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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use South African English|date=November 2013}}
{{Use South African English|date=November 2013}}
{{Year in South Africa|1901}}
{{Year in South Africa|1901}}
<!-- IF POSSIBLE, PLEASE USE PRESENT TENSE -->
<!-- IF POSSIBLE, PLEASE USE PRESENT TENSE -->
⚫
The following lists events that happened during '''1901 in South Africa'''.


==Incumbents==
⚫
The following lists events that happened during '''[[1901]] in [[South Africa]]'''.
===Cape Colony===
* [[Cape Colony#Governors of the Cape of Good Hope (1797–1910)|Governor of the Cape of Good Hope]] and [[High Commissioner for Southern Africa]]:[[Alfred Milner]] then [[Walter Hely-Hutchinson]] (governor from 6 March but not high commissioner).
* [[Cape Colony#Prime Ministers of the Cape of Good Hope (1872–1910)|Prime Minister of the Cape of Good Hope]]: [[John Gordon Sprigg]].

===Natal===
* [[Colony of Natal#Lieutenant-governors|Governor of the Colony of Natal]]: [[Charles Bullen Hugh Mitchell]] (until 6 May), [[Henry Edward McCallum]] (starting 6 May).
* [[Colony of Natal|Prime Minister of the Colony of Natal]]: [[Albert Henry Hime]].

===Orange Free State===
* [[State President of the Orange Free State]]: [[Martinus Theunis Steyn]].
* Administrator of British-occupied [[Orange River Colony]] and UK [[High Commissioner for Southern Africa]]: [[Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner]].

===South African Republic===
* [[State President of the South African Republic]]: [[Paul Kruger]] (in exile); [[Schalk Willem Burger]] (acting).
* Administrator of British-occupied [[Transvaal Colony|Transvaal]] and UK [[High Commissioner for Southern Africa]]: [[Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner]].


==Events==
==Events==


;January
;January
* 9 &ndash; [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Herbert Kitchener]] reports that [[Christiaan de Wet]] has shot a British peace envoy and flogged two more who had gone to his commando to ask the Burghers to halt fighting.<ref>{{cite book | last=Grant | first=Neil | title=Chronicle of 20th Century Conflict | year=1993 | publisher=Reed International Books Ltd. & SMITHMARK Publishers Inc. | location=New York City | isbn=0-8317-1371-2 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 18–19] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 }}</ref>
* 15 January &ndash; The ''HMS Sybille'', a 3400-ton [[Apollo class cruiser]], strikes a reef about 5&nbsp;km south of [[Lamberts Bay]].
* 15 &ndash; HMS ''Sybille'', a 3,400-ton {{Sclass|Apollo|cruiser|1}}, strikes a reef about {{convert|5|km|abbr=on}} south of [[Lamberts Bay]].
* 31 January &ndash; General [[Jan Smuts]] and his commandos capture Modderfontein, [[South African Republic|Transvaal]], during the [[Second Boer War]].
* 31 &ndash; General [[Jan Smuts]] and his commandos capture [[Modderfontein (East Rand)|Modderfontein]].


;February
;February
* 1 February &ndash; [[Bubonic plague]] breaks out in [[Cape Town]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9403E4DE103DEE32A25752C1A9649C946097D6CF|title=''Bubonic Plague in Cape Town|date=11 February 1901|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|pages=7|accessdate=2009-06-21 | format=PDF}}</ref>
* 1 &ndash; [[Bubonic plague]] breaks out in [[Cape Town]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/02/11/118461368.pdf|title=Bubonic Plague in Cape Town|date=11 February 1901|work=[[The New York Times]]|pages=7|access-date=2009-06-21}}</ref>
* 26 &ndash; The [[Middelburg, Mpumalanga|Middelburg]] peace conference fails as [[Boers]] continue to demand autonomy.


;May
;May
* 31 May &ndash; Officially unrecognized [[Zulu people|Zulu]] king [[Dinuzulu|Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo]] refuses British instructions to take up arms against the [[Boer]]s in the [[Second Boer War]].
* 31 &ndash; Officially unrecognized [[Zulu people|Zulu]] king [[Dinuzulu|Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo]] refuses British instructions to take up arms against the [[Boer]]s.


