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{{short description|Malagasy princess and nurse}}
{{short description|Malagasy princess and nurse}}
{{Expand Thai|เจ้าหญิงมารี-หลุยส์แห่งมาดากัสการ์|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Marie-Louis
| name = Marie-Louise
| title = Princess of Madagascar
| title = Princess of Madagascar
| succession = [[List of Imerina monarchs|Titular Queen of Madagascar]]
| image = Portrait of princess Marie-Louise, grandniece of the Queen Ranavalona III.jpg
| image = Portrait of princess Marie-Louise, grandniece of the Queen Ranavalona III.jpg
| caption = Marie-Louise circa 1900
| caption = Marie-Louise in 1901
| reign = 23 May 1917 – 18 January 1948
| coronation =
| coronation =
| full name =
| full name =
| predecessor = [[Ranavalona III]]
| spouse = André Bossard
| spouse = Andre Bossard
| issue =
| issue =
| dynasty = Hova
| dynasty = Hova
| father =
| father =
| mother = Princess Razafinandriamanitra
| mother = Princess [[Razafinandriamanitra]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1897|05|01}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1897|05|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = Hotel de l'Europe<br>[[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]], [[Réunion]]<br>[[Overseas department and region|Overseas Department of France]]
| birth_place = Hotel de l'Europe, [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]], [[Réunion]], [[French Third Republic|France]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1948|01|18|1897|05|01}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1948|01|18|1897|05|01|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Bazoches-sur-le-Betz]], [[Loiret]]<br>[[Centre-Val de Loire]]<br>[[French Fourth Republic]]
| death_place = [[Bazoches-sur-le-Betz]], [[Loiret]], [[French Fourth Republic|France]]
| burial_date =
| burial_date =
| burial_place = Cimetière de Montreuil
| burial_place = Cimetière de Montreuil
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}}
}}


'''Princess Marie-Louise Razafinkeriefo of Madagascar''' (1 May 1897 – 18 January 1948) was the last [[heiress apparent]] and [[pretender]] to the throne of the [[Merina Kingdom|Kingdom of Madagascar]]. She was a grandniece, and the adoptive daughter, of [[Ranavalona III]]. During [[World War II]] she worked as a nurse and was awarded the [[Legion of Honour]] by the French government for her medical service.
'''Princess Marie-Louise Razafinkeriefo of Madagascar''' (1 May 1897 – 18 January 1948) was the last [[heir apparent]] to the throne of the [[Merina Kingdom|Kingdom of Madagascar]]. She was a grandniece, and the adoptive daughter, of [[Ranavalona III]]. During [[World War II]], she worked as a nurse and was made a Dame of the [[National Order of the Legion of Honour]] by the French government for her medical service.


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
[[File:Queen Ranavalona III with grandniece Marie-Louise, ca. 1905.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Princess Marie-Louise (right) with Queen Ranavalona III at [[Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], in 1905]]
[[File:Queen Ranavalona III with grandniece Marie-Louise, ca. 1905.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Princess Marie-Louise (right) with Queen Ranavalona III at [[Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], in 1905]]
Princess Marie-Louise of Madagascar was born in exile on 1 May 1897 at the Hotel de l'Europe in [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]], [[Réunion]]. Her mother, Princess Razafinandriamanitra, was a niece of [[Ranavalona III]]. She was an illegitimate child, as her mother had conceived her with an unknown French soldier. She was born while the royal family was in exile in French territory after the [[Merina Kingdom|Malagasy monarchy]] was abolished due to [[Second Madagascar expedition|French colonial rule]]. Her mother died five days after giving birth. Although the royal family were Protestant, Marie-Louise was baptized in the Catholic faith to appease the French.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/ranavalona-iii-of-madagascar/queens-regnant-ranavalona-iii-madagascar/|title=Queens Regnant: Ranavalona III of Madagascar|date=14 July 2017|website=Historyofroyalwomen.com|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref> She was later adopted by Queen Ranavalona and was, according to the traditional rules of succession, the heir apparent to the abolished throne of Madagascar.<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996260–266">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], pp.&nbsp;260–266.</ref>
Princess Marie-Louise of Madagascar was born in exile on 1 May 1897 at the Hotel de l'Europe in [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]], [[Réunion]]. Her mother, Princess [[Razafinandriamanitra]], was a daughter of Princess [[Rasendranoro]] and a niece of [[Ranavalona III]]. She was an illegitimate child, as her mother had conceived her with an unknown [[French people|French]] soldier. She was born while the royal family was in exile in French territory after the [[Merina Kingdom|Malagasy monarchy]] was abolished due to [[Second Madagascar expedition|French colonial rule]]. Her mother died five days after giving birth. Although the royal family were Protestant, Marie-Louise was baptized in the Catholic faith at the [[Saint-Denis Cathedral, Réunion|Cathedral of St. Denis]] to appease the French.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://7lameslamer.net/les-flamboyants-de-l-exil-2eme.html|title = La "Petite fille du Bon Dieu" au cimetière de Saint-Denis (2) - 7 Lames la Mer|date = 14 March 2019}}</ref> She was later adopted by Queen Ranavalona and was, according to the traditional rules of succession, the heir apparent to the abolished throne of Madagascar.<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996260–266">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], pp.&nbsp;260–266.</ref>


