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*[[Pony (programming Language)]]

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{{Infobox programming language
{{Infobox programming language
| name = Pony
| name = Pony
| logo = Main-galloping.svg
| paradigm = [[Actor model]]
| paradigm = [[Actor model]], [[object-oriented programming|Object-oriented]], [[Imperative programming|Imperative]]
| designer = Sylvan Clebsch
| designer = Sylvan Clebsch
⚫
| website = {{URL|http://www.ponylang.org}}
| influenced by = [[E (programming language)|E]]
⚫
| year = {{release date and age|2012|11|09}}
| influenced = {{URL|https://www.gitbook.com/book/stw/the-encore-programming-language/details|Encore}}, [[Project Verona]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Verona FAQ |url=https://github.com/microsoft/verona/blob/master/docs/faq.md |website=Github}}</ref>, [https://github.com/savi-lang/savi Savi], [https://inko-lang.org/ Inko]
⚫
| programming_language = C}}
| latest_release_version = 0.58.5
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|2024|06|01}}
| typing = [[strong typing|strong]], [[static typing|static]], [[type inference|inferred]], [[nominal typing|nominal]], [[structural typing|structural]]
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| website = {{URL|http://www.ponylang.org}}
⚫
| year = {{release date and age|2012|11|09}}
| license = [[BSD licenses|BSD]]-2.<ref>https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/blob/master/LICENSE</ref>
⚫
| programming_language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
}}


'''Pony''' (sometimes referred to as '''ponylang''') is a [[Free software|free]] and [[open-source|open source]], object-oriented, [[actor model]], capabilities-secure, high performance programming language. Pony's reference capabilities allow even mutable data to be safely passed ''by reference'' between actors. Garbage collection is performed concurrently, per-actor, without the need to "stop the world".
Pony<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.infoq.com/presentations/pony|title=InfoQ: Using Pony for Fintech}}</ref> is an [[Actor model|actor]] based language designed by Sylvan Clebsch, with the initial implementation starting in 2012<ref name="pony-initial-commit>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/commit/0192983a0f73d2d490cc901b952534b2d27915dd|title=initial git commit for ponyc}}</ref>. One of the languages unique features is to make it a [[Race condition|race-free]] programming language via the use of reference capabilities<ref>{{cite web | url=http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2824816 |title=Deny capabilities for safe, fast actors |authors=Sylvan Clebsch, Sophia Drossopoulou, Sebastian Blessing, Andy McNeil |date=2015-10-26}}</ref> by the compiler<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc|title=github ponyc repository}}</ref> in order to enforce correct access to program state within the context of the natural high [[Concurrency_(computer_science)|concurrency]] supported by the [[Actor model|actor model]].

==Language design==
At its core, Pony is a systems language designed around safety and performance.
=== Safety ===
* Type Safety - Pony is a type safe language.<ref>https://www.ponylang.org/media/papers/fast-cheap.pdf</ref>
* Memory Safety - There are no dangling pointers and no buffer overruns. There is no null but optional types can be safely represented using unions with the None type.
* Exception Safety - There are no runtime exceptions. All exceptions have defined semantics and they are always caught.
* Concurrency Safety - The type system employs reference capabilities<ref>{{cite conference
| author = Sylvan Clebsch, Sophia Drossopoulou, Sebastian Blessing, Andy McNeil
| title = Deny capabilities for safe, fast actors
| book-title = AGERE! 2015: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Programming Based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control
| date = October 2015
| pages = 1-12
| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery
| location = Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| isbn = 9781450339018
| doi = 10.1145/2824815.2824816
| editor = Elisa Gonzalez Boix, Philipp Haller, Alessandro Ricci, Carlos Varela
}}</ref> to ensure (at compile time) that your program is free of data races and deadlocks.
=== Performance ===
* Lock-Free - By design, Pony avoids the need for traditional locking mechanisms, which eliminates the overhead and contention associated with locks.
* Native Code - Pony is an ahead-of-time (AOT) compiled language. There is no interpreter or virtual machine
* Concurrent Garbage Collection - Each actor's heap is collected separately and concurrently, avoiding the need to "stop the world" for global collection.

==Examples==
A few examples of idiomatic Pony follow.

===Hello World===
In Pony, instead of a main function, there is a main '''''actor'''''. The creation of this actor serves as the entry point into the Pony program.

<syntaxhighlight lang="pony">
actor Main
new create(env: Env) =>
env.out.print("Hello, world!")
</syntaxhighlight>

There are no global variables in Pony, everything must be contained within an instance of a class or an actor. As such, even the environment that allows for printing to '''stdout''' is passed as a parameter.


