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Coordinates: 55°08′12″N 15°08′35″E / 55.13667°N 15.14306°E / 55.13667; 15.14306
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| population_as_of = 2024
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| population_urban = 1102
| population_urban = 1091
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'''Svaneke''' (''Swencke'' in 1410, from old Danish ''swan'' swan and ''*wīka'' inlet) is a small town on the eastern coast of the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] island of [[Bornholm]], [[Denmark]]. It lies mainly in Svaneke parish and partly in Ibsker parish.
'''Svaneke''' (''Swencke'' in 1410, from old Danish ''swan'' swan and ''*wīka'' inlet) is a small town on the eastern coast of the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] island of [[Bornholm]], [[Denmark]]. It lies mainly in Svaneke parish and partly in Ibsker parish.


It is Denmark's easternmost and until few years ago the smallest and now the second smallest (only [[Ærøskøbing]] is smaller) [[city charter|chartered town]] with a population of 1,102 as of 1 January 2021.<ref>[https://m.statbank.dk/TableInfo/BY3?lang=en BY3: Population 1st January by urban areas, area and population density] The Mobil Statbank from [[Statistics Denmark]]</ref>
It is Denmark's easternmost town. It is also the second smallest [[city charter|chartered town]] in Denmark, with a population of 1,091 as of 1 January 2024. Only [[Ærøskøbing]] is smaller. <ref>[https://m.statbank.dk/TableInfo/BY3?lang=en BY3: Population 1st January by urban areas, area and population density] The Mobil Statbank from [[Statistics Denmark]]</ref>


==History==
==History==
Svaneke probably dates back to the 13th century when herring fishing was practiced along Bornholm's east coast. The precise date at which it was granted the status of market town is not known but it was no doubt at the beginning of the 16th century as by 1543 it had a mayor and a municipal council.<ref name="byhistorie">[http://dendigitalebyport.byhistorie.dk/koebstaeder/by.aspx?koebstadID=60 "Danmarks Købstæder: Svaneke"]. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref> In 1610, almost half the town was destroyed by fire. During the brief period of February 26, 1658 - May 27, 1660 Svaneke, together with the rest of Bornholm, was part of the [[Swedish Empire]]. In 1801, the population was still only 663 but this figure doubled in the 19th century as the new harbour (1816) provided enhanced opportunities for shipbuilding.<ref name="denstoredanske">[http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Bornholm/Svaneke "Svaneke"], ''Den store Danske''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref>
Svaneke probably dates back to the 13th century when herring fishing was practiced along Bornholm's east coast. The precise date at which it was granted the market town status is unknown but it was no doubt at the beginning of the 16th century as by 1543 it had a mayor and a municipal council.<ref name="byhistorie">[http://dendigitalebyport.byhistorie.dk/koebstaeder/by.aspx?koebstadID=60 "Danmarks Købstæder: Svaneke"]. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref> In 1610, almost half the town was destroyed by fire. During the brief period of February 26, 1658 - May 27, 1660, Svaneke, together with the rest of Bornholm, was part of the [[Swedish Empire]]. In 1801, the population was still only 663 but this figure doubled in the 19th century as the new harbour (1816) provided enhanced opportunities for shipbuilding.<ref name="denstoredanske">[http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Bornholm/Svaneke "Svaneke"], ''Den store Danske''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref>


It was in the 18th and 19th centuries that trade and shipbuilding expanded in Svaneke, resulting in the construction of the fine merchants' houses which still line the harbour. Unlike many of the other towns on Bornholm, Svaneke escaped modernization following the opening of the island's railways at the beginning of the 20th century. Its old-world look was further protected towards the end of the century by "The Friends of Svaneke" who prevented inappropriate renovation work.<ref>[http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/644we.aspx?langId=2 "History/Facts about Svaneke"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120723084150/http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/644we.aspx?langId=2 |date=23 July 2012 }}, ''Bornholminfo.dk''. Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref>
It was in the 18th and 19th centuries that trade and shipbuilding expanded in Svaneke, resulting in the construction of the fine merchants' houses which still line the harbour. Unlike many of the other towns in Bornholm, Svaneke escaped modernization following the opening of the island's railways at the beginning of the 20th century. Its old-world look was further protected towards the end of the century by "The Friends of Svaneke" who prevented inappropriate renovation work.<ref>[http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/644we.aspx?langId=2 "History/Facts about Svaneke"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120723084150/http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/644we.aspx?langId=2 |date=23 July 2012 }}, ''Bornholminfo.dk''. Retrieved 7 May 2010.</ref>