Within a month of arriving in Saint-Denis, the royal family were moved into a house on the corner of rue de l'Arsenal and rue du Rempart near the French government offices owned by Madame de Villentroy. Along with the queen and princesses, the royal household included two secretaries, a cook, a maid, and servants.<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996267">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], p.&nbsp;267.</ref> They lived in the house for almost two years before they were moved by the French government. With tensions between France and the United Kingdom over conflict in Sudan, French officials became concerned that Madagascar might launch a rebellion against French rule. Queen Ranavalona's presence in Réunion was seen as a possible source of encouragement for Malagasy rebels, so the royal family was relocated. On 1 February 1899 they boarded the Yang-Tse and sailed to [[Marseilles]].<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996269–271">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], pp.&nbsp;269–271.</ref> They were held in France for several months before being transferred to a villa in Mustapha Superieur in [[French Algeria]]. Despite being Catholic, Marie-Louise attended Protestant services at a [[Reformed Church of France|Reformed church]] with her family in central Algiers.<ref name="FOOTNOTESaillens1906">[[#CITEREFSaillens1906|Saillens 1906]].</ref>
Within a month of arriving in Saint-Denis, the royal family were moved into a house owned by Madame de Villentroy on the corner of rue de l'Arsenal and rue du Rempart near the French government offices. Along with the queen and princesses, the royal household included two secretaries, a cook, a maid, and servants.<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996267">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], p.&nbsp;267.</ref> They lived in the house for almost two years before they were moved by the French government. With tensions between France and the United Kingdom over conflict in Sudan, French officials became concerned that Madagascar might launch a rebellion against French rule. Queen Ranavalona's presence in Réunion was seen as a possible source of encouragement for Malagasy rebels, so the royal family was relocated. On 1 February 1899, they boarded the steamship ''Yang-Tse'' and sailed to [[Marseilles]].<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996269–271">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], pp.&nbsp;269–271.</ref> They were held in France for several months before being transferred to a villa in Mustapha Superieur in [[French Algeria]]. Despite being Catholic, Marie-Louise attended Protestant services at a [[Reformed Church of France|Reformed Church]] with her family in central Algiers.<ref name="FOOTNOTESaillens1906">[[#CITEREFSaillens1906|Saillens 1906]] p. 449.</ref>
{{multiple image
{{multiple image
| footer = Queen Ranavalona III's arrival in France for her first official visit, accompanied by Princess Ramasindrazana and Princess Marie-Louise in 1901 (left), and the royal trio in Algiers in 1899 (right)
| footer = Queen Ranavalona III's arrival in France for her first official visit, accompanied by Princess [[Ramasindrazana]] and Princess Marie-Louise in 1901 (left), and the royal trio in Algiers in 1899 (right)
| align = left
| align = left
| image1 = Petit Journal Ranavalona III arrive a Paris.jpg
| image1 = Petit Journal Ranavalona III arrive a Paris.jpg
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| width2 = 138
| width2 = 138
}}
}}
Marie-Louise left Algeria for France to attend secondary school at the Lycée de Jeunes filles de Versailles.<ref name= royalark>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalark.net/Madagascar/madagascar2.htm|title=Madagascar 2|website=Royalark.net|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref> During that time, her great-aunt Queen Ranavalona died in 1917. In France, Marie-Louise met a French agricultural engineer named Andre Bosshard. They married on 24 June 1921.<ref name= royalark/> She continued to receive a small pension from the French government, but decided to pursue a career as a nurse. She was awarded the [[Legion of Honor]] by the French government for her medical services during [[World War II]].<ref name= royalark/> Marie-Louise and Bosshard's marriage was childless, and they later divorced.<ref name= royalark/> She lived her remaining years as a socialite in Parisian high society. She died in [[Bazoches-sur-le-Betz]] on 18 January 1948 and was buried in [[Montreuil]].<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996358">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], p.&nbsp;358.</ref> She was the last successor to the throne of Madagascar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/states/africa/madagascar.html|title=MADAGASCAR|website=Members.iinet.net.au|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref>
Marie-Louise left Algeria for France to attend secondary school at the Lycée de Jeunes filles de Versailles.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} During that time, her great-aunt, Queen Ranavalona died in 1917. In France, Marie-Louise met a French agricultural engineer named André Bossard. They married on 24 June 1921.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} She continued to receive a small pension from the French government, but decided to pursue a career as a nurse. She was awarded Dame of the [[National Order of the Legion of Honor]] by the French government for her medical services during [[World War II]].{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} Marie-Louise and Bosshard's marriage was childless, and they later divorced.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} She lived her remaining years as a socialite in Parisian high society. She died in [[Bazoches-sur-le-Betz]] on 18 January 1948 and was buried in Montreuil.<ref name="FOOTNOTEBarrier1996358">[[#CITEREFBarrier1996|Barrier 1996]], p.&nbsp;358.</ref> She was the last successor to the throne of Madagascar.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}


