German submarine U-865: Difference between revisions

History
Nazi Germany
Name	U-865
Ordered	25 August 1941
Builder	DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen
Yard number	1073
Laid down	5 January 1943
Launched	12 July 1943
Commissioned	25 October 1943
Fate	Missing since 9 September 1944
General characteristics
Class and type	Type IXC/40 submarine
Displacement	1,144 t (1,126 long tons) surfaced; 1,257 t (1,237 long tons) submerged;
Length	76.76 m (251 ft 10 in) o/a; 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in) pressure hull;
Beam	6.86 m (22 ft 6 in) o/a 4.44 m (14 ft 7 in) pressure hull
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.67 m (15 ft 4 in)
Installed power	4,400 PS (3,200 kW; 4,300 bhp) (diesels); 1,000 PS (740 kW; 990 shp) (electric);
Propulsion	2 shafts; 2 × diesel engines; 2 × electric motors;
Speed	18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) surfaced; 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) submerged;
Range	13,850 nmi (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced; 63 nmi (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged;
Test depth	230 m (750 ft)
Complement	4 officers, 44 enlisted
Armament	6 × torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern); 22 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedoes; 1 × 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK C/32 deck gun (180 rounds); 1 × 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 AA gun; 2 x twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 AA guns;
Service record
Part of:	4th U-boat Flotilla; 25 October 1943 – 30 June 1944; 10th U-boat Flotilla; 1 July – 19 September 1944;
Identification codes:	M 53 961
Commanders:	Oblt.z.S. Dietrich Stellmacher; 25 October 1943 – September 1944;
Operations:	1 patrol:; 8 – 9 September 1944;
Victories:	None

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German submarine U-865 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during the Second World War. She was laid down in Bremen, Germany on 5 January 1943, and launched on 12 July 1943.

Design

German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-865 had a displacement of 1,144 tonnes (1,126 long tons) when at the surface and 1,257 tonnes (1,237 long tons) while submerged.^[1] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).^[1]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).^[1] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,850 nautical miles (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-865 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 as well as two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.^[1]

Service history

She had one commander, Oberleutnant zur See Dietrich Stellmacher, for her two patrols.^[2] She had a crew complement of 59.

She did not sink any shipping on her two patrols, and went missing after leaving Trondheim in Norway on 9 September 1944, with all hands lost.

In late June/ early July 1944, she was attacked by an RAF B-24 Liberator, which did some damage to her, however she in turn did some damage to the attacking aircraft with the submarine's flak gun, setting the aircraft on fire. Both the U-boat and aircraft were forced to return to their respective bases.^[3] ^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Gröner 1991, p. 68.
^ Dietrich Stellmacher on Helgason, Guðmundur. "Dietrich Stellmacher". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-865". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ "U-boat Archive - BDU KTB PG30350". Retrieved 11 April 2017.

Bibliography

Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945] (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
Gröner, Eric; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.

External links

Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-865". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 2 February 2015.

[FOOTNOTEGröner199168-1] Gröner 1991, p. 68.

[2] Dietrich Stellmacher on Helgason, Guðmundur. "Dietrich Stellmacher". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

[3] Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-865". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

