Tongwe language: Difference between revisions
Appearance
Content deleted Content added
→References: Added link to Bende wordlist Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
m v2.05b - Bot T20 CW#61 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference before punctuation) |
||
(2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
'''Tongwe''' (''Sitongwe'') and '''Bende''' (''Sibende'') constitute a clade of [[Bantu language]]s coded Zone F.10 in Guthrie's classification. According to Nurse & Philippson (2003),<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Nurse |editor1-first=Derek |editor2-last=Philippson |editor2-first=Gérard |title=The Bantu languages |date=2003 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9780700711345}}</ref> they form a valid node. Indeed, at 90% lexical similarity they may be dialects of a single language. |
'''Tongwe''' (''Sitongwe'') and '''Bende''' (''Sibende'') constitute a clade of [[Bantu language]]s coded Zone F.10 in Guthrie's classification. According to Nurse & Philippson (2003),<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Nurse |editor1-first=Derek |editor2-last=Philippson |editor2-first=Gérard |title=The Bantu languages |date=2003 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9780700711345}}</ref> they form a valid node. Indeed, at 90% lexical similarity they may be dialects of a single language. |
||
==Phonology== |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|||
|+Consonants<ref name=abe06>{{Cite journal |last=Abe |first=Yuko |date=2006 |title=A Bende Vocabulary |journal=Bantu Vocabulary Series |publisher=Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies |issue=13}}</ref> |
|||
! |
|||
![[Labial consonant|Labial]] |
|||
![[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] |
|||
![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] |
|||
![[Velar consonant|Velar]] |
|||
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Plosive]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|p}} {{IPA link|b}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|t}} {{IPA link|d}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|c}} {{IPA link|ɟ}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|k}} {{IPA link|g}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Fricative]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|f}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|s}} {{IPA link|z}} |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|{{IPA link|h}} |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|m}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|n}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|ɲ}} |
|||
|{{IPA link|ŋ}} |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Approximant]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|w}} |
|||
| |
|||
|{{IPA link|j}} |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|} |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|||
|+Vowels<ref name=abe06/> |
|||
! |
|||
![[Front vowel|Front]] |
|||
![[Central vowel|Central]] |
|||
![[Back vowel|Back]] |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Close vowel|High]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|iː}} |
|||
| |
|||
|{{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|uː}} |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Mid vowel|Mid]] |
|||
|{{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|eː}} |
|||
| |
|||
|{{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|oː}} |
|||
|- |
|||
![[Open vowel|Low]] |
|||
| |
|||
|{{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|ã}} {{IPA link|aː}} |
|||
| |
|||
|} |
|||
Additionally, Bende has four [[Tone (linguistics)|tones]];<ref name=abe06/> high, low, rising, and falling. |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
Line 33: | Line 94: | ||
<ref>[https://clics.clld.org/languages/tls-Bende Bende Wordlist]</ref> |
<ref>[https://clics.clld.org/languages/tls-Bende Bende Wordlist]</ref> |
||
{{Narrow Bantu languages |
{{Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)}} |
||
[[Category:Bantu languages]] |
[[Category:Bantu languages]] |
Latest revision as of 07:42, 28 June 2024
Tongwe | |
---|---|
Bende | |
Native to | Tanzania |
Native speakers | (40,000 cited 1999–2001)[1] |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:tny – Tongwebdp – Bende |
Glottolog | tong1320 Tongwebend1258 Bende |
F.10 (F.11–12) [2] | |
ELP | Bende |
Tongwe (Sitongwe) and Bende (Sibende) constitute a clade of Bantu languages coded Zone F.10 in Guthrie's classification. According to Nurse & Philippson (2003),[3] they form a valid node. Indeed, at 90% lexical similarity they may be dialects of a single language.
Phonology
[edit]Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t d | c ɟ | k g | |
Fricative | f | s z | h | ||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
Approximant | w | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | u uː | |
Mid | e eː | o oː | |
Low | a ã aː |
Additionally, Bende has four tones;[4] high, low, rising, and falling.
References
[edit]- ^ Tongwe at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Bende at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ^ Nurse, Derek; Philippson, Gérard, eds. (2003). The Bantu languages. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780700711345.
- ^ a b c Abe, Yuko (2006). "A Bende Vocabulary". Bantu Vocabulary Series (13). Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.