;June
;June
* 18 &ndash; [[Emily Hobhouse]] reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the [[Second Boer War concentration camps]]<ref name="White Camps">{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/governance/mainframe-womencamp.htm|title=Women & Children in White Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War|work=White Concentration Camps: Anglo-Boer War: 1900–1902|publisher=South African History Online|access-date=25 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607091953/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/governance/mainframe-womencamp.htm|archive-date=7 June 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Black Camps">[http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/black-concentration-camps-during-anglo-boer-war-2-1900-1902 South African History Online – Black Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War 2, 1900–1902] (Accessed on 22 October 2016)</ref>
* [[Emily Hobhouse#Conditions in the camps|Emily Hobhouse]] reports on the [[genocide]] in the 45 British concentration camps for Boer women and children in which, over an 18-month period, 26,370 people would die, 24,000 of them children under 16. Exact mortality figures in the 64 concentration camps for black displaced farm workers and their families are not known, but even worse.<ref>{{Harvnb|Pakenham|1979|loc=}}</ref>
* 25 &ndash; Boer armies invaded the [[Cape Colony]] and attacked the British settlement of [[Richmond, Northern Cape|Richmond]] for a day, then retreated as British forces approached.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=S4BHAAAAYAAJ&q=%22current+events%22&pg=PA1 The American Monthly Review of Reviews] (August 1901) pp. 153–156</ref>


;July
;July
* 2–6 July &ndash; [[Boer]] prisoners-of-war are murdered by Australian members of the [[Bushveldt Carbineers]] in the Spelonken area near [[Louis Trichardt]] during the [[Second Boer War]].
* 2–6 &ndash; Nine [[Boer]] prisoners-of-war are murdered by Australian members of the [[Bushveldt Carbineers]] in the Spelonken area near [[Louis Trichardt]].
* 16 &ndash; [[Second Boer War#The Fawcett Commission|The Fawcett Commission]] is established to look at living conditions of women and children, including water supply, sanitation, medical care and the mortality and birth rates in the concentration camps.


;August
;August
* 4 &ndash; [[Paul Methuen, 3rd Baron Methuen|Lieutenant-general Paul Methuen]] destroys the [[village]] of [[Schweizer-Reneke]] under the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Scorched earth|scorched earth policy]].<ref name=Methuen>[http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/anglo-boer-war-2-lord-methuen-british-general-destroys-village-schweizer-reneke South African History Online – Anglo-Boer War 2: Lord Methuen, British general, destroys the village of Schweizer-Reneke] (Accessed on 22 October 2016)</ref>
* 20 August &ndash; [[Koos de la Rey|General Koos de la Rey]]'s 84-year old mother is sent to a [[concentration camp]] at [[Klerksdorp]].
* 20 &ndash; [[Koos de la Rey|General Koos de la Rey]]'s 84-year-old mother is sent to a [[concentration camp]] at [[Klerksdorp]].


;September
;September
* 17 September &ndash; Commandant-General [[Louis Botha]] and General Cecil "Cherry" Cheere Emmett join forces to invade [[Colony of Natal|Natal]] during the [[Second Boer War]].
* 17 &ndash; Commandant-General [[Louis Botha]] and General Cecil "Cherry" Cheere Emmett join forces to invade [[Colony of Natal|Natal]].


;October
;October
Line 34: Line 55:


;November
;November
* 1 November &ndash; [[Standard Bank (historic)|Standard Bank]] opens its second branch in [[Johannesburg]] on Eloff Street.
* 1 &ndash; [[Standard Bank (historic)|Standard Bank]] opens its second branch in [[Johannesburg]] on Eloff Street.
* 9 November &ndash; The electric tramline in [[Cape Town]] is extended from [[Sea Point]] to [[Camps Bay]].
* 9 &ndash; The electric tramline in [[Cape Town]] is extended from [[Sea Point]] to [[Camps Bay]].
* 18 November &ndash; Boer commandos invade the [[British Cape Colony|Cape Colony]] and come to within 50 miles of [[Cape town]].
* 18 &ndash; Boer commandos invade the [[British Cape Colony|Cape Colony]] and come to within 50 miles of [[Cape Town]].


