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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Use Jamaican English|date=March 2012}}
{{Use Jamaican English|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
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| image_size =
| image_size =
| background = solo_singer
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = Winston Brown
| birth_name = Robert Anthony Blackwood
| alias = Robert Blackwood, Errol Codling, Michael Dicks, Boyark
| alias = Winston Brown, Errol Codling, Michael Dicks, Boyark
| birth_place =
| birth_place = [[Trelawny Parish]], [[Jamaica]]
| birth_date = c. 1955
| birth_date = 9 May 1956
| death_place =
| death_place =
| death_date = {{death year and age|1996|1955}}
| death_date = {{death year and age|1996|1955}}
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}}
}}


'''Ranking Dread''' (born '''Winston Brown'''; c. 1955 – 1996)<ref name="Moskowitz">Moskowitz, David V. (2006) ''Caribbean Music: an Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall'', Greenwood Press, {{ISBN|0-313-33158-8}}, p.246</ref><ref name="Barrow">Barrow, Steve & Dalton, Peter (2003) ''The Rough Guide to Reggae, 3rd edn.'', [[Rough Guides]], {{ISBN|1-84353-329-4}}, p.274</ref> was a [[Jamaica]]n [[reggae]] [[Deejay (Jamaican)|deejay]] who grew up in the Kingston ghettos of Rema and Tivoli. He became famous for his work with the Ray Symbolic [[Sound system (Jamaican)|sound system]] in the 1970s. His later years in the UK and North America were dogged by legal issues.
'''Ranking Dread''' (born '''Winston Brown'''; {{circa|1955}} – 1996)<ref name="Moskowitz">Moskowitz, David V. (2006) ''Caribbean Music: an Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall'', Greenwood Press, {{ISBN|0-313-33158-8}}, p. 246.</ref><ref name="Barrow">Barrow, Steve & Dalton, Peter (2003) ''The Rough Guide to Reggae, 3rd edn'', [[Rough Guides]], {{ISBN|1-84353-329-4}}, p. 274.</ref><ref>"'Yardie' charged on arrival", ''[[The Gleaner|The Daily Gleaner]]'', 11 November 1988, p. 1.</ref> was a [[Jamaica]]n [[reggae]] [[Deejay (Jamaican)|deejay]] and was born in the Jamaican parish of [[Trelawny Parish|Trelawny]] but grew up in the [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]] ghettos of Rema and Tivoli. He became famous for his work with the Ray Symbolic [[Sound system (Jamaican)|sound system]] in the 1970s. His later years in the UK and North America were ended by legal issues.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Ranking Dread first became known as a deejay on the Ray Symbolic sound system in Jamaica, but by the late 1970s he had moved to [[London]], where he worked with [[Lloyd Coxsone]]'s sound system.<ref name="Barrow" /> He released four albums starting with ''Girls Fiesta'' in 1978, produced by [[Linval Thompson]], and worked with producer [[Sugar Minott]] on his third album, ''Lots of Loving''.<ref name="Moskowitz" /> He had a minor UK hit in the early 1980s with "Fattie Boom Boom", but in the mid-1980s, he faded from the music scene and became more notorious for his criminal activities, where he was labelled "the most dangerous man in Britain and the number one Yardie Godfather".<ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Tony (2001) "[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/apr/22/tonythompson.theobserver1 Two more die on 'murder mile']", ''[[The Guardian]]'', 22 April 2001</ref> This was backed up by his appearance on a British television programme in the late 1980s entitled [[The Cook Report]]. However, when interviewed by TV Journalist [[Ben Chin]] in 1990 for a Canadian TV documentary, he denied all allegations put to him.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viddler.com/explore/solomonic/videos/4/ |accessdate=19 April 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002081318/http://www.viddler.com/explore/solomonic/videos/4/ |archivedate=2 October 2011 }}</ref>
Ranking Dread first became known as a deejay on the Ray Symbolic sound system in Jamaica, but by the late 1970s he had moved to [[London]], where he worked with [[Lloyd Coxsone]]'s sound system.<ref name="Barrow" /> He released four albums starting with ''Girls Fiesta'' in 1978, produced by [[Linval Thompson]], and worked with producer [[Sugar Minott]] on his third album, ''Lots of Loving''.<ref name="Moskowitz" /> He had a minor UK hit in the early 1980s with "Fattie Boom Boom", but in the mid-1980s, he faded from the music scene and became more notorious for his criminal activities, where he was labelled "the most dangerous man in Britain and the number one Yardie Godfather".<ref name="Thompson">Thompson, Tony (2001), "[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/apr/22/tonythompson.theobserver1 Two more die on 'murder mile']", ''[[The Guardian]]'', 22 April 2001.</ref> This was backed up by his appearance on a British television programme in the late 1980s entitled [[The Cook Report]]. However, when interviewed by TV Journalist [[Ben Chin]] in 1990 for a Canadian TV documentary, he denied all allegations put to him.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111002081318/http://www.viddler.com/explore/solomonic/videos/4/] {{dead link|date=January 2022}}</ref>


