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Pont Ambroix: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 43°43′02″N 4°09′07″E / 43.7172°N 4.1519°E / 43.7172; 4.1519
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox Bridge
{{Infobox Bridge
|bridge_name = Pont Ambroix
|bridge_name = Pont Ambroix
|image = Pont Ambroix, Gard department, France. Pic 01.jpg
|image = Ambrussum pont Ambroix.JPG
|caption = Remaining arch of the Pont Ambroix
|caption = Remaining arch of the Pont Ambroix
|official_name =
|official_name =
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|closed =
|closed =
|toll =
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|coordinates = {{coord|43.7172|4.1519|region:FR|display=inline,title}}
|map_cue =
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{{Location map
|France
|label = Pont Ambroix
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|position = right
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|lon_dir=W
|lat_dir=N
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|lat = 43.717222
|long = 4.151944
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The '''Pont Ambroix''' or '''Pont d'Ambrussum''' ([[French language|French]] for ''Ambrussum Bridge'') was a 1st-century BC [[Roman bridge]] in the south of [[France]] which was part of the [[Via Domitia]]. It crossed the [[Vidourle]] at [[Ambrussum]], between today's [[Gallargues-le-Montueux]] in the [[Gard]] department and [[Villetelle]] in the [[Hérault]] department.
The '''Pont Ambroix''' or '''Pont d'Ambrussum''' (French for ''Ambrussum Bridge'') was a 1st-century BC [[Roman bridge]] in the south of France that was part of the [[Via Domitia]]. It crossed the [[Vidourle]] at [[Ambrussum]] between today's [[Gallargues-le-Montueux]] in the [[Gard]] department and [[Villetelle]] in the [[Hérault]] department.


In the [[High Middle Ages]], a [[chapel]] devoted to [[St Mary]] was added to the structure. Today, only one of the original eleven arches remains in the middle of the river.
In the [[High Middle Ages]], a chapel devoted to [[St Mary]] was added to the structure. Only one of the original eleven arches remains in the middle of the river.


Ambrussum contains three archaeological sites of international importance: the Colline de Devès which was first occupied in 2300 BCE and settled as an [[oppidum]] between 300 BCE and 100 AD; the Roman [[mutatio|staging post]] on the [[Via Domitia]] which had hotels, a baths and industrial buildings; and the '''Pont Ambroix'''.
Ambrussum contains three archaeological sites of international importance: the Colline de Devès which was first occupied in 2300 BC and settled as an ''[[oppidum]]'' between 300 BC and 100 AD; the Roman [[mutatio|staging post]] on the [[Via Domitia]] which had hotels, a baths and industrial buildings; and the Pont Ambroix.


The bridge was sketched by Anne Rulman in 1620 and the drawing shows only four arches. A 1839 lithograph and a painting by [[Gustave Courbet]] (1857) show two arches.
The bridge was sketched by Anne Rulman in 1620 and the drawing shows only four arches. An 1839 lithograph and a painting by [[Gustave Courbet]] (1857) show two arches.


The Vidourlades are violent floods or crues on the Vidourle, During a crue, the water flow increases from a minimum of 3m³/sec to over 3000m³/sec. Floods were recorded 8 October 1723. The floods of 18 November 1745 reduced the bridge from four arches to three. Further major floods occurred 6 October 1812, 21 October 1891, 21 September 1907. The floods of 7 September 1933 reduced the bridge from two arches to the one we see today.The site was abandoned when transit patterns changed, the Domitia became less important and the community relocated to [[Lunel-Viel]] which better served a north south transit pattern, but the bridge continued in use till the late Middle Ages.
The Vidourlades are violent floods on the Vidourle, in which the water flow increases from a minimum of 3&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/s to over 3000&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/s. Floods were recorded 8 October 1723. The floods of 18 November 1745 reduced the bridge from four arches to three. Further major floods occurred 6 October 1812, 21 October 1891, 21 September 1907. The floods of 7 September 1933 reduced the bridge from two arches to the one we see today.


