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{{Short description|German World War II submarine}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Ship country= {{nowrap|[[Nazi Germany]]}}
|Ship country=[[Nazi Germany]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Nazi Germany|naval}}
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Nazi Germany|naval}}
|Ship name=''U-865''
|Ship name=''U-865''
|Ship namesake=
|Ship namesake=
|Ship owner=
|Ship operator=
|Ship ordered=25 August 1941
|Ship ordered=25 August 1941
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[DeSchiMAG]] [[AG Weser]], [[Bremen]]
|Ship builder=[[DeSchiMAG]] [[AG Weser]], [[Bremen]]
|Ship original cost=
|Ship original cost=
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|Ship laid down=5 January 1943
|Ship laid down=5 January 1943
|Ship launched= 12 July 1943
|Ship launched= 12 July 1943
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=25 October 1943
|Ship commissioned=25 October 1943
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship maiden voyage=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship identification=
|Ship identification=
|Ship motto=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship fate=Missing since 9 September 1944
|Ship honours=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=Sank due to unknown causes after 9 September 1944
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
|Ship badge=
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{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Header caption={{sfn|Gröner|p=105-7}}
|Header caption=
|Ship type= [[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC/40|Type IXC/40]] [[submarine]]
|Ship class=[[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC/40|Type IXC/40]] [[submarine]]
|Ship displacement= {{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced<br /> {{convert|1257|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship displacement=
*{{convert|1144|t|LT|abbr=on|lk=on}} surfaced
*{{convert|1257|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship length={{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|o/a]]<br /> {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[pressure hull]]
|Ship length=
*{{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[o/a]]
*{{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[pressure hull]]
|Ship beam= {{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a {{convert|4.44|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
|Ship beam={{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a {{convert|4.44|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull
|Ship height= {{convert|9.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship height={{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft= {{convert|4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion= 2&nbsp;×&nbsp;[[MAN SE|MAN]] M&nbsp;9&nbsp;V&nbsp;40/46 [[supercharged]] 9-cylinder [[diesel engine]]s, {{convert|4400|hp|0|abbr=on}}<br /> 2&nbsp;×&nbsp;[[Siemens-Schuckert|SSW]] GU&nbsp;345/34 [[Modyn|double-acting electric motor]]s, {{convert|1000|hp|0|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed= {{convert|19|kn}} surfaced<br />{{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
*{{convert|4400|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels)
*{{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1|abbr=on}} (electric)
|Ship range= {{convert|13850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced<br />{{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship test depth= {{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}}
*2 shafts
|Ship complement= 4 officers, 44 enlisted
*2 × [[diesel engine]]s
|Ship armament={{plainlist|
*2 × [[Motor-generator|electric motors]]
*6&nbsp;×&nbsp;[[torpedo tube]]s (four bow, two stern)
|Ship speed=
*22&nbsp;×&nbsp;{{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedoes
*{{convert|18.3|kn}} surfaced
*1&nbsp;×&nbsp;[[10.5 cm SK L/45 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} SK L/45 deck gun]] (240 - 150 rounds)
*{{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged
*[[anti-aircraft gun]]s
|Ship range=
}}
*{{convert|13850|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
*{{convert|63|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged
|Ship test depth={{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship complement=4 officers, 44 enlisted
|Ship armament=*6 × [[torpedo tube]]s (4 bow, 2 stern)
*22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo]]es
*1 × [[10.5&nbsp;cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32]] [[deck gun]] (180 rounds)
*1 × [[3.7&nbsp;cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] AA gun
*2 x twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|{{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30]] AA guns
|Ship notes=
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox service record
|is_ship=yes
|label=
|partof=
*[[4th U-boat Flotilla]]
*25 October 1943 – 30 June 1944
*[[10th U-boat Flotilla]]
*1 July – 19 September 1944
|codes=M 53 961
|commanders=
*''[[Oblt.z.S.]]'' Dietrich Stellmacher
*25 October 1943 – September 1944
|operations=*1 patrol:
*8 – 9 September 1944
|victories=None
}}
}}
|}
|}


'''German submarine ''U-865''''' was a [[German Type IX submarine|Type IXC/40]] [[U-boat]] of [[Nazi Germany]]'s ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' built for service during the [[Second World War]]. She was laid down in [[Bremen]], Germany on 5 January 1943, and launched on 12 July 1943.
'''German submarine ''U-865''''' was a [[German Type IX submarine|Type IXC/40]] [[U-boat]] of [[Nazi Germany]]'s ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' built for service during the [[Second World War]]. She was [[Keel laying|laid down]] in [[Bremen]], Germany on 5 January 1943, and [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 12 July 1943.


