Taiga bean goose: Difference between revisions

Taiga bean goose
	Bean goose at Slimbridge Wildfowl and Wetlands Centre, Gloucestershire, England
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Anseriformes
Family:	Anatidae
Genus:	Anser
Species:	A. fabalis
Binomial name
	Anser fabalis; (Latham, 1787)
	Range of A. fabalis Breeding Passage Non-breeding

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The taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis) is a goose that breeds in northern Europe and Asia. It is migratory and winters further south in Europe and Asia. This and the tundra bean goose are recognised as separate species by the American Ornithological Society and the International Ornithologists' Union, but are considered a single species by other authorities (collectively called bean goose). The taiga and tundra bean goose diverged about 2.5 million years ago and established secondary contact c. 60,000 years ago, resulting in extensive gene flow.^[2]

Description

The length ranges from 68 to 90 cm (27–35 in), wingspan from 140 to 174 cm (55–69 in) and weight from 1.7–4 kg (3.7–8.8 lb).^[3] In the nominate subspecies, males average 3.2 kg (7.1 lb) and females average 2.84 kg (6.3 lb).^[3] The bill is black at the base and tip, with an orange band across the middle; the legs and feet are also bright orange.

The upper wing-coverts are dark brown, as in the white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) and the lesser white-fronted goose (A. erythropus), but differing from these in having narrow white fringes to the feathers.

The voice is a loud honking, higher pitched in the smaller subspecies.

The closely related pink-footed goose (A. brachyrhynchus) has the bill short, bright pink in the middle, and the feet also pink, the upper wing-coverts being nearly of the same bluish-grey as in the greylag goose. In size and bill structure, it is very similar to Anser fabalis rossicus, and in the past was often treated as a sixth subspecies of bean goose.

Taxonomy

The English and scientific names of the bean goose come from its habit in the past of grazing in bean field stubbles in winter. Anser is the Latin for "goose", and fabalis is derived from the Latin faba, a broad bean.^[4]

There are three subspecies, with complex variation in body size and bill size and pattern; generally, size increases from north to south and from west to east.

Taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis sensu stricto) (Latham, 1787)

A. f. fabalis (Latham, 1787). Scandinavia east to the Urals. Large; bill long and narrow, with broad orange band. Anser fabalis fabalis is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
A. f. johanseni (Delacour, 1951). West Siberian taiga. Large; bill long and narrow, with narrow orange band.
A. f. middendorffii (Severtzov, 1873). East Siberian taiga. Very large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.

Distribution

The taiga bean goose is a rare winter visitor to Britain. There are two regular wintering flocks of taiga bean goose, in the Yare Valley, Norfolk and the Avon Valley, Scotland. A formerly regular flock in Dumfries and Galloway no longer occurs there.

The taiga bean geese Anser fabalis fabalis wintering in Europe are considered to migrate across three different flyways: Western, Central and Eastern; which has been confirmed by stable isotope analysis of their flight feathers.^[5]

References

^ BirdLife International (2018). "Anser fabalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22679875A132302864. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679875A132302864.en. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
^ Ottenburghs, Jente; Honka, Johanna; Müskens, Gerard J. D. M.; Ellegren, Hans (26 May 2020). "Recent introgression between Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose results in a largely homogeneous landscape of genetic differentiation". Heredity. 125 (1–2): 73–84. doi:10.1038/s41437-020-0322-z. ISSN 1365-2540. PMC 7413267. PMID 32451423.
^ ^a ^b Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (1992). CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.
^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 48, 157. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Fox, A. D.; Hobson, K. A.; de Jong, A.; Kardynal, K. J.; Koehler, G.; Heinicke, T. (2017). "Flyway population delineation in Taiga Bean Geese Anser fabalis fabalis revealed by multi-element feather stable isotope analysis". Ibis. 159 (1): 66–75. doi:10.1111/ibi.12417.

