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Coordinates: 39°57′36″N 80°28′0″W / 39.96000°N 80.46667°W / 39.96000; -80.46667
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{{Distinguish|Fisher Farm site}}
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{{Infobox nrhp
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
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| name = Fisher Site (36GR21)
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{{Infobox NRHP
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| nrhp_type =
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| name = Fisher site (36GR21)
| image =
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| nrhp_type =
| caption =
| image = Fisher Site fields.jpg
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| location = Off Camp Resort Road along the [[Wheeling Creek (West Virginia)|Enlow Fork]], in [[Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania|Richhill Township]], [[Greene County, Pennsylvania|Greene County]], [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name=nomination>Michael, Ronald L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Fisher Site (36GR21). [[National Park Service]], 1981-01-15.</ref>
| caption = Overview of the site
| lat_degrees = 39
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| location = Off Camp Resort Road along the [[Wheeling Creek (West Virginia)|Enlow Fork]], in [[Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania|Richhill Township]], [[Greene County, Pennsylvania|Greene County]], [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name=nomination>Michael, Ronald L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Fisher Site (36GR21). [[National Park Service]], 1981-01-15.</ref>
| lat_minutes = 57
| coordinates = {{coord|39|57|36|N|80|28|0|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| lat_seconds = 36
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| locmapin = Pennsylvania#USA
| lat_direction = N
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| architect =
| long_degrees = 80
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| architecture =
| long_minutes = 28
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| added = November 15, 1982
| long_seconds = 0
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| area = {{convert|1.8|acre}}
| long_direction = W
| refnum = 82001536<ref name=nris>{{NRISref|2009a}}</ref>
| coord_display = inline,title
| coord_parameters = region:US_type:landmark
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| locmapin = Pennsylvania
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| architect =
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| architecture =
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| added = November 15, 1982
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| area = {{convert|1.8|acre}}
| governing_body = Private
| refnum = 82001536<ref name=nris>{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2009-03-13|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
}}
}}


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The '''Fisher site''' is an [[archaeological site]] in northwestern [[Greene County, Pennsylvania|Greene County]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]]. Located along a tributary of [[Wheeling Creek (West Virginia)|Wheeling Creek]] in northern [[Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania|Richhill Township]], it was once occupied by a [[Monongahela tribe|Monongahela]] village. It has been ranked as one of southwestern Pennsylvania's most important locations for [[historic preservation|prehistoric preservation]].
⚫
{{distinguish|Fisher Farm Site}}

⚫
The '''Fisher Site''' is an [[archaeological site]] in northwestern [[Greene County, Pennsylvania|Greene County]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]]. Located along a tributary of [[Wheeling Creek (West Virginia)|Wheeling Creek]] in northern [[Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania|Richhill Township]], it was once occupied by a [[Monongahela tribe|Monongahela]] village. It has been ranked as one of southwestern Pennsylvania's most important locations for [[historic preservation|prehistoric preservation]].


==Location==
==Location==
The Fisher Site lies in the [[floodplain]] of the Enlow Fork,<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} occupying a relatively rare clearing in the predominately wooded hills of northern Greene County. Wooded lands around the site and along the Enlow Fork are part of [[Pennsylvania State Game Lands|State Game Lands 302]], a public hunting and fishing preserve.<ref name=atlas>DeLorme. ''Pennsylvania Atlas & Gazetteer''. 8th ed. [[Yarmouth, Maine|Yarmouth]]: [[DeLorme]], 2003, 84. ISBN 0-89933-280-3.</ref>
The Fisher site lies in the [[floodplain]] of the Enlow Fork,<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} occupying a relatively rare clearing in the predominantly wooded hills of northern Greene County. Wooded lands around the site and along the Enlow Fork are part of [[Pennsylvania State Game Lands|State Game Lands 302]], a public hunting and fishing preserve.<ref name=atlas>DeLorme. ''Pennsylvania Atlas & Gazetteer''. 8th ed. [[Yarmouth, Maine|Yarmouth]]: [[DeLorme]], 2003, 84. {{ISBN|0-89933-280-3}}.</ref>