==Design==
She had one commander, ''[[Oberleutnant zur See]]'' Dietrich Stellmacher, for her two patrols.<ref>Dietrich Stellmacher on [http://uboat.net/men/commanders/1228.html uboat.net]</ref><ref>[http://www.ubootwaffe.net/ops/boat.cgi?boat=865]{{dead link|date=June 2014}}</ref> She had a crew complement of 59.
[[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC/40|German Type IXC/40 submarines]] were slightly larger than the original [[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC|Type IXC]]s. ''U-865'' had a displacement of {{convert|1144|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1257|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} The U-boat had a total length of {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a [[pressure hull]] length of {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|6.86|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a [[draught (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|4.67|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two [[MAN SE|MAN]] M 9 V 40/46 [[supercharged]] four-stroke, nine-cylinder [[diesel engine]]s producing a total of {{convert|4400|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two [[Siemens-Schuckert]] 2 GU 345/34 [[Motor–generator|double-acting electric motors]] producing a total of {{convert|1000|shp|PS kW|-1}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.92|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} [[propeller]]s. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}


The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|18.3|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.3|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|63|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|13850|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. ''U-865'' was fitted with six {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 [[torpedo]]es, one [[10.5&nbsp;cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/32 naval gun]], 180 rounds, and a [[3.7&nbsp;cm Flak 18/36/37/43|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|abbr=on}} Flak M42]] as well as two twin [[2 cm FlaK 30|{{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30]] anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a [[Ship's company|complement]] of forty-eight.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=68}}
She did not sink any shipping on her two patrols, and went missing after leaving [[Trondheim]] in [[Norway]] on 9 September 1944, with all hands lost.


==Service history==
In late June/ early July, 1944, she was attacked by an [[RAF]] [[B-24 Liberator]], which did some damage to her, however she in turn did some damage to the attacking aircraft with the submarine's flak gun, setting the aircraft on fire. Both the U-boat and aircraft were forced to return to their respective bases.<ref>[http://uboat.net/boats/u865.htm The Type IXC/40 boat U-865 - German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>F.d.U./B.d.U.'S War Log1 - 15 July 1944, p 412 http://www.uboatarchive.net/BDUKTB30350.htm</ref>
She had one commander, ''[[Oberleutnant zur See]]'' Dietrich Stellmacher, for her two patrols.<ref>Dietrich Stellmacher on {{cite web
|url=http://uboat.net/men/commanders/1228.html
|title=Dietrich Stellmacher
|last=Helgason
|first=Guðmundur
|website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
|access-date=7 December 2014
}}</ref> She had a crew complement of 59.

She did not sink any shipping on her two patrols, and went missing after leaving [[Trondheim]] in Norway on 9 September 1944, with all hands lost.

In late June/ early July 1944, she was attacked by an [[RAF]] [[B-24 Liberator]], which did some damage to her, however she in turn did some damage to the attacking aircraft with the submarine's flak gun, setting the aircraft on fire. Both the U-boat and aircraft were forced to return to their respective bases.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u865.htm
|title=The Type IXC/40 boat U-865
|last=Helgason
|first=Guðmundur
|website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
|access-date=7 December 2014
}}</ref>
<ref>
{{cite web
| title = U-boat Archive - BDU KTB PG30350
| url = http://www.uboatarchive.net/BDU/BDUKTB30350.htm
| access-date = 2017-04-11
}}
</ref>


==References==
==References==
;Notes
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