External links

[IUCN-1] BirdLife International (2018). "Anser fabalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22679875A132302864. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679875A132302864.en. Retrieved 22 February 2022.

[2] Ottenburghs, Jente; Honka, Johanna; Müskens, Gerard J. D. M.; Ellegren, Hans (26 May 2020). "Recent introgression between Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose results in a largely homogeneous landscape of genetic differentiation". Heredity. 125 (1–2): 73–84. doi:10.1038/s41437-020-0322-z. ISSN 1365-2540. PMC 7413267. PMID 32451423.

[CRC-3] Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (1992). CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.

[job90-4] Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 48, 157. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[5] Fox, A. D.; Hobson, K. A.; de Jong, A.; Kardynal, K. J.; Koehler, G.; Heinicke, T. (2017). "Flyway population delineation in Taiga Bean Geese Anser fabalis fabalis revealed by multi-element feather stable isotope analysis". Ibis. 159 (1): 66–75. doi:10.1111/ibi.12417.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of bird}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
-| name = Bean Goose
+{{Speciesbox
+| name = Taiga bean goose
+| image = Bean.goose.600pix.jpg
+| image_caption = Bean goose at [[Slimbridge Wildfowl and Wetlands Centre]], [[Gloucestershire]], England
 | status = LC
 | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN2012.2|assessors=[[BirdLife International]]|year=2012|id=100600375|title=Anser fabalis|downloaded=2012-10-26}}</ref>
+| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Anser fabalis''  |page=e.T22679875A132302864 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22679875A132302864.en |access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref>
+| genus = Anser
-| image = Bean.goose.600pix.jpg
+| species = fabalis
-| image_caption = Bean Goose at [[Slimbridge Wildfowl and Wetlands Centre]], [[Gloucestershire]], England
+| authority = ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1787)
-| image_width =
+| range_map = AnserFabalisIUCNver2019 1.png
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| range_map_caption = Range of ''A. fabalis''{{leftlegend|#00FF00|Breeding|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#00FFFF|Passage|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#007FFF|Non-breeding|outline=gray}}
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
-| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
-| ordo = [[Anseriformes]]
-| familia = [[Anatidae]]
-| subfamilia = [[Anserinae]]
-| tribus = [[Anserini]]
-| genus = ''[[Anser (genus)|Anser]]''
-| genus_authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
-| subdivision_ranks = Species
-| subdivision =
-Taiga Bean-Goose ''Anser fabalis''<br/>
-Tundra Bean-Goose ''Anser serrirostris''
 }}
-The '''Bean Goose''' is a [[goose]] that breeds in northern [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. It has two distinct varieties, one inhabiting [[taiga]] habitats and one inhabiting [[tundra]]. These are recognised as separate species by the [[American Ornithologists' Union]], but are considered a single species by other authorities, such as the [[British Ornithologists' Union]]. It is [[bird migration|migratory]] and winters further south in Europe and Asia.
+The '''taiga bean goose''' ('''''Anser fabalis''''') is a [[goose]] that breeds in northern [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. It is [[bird migration|migratory]] and winters further south in Europe and Asia. This and the [[tundra bean goose]] are recognised as separate species by the [[American Ornithological Society]] and the [[International Ornithologists' Union]], but are considered a single species by other authorities (collectively called bean goose). The taiga and tundra bean goose diverged about 2.5 million years ago and established [[secondary contact]] {{circa}} 60,000 years ago, resulting in extensive [[gene flow]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ottenburghs|first1=Jente|last2=Honka|first2=Johanna|last3=Müskens|first3=Gerard J. D. M.|last4=Ellegren|first4=Hans|date=26 May 2020|title=Recent introgression between Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose results in a largely homogeneous landscape of genetic differentiation|journal=Heredity|volume=125|issue=1–2|language=en|pages=73–84|doi=10.1038/s41437-020-0322-z|pmid=32451423|pmc=7413267|issn=1365-2540|doi-access=free}}</ref>
 == Description ==
-The length ranges from {{convert|68|to(-)|90|cm|in}}, wingspan from {{convert|140|to(-)|174|cm|in}} and weight from {{convert|1.7|–|4|kg|lbs}}.<ref name = "CRC">''CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses'' by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), ISBN 978-0-8493-4258-5.</ref> In the [[nominate subspecies]], males average {{convert|3.2|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and females average {{convert|2.84|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.<ref name = "CRC"/> The bill is black at the base and tip, with an orange band across the middle; the legs and feet are also bright orange.