;December
;December
* 22 December &ndash; Peace Sunday and Charles Aked, a Baptist minister in Liverpool, says: "Great Britain cannot win the battles without resorting to the last despicable cowardice of the most loathsome cur on earth — the act of striking a brave man's heart through his wife's honour and his child's life. The cowardly war has been conducted by methods of barbarism... the concentration camps have been Murder Camps." A crowd follows him home and breaks the windows of his house.<ref name="SAHO WhiteCamps">{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/governance/mainframe-womencamp.htm|title=Women & Children in White Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War|work=White Concentration Camps: Anglo-Boer War: 1900–1902|publisher=South African History Online|accessdate=25 October 2010}}</ref>
* 22 &ndash; On Peace Sunday [[Charles Frederic Aked]] (1864–1941), a Baptist minister in [[Liverpool]], says: "Great Britain cannot win the battles without resorting to the last despicable cowardice of the most loathsome cur on earth; the act of striking a brave man's heart through his wife's honour and his child's life. The cowardly war has been conducted by methods of barbarism... the concentration camps have been Murder Camps." A crowd follows him home and breaks the windows of his house.<ref name="White Camps"/>


==Births==
==Births==
* 9 September &ndash; [[Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd]], Prime Minister of South Africa. (d. 1966)
* 24 January &ndash; [[Harry Calder]], South African cricketer. (d. 1995)
* 9 September &ndash; [[Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd]], Prime Minister of South Africa. (assassinated 1966) (born in the Netherlands)


==Deaths==
==Deaths==
* 19 May &ndash; [[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]], first president of the [[South African Republic]] and founder of [[Pretoria]], dies at the age of 81.
* 19 May &ndash; [[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]], first president of the [[South African Republic]] and founder of [[Pretoria]], at age 81.


==Railways==
==Railways==
[[File:CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901.jpg|thumb|[[CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901|CGR 3rd Class ''Wynberg Tender'']]]]
[[File:Railway and locomotive engineering - a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock (1901) (14737996726).jpg|thumb|[[South African Class 8X 2-8-0|CGR 8th Class]]]]
[[File:NCC Pioneer 0-4-0ST b.jpg|thumb|[[Namaqualand 0-4-2ST Pioneer|NCC ''Pioneer'']]]]
[[File:SAR Class C1 77 (4-6-2T) NGR 38 ex NGR 25.jpg|thumb|[[South African Class C1 4-6-2T|SAR Class C1]]]]
[[File:NGR 512 (2-6-2) ex Zululand Ry 1.jpg|thumb|[[NGR Class I 2-6-2T|Zululand Railway Co. 2-6-2]]]]


===Railway lines opened===
===Railway lines opened===
Line 57: Line 84:
;Cape
;Cape
* Six new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the [[Cape Government Railways]] (CGR):
* Six new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the [[Cape Government Railways]] (CGR):
** Six 4-4-0 [[CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901|3rd Class "Wynberg Tender"]] locomotives in suburban service in Cape Town.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|59–60}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>{{rp|18}}
** Six 4-4-0 [[CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901|3rd Class ''Wynberg Tender'']] locomotives in suburban service in Cape Town.<ref name="Holland 1">{{Holland-Vol 1|pages=rp|48–49, 50–54, 56, 59–63, 88–89, 96–97, 123–124}}</ref><ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne|pages=18, 28–29, 41–45}}</ref>
** Eight redesigned American-built 6th Class [[4-6-0]] steam locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6G 4-6-0|{{nowrap|Class 6G}}]] on the South African Railways (SAR).<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|48, 56}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>{{rp|43}}
** Eight redesigned American-built 6th Class [[4-6-0]] steam locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6G 4-6-0|{{nowrap|Class 6G}}]] on the South African Railways (SAR).<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
** Twenty-one 6th Class [[4-6-0]] [[steam locomotive]]s, built to the older designs with plate frames. In 1912 they would be reclassified to [[South African Class 6H 4-6-0|Class 6H]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|48–49, 56}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>{{rp|41–43}}
** 21 6th Class [[4-6-0]] [[steam locomotive]]s, built to the older designs with plate frames. In 1912 they would be reclassified to [[South African Class 6H 4-6-0|Class 6H]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
** Ten American built 6th Class [[4-6-0]] bar framed locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6K 4-6-0|Class 6K]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|50–52, 56}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>{{rp|41–44}}
** Ten American-built 6th Class [[4-6-0]] bar framed locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6K 4-6-0|Class 6K]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
** Four 6th Class [[2-6-2]] Prairie type locomotives that are soon modified to a {{nowrap|[[2-6-4]]}} Adriatic type wheel arrangement. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6Z 2-6-4|Class 6Z]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|52–54, 56}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>{{rp|45}}<ref name="Durrant">{{Durrant-Twilight}}</ref>{{rp|11}}
** Four 6th Class [[2-6-2]] Prairie type locomotives that are soon modified to a {{nowrap|[[2-6-4]]}} Adriatic type wheel arrangement. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 6Z 2-6-4|Class 6Z]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/><ref name="Durrant">{{Durrant-Twilight}}</ref>{{rp|11}}
** The first of sixteen 8th Class [[2-8-0|{{nowrap|2-8-0}}]] Consolidation type locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 8X 2-8-0|Class 8X]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|61–63}}<ref name="SAR Renumber">Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 9, 12, 15, 35 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)</ref>
** The first of sixteen 8th Class [[2-8-0|{{nowrap|2-8-0}}]] Consolidation type locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated [[South African Class 8X 2-8-0|Class 8X]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="SAR Renumber">Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineers' Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 9, 12, 15, 35 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)</ref>
⚫
* The Namaqua Copper Company acquires its first locomotive, a 0-4-2 saddle-tank shunting engine [[Namaqualand 0-4-2ST Pioneer|named ''Pioneer'']].<ref name="Bagshawe">{{Bagshawe}}</ref>{{rp|35–39}}