He had been involved with Jamaican gang leader [[Claude Massop]], and was wanted by Jamaican police in connection with over thirty murders. He travelled to the [[United Kingdom]], where he lived under several aliases including Errol Codling, became the head of a [[London Borough of Hackney|Hackney]] [[drug-dealing]] and [[armed robbery]] gang,<ref name="Pitts">Pitts, John (2008) ''Reluctant Gangsters: The Changing Face of Youth Crime'', Willan Publishing, {{ISBN|978-1-84392-365-7}}, p.86</ref> and was wanted by the police there in connection with [[rape]], [[murder]], [[prostitution]], and dealing in [[crack cocaine]].<ref name="Silvester">Silvester, Norman (2003) "Revealed: Ranking Dread is Yardie crime boss flooding Scotland with crack cocaine", ''[[The Mail on Sunday]]'', 9 March 2003</ref> He was arrested at an illegal drinking club in 1988 and found to be in possession of illegal drugs and deported later that year, officially for entering the country illegally,<ref name="Hansard">{{cite web|author=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm198889/cmhansrd/1988-12-01/Writtens-8.html |title=House of Commons Hansard Debates for 1 Dec 1988 |website=Publications.parliament.uk |date= |accessdate=2015-12-24}}</ref> after being branded the most dangerous foreign national living in Britain.<ref name="OHanlon">O'Hanlon, Terry (1996) "[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_19960721/ai_n14452800/ Storm as Yardie gangsters sneak back into Britain]", ''[[Sunday Mirror]]'', 21 July 1996</ref> In 1990, after being deported from the United States, he was arrested in [[Canada]] for allegedly slashing his girlfriend's face with a knife after entering the country illegally on a fake passport, and attempted to gain refugee status there, claiming that he feared for his life in Jamaica due to his political affiliations.<ref name="Simcoe">"[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=D4UaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4SIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3532,7077439&dq=errol-codling Refugee Reject Passes Our Test]", ''[[Simcoe Reformer]]'', 21 March 1990</ref>
He had been involved with Jamaican gang leader [[Claude Massop]], and was wanted by Jamaican police in connection with over thirty murders. He travelled to the [[United Kingdom]], where he lived under several aliases including Errol Codling, became the head of a [[London Borough of Hackney|Hackney]] [[drug-dealing]] and [[armed robbery]] gang,<ref name="Pitts">Pitts, John (2008) ''Reluctant Gangsters: The Changing Face of Youth Crime'', Willan Publishing, {{ISBN|978-1-84392-365-7}}, p. 86.</ref> and was wanted by the police there. He was arrested at an illegal drinking club in 1988 and found to be in possession of illegal drugs and deported later that year, officially for entering the country illegally,<ref name="Hansard">{{cite web|author=Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm198889/cmhansrd/1988-12-01/Writtens-8.html |title=House of Commons Hansard Debates for 1 Dec 1988 |website=Publications.parliament.uk |access-date=24 December 2015}}</ref> after being branded the most dangerous foreign national living in Britain.<ref name="OHanlon">O'Hanlon, Terry (1996), [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_19960721/ai_n14452800/ "Storm as Yardie gangsters sneak back into Britain"], ''[[Sunday Mirror]]'', 21 July 1996.</ref> In 1990, after being deported from the United States, he was arrested in [[Canada]] for allegedly slashing his girlfriend's face with a knife after entering the country illegally on a fake passport, and attempted to gain refugee status there, claiming that he feared for his life in Jamaica due to his political affiliations.<ref name="Simcoe">"[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=D4UaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4SIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3532,7077439&dq=errol-codling Refugee Reject Passes Our Test]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}", ''[[Simcoe Reformer]]'', 21 March 1990.</ref>


He was eventually extradited back to Jamaica where he died in prison in 1996.
He was eventually extradited back to Jamaica where he died in prison in 1996.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-aQyEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA156 | title=Gangster Warlords: Drug Dollars, Killing Fields, and the New Politics of Latin America | isbn=9781408845912 | last1=Grillo | first1=Ioan | date=12 January 2017 }}</ref>


==Discography==
==Discography==

===Albums===
===Albums===
*''Girls Fiesta'' (1978), Burning Sounds
*''Girls Fiesta'' (1978), Burning Sounds
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 01:54, 12 June 2024