+The length ranges from {{convert|68|to(-)|90|cm|in|abbr=on}}, wingspan from {{convert|140|to(-)|174|cm|in|abbr=on}} and weight from {{convert|1.7|–|4|kg|lbs|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CRC/> In the [[nominate subspecies]], males average {{convert|3.2|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and females average {{convert|2.84|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.<ref name=CRC/> The bill is black at the base and tip, with an orange band across the middle; the legs and feet are also bright orange.
-The upper wing-coverts are dark brown, as in the [[White-fronted Goose]] (''Anser albifrons'') and the [[Lesser White-fronted Goose]] (''A. erythropus''), but differing from these in having narrow white fringes to the feathers.
+The upper wing-coverts are dark brown, as in the [[white-fronted goose]] (''Anser albifrons'') and the [[lesser white-fronted goose]] (''A. erythropus''), but differing from these in having narrow white fringes to the feathers.
 The voice is a loud honking, higher pitched in the smaller subspecies.
-The closely related [[Pink-footed Goose]] (''A. brachyrhynchus'') has the bill short, bright pink in the middle, and the feet also pink, the upper wing-coverts being nearly of the same bluish-grey as in the [[Greylag Goose]]. In size and bill structure, it is very similar to ''Anser fabalis rossicus'', and in the past was often treated as a sixth subspecies of Bean Goose.
+The closely related [[pink-footed goose]] (''A. brachyrhynchus'') has the bill short, bright pink in the middle, and the feet also pink, the upper wing-coverts being nearly of the same bluish-grey as in the [[greylag goose]]. In size and bill structure, it is very similar to ''Anser fabalis rossicus'', and in the past was often treated as a sixth subspecies of bean goose.
 == Taxonomy ==
-The [[English language|English]] and [[binomial nomenclature|scientific names]] of the Bean Goose come from its habit in the past of grazing in [[bean]] field stubbles in winter (Latin ''faba'', a bean).
+The [[English language|English]] and [[binomial nomenclature|scientific names]] of the bean goose come from its habit in the past of grazing in [[bean]] field stubbles in winter. ''Anser'' is the Latin for "goose", and ''fabalis'' is derived from the Latin
+''faba'', a broad bean.<ref name= job90>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher = Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 |pages =[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n48 48], 157}}</ref>
-[[File:Anser fabalis Arnoud B van den Berg.jpg|left|thumb|Taiga Bean Goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) on background, Tundra Bean Goose (''Anser serrirostris'') on foreground and [[Greylag Goose]] (''Anser anser'') on the right, at Spaarndam, Noord-Holland, the Netherlands]]
+[[File:Anser fabalis Arnoud B van den Berg.jpg|left|thumb|Taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) in the background, tundra bean goose (''Anser serrirostris'') in the foreground and [[greylag goose]] (''Anser anser'') on the right, at Spaarndam, North Holland, the Netherlands]]
-[[File:Tundra bean goose.jpg|thumb|A flock of Tundra Bean Geese]]
-There are five [[subspecies]], with complex variation in body size and bill size and pattern; generally, size increases from north to south and from west to east. Some ornithologists (including AOU 2007) split them into two species based on breeding habitat, whether in forest bogs in the subarctic [[taiga]], or on the [[arctic]] [[tundra]].
+There are three [[subspecies]], with complex variation in body size and bill size and pattern; generally, size increases from north to south and from west to east.
-;Taiga Bean Goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1787)
+;Taiga bean goose (''Anser fabalis'' sensu stricto) ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1787)
 * ''A. f. fabalis'' (Latham, 1787). Scandinavia east to the Urals. Large; bill long and narrow, with broad orange band. ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' is one of the species to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
 * ''A. f. johanseni'' ([[Jean Théodore Delacour|Delacour]], 1951). West Siberian taiga. Large; bill long and narrow, with narrow orange band.
 * ''A. f. middendorffii'' ([[Nikolai Severtzov|Severtzov]], 1873). East Siberian taiga. Very large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.
-;Tundra Bean Goose (''Anser serrirostris'', if treated as a distinct species) ([[Robert Swinhoe|Swinhoe]], 1871)
-* ''A. s. rossicus'' ([[Sergei Aleksandrovich Buturlin|Buturlin]], 1933). Northern Russian tundra east to the Taimyr Peninsula. Small; bill short and stubby, with narrow orange band. ''Anser fabalis rossicus'' is one of the species to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
-* ''A. s. serrirostris'' (Swinhoe, 1871). East Siberian tundra. Large; bill long and stout, with narrow orange band.
 == Distribution ==
+[[File:Anser fabalis MWNH 0943.JPG|thumb|Egg at [[Museum Wiesbaden]], Germany]]