⚫
* The Namaqua Copper Company acquires its first locomotive, a 0-4-2 saddle-tank shunting engine [[Namaqualand 0-4-2ST Pioneer|named Pioneer]] for use on its tramway line between its main mine at Tweefontein and Flat Mine at [[Concordia, Northern Cape|Concordia]].<ref name="Bagshawe">{{Bagshawe}}</ref>{{rp|35–39}}


;Natal
;Natal
* The [[Natal Government Railways]] (NGR) rebuilds one of its Class G {{nowrap|4-6-0}} tank locomotives to a [[South African Class C1 4-6-2T|Class H]] {{nowrap|4-6-2T}} Pacific wheel arrangement.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|88–89}}<ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne}}</ref>{{rp|28–29}}
* The [[Natal Government Railways]] (NGR) rebuilds one of its Class G {{nowrap|4-6-0}} tank locomotives to a Class H {{nowrap|4-6-2T}} Pacific wheel arrangement. In 1912 it would be designated [[South African Class C1 4-6-2T|Class C1]] on the SAR.<ref name="Holland 1"/><ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/>
⚫
* The Natal Harbours Department places a single {{nowrap|0-6-0}} side-tank locomotive named [[Durban Harbour's Edward Innes|''Edward Innes'']] in service as harbour shunter in Durban Harbour.<ref name="Holland 2">{{Holland-Vol 2|pages=128–129}}</ref>

⚫
* The Zululand Railway Company, contracted for the construction of the line from [[Verulam, KwaZulu-Natal|Verulam]] to [[Tugela River]], acquires one [[NGR Class I 2-6-2T|2-6-2 tank locomotive]].<ref name="Holland 1"/>
⚫
* The Natal Harbours Department places a single {{nowrap|0-6-0}} side-tank locomotive named [[Durban Harbour's Edward Innes|Edward Innes]] in service as harbour shunter in Durban Harbour.<ref name="Holland 2">{{Holland-Vol 2|}}</ref>{{rp|128–129}}

⚫
* The Zululand Railway Company, contracted for the construction of the line from [[Verulam, KwaZulu-Natal|Verulam]] to [[Tugela River]], acquires one 2-6-2 tank locomotive as [[NGR Class I 2-6-2T|construction engine]].<ref name="Holland 1">{{Holland-Vol 1|}}</ref>{{rp|96–97}}


;Transvaal
;Transvaal
* The Imperial Military Railways places thirty-five tank locomotives in service, built to the design of the [[CSAR Class E 4-10-2T|Reid Tenwheeler]] of the NGR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>{{rp|123–124}}
* The Imperial Military Railways places 35 tank locomotives in service, built to the design of the [[CSAR Class E 4-10-2T|Reid Tenwheeler]] of the NGR.<ref name="Holland 1"/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Africa topic|1901 in|state=collapsed}}

{{Year in Africa|1901}}
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[[Category:1901 in South Africa| ]]
[[Category:1901 by country|South Africa]]
[[Category:1901 by country|South Africa]]
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[[Category:Years of the 20th century in South Africa]]
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[[Category:1901 in South Africa| ]]
[[Category:1900s in South Africa]]
[[Category:1900s in South Africa]]
[[Category:1901 in Africa|South Africa]]
[[Category:1901 in Africa|South Africa]]
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[[Category:Years of the 20th century in South Africa]]

Latest revision as of 09:55, 15 June 2024

←

1901
in
South Africa

→

Decades:
See also:

The following lists events that happened during 1901 in South Africa.