==Tourism==
==Tourism==
Svaneke owes its current prosperity to tourism, thanks to the well-preserved town centre that earned it the European Architectural Heritage Gold Medal in 1975.<ref name="byhistorie"/> Red-roofed, yellow lime-washed, half-timbered houses line the narrow streets, which wind down to the harbour and up to the church. The town is also a centre for arts and crafts such as [[glassblowing]] and [[ceramics (art)|ceramics]]. There are also a few small sweet factories and a miniature [[brewery]].<ref name="bornholminfo-svaneke">[http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/633we.aspx?langId=2 Explore Svaneke−impressive beauty]{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}, [Bornholminfo.dk]</ref>
Svaneke owes its current prosperity to tourism, thanks to the well-preserved town centre that earned it the European Architectural Heritage Gold Medal in 1975.<ref name="byhistorie"/> Red-roofed, yellow lime-washed, half-timbered houses line the narrow streets, which wind down to the harbour and up to the church. The town is also a centre for arts and crafts such as [[glassblowing]] and [[ceramics (art)|ceramics]]. There are also a few small sweet factories and a miniature [[brewery]].<ref name="bornholminfo-svaneke">[http://www.bornholminfo.dk/Byer/Svaneke/633we.aspx?langId=2 Explore Svaneke−impressive beauty]{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}, [Bornholminfo.dk]</ref>


There are also a number of footpaths along the rocky coast as well as cycle tracks to all parts of the island. Accommodations include two camping sites, a hotel, and holiday apartments as well as restaurants, cafés and pubs. The local [[smokehouse]] is a popular venue.<ref name="bornholminfo-svaneke"/>
There are also several footpaths along the rocky coast as well as cycle tracks to all parts of the island. Accommodations include two camping sites, a hotel, and holiday apartments as well as restaurants, cafés, and pubs. The local [[smokehouse]] is a popular venue.<ref name="bornholminfo-svaneke"/>


To the west of Svaneke is the [[Joboland]] amusement park, which has a waterpark, petting zoo, merry-go-rounds and rowing boats.<ref>[http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Bornholm/Br%c3%a6ndesg%c3%a5rdshaven "Brandesgårdshaven"], ''Den Store Danske''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 November 2012.</ref>
To the west of Svaneke is the [[Joboland]] amusement park, which has a waterpark, petting zoo, merry-go-rounds, and rowing boats.<ref>[http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Bornholm/Br%c3%a6ndesg%c3%a5rdshaven "Brandesgårdshaven"], ''Den Store Danske''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 7 November 2012.</ref>


{{Wide image|Svaneke Havn pano.jpg|700px|Svaneke Havn}}
{{Wide image|Svaneke Havn pano.jpg|700px|Svaneke Havn}}
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===The water tower===
===The water tower===
Designed by award-winning architect [[Jørn Utzon]], Svaneke's [[Svaneke Water Tower|water tower]] was built in 1952. It was inspired by the old [[sea mark]]s used for assisting the navigation of ships at sea. The beacons were used along the Jutish West coast since the end of the 16th century when there were no other distinguishable markings on the coast.<ref>[http://www.bornholminpictures.com/joern-utzon-watertower-svaneke-bornholm-denmark.html "The Utzon Water Tower"], ''Bornholm in Pictures''. Retrieved 4 September 2011.</ref>
Designed by award-winning architect [[Jørn Utzon]], Svaneke's [[Svaneke Water Tower|water tower]] was built in 1952. It was inspired by the old [[sea mark]]s used to assist ships' navigation at sea. The beacons were used along the Jutish West coast since the end of the 16th century when no other distinguishable markings existed on the coast.<ref>[http://www.bornholminpictures.com/joern-utzon-watertower-svaneke-bornholm-denmark.html "The Utzon Water Tower"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304232917/http://www.bornholminpictures.com/joern-utzon-watertower-svaneke-bornholm-denmark.html |date=4 March 2016 }}, ''Bornholm in Pictures''. Retrieved 4 September 2011.</ref>