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==


* [http://www.ponylang.org Offical website]
* [http://www.ponylang.org Offical website]
* [https://medium.com/@KevinHoffman/composition-over-inheritance-in-pony-33bbe107914 Composition over Inheritance with Pony]
* [https://qconlondon.com/ln2017/presentation/pony-co-designing-type-system-and-run-time QCon London: Co-Designing a Type System and Runtime]
* [https://www.infoq.com/interviews/clebsch-pony InfoQ Interview: Sylvan Clebsch on the Actor-Model Language Pony, Garbage Collection, Capabilities, Concurrency]
* [https://www.infoq.com/interviews/clebsch-pony InfoQ Interview: Sylvan Clebsch on the Actor-Model Language Pony, Garbage Collection, Capabilities, Concurrency]
* [https://c7.se/from-go-to-pony/ From Go to Pony]
* [https://www.infoq.com/news/2016/03/pony-fintech InfoQ: Using the Actor-model Language Pony for FinTech]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvLjy8w1G_U Pony: Making it easy to write efficient, concurrent, data race free programs] at [http://curry-on.org/2015/sessions/pony-making-it-easier-to-write-efficient-concurrent-programs.html Curry On 2015] associated with [[ECOOP]] [http://2015.ecoop.org/ 2015]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvLjy8w1G_U Pony: Making it easy to write efficient, concurrent, data race free programs] at [http://curry-on.org/2015/sessions/pony-making-it-easier-to-write-efficient-concurrent-programs.html Curry On 2015] associated with [[ECOOP]] [http://2015.ecoop.org/ 2015]

⚫
== Pony (programming language) ==

Latest revision as of 01:36, 21 June 2024


Pony
ParadigmActor model, Object-oriented, Imperative
Designed bySylvan Clebsch
First appearedNovember 9, 2012; 12 years ago (2012-11-09)
Stable release
0.58.5 / June 1, 2024; 6 months ago (2024-06-01)
Typing disciplinestrong, static, inferred, nominal, structural
Implementation languageC
LicenseBSD-2.[1]
Websitewww.ponylang.org
Influenced by
E
Influenced
Encore, Project Verona[2], Savi, Inko

Pony (sometimes referred to as ponylang) is a free and open source, object-oriented, actor model, capabilities-secure, high performance programming language. Pony's reference capabilities allow even mutable data to be safely passed by reference between actors. Garbage collection is performed concurrently, per-actor, without the need to "stop the world".

Language design

[edit]

At its core, Pony is a systems language designed around safety and performance.

Safety

[edit]
  • Type Safety - Pony is a type safe language.[3]
  • Memory Safety - There are no dangling pointers and no buffer overruns. There is no null but optional types can be safely represented using unions with the None type.
  • Exception Safety - There are no runtime exceptions. All exceptions have defined semantics and they are always caught.
  • Concurrency Safety - The type system employs reference capabilities[4] to ensure (at compile time) that your program is free of data races and deadlocks.

Performance

[edit]
  • Lock-Free - By design, Pony avoids the need for traditional locking mechanisms, which eliminates the overhead and contention associated with locks.
  • Native Code - Pony is an ahead-of-time (AOT) compiled language. There is no interpreter or virtual machine
  • Concurrent Garbage Collection - Each actor's heap is collected separately and concurrently, avoiding the need to "stop the world" for global collection.

Examples

[edit]

A few examples of idiomatic Pony follow.

Hello World

[edit]

In Pony, instead of a main function, there is a main actor. The creation of this actor serves as the entry point into the Pony program. 

actor Main
  new create(env: Env) =>
    env.out.print("Hello, world!")

There are no global variables in Pony, everything must be contained within an instance of a class or an actor. As such, even the environment that allows for printing to stdout is passed as a parameter.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ https://github.com/ponylang/ponyc/blob/master/LICENSE
  2. ^ "Verona FAQ". Github.
  3. ^ https://www.ponylang.org/media/papers/fast-cheap.pdf
  4. ^ Sylvan Clebsch, Sophia Drossopoulou, Sebastian Blessing, Andy McNeil (October 2015). "Deny capabilities for safe, fast actors". In Elisa Gonzalez Boix, Philipp Haller, Alessandro Ricci, Carlos Varela (ed.). AGERE! 2015: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Programming Based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control. Pittsburgh, PA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 1–12. doi:10.1145/2824815.2824816. ISBN 9781450339018.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
[edit]
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