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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Bahnar
| name = Bahnar
|nativename = ''Bana''
| nativename = ''Bana''
|states = [[Vietnam]]
| states = [[Vietnam]]
|region =
| region =
|ethnicity = [[Bahnar people]]
| ethnicity = [[Bahnar people]]
|speakers = {{sigfig|158,000|2}} in Viet Nam
| speakers = {{sigfig|158,000|2}} in Viet Nam
|date = 1999 census
| date = 1999 census
|ref = e18
| ref = e18
|familycolor = Austro-Asiatic
| familycolor = Austro-Asiatic
|fam2 = [[Bahnaric languages|Bahnaric]]
| fam2 = [[Bahnaric languages|Bahnaric]]
|fam3 = [[North Bahnaric languages|North]]
| fam3 = [[North Bahnaric languages|North]]
|iso3 = bdq
| iso3 = bdq
|glotto=bahn1262
| glotto = bahn1262
|glottorefname=Bahnar
| glottorefname = Bahnar
|script = [[Latin script|Latin]] <br>(adapted [[Vietnamese alphabet|Vietnamese]])
| script = [[Latin script|Latin]] <br>(adapted [[Vietnamese alphabet|Vietnamese]])
| pronunciation = {{IPA|[ˈbəˌnaː]}}
}}
}}


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=== Consonants ===
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable IPA" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
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*
*



=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===

Latest revision as of 12:19, 20 June 2024

Not to be confused with Bana language.
Bahnar
Bana
Pronunciation[ˈbəˌnaː]
Native toVietnam
EthnicityBahnar people
Native speakers
(160,000 in Viet Nam cited 1999 census)[1]
Latin
(adapted Vietnamese)
Language codes
ISO 639-3bdq
Glottologbahn1262

The Bahnar language or Ba-Na language (Bahnar pronunciation: [ˈbəˌnaː]) is a Central Bahnaric language. It has nine vowel qualities and phonemic vowel length.

Subdivisions

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Đào (1998)[2] lists the following subgroups of Bahnar and their respective locations.

Bùi (2011:5-6)[3] lists the following subgroups of Bahnar and their respective locations.

Phonology

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Consonants

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Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t tɕ k ʔ
voiced b d dʑ ɡ
preglottal ʔb ʔd ʔdʑ
Nasal plain m n ɲ ŋ
preglottal ʔm ʔn ʔɲ ʔŋ
Fricative s h
Rhotic r
Approximant plain w l j
preglottal ʔw ʔl ʔj
Final consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive p t tɕ k ʔ
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Aspirate jh* h
Rhotic r
Approximant w l j jˀ

*-In the final sequence /jh/, /h/ is not pronounced and /j/ is pronounced phonetically as a short vowel /i/.[4]


Vowels

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Front Central Back
Close i iː ɨː u uː
Mid eː ə əː oː
Open ɛ ɛː a aː ɔ ɔː

Also used in Vietnam

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Other minor groups include the Kon Kđe, Bơ Nơm, and A Roh subgroups in Kông Chro District and K'Bang District of Gia Lai Province (Bùi 2011:6).

Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Bahnar.

  • Tolo
  • Golar
  • Alakong (A-La Cong)
  • Jolong (Gio-Lang, Y-Lang)
  • Bahnar Bonom (Bomam)
  • Kontum
  • Krem

References

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  1. ^ Bahnar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Đào Huy Quyền. 1998. Nhạc khí dân tộc Jrai và Bahnar [Musical instruments of the Jrai and Bahnar]. Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản trẻ.
  3. ^ Bùi Minh Đạo. 2011. The Bahnar people in Viet Nam. Hanoi: Thế Giới Publishers. ISBN 978-604-77-0319-7
  4. ^ Banker, John & Elizabeth; Mo', Siu (1979). Bahnar Dictionary, Plei Bong-Mang Yang Dialect. Huntingdon Beach, Summer Institute of Linguistics. pp. vi–xii.
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