===Foreign honors===
===Foreign honors===
* [[File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg|50px]] Dame of the [[Legion of Honour|Order of the Legion of Honor]]
* [[File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg|50px]] Dame of the [[National Order of the Legion of Honour]]
{{-}}
{{-}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book
| last = Barrier
| first = Marie-France
| year = 1996
| title = Ranavalona, dernière reine de Madagascar
| publisher = Balland
| location = Paris
| isbn = 978-2-7158-1094-5
}}
* {{cite news
| last = Saillens
| first = Pasteur R.
| year = 1906
| title = Impressions of Algeria
| newspaper = The Missionary Review of the World
| volume = 29
| publisher = Funk & Wagnalls
| location = London
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=joIDAAAAYAAJ
}}


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}
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[[Category:1897 births]]
[[Category:1897 births]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:Heirs apparent]]
[[Category:African princesses]]
⚫
[[Category:Exiled royalty]]
[[Category:French women nurses]]
[[Category:French nurses]]
[[Category:French nurses]]
[[Category:French socialites]]
[[Category:French socialites]]
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[[Category:Malagasy exiles]]
[[Category:Malagasy exiles]]
[[Category:Malagasy expatriates in Algeria]]
[[Category:Malagasy expatriates in Algeria]]
[[Category:Malagasy expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Malagasy emigrants to France]]
[[Category:Malagasy people of French descent]]
[[Category:Malagasy people of French descent]]
⚫
[[Category:Malagasy monarchy]]
[[Category:Malagasy royalty]]
[[Category:Malagasy royalty]]
[[Category:Malagasy Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Malagasy Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Legion of Honour recipients]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:People from Saint-Denis, Réunion]]
[[Category:People from Saint-Denis, Réunion]]
[[Category:People of Malagasy descent from Réunion]]
[[Category:People from Réunion of Malagasy descent]]
[[Category:Pretenders]]
[[Category:Pretenders]]
[[Category:World War II nurses]]
[[Category:World War II nurses]]
[[Category:Women from Réunion]]
[[Category:Women from Réunion]]
[[Category:Heirs apparent who never acceded]]
[[Category:Female heirs apparent]]
[[Category:20th-century French women]]