The site was abandoned when transit patterns changed; the Via Domitia became less important and the community relocated to [[Lunel-Viel]] which better served a north–south transit pattern, but the bridge continued in use until the late Middle Ages.
⚫
The bridge is a [[Base Mérimée|Mérimée list National Monument]] No. PA00103057. The oppidum is a Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103760

⚫
The bridge is a [[Base Mérimée|Mérimée list National Monument]] No. PA00103057. The oppidum is Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103760
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Pons Ambrussi.JPG|In 1620
File:Pons Ambrussi.JPG|In 1620
File:Pont d'Ambrussium-Lith-Thierry Freres.JPG|In 1839
File:Pont d'Ambrussium-Lith-Thierry Freres.JPG|In 1839
File:Courbet pont dambrussum.jpg|In 1857
File:Gustave Courbet, 1857, Le Pont d'Ambrussum, huile sur papier marouflé sur bois, 48 x 63 cm, Musée Fabre.jpg|In 1857
</gallery>
</gallery>

⚫
== See also ==
⚫
* [[List of bridges in France]]
* [[List of Roman bridges]]
⚫
* [[Roman architecture]]
⚫
* [[Roman engineering]]


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
Line 93: Line 70:
| page = 97 (G8)
| page = 97 (G8)
}}
}}

⚫
== See also ==
⚫
* [[List of Roman bridges]]
⚫
* [[Roman architecture]]
⚫
* [[Roman engineering]]


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commonscat-inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* {{Structurae|id=s0002563|title=Pont Ambroix}}
* {{Structurae|id=20002563|title=Pont Ambroix}}
* [http://www.poster-und-kunstdrucke.de/images/product-pics/artist/courbet/courbet_pont_dambrussum.jpg Painting of the bridge by] [[Gustave Courbet]]
* [http://www.poster-und-kunstdrucke.de/images/product-pics/artist/courbet/courbet_pont_dambrussum.jpg Painting of the bridge by] [[Gustave Courbet]]


{{Roman bridges}}
{{Roman bridges}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|43|43|2|N|4|9|7|E|type:landmark_region:FR|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ambroix, Pont}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ambroix, Pont}}
[[Category:Roman bridges in France]]
[[Category:Roman bridges in France]]
[[Category:Deck arch bridges]]
[[Category:Deck arch bridges]]
[[Category:Stone bridges]]
[[Category:Stone bridges in France]]
[[Category:1st-century BC bridges]]
[[Category:Bridges completed in the 1st century BC]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Gard]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Gard]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Hérault]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Hérault]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Gard]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Gard]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Hérault]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hérault]]
[[Category:1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic]]

Latest revision as of 14:20, 3 July 2024

Pont Ambroix
Remaining arch of the Pont Ambroix
Coordinates43°43′02″N 4°09′07″E / 43.7172°N 4.1519°E / 43.7172; 4.1519
CarriesVia Domitia
CrossesVidourle
LocaleAmbrussum, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
Characteristics
DesignArch bridge
MaterialStone
History
Construction end1st century BC
Location
Map

The Pont Ambroix or Pont d'Ambrussum (French for Ambrussum Bridge) was a 1st-century BC Roman bridge in the south of France that was part of the Via Domitia. It crossed the Vidourle at Ambrussum between today's Gallargues-le-Montueux in the Gard department and Villetelle in the Hérault department.

In the High Middle Ages, a chapel devoted to St Mary was added to the structure. Only one of the original eleven arches remains in the middle of the river.

Ambrussum contains three archaeological sites of international importance: the Colline de Devès which was first occupied in 2300 BC and settled as an oppidum between 300 BC and 100 AD; the Roman staging post on the Via Domitia which had hotels, a baths and industrial buildings; and the Pont Ambroix.

The bridge was sketched by Anne Rulman in 1620 and the drawing shows only four arches. An 1839 lithograph and a painting by Gustave Courbet (1857) show two arches.

The Vidourlades are violent floods on the Vidourle, in which the water flow increases from a minimum of 3 m3/s to over 3000 m3/s. Floods were recorded 8 October 1723. The floods of 18 November 1745 reduced the bridge from four arches to three. Further major floods occurred 6 October 1812, 21 October 1891, 21 September 1907. The floods of 7 September 1933 reduced the bridge from two arches to the one we see today.

The site was abandoned when transit patterns changed; the Via Domitia became less important and the community relocated to Lunel-Viel which better served a north–south transit pattern, but the bridge continued in use until the late Middle Ages.

The bridge is a Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103057. The oppidum is Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103760

  • In 1620
    In 1620
  • In 1839
    In 1839
  • In 1857
    In 1857

See also

[edit]

Sources

[edit]
  • O’Connor, Colin (1993), Roman Bridges, Cambridge University Press, p. 97 (G8), ISBN 0-521-39326-4
[edit]
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