Jump to content

Lavender sculpin: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Tidy params; refine category
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
5,391,248 edits
Altered template type. Added bibcode. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Monotypic fish genera | #UCB_Category 185/677
 
(17 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| status = NE
⚫
| parent_authority = [[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1856
| status_system = iucn3.1
⚫
| taxon = Leiocottus hirundo
| image =
| image_caption =
| display_parents = 3
| authority = Girard, 1856
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Scorpaeniformes]]
| familia = [[Cottidae]]
| genus = '''''Leiocottus'''''
⚫
| genus_authority = [[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1856
| species = '''''L. hirundo'''''
⚫
| binomial = ''Leiocottus hirundo''
| binomial_authority = [[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1856
}}
}}
The '''lavender sculpin''' ('''''Leiocottus hirundo''''') is a species of marine [[ray-finned fish]] belonging to the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Cottidae]], the typical [[sculpin]]s. It is found in the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]].


==Taxonomy==
⚫
'''''Leiocottus hirundo''''', the '''lavender sculpin''', is a [[species]] of [[Cottidae|sculpin]], a nearshore benthic fish native to the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is found from southern [[California]], United States to northern [[Baja California]], Mexico. It lives from [[inshore]] waters to a depth of around {{convert|37|m|ft}}. This species grows to a length of {{convert|25|cm|in}} [[fish measurement|TL]].
The lavender sculpin was first formally [[Species description|described]] by the French ichthyologist [[Charles Frédéric Girard]] in 1556 with its [[Type locality (biology)|type locality[]] given as San Miguel Island near San Diego in California.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof genus|genus=Leiocottus|access-date=30 January 2023}}</ref> ''Leiocottus hirundo'' is the only member of its [[genus]]. However, phylogenetically it falls within the diversity of the genus ''[[Clinocottus]]''. It is a sister taxon to ''[[Clinocottus analis]]''.<ref name = B&L2015>{{cite journal | author1 =Thaddaeus J. Buser | author2 = J. Andrés López | year = 2015 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790315000627 | title = Molecular phylogenetics of sculpins of the subfamily Oligocottinae (Cottidae)] | journal =Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 86 | pages =64–74| doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.006 | pmid = 25791911 | bibcode = 2015MolPE..86...64B }}</ref> The 5th edition of ''[[Fishes of the World]]'' classifies the genus ''Leiocottus'' within the [[subfamily]] [[Cottinae]] of the family Cottidae,<ref name = Nelson5>{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |author1=J. S. Nelson |author2=T. C. Grande |author3=M. V. H. Wilson |year=2016 |pages= 467–495 |publisher=Wiley |isbn= 978-1-118-34233-6 |url=https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ }}</ref> however, other authors classify the genus within the subfamily [[Psychrolutinae]] of the family [[Psychrolutidae]].<ref name = CofF2>{{Cof family|family=Psychrolutinae|access-date=30 January 2023}}</ref>


==Etymology==
''Leiocottus hirundo'' is the only member of its [[genus]]. However, phylogenetically it falls within the diversity of the genus ''[[Clinocottus]]''. It is a sister taxon to ''[[Clinocottus analis]]''.<ref>Thaddaeus J. Busera, J. Andrés López (2015) [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790315000627 Molecular phylogenetics of sculpins of the subfamily Oligocottinae (Cottidae)]. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 86, 64–74.</ref>
The lavender sculpin's genus name, ''Leiocottus'', is a combination of ''leios'' meaning "smooth" with ''[[Cottus (fish)|Cottus]]'', the [[type genus]] of the family Cottidae. This is a reference to the smooth skin of this fish with no prickles or scales. The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name]] ''hirundo'' is Latin for a [[swallow]] and is a reference to the similarity to ''[[Chelidonichthys lucerna]]'' Girard perceived in this species.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite news | url = https://etyfish.org/perciformes20/ | title = Order Perciformes: Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Cottales: Family Cottidae (Sculpins) | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | editor1= Christopher Scharpf | editor2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp |date = 22 October 2022 | access-date = 30 January 2023 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>