Incumbents

[edit]

Cape Colony

[edit]

Natal

[edit]

Orange Free State

[edit]

South African Republic

[edit]

Events

[edit]
January
February
May
June
July
  • 2–6 – Nine Boer prisoners-of-war are murdered by Australian members of the Bushveldt Carbineers in the Spelonken area near Louis Trichardt.
  • 16 – The Fawcett Commission is established to look at living conditions of women and children, including water supply, sanitation, medical care and the mortality and birth rates in the concentration camps.
August
September
  • 17 – Commandant-General Louis Botha and General Cecil "Cherry" Cheere Emmett join forces to invade Natal.
October
November
December
  • 22 – On Peace Sunday Charles Frederic Aked (1864–1941), a Baptist minister in Liverpool, says: "Great Britain cannot win the battles without resorting to the last despicable cowardice of the most loathsome cur on earth; the act of striking a brave man's heart through his wife's honour and his child's life. The cowardly war has been conducted by methods of barbarism... the concentration camps have been Murder Camps." A crowd follows him home and breaks the windows of his house.[3]

Births

[edit]
  • 24 January – Harry Calder, South African cricketer. (d. 1995)
  • 9 September – Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa. (assassinated 1966) (born in the Netherlands)

Deaths

[edit]

Railways

[edit]
CGR 3rd Class Wynberg Tender
CGR 8th Class
NCC Pioneer
SAR Class C1
Zululand Railway Co. 2-6-2

Railway lines opened

[edit]

Locomotives

[edit]
Cape
  • Six new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the Cape Government Railways (CGR):
    • Six 4-4-0 3rd Class Wynberg Tender locomotives in suburban service in Cape Town.[9][10]
    • Eight redesigned American-built 6th Class 4-6-0 steam locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated Class 6G on the South African Railways (SAR).[9][10]
    • 21 6th Class 4-6-0 steam locomotives, built to the older designs with plate frames. In 1912 they would be reclassified to Class 6H on the SAR.[9][10]
    • Ten American-built 6th Class 4-6-0 bar framed locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated Class 6K on the SAR.[9][10]
    • Four 6th Class 2-6-2 Prairie type locomotives that are soon modified to a 2-6-4 Adriatic type wheel arrangement. In 1912 they would be designated Class 6Z on the SAR.[9][10][11]: 11 
    • The first of sixteen 8th Class 2-8-0 Consolidation type locomotives. In 1912 they would be designated Class 8X on the SAR.[9][12]
  • The Namaqua Copper Company acquires its first locomotive, a 0-4-2 saddle-tank shunting engine named Pioneer.[13]: 35–39 
Natal
Transvaal
  • The Imperial Military Railways places 35 tank locomotives in service, built to the design of the Reid Tenwheeler of the NGR.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Grant, Neil (1993). Chronicle of 20th Century Conflict. New York City: Reed International Books Ltd. & SMITHMARK Publishers Inc. pp. 18–19. ISBN 0-8317-1371-2.
  2. ^ "Bubonic Plague in Cape Town" (PDF). The New York Times. 11 February 1901. p. 7. Retrieved 21 June 2009.
  3. ^ a b "Women & Children in White Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War". White Concentration Camps: Anglo-Boer War: 1900–1902. South African History Online. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2010.
  4. ^ South African History Online – Black Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War 2, 1900–1902 (Accessed on 22 October 2016)
  5. ^ The American Monthly Review of Reviews (August 1901) pp. 153–156
  6. ^ South African History Online – Anglo-Boer War 2: Lord Methuen, British general, destroys the village of Schweizer-Reneke (Accessed on 22 October 2016)
  7. ^ a b c Statement Showing, in Chronological Order, the Date of Opening and the Mileage of Each Section of Railway, Statement No. 19, p. 184, ref. no. 200954-13
  8. ^ Report for year ending 31 December 1909, Cape Government Railways, Section VIII - Dates of Opening and the Length of the different Sections in the Cape Colony, from the Year 1873 to 31st December, 1909.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. rp. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
  10. ^ a b c d e f Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 18, 28–29, 41–45. ISBN 0869772112.
  11. ^ Durrant, AE (1989). Twilight of South African Steam (1st ed.). Newton Abbott: David & Charles. ISBN 0715386387.
  12. ^ Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineers' Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 9, 12, 15, 35 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
  13. ^ Bagshawe, Peter (2012). Locomotives of the Namaqualand Railway and Copper Mines (1st ed.). Stenvalls. ISBN 978-91-7266-179-0.
  14. ^ Holland, D. F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
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