==Profile==
==Profile==
Testing has revealed that the village was part of the Drew Phase of the Monongahela; it was the tenth Drew site to be identified. The location of the Fisher Site in bottomland distinguishes it from all previously-known Drew sites and most other Monongahela villages;<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} due to the frequent warfare among the Monongahela, their villages were typically built on hilltops.<ref>George, Richard L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Deffenbaugh Site (36FA57). [[National Park Service]], 1981-07-31.</ref>{{rp|3}}
Testing has revealed that the village was part of the Drew Phase of the Monongahela; it was the tenth Drew site to be identified. The location of the Fisher site in bottomland distinguishes it from all previously-known Drew sites and most other Monongahela villages;<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} due to the frequent warfare among the Monongahela, their villages were typically built on hilltops.<ref>George, Richard L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Deffenbaugh Site (36FA57). [[National Park Service]], 1981-07-31.</ref>{{rp|3}}


==Excavations==
==Excavations==
Although property owners had collected surface artifacts at the site since at least the early 1940s, the Fisher Site was first observed in 1962 during testing to reveal [[natural gas]] wells in the area. Fourteen years passed before an archaeological investigation was conducted at the site; testing conducted by this investigation revealed it to be a [[Woodland period|Late Woodland]] village site. A third excavation, carried out much more meticulously than either of the others, was completed shortly before 1981.
Although property owners had collected surface artifacts at the site since at least the early 1940s, the Fisher site was first observed in 1962 during testing to reveal [[natural gas]] wells in the area. Fourteen years passed before an archaeological investigation was conducted at the site; testing conducted by this investigation revealed it to be a [[Woodland period|Late Woodland]] village site. A third excavation, carried out much more meticulously than either of the others, was completed shortly before 1981.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|2}}


Nearly 1,100 artifacts were recovered from the test pits of the third excavation, including animal bones, stone tools, and over 500 [[sherd|potsherds]] of various styles. Among the potsherds were pieces decorated with unusual geometric designs; no other site is known to have produced pottery with these designs.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|2}}
Nearly 1,100 artifacts were recovered from the test pits of the third excavation, including animal bones, stone tools, and over 500 [[sherd|potsherds]] of various styles. Among the potsherds were pieces decorated with unusual geometric designs; no other site is known to have produced pottery with these designs.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|2}}


==Preservation==
==Preservation==
Intensive industrialization in the river valleys of southwestern Pennsylvania has likely destroyed most of the region's Monongahela sites originally located in floodplains. Moreover, it is possible that many unknown sites have been destroyed during the process of [[surface mining]] for coal in the region.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} In contrast to this common situation, the Enlow Fork in the vicinity of the Fisher Site is quite undeveloped; only small roads traverse the region, and — unlike in southern Richhill Township — no gas wells operate nearby.<ref name=atlas /> The pristine condition of the site and the likelihood that it will yield information about the little-known Drew Phase has led it to be assessed as highly worthy of preservation.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} In accordance with this goal, the site was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1982.<ref name=nris />
Intensive industrialization in the river valleys of southwestern Pennsylvania has likely destroyed most of the region's Monongahela sites originally located in floodplains. Moreover, it is possible that many unknown sites have been destroyed during the process of [[surface mining]] for coal in the region.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} In contrast to this common situation, the Enlow Fork in the vicinity of the Fisher site is quite undeveloped; only small roads traverse the region, and — unlike in southern Richhill Township — no gas wells operate nearby.<ref name=atlas /> The pristine condition of the site and the likelihood that it will yield information about the little-known Drew Phase has led it to be assessed as highly worthy of preservation.<ref name=nomination />{{rp|3}} In accordance with this goal, the site was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1982.<ref name=nris />


==See also==
==See also==
Line 46: Line 36:


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*Michael, Ronald L. ''Archaeological Study for Wheeling Creek Watershed Site PA-648, Greene and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania''. [[Uniontown, Pennsylvania|Uniontown]]: NPW, 1981.
*Michael, Ronald L. ''Archaeological Study for Wheeling Creek Watershed Site PA-648, Greene and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania''. [[Uniontown, Pennsylvania|Uniontown]]: NPW, 1981.