==Description==
The lavender sculpin has [[dorsal fin]]s which are supported by 9 or 10 spines and 16 or 17 soft rays while the [[anal fin]] has between 14 and 16 soft rays. The [[pelvic fin]]s each have a single spine and 3 rays. The color is olive-green, brown, orange-brown or lavender with four saddle-like blotches along the back of the rear of the body and there are four brown bars on the lips.<ref name = L&K>{{cite book | editor1 = Milton S Love | editor2 = Julianne Kalman Passarelli | name-list-style = and | year = 2020 | title = Miller and Lea's Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California | edition = 2 | publisher = UCANR Publications | isbn = 978-1627111256}}</ref> This species grows to a maximum published [[total length]] of {{cvt|25|cm}}.<ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Leiocottus|hirundo|month=August|year=2022}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
⚫
The lavender sculpin is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from southern [[California]], United States to northern [[Baja California]], Mexico. It lives from [[inshore]] waters to a depth of around {{convert|37|m|ft}}.<ref name = Fishbase/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{FishBase species |genus= Leiocottus|species= hirundo| month = December | year = 2012}}
{{reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q1972097}}
⚫
[[Category:Cottidae]]

⚫
[[Category:Cottinae]]
[[Category:Monotypic fish genera]]
[[Category:Monotypic fish genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1856]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1856]]


{{Scorpaeniformes-stub}}

Latest revision as of 05:05, 23 June 2024

Lavender sculpin
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Cottidae
Subfamily: Cottinae
Genus: Leiocottus
Girard, 1856
Species:
L. hirundo
Binomial name
Leiocottus hirundo
Girard, 1856

The lavender sculpin (Leiocottus hirundo) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. It is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Taxonomy

[edit]

The lavender sculpin was first formally described by the French ichthyologist Charles Frédéric Girard in 1556 with its type locality[ given as San Miguel Island near San Diego in California.[1] Leiocottus hirundo is the only member of its genus. However, phylogenetically it falls within the diversity of the genus Clinocottus. It is a sister taxon to Clinocottus analis.[2] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the genus Leiocottus within the subfamily Cottinae of the family Cottidae,[3] however, other authors classify the genus within the subfamily Psychrolutinae of the family Psychrolutidae.[4]

Etymology

[edit]

The lavender sculpin's genus name, Leiocottus, is a combination of leios meaning "smooth" with Cottus, the type genus of the family Cottidae. This is a reference to the smooth skin of this fish with no prickles or scales. The specific name hirundo is Latin for a swallow and is a reference to the similarity to Chelidonichthys lucerna Girard perceived in this species.[5]

Description

[edit]

The lavender sculpin has dorsal fins which are supported by 9 or 10 spines and 16 or 17 soft rays while the anal fin has between 14 and 16 soft rays. The pelvic fins each have a single spine and 3 rays. The color is olive-green, brown, orange-brown or lavender with four saddle-like blotches along the back of the rear of the body and there are four brown bars on the lips.[6] This species grows to a maximum published total length of 25 cm (9.8 in).[7]

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

The lavender sculpin is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from southern California, United States to northern Baja California, Mexico. It lives from inshore waters to a depth of around 37 metres (121 ft).[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Leiocottus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  2. ^ Thaddaeus J. Buser; J. Andrés López (2015). "Molecular phylogenetics of sculpins of the subfamily Oligocottinae (Cottidae)]". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 86: 64–74. Bibcode:2015MolPE..86...64B. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.006. PMID 25791911.
  3. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Psychrolutinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  5. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (22 October 2022). "Order Perciformes: Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Cottales: Family Cottidae (Sculpins)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  6. ^ Milton S Love and Julianne Kalman Passarelli, eds. (2020). Miller and Lea's Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California (2 ed.). UCANR Publications. ISBN 978-1627111256.
  7. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Leiocottus hirundo". FishBase. August 2022 version.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Lavender_sculpin&oldid=1230515280"