The pyramidal water tank is supported by three slender [[reinforced concrete|ferro-concrete]] legs that meet at the top of the tower. The centrally placed steps, also made of concrete, wind up elegantly from the ground.<ref>[http://www.synligbeton.dk/default.aspx?m=4&i=160&pi=4&pr=3 "Svaneke vandtårn"], ''Synligbeton.dk''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref> The water tower was taken out of service in 1988 when alterations to the water supply system were introduced. Since 1992, it has been a [[listed building]].<ref>[http://jazzkjeld.typepad.com/svaneke/2008/04/jrn-utzons-vand.html Kjeld Brandt, "Jørn Utzon's vandtårn i Svaneke"] {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref>
The pyramidal water tank is supported by three slender [[reinforced concrete|ferro-concrete]] legs that meet at the top of the tower. The centrally placed steps, also made of concrete, wind up elegantly from the ground.<ref>[http://www.synligbeton.dk/default.aspx?m=4&i=160&pi=4&pr=3 "Svaneke vandtårn"], ''Synligbeton.dk''. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref> The water tower was taken out of service in 1988 when alterations to the water supply system were introduced. Since 1992, it has been a [[listed building]].<ref>[http://jazzkjeld.typepad.com/svaneke/2008/04/jrn-utzons-vand.html Kjeld Brandt, "Jørn Utzon's vandtårn i Svaneke"] {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref>
Line 90: Line 90:


===Windmills===
===Windmills===
[[Bechs Mølle]], the timbered [[post mill]] which stands high above the town on the road to [[Gudhjem]], was built in 1629 making it the oldest preserved windmill in Denmark. In the 18th century, it was one of three such mills just north of the town. It takes its name from Hans Bentzen Bech who took it over in 1814. Initially the mill stood on the edge of the cliff but was moved back when the road was built in 1866. On that occasion, the mill was positioned on a tripod support and received highly developed works. Since 1960, it has been a listed building. Restoration work was carried out in 1972-1973 and between 2002 and 2007.<ref>[http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/da_DK/bechs-moelle-i-svaneke Lise Andersen, "Danmarks ældste vindmølle"] {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref>
[[Bechs Mølle]], the timbered [[post mill]] which stands high above the town on the road to [[Gudhjem]], was built in 1629 making it the oldest preserved windmill in Denmark. In the 18th century, it was one of three such mills just north of the town. It takes its name from Hans Bentzen Bech who took it over in 1814. Initially, the mill stood on the edge of the cliff but was moved back when the road was built in 1866. On that occasion, the mill was positioned on a tripod support and received highly developed works. Since 1960, it has been a listed building. Restoration work was carried out in 1972-1973 and between 2002 and 2007.<ref>[http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/da_DK/bechs-moelle-i-svaneke Lise Andersen, "Danmarks ældste vindmølle"] {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 9 May 2010.</ref>


[[Svanemøllen]], located just outside the town on the road to [[Østermarie]], was built in 1857 and served until the 1950s. A listed building, it is the island's finest wooden [[smock mill]] with its onion cap and cladding of oak shingles. It is now in the hands of the local association Svanekes Venner (Svaneke's Friends) who have kept it in good repair.<ref name=nhl>[http://www.svanekesvenner.dk/Svanemoellen/Historie%2030.3.10.%202010.pdf Niels-Holger Larsen, "Svanemøllen Svaneke, Historie: Møllen og dens ændring gennem tiderne; og om dens fremtid"], Svanekes Venner. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 6 November 2012.</ref>
[[Svanemøllen]], located just outside the town on the road to [[Østermarie]], was built in 1857 and served until the 1950s. A listed building, it is the island's finest wooden [[smock mill]] with its onion cap and cladding of oak shingles. It is now in the hands of the local association Svanekes Venner (Svaneke's Friends) who have kept it in good repair.<ref name=nhl>[http://www.svanekesvenner.dk/Svanemoellen/Historie%2030.3.10.%202010.pdf Niels-Holger Larsen, "Svanemøllen Svaneke, Historie: Møllen og dens ændring gennem tiderne; og om dens fremtid"], Svanekes Venner. {{in lang|da}} Retrieved 6 November 2012.</ref>


===Svaneke Church===
===Svaneke Church===
[[Svaneke Church]] stands 18 m above the harbour on the site of a small chapel which appears to have existed for quite some time before the town received its charter in the 16th century. It was expanded over the years, the tower and spire being completed in 1789. In 1881, virtually the whole building was rebuilt by architect [[Mathias Bidstrup]] of [[Rønne]], leaving only the tower and a small section of the south wall.<ref>[[:da:Svaneke Kirke|Danish Wikipedia article]] which draws on an undated leaflet published by the church council.</ref>
[[Svaneke Church]] stands 18 m above the harbour on the site of a small chapel that appears to have existed for quite sometime before the town received its charter in the 16th century. It was expanded over the years, the tower and spire being completed in 1789. In 1881, virtually the whole building was rebuilt by architect [[Mathias Bidstrup]] of [[Rønne]], leaving only the tower and a small section of the south wall.<ref>[[:da:Svaneke Kirke|Danish Wikipedia article]] which draws on an undated leaflet published by the church council.</ref>