 {{Expand section|date=April 2011}}
-The Bean Goose is a rare winter visitor to [[Great Britain|Britain]]. There are two regular wintering flocks of Taiga Bean Goose, in the [[Yare Valley]], [[Norfolk]] and the [[Avon Valley, Scotland|Avon Valley]], Scotland. A formerly regular flock in [[Dumfries and Galloway]] no longer occurs there. The Tundra Bean Goose has no regular wintering sites, but is found in small groups among other [[grey goose]] species – among the most regular localities are [[WWT Slimbridge]], [[Gloucestershire]] and [[Holkham Marshes]], Norfolk.
+The taiga bean goose is a rare winter visitor to [[Great Britain|Britain]]. There are two regular wintering flocks of taiga bean goose, in the [[Yare Valley]], [[Norfolk]] and the [[Avon Valley, Scotland|Avon Valley]], Scotland. A formerly regular flock in [[Dumfries and Galloway]] no longer occurs there.
+The taiga bean geese ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' wintering in Europe are considered to migrate across three different flyways: Western, Central and Eastern; which has been confirmed by stable isotope analysis of their flight feathers.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Fox, A. D. |author2=Hobson, K. A. |author3=de Jong, A. |author4=Kardynal, K. J.  | author5=Koehler, G.  | author6=Heinicke, T. | year=2017| title=Flyway population delineation in Taiga Bean Geese ''Anser fabalis fabalis'' revealed by multi-element feather stable isotope analysis| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=66–75| doi=10.1111/ibi.12417| issue=1}}</ref>
 ==References==
+{{Reflist|refs=
-{{reflist}}
+<ref name=CRC>{{cite book |title=CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses |editor-first=John B. Jr. |editor-last=Dunning |publisher=CRC Press |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-8493-4258-5}}</ref>
+}}
 ==Further reading==
-* [[George Sangster|Sangster, George]] and [[Gerald J. Oreel]] (1996) Progress in taxonomy of Taiga and Tundra Bean Geese ''[[Dutch Birding]]'' 18(6): 310-316
+* {{cite journal |last1=Sangster |first1=George |authorlink1=George Sangster |last2=Oreel |first2=Gerald J. |year=1996 |title=Progress in taxonomy of Taiga and Tundra Bean Geese |journal=[[Dutch Birding]] |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=310–316}}
-* Oates, John (1997) Identification of Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose ''[[Birding World]]'' 10(11): 421-6
+* {{cite journal |last=Oates |first=John |year=1997 |title=Identification of Taiga Bean Goose and Tundra Bean Goose |journal=[[Birding World]] |volume=10 |issue=11 |pages=421–426}}
-* Ruokonen, M., K. Litvin and T. Aarvak (2008) Taxonomy of the bean goose - pink-footed goose ''[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]]'' 48:554-562
+* {{cite journal |last1=Ruokonen |first1=M. |first2=K. |last2=Litvin |first3=T. |last3=Aarvak |year=2008 |title=Taxonomy of the bean goose – pink-footed goose |journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=554–562 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.038 |pmid=18550388|bibcode=2008MolPE..48..554R }}
-* Brown, Dan (2010) Identification and taxonomy of bean geese ''[[Birding World]]'' 23(3):110-121
+* {{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Dan |year=2010 |title=Identification and taxonomy of bean geese |journal=[[Birding World]] |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=110–121}}
 ==External links==
-{{commons|Anser fabalis}}
+{{Commons category|Anser fabalis}}
+{{Wikispecies|Anser fabalis}}
-*[http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/guide/b/beangoose/index.asp RSPB Bean Goose Page]
-*[http://www.birdguides.com/html/vidlib/species/Anser_fabalis.htm BirdGuides Bean Goose Page]
+* [http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds/guide/b/beangoose/index.asp RSPB Birds by Name – Bean Goose]
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704035541/http://birdguides.com/species/species.asp?sp=027018 BirdGuides Bean Goose Page]
-* [http://cyberbirding.uib.no/photo/a_fabalis_01.php Cyberbirding: Bean Goose pictures]
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030114004644/http://cyberbirding.uib.no/photo/a_fabalis_01.php Cyberbirding: Bean Goose pictures]
-{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}
+* {{BirdLife|22679875|Anser fabalis}}
+* {{Avibase|1365719670879|Anser fabalis}}
+* {{InternetBirdCollection|bean-goose-anser-fabalis}}
+* {{Xeno-canto species|Anser|fabalis|Taiga Bean goose}}
+{{Taxonbar|from1=Q26452|from2=Q27601005}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Goose, Bean}}
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Anser|Bean Goose]]
+[[Category:Anser (bird)|taiga bean goose]]
+[[Category:Birds of Scandinavia]]
+[[Category:Birds of Russia]]
+[[Category:Birds described in 1787|taiga bean goose]]
 [[Category:Geese]]
-[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by John Latham (ornithologist)|taiga bean goose]]
-[[Category:Birds of Pakistan]]
-[[Category:Birds of Europe]]
-[[Category:Birds of Turkey]]
-[[Category:Birds of Iran]]
-[[Category:Birds of Japan]]
-[[Category:Natural monuments of Japan]]