Latest revision as of 03:18, 2 July 2024

Marie-Louise
Princess of Madagascar
Marie-Louise in 1901
Born(1897-05-01)1 May 1897
Hotel de l'Europe, Saint-Denis, Réunion, France
Died18 January 1948(1948-01-18) (aged 50)
Bazoches-sur-le-Betz, Loiret, France
Burial
Cimetière de Montreuil
SpouseAndré Bossard
DynastyHova
MotherPrincess Razafinandriamanitra
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Princess Marie-Louise Razafinkeriefo of Madagascar (1 May 1897 – 18 January 1948) was the last heir apparent to the throne of the Kingdom of Madagascar. She was a grandniece, and the adoptive daughter, of Ranavalona III. During World War II, she worked as a nurse and was made a Dame of the National Order of the Legion of Honour by the French government for her medical service.

Biography

[edit]
Princess Marie-Louise (right) with Queen Ranavalona III at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, in 1905

Princess Marie-Louise of Madagascar was born in exile on 1 May 1897 at the Hotel de l'Europe in Saint-Denis, Réunion. Her mother, Princess Razafinandriamanitra, was a daughter of Princess Rasendranoro and a niece of Ranavalona III. She was an illegitimate child, as her mother had conceived her with an unknown French soldier. She was born while the royal family was in exile in French territory after the Malagasy monarchy was abolished due to French colonial rule. Her mother died five days after giving birth. Although the royal family were Protestant, Marie-Louise was baptized in the Catholic faith at the Cathedral of St. Denis to appease the French.[1] She was later adopted by Queen Ranavalona and was, according to the traditional rules of succession, the heir apparent to the abolished throne of Madagascar.[2]

Within a month of arriving in Saint-Denis, the royal family were moved into a house owned by Madame de Villentroy on the corner of rue de l'Arsenal and rue du Rempart near the French government offices. Along with the queen and princesses, the royal household included two secretaries, a cook, a maid, and servants.[3] They lived in the house for almost two years before they were moved by the French government. With tensions between France and the United Kingdom over conflict in Sudan, French officials became concerned that Madagascar might launch a rebellion against French rule. Queen Ranavalona's presence in Réunion was seen as a possible source of encouragement for Malagasy rebels, so the royal family was relocated. On 1 February 1899, they boarded the steamship Yang-Tse and sailed to Marseilles.[4] They were held in France for several months before being transferred to a villa in Mustapha Superieur in French Algeria. Despite being Catholic, Marie-Louise attended Protestant services at a Reformed Church with her family in central Algiers.[5]

Queen Ranavalona III's arrival in France for her first official visit, accompanied by Princess Ramasindrazana and Princess Marie-Louise in 1901 (left), and the royal trio in Algiers in 1899 (right)

Marie-Louise left Algeria for France to attend secondary school at the Lycée de Jeunes filles de Versailles.[citation needed] During that time, her great-aunt, Queen Ranavalona died in 1917. In France, Marie-Louise met a French agricultural engineer named André Bossard. They married on 24 June 1921.[citation needed] She continued to receive a small pension from the French government, but decided to pursue a career as a nurse. She was awarded Dame of the National Order of the Legion of Honor by the French government for her medical services during World War II.[citation needed] Marie-Louise and Bosshard's marriage was childless, and they later divorced.[citation needed] She lived her remaining years as a socialite in Parisian high society. She died in Bazoches-sur-le-Betz on 18 January 1948 and was buried in Montreuil.[6] She was the last successor to the throne of Madagascar.[citation needed]

Foreign honors

[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marie-Louise Ranavalo.
  1. ^ "La "Petite fille du Bon Dieu" au cimetière de Saint-Denis (2) - 7 Lames la Mer". 14 March 2019.
  2. ^ Barrier 1996, pp. 260–266.
  3. ^ Barrier 1996, p. 267.
  4. ^ Barrier 1996, pp. 269–271.
  5. ^ Saillens 1906 p. 449.
  6. ^ Barrier 1996, p. 358.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Barrier, Marie-France (1996). Ranavalona, dernière reine de Madagascar. Paris: Balland. ISBN 978-2-7158-1094-5.
  • Saillens, Pasteur R. (1906). "Impressions of Algeria". The Missionary Review of the World. Vol. 29. London: Funk & Wagnalls.
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