===Svaneke Lighthouse===
===Svaneke Lighthouse===
Line 106: Line 106:
File:Svaneke water tower 1.jpg|Water tower designed by [[Jørn Utzon]]
File:Svaneke water tower 1.jpg|Water tower designed by [[Jørn Utzon]]
File:Sankt Ibs Kirke Bornholm Denmark.jpg|St Ib's Church
File:Sankt Ibs Kirke Bornholm Denmark.jpg|St Ib's Church
File:Svaneke Brewery01.jpg|The brewery on the market place
File:Svaneke Brewery01.jpg|The brewery on the marketplace
File:Bagergade, Svaneke 2010a.jpg|Old street in Svaneke
File:Bagergade, Svaneke 2010a.jpg|Old street in Svaneke
File:Svaneke houses.JPG|Half-timbered houses
File:Svaneke houses.JPG|Half-timbered houses
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206053926/http://www.svaneke.net/ Svaneke Community Site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206053926/http://www.svaneke.net/ Svaneke Community Site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175552/http://www.svaneke.dk/ Pictures from Svaneke]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175552/http://www.svaneke.dk/ Pictures from Svaneke]
* [http://svaneke.snappages.com/photos/Svaneke Photo gallery of Beautiful Svaneke and Bornholm]
* [http://svaneke.snappages.com/photos/Svaneke Photo gallery of Beautiful Svaneke and Bornholm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117150019/http://svaneke.snappages.com/photos/Svaneke |date=17 November 2013 }}


{{Towns of Bornholm}}
{{Bornholm Denmark}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Latest revision as of 05:47, 1 July 2024

Svaneke
Town
Svaneke harbour
Svaneke harbour
Coat of arms of Svaneke
Coat of arms
Svaneke is located in Bornholm
Svaneke
Svaneke
Location on Bornholm
Coordinates: 55°08′N 15°08′E / 55.133°N 15.133°E / 55.133; 15.133
CountryDenmark
RegionCapital (Hovedstaden)
MunicipalityBornholm
Area
 • Urban
0.3 sq mi (0.7 km2)
Population
 (2024)
 • Urban
1,091
 • Urban density4,000/sq mi (1,600/km2)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

Svaneke (Swencke in 1410, from old Danish swan swan and *wīka inlet) is a small town on the eastern coast of the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark. It lies mainly in Svaneke parish and partly in Ibsker parish.

It is Denmark's easternmost town. It is also the second smallest chartered town in Denmark, with a population of 1,091 as of 1 January 2024. Only Ærøskøbing is smaller. [1]

History

[edit]

Svaneke probably dates back to the 13th century when herring fishing was practiced along Bornholm's east coast. The precise date at which it was granted the market town status is unknown but it was no doubt at the beginning of the 16th century as by 1543 it had a mayor and a municipal council.[2] In 1610, almost half the town was destroyed by fire. During the brief period of February 26, 1658 - May 27, 1660, Svaneke, together with the rest of Bornholm, was part of the Swedish Empire. In 1801, the population was still only 663 but this figure doubled in the 19th century as the new harbour (1816) provided enhanced opportunities for shipbuilding.[3]

It was in the 18th and 19th centuries that trade and shipbuilding expanded in Svaneke, resulting in the construction of the fine merchants' houses which still line the harbour. Unlike many of the other towns in Bornholm, Svaneke escaped modernization following the opening of the island's railways at the beginning of the 20th century. Its old-world look was further protected towards the end of the century by "The Friends of Svaneke" who prevented inappropriate renovation work.[4]

Tourism

[edit]

Svaneke owes its current prosperity to tourism, thanks to the well-preserved town centre that earned it the European Architectural Heritage Gold Medal in 1975.[2] Red-roofed, yellow lime-washed, half-timbered houses line the narrow streets, which wind down to the harbour and up to the church. The town is also a centre for arts and crafts such as glassblowing and ceramics. There are also a few small sweet factories and a miniature brewery.[5]

There are also several footpaths along the rocky coast as well as cycle tracks to all parts of the island. Accommodations include two camping sites, a hotel, and holiday apartments as well as restaurants, cafés, and pubs. The local smokehouse is a popular venue.[5]

To the west of Svaneke is the Joboland amusement park, which has a waterpark, petting zoo, merry-go-rounds, and rowing boats.[6]

Svaneke Havn
Svaneke Torv

Other attractions

[edit]

The water tower

[edit]

Designed by award-winning architect Jørn Utzon, Svaneke's water tower was built in 1952. It was inspired by the old sea marks used to assist ships' navigation at sea. The beacons were used along the Jutish West coast since the end of the 16th century when no other distinguishable markings existed on the coast.[7]