Taxon identifiers
Anser fabalis	Wikidata: Q26452 Wikispecies: Anser fabalis ABA: tabego ADW: Anser_fabalis Avibase: BDB497A352D152DB BioLib: 8431 BirdLife: 22679875 BOW: taibeg1 BTO: bob1570 CoL: 679WS CMS: anser-fabalis eBird: taibeg1 EoL: 45510525 EPPO: ANSEFA EURING: 1570 Fauna Europaea: 96474 Fauna Europaea (new): ae6b032f-dc3a-4298-9907-b52c2e27127b GBIF: 2498027 IBC: bean-goose-anser-fabalis iNaturalist: 7009 IRMNG: 11303089 ITIS: 175024 IUCN: 22679875 NBN: NBNSYS0000000213 NCBI: 132587 Observation.org: 338 OBIS: 416685 Open Tree of Life: 325140 Paleobiology Database: 368593 SeaLifeBase: 171345 TSA: 1823 WoRMS: 416685 Xeno-canto: Anser-fabalis
Anser fabalis fabalis	Wikidata: Q27601005 Wikispecies: Anser fabalis fabalis Avibase: B9A430D9 CoL: 5FN3T EURING: 1571 GBIF: 7191106 iNaturalist: 516874 ITIS: 714766 NBN: NHMSYS0020302938
Anas fabalis	Wikidata: Q46342827 EUNIS: 15992 GBIF: 4409117