[4] "U-boat Archive - BDU KTB PG30350". Retrieved 11 April 2017.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|German World War II submarine}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
 {|{{Infobox ship begin}}
 {{Infobox ship career
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 |Ship motto=
 |Ship nickname=
-|Ship status=Missing since 9 September 1944
+|Ship fate=Missing since 9 September 1944
 |Ship notes=
 |Ship badge=
@@ Line 28: / Line 29: @@
 |Ship class=[[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC/40|Type IXC/40]] [[submarine]]
 |Ship displacement=
-*{{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced
+*{{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on|lk=on}} surfaced
 *{{convert|1257|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
 |Ship length=
@@ Line 47: / Line 48: @@
 *{{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
 |Ship range=
-*{{convert|13,850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
+*{{convert|13850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
 *{{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
 |Ship test depth={{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}}
@@ Line 53: / Line 54: @@
 |Ship armament=*6 × [[torpedo tube]]s (4 bow, 2 stern)
 *22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo]]es
-*1 × [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32]] [[deck gun]] (180 rounds)
+*1 × [[10.5&nbsp;cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32]] [[deck gun]] (180 rounds)
-*1 × [[3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] AA gun
+*1 × [[3.7&nbsp;cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] AA gun
 *2 x twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|{{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30]] AA guns
 |Ship notes=
@@ Line 66: / Line 67: @@
 *[[10th U-boat Flotilla]]
 *1 July – 19 September 1944
-|codes=
+|codes=M 53 961
 |commanders=
 *''[[Oblt.z.S.]]'' Dietrich Stellmacher
@@ Line 81: / Line 82: @@
 [[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC/40|German Type IXC/40 submarines]] were slightly larger than the original [[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC|Type IXC]]s. ''U-865'' had a displacement of {{convert|1144|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1257|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The U-boat had a total length of {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a [[pressure hull]] length of {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a [[draught (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two [[MAN SE|MAN]] M 9 V 40/46 [[supercharged]] four-stroke, nine-cylinder [[diesel engine]]s producing a total of {{convert|4400|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two [[Siemens-Schuckert]] 2 GU 345/34 [[Motor–generator|double-acting electric motors]] producing a total of {{convert|1000|shp|PS kW|-1}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.92|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} [[propeller]]s. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}
-The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13850|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. ''U-865'' was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 [[torpedo]]es, one [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun]], 180 rounds, and a [[3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] as well as two twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|{{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30]] anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a [[Ship's company|complement]] of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}
+The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13850|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. ''U-865'' was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 [[torpedo]]es, one [[10.5&nbsp;cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun]], 180 rounds, and a [[3.7&nbsp;cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] as well as two twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|{{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30]] anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a [[Ship's company|complement]] of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}
 ==Service history==
@@ Line 89: / Line 90: @@
  |last=Helgason
  |first=Guðmundur
- |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
+ |website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
  |access-date=7 December 2014
 }}</ref> She had a crew complement of 59.
@@ Line 100: / Line 101: @@
  |last=Helgason
  |first=Guðmundur
- |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
+ |website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
  |access-date=7 December 2014
 }}</ref>
@@ Line 117: / Line 118: @@
 {{Refbegin}}
 *{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 }}
+*{{cite book |last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |date=1999|volume=IV |publisher=Mittler|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vXKwAAAAIAAJ |language=de}}
-*{{cite book
+*{{cite book |last1=Gröner |first1=Eric |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas|translator-first1=Keith|translator-last2=Magowan|translator-first2=Rachel |title=German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |date=1991 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |volume=2 |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Udg-0AEACAAJ|ref=CITEREFGröner1991}}
-|last1=Busch
-|first1=Rainer
-|last2=Röll
-|first2=Hans-Joachim
-|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945
-|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945
-|work=Der U-Boot-Krieg
-|volume=IV
-|publisher=Mittler
-|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn
-|year=1999
-|isbn=3-8132-0514-2
-|language=de
-}}
-*{{cite book
-|last1=Gröner
-|first1=Erich
-|last2=Jung
-|first2=Dieter
-|last3=Maass
-|first3=Martin
-|translator-last1=Thomas
-|translator-first1=Keith
-|translator-last2=Magowan
-|translator-first2=Rachel
-|year=1991
-|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels
-|volume=2
-|work=German Warships 1815–1945
-|location=London
-|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
-|isbn=0-85177-593-4
-|ref=CITEREFGröner1991
-}}
 {{Refend}}
@@ Line 162: / Line 129: @@
  |last=Helgason
  |first=Guðmundur
- |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
+ |website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
  |access-date=2 February 2015
 }}
@@ Line 168: / Line 135: @@
 {{German Type IXC/40 submarines}}
 {{September 1944 shipwrecks}}
-{{Subject bar
-| portal1=Military of Germany
-| portal2=World War II
-}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:U0865}}

v t e German Type IXC/40 submarines
U-167 U-168 U-169 U-170 U-183 U-184 U-185 U-186 U-187 U-188 U-189 U-190 U-191 U-192 U-193 U-194 U-525 U-526 U-527 U-528 U-529 U-530 U-531 U-532 U-533 U-534 U-535 U-536 U-537 U-538 U-539 U-540 U-541 U-542 U-543 U-544 U-545 U-546 U-547 U-548 U-549 U-550 U-801 U-802 U-803 U-804 U-805 U-806 U-841 U-842 U-843 U-844 U-845 U-846 U-853 U-854 U-855 U-856 U-857 U-858 U-865 U-866 U-867 U-868 U-869 U-870 U-877 U-878 U-879 U-880 U-881 U-889 U-1221 U-1222 U-1223 U-1224 U-1225 U-1226 U-1227 U-1228 U-1229 U-1230 U-1231 U-1232 U-1233 U-1234 U-1235
Preceded by: Type IXC Followed by: Type IXD
List of U-boats of Germany

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in September 1944
Shipwrecks	1 Sep: HMS Hurst Castle, Kehdingen, U-247 2 Sep: Empire Curzon, U-394 5 Sep: U-362 7 Sep: Shinyō Maru, (incident), Westfalen 8 Sep: Rex 9 Sep: Sava, U-484 10 Sep: U-20, U-23 11 Sep: Giulio Cesare, U-19 12 Sep: Korei Maru, Nankai Maru, USS Noa, Rakuyō Maru, Shikinami 13 Sep: USS Perry, USS Warrington 14 Sep: Irene Oldendorff 16 Sep: I-364 17 Sep: Un'yō 18 Sep: Dr. Heinrich Wiegand, Gyōkū Maru, Jun'yō Maru 19 Sep: Isoshima;U-407, U-867 21 Sep: China Maru, Hōfuku Maru, Katsuriki, Noshiro Maru, Satsuki 22 Sep: Drache 23 Sep: Taranto, U-859 24 Sep: Akitsushima, Siberia Maru, T-120, Yaeyama 25 Sep: USS Miantonomah 26 Sep: Aotaka, Ro-47, Saga, U-871 27 Sep: HMS Rockingham, Ural Maru 28 Sep: Dragoner 29 Sep: U-863 30 Sep: U-565, U-596, U-1062 Unknown date: U-703, U-855, U-865, U-921
Other incidents	8–9 Sep: Yu 3001 12 Sep: USS Fullam 13 Sep: USS Segundo 14 Sep: USS Natchez, USS Temptress 15 Sep: Tirpitz 19 Sep: Jingei, U-565 24 Sep: U-565, U-596 26 Sep: Don Marquis Unknown date: Schwabenland
1943 1944 1945 August 1944 October 1944