The pyramidal water tank is supported by three slender ferro-concrete legs that meet at the top of the tower. The centrally placed steps, also made of concrete, wind up elegantly from the ground.[8] The water tower was taken out of service in 1988 when alterations to the water supply system were introduced. Since 1992, it has been a listed building.[9]

St Ib's Church

[edit]

St Ib's Church (Sankt Ibs kirke), 3 km south-west of Svaneke, is a fine 12th century Romanesque building. The altarpiece was painted by Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg in 1846 with a picture of Christ in the garden of Gethsemane.[10] The Renaissance pulpit (ca 1600) was decorated by Paul Høm in 1964 with ceramics of the four evangelists.[11]

Windmills

[edit]

Bechs Mølle, the timbered post mill which stands high above the town on the road to Gudhjem, was built in 1629 making it the oldest preserved windmill in Denmark. In the 18th century, it was one of three such mills just north of the town. It takes its name from Hans Bentzen Bech who took it over in 1814. Initially, the mill stood on the edge of the cliff but was moved back when the road was built in 1866. On that occasion, the mill was positioned on a tripod support and received highly developed works. Since 1960, it has been a listed building. Restoration work was carried out in 1972-1973 and between 2002 and 2007.[12]

Svanemøllen, located just outside the town on the road to Østermarie, was built in 1857 and served until the 1950s. A listed building, it is the island's finest wooden smock mill with its onion cap and cladding of oak shingles. It is now in the hands of the local association Svanekes Venner (Svaneke's Friends) who have kept it in good repair.[13]

Svaneke Church

[edit]

Svaneke Church stands 18 m above the harbour on the site of a small chapel that appears to have existed for quite sometime before the town received its charter in the 16th century. It was expanded over the years, the tower and spire being completed in 1789. In 1881, virtually the whole building was rebuilt by architect Mathias Bidstrup of Rønne, leaving only the tower and a small section of the south wall.[14]

Svaneke Lighthouse

[edit]

The lighthouse, completed in 1919, is located to the southeast of the harbour. It is square-shaped rather than round, reaching an overall height of 18 metres (59 ft). In 2010, the lighthouse was taken out of commission and is now privately owned.[15]

[edit]
  • Oldest windmill in Denmark
    Oldest windmill in Denmark
  • Svaneke Church
    Svaneke Church
  • Water tower designed by Jørn Utzon
    Water tower designed by Jørn Utzon
  • St Ib's Church
    St Ib's Church
  • The brewery on the marketplace
    The brewery on the marketplace
  • Old street in Svaneke
    Old street in Svaneke
  • Half-timbered houses
    Half-timbered houses
  • Outside the church gate
    Outside the church gate

55°08′12″N 15°08′35″E / 55.13667°N 15.14306°E / 55.13667; 15.14306

References

[edit]
  1. ^ BY3: Population 1st January by urban areas, area and population density The Mobil Statbank from Statistics Denmark
  2. ^ a b "Danmarks Købstæder: Svaneke". (in Danish) Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  3. ^ "Svaneke", Den store Danske. (in Danish) Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  4. ^ "History/Facts about Svaneke" Archived 23 July 2012 at archive.today, Bornholminfo.dk. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  5. ^ a b Explore Svaneke−impressive beauty[permanent dead link‍], [Bornholminfo.dk]
  6. ^ "Brandesgårdshaven", Den Store Danske. (in Danish) Retrieved 7 November 2012.
  7. ^ "The Utzon Water Tower" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Bornholm in Pictures. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
  8. ^ "Svaneke vandtårn", Synligbeton.dk. (in Danish) Retrieved 9 May 2010.
  9. ^ Kjeld Brandt, "Jørn Utzon's vandtårn i Svaneke" (in Danish) Retrieved 9 May 2010.
  10. ^ Ibs Kirche på Bornholm Archived 19 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Bornholmerguiden.dk (in Danish) Retrieved 16 May 2010
  11. ^ Sankt Ibs Kirke (Bornholm), Den store Danske (in Danish) Retrieved 16 May 2010.
  12. ^ Lise Andersen, "Danmarks ældste vindmølle" (in Danish) Retrieved 9 May 2010.
  13. ^ Niels-Holger Larsen, "Svanemøllen Svaneke, Historie: Møllen og dens ændring gennem tiderne; og om dens fremtid", Svanekes Venner. (in Danish) Retrieved 6 November 2012.
  14. ^ Danish Wikipedia article which draws on an undated leaflet published by the church council.
  15. ^ "Svaneke", Danske fyrtårne. (in Danish) Retrieved 28 October 2012.
[edit]

Media related to Svaneke at Wikimedia Commons

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