;Bibliography
==Bibliography==
*{{cite book
{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch
*{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 }}
|first1=Rainer
*{{cite book |last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |date=1999|volume=IV |publisher=Mittler|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vXKwAAAAIAAJ |language=de}}
|last2=Röll
*{{cite book |last1=Gröner |first1=Eric |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas|translator-first1=Keith|translator-last2=Magowan|translator-first2=Rachel |title=German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |date=1991 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |volume=2 |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Udg-0AEACAAJ|ref=CITEREFGröner1991}}
|first2=Hans-Joachim

|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945
{{Refend}}
|work=Der U-Boot-Krieg

|volume=IV
==External links==
|publisher=Mittler
*{{Cite web
|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u865.htm
|year=1999
|title=The Type IXC/40 boat U-865
|isbn=3-8132-0514-2
|last=Helgason
|language=German
|first=Guðmundur
|ref=harv
|website=German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net
}}
|access-date=2 February 2015
*{{cite book
|last=Gröner
|first=Erich
|title=U-Boote, Hilfskreuzer, Minenschiffe, Netzleger, Sperrbrecher
|work=Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe 1815-1945
|volume=III
|publisher=[[Bernard & Graefe]]
|location=Koblenz
|year=1985
|isbn=3-7637-4802-4
|language=German
|ref=harv
}}
}}

{{German Type IXC/40 submarines}}
{{German Type IXC/40 submarines}}
{{September 1944 shipwrecks}}
{{Italic title prefixed|16}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:U0865}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:U0865}}
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[[Category:Ships built in Bremen (state)]]
[[Category:Ships built in Bremen (state)]]
[[Category:U-boats sunk in 1944]]
[[Category:U-boats sunk in 1944]]
[[Category:Ships lost with all hands]]
[[Category:Missing U-boats of World War II]]
[[Category:U-boats sunk by unknown causes]]
[[Category:U-boats sunk by unknown causes]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in September 1944]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}

Latest revision as of 05:48, 27 June 2024

History
Nazi Germany
NameU-865
Ordered25 August 1941
BuilderDeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen
Yard number1073
Laid down5 January 1943
Launched12 July 1943
Commissioned25 October 1943
FateMissing since 9 September 1944
General characteristics
Class and typeType IXC/40 submarine
Displacement
  • 1,144 t (1,126 long tons) surfaced
  • 1,257 t (1,237 long tons) submerged
Length
Beam6.86 m (22 ft 6 in) o/a 4.44 m (14 ft 7 in) pressure hull
Height9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught4.67 m (15 ft 4 in)
Installed power
  • 4,400 PS (3,200 kW; 4,300 bhp) (diesels)
  • 1,000 PS (740 kW; 990 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) surfaced
  • 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) submerged
Range
  • 13,850 nmi (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 63 nmi (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth230 m (750 ft)
Complement4 officers, 44 enlisted
Armament
Service record
Part of:
Identification codes: M 53 961
Commanders:
  • Oblt.z.S. Dietrich Stellmacher
  • 25 October 1943 – September 1944
Operations:
  • 1 patrol:
  • 8 – 9 September 1944
Victories: None

German submarine U-865 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during the Second World War. She was laid down in Bremen, Germany on 5 January 1943, and launched on 12 July 1943.

Design

[edit]

German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-865 had a displacement of 1,144 tonnes (1,126 long tons) when at the surface and 1,257 tonnes (1,237 long tons) while submerged.[1] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.67 m (15 ft 4 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[1]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).[1] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,850 nautical miles (25,650 km; 15,940 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-865 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Flak M42 as well as two twin 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.[1]

Service history

[edit]

She had one commander, Oberleutnant zur See Dietrich Stellmacher, for her two patrols.[2] She had a crew complement of 59.

She did not sink any shipping on her two patrols, and went missing after leaving Trondheim in Norway on 9 September 1944, with all hands lost.

In late June/ early July 1944, she was attacked by an RAF B-24 Liberator, which did some damage to her, however she in turn did some damage to the attacking aircraft with the submarine's flak gun, setting the aircraft on fire. Both the U-boat and aircraft were forced to return to their respective bases.[3] [4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, p. 68.
  2. ^ Dietrich Stellmacher on Helgason, Guðmundur. "Dietrich Stellmacher". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  3. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC/40 boat U-865". German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  4. ^ "U-boat Archive - BDU KTB PG30350". Retrieved 11 April 2017.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
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