Ranking Dread
Birth nameRobert Anthony Blackwood
Also known asWinston Brown, Errol Codling, Michael Dicks, Boyark
Born9 May 1956
Trelawny Parish, Jamaica
OriginKingston, Jamaica
Died1996 (aged 40–41)
GenresReggae, dancehall
OccupationDeejay
Years activeMid-1970s–early 1980s
LabelsBurning Sounds, Greensleeves

Ranking Dread (born Winston Brown; c. 1955 – 1996)[1][2][3] was a Jamaican reggae deejay and was born in the Jamaican parish of Trelawny but grew up in the Kingston ghettos of Rema and Tivoli. He became famous for his work with the Ray Symbolic sound system in the 1970s. His later years in the UK and North America were ended by legal issues.

Biography

[edit]

Ranking Dread first became known as a deejay on the Ray Symbolic sound system in Jamaica, but by the late 1970s he had moved to London, where he worked with Lloyd Coxsone's sound system.[2] He released four albums starting with Girls Fiesta in 1978, produced by Linval Thompson, and worked with producer Sugar Minott on his third album, Lots of Loving.[1] He had a minor UK hit in the early 1980s with "Fattie Boom Boom", but in the mid-1980s, he faded from the music scene and became more notorious for his criminal activities, where he was labelled "the most dangerous man in Britain and the number one Yardie Godfather".[4] This was backed up by his appearance on a British television programme in the late 1980s entitled The Cook Report. However, when interviewed by TV Journalist Ben Chin in 1990 for a Canadian TV documentary, he denied all allegations put to him.[5]

He had been involved with Jamaican gang leader Claude Massop, and was wanted by Jamaican police in connection with over thirty murders. He travelled to the United Kingdom, where he lived under several aliases including Errol Codling, became the head of a Hackney drug-dealing and armed robbery gang,[6] and was wanted by the police there. He was arrested at an illegal drinking club in 1988 and found to be in possession of illegal drugs and deported later that year, officially for entering the country illegally,[7] after being branded the most dangerous foreign national living in Britain.[8] In 1990, after being deported from the United States, he was arrested in Canada for allegedly slashing his girlfriend's face with a knife after entering the country illegally on a fake passport, and attempted to gain refugee status there, claiming that he feared for his life in Jamaica due to his political affiliations.[9]

He was eventually extradited back to Jamaica where he died in prison in 1996.[10]

Discography

[edit]

Albums

[edit]
  • Girls Fiesta (1978), Burning Sounds
  • Kunta Kinte Roots (1979), Burning Sounds
  • Lots of Loving (1980), Stand Firm
  • Ranking Dread in Dub (1982), Silver Camel
  • 2 Dread Inna Babylon (2006), Silver Kamel (with Massive Dread)
  • Most Wanted (2007), Greensleeves

Singles

[edit]
  • Disco E.P. Showcase (EP) (1980), Art & Craft
  • "I Don't Want To Be No General" (1980), D.E.B.
  • "Fattie Boom Boom" (1981), Greensleeves
  • "Poor Man Story" (1981), Live And Love
  • "Wah We Do" (1981), Live And Love
  • "My Mammy" (1982), Greensleeves
  • "Shut Me Mouth" (1982), Greensleeves
  • "Stylelily" (1998), High Power Music
  • "Love A Dub" (2007), Greensleeves

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Moskowitz, David V. (2006) Caribbean Music: an Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall, Greenwood Press, ISBN 0-313-33158-8, p. 246.
  2. ^ a b Barrow, Steve & Dalton, Peter (2003) The Rough Guide to Reggae, 3rd edn, Rough Guides, ISBN 1-84353-329-4, p. 274.
  3. ^ "'Yardie' charged on arrival", The Daily Gleaner, 11 November 1988, p. 1.
  4. ^ Thompson, Tony (2001), "Two more die on 'murder mile'", The Guardian, 22 April 2001.
  5. ^ [1] [dead link‍]
  6. ^ Pitts, John (2008) Reluctant Gangsters: The Changing Face of Youth Crime, Willan Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84392-365-7, p. 86.
  7. ^ Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster. "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 1 Dec 1988". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 24 December 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ O'Hanlon, Terry (1996), "Storm as Yardie gangsters sneak back into Britain", Sunday Mirror, 21 July 1996.
  9. ^ "Refugee Reject Passes Our Test[permanent dead link‍]", Simcoe Reformer, 21 March 1990.
  10. ^ Grillo, Ioan (12 January 2017). Gangster Warlords: Drug Dollars, Killing Fields, and the New Politics of Latin America. ISBN 9781408845912.
[edit]
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