{{Commons category|Fisher Site}}


{{Monongahela villages}}
{{Monongahela villages}}
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{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{Pre-Columbian North America}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:1962 archaeological discoveries]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Greene County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Geography of Greene County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Former populated places in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Monongahela culture]]
[[Category:Monongahela culture]]
[[Category:Native American populated places]]
[[Category:Former Native American populated places in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Greene County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Populated places on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania]]

Latest revision as of 22:24, 1 July 2024

Not to be confused with Fisher Farm site.

Fisher site (36GR21)
Overview of the site
Fisher site is located in Pennsylvania
Fisher site
Fisher site is located in the United States
Fisher site
LocationOff Camp Resort Road along the Enlow Fork, in Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania[2]
Coordinates39°57′36″N 80°28′0″W / 39.96000°N 80.46667°W / 39.96000; -80.46667
Area1.8 acres (0.73 ha)
NRHP reference No.82001536[1]
Added to NRHPNovember 15, 1982

The Fisher site is an archaeological site in northwestern Greene County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located along a tributary of Wheeling Creek in northern Richhill Township, it was once occupied by a Monongahela village. It has been ranked as one of southwestern Pennsylvania's most important locations for prehistoric preservation.

Location

[edit]

The Fisher site lies in the floodplain of the Enlow Fork,[2]: 3  occupying a relatively rare clearing in the predominantly wooded hills of northern Greene County. Wooded lands around the site and along the Enlow Fork are part of State Game Lands 302, a public hunting and fishing preserve.[3]

Profile

[edit]

Testing has revealed that the village was part of the Drew Phase of the Monongahela; it was the tenth Drew site to be identified. The location of the Fisher site in bottomland distinguishes it from all previously-known Drew sites and most other Monongahela villages;[2]: 3  due to the frequent warfare among the Monongahela, their villages were typically built on hilltops.[4]: 3 

Excavations

[edit]

Although property owners had collected surface artifacts at the site since at least the early 1940s, the Fisher site was first observed in 1962 during testing to reveal natural gas wells in the area. Fourteen years passed before an archaeological investigation was conducted at the site; testing conducted by this investigation revealed it to be a Late Woodland village site. A third excavation, carried out much more meticulously than either of the others, was completed shortly before 1981.[2]: 2 

Nearly 1,100 artifacts were recovered from the test pits of the third excavation, including animal bones, stone tools, and over 500 potsherds of various styles. Among the potsherds were pieces decorated with unusual geometric designs; no other site is known to have produced pottery with these designs.[2]: 2 

Preservation

[edit]

Intensive industrialization in the river valleys of southwestern Pennsylvania has likely destroyed most of the region's Monongahela sites originally located in floodplains. Moreover, it is possible that many unknown sites have been destroyed during the process of surface mining for coal in the region.[2]: 3  In contrast to this common situation, the Enlow Fork in the vicinity of the Fisher site is quite undeveloped; only small roads traverse the region, and — unlike in southern Richhill Township — no gas wells operate nearby.[3] The pristine condition of the site and the likelihood that it will yield information about the little-known Drew Phase has led it to be assessed as highly worthy of preservation.[2]: 3  In accordance with this goal, the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.[1]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Michael, Ronald L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Fisher Site (36GR21). National Park Service, 1981-01-15.
  3. ^ a b DeLorme. Pennsylvania Atlas & Gazetteer. 8th ed. Yarmouth: DeLorme, 2003, 84. ISBN 0-89933-280-3.
  4. ^ George, Richard L. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Deffenbaugh Site (36FA57). National Park Service, 1981-07-31.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Michael, Ronald L. Archaeological Study for Wheeling Creek Watershed Site PA-648, Greene and Washington Counties, Pennsylvania. Uniontown: NPW, 1981.
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