Mathematics and fiber arts: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Latest revision as of 15:55, 3 July 2024

Ideas from mathematics have been used as inspiration for fiber arts including quilt making, knitting, cross-stitch, crochet, embroidery and weaving. A wide range of mathematical concepts have been used as inspiration including topology, graph theory, number theory and algebra. Some techniques such as counted-thread embroidery are naturally geometrical; other kinds of textile provide a ready means for the colorful physical expression of mathematical concepts.

Quilting

The IEEE Spectrum has organized a number of competitions on quilt block design, and several books have been published on the subject. Notable quiltmakers include Diana Venters and Elaine Ellison, who have written a book on the subject Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required. Examples of mathematical ideas used in the book as the basis of a quilt include the golden rectangle, conic sections, Leonardo da Vinci's Claw, the Koch curve, the Clifford torus, San Gaku, Mascheroni's cardioid, Pythagorean triples, spidrons, and the six trigonometric functions.^[1]

Knitting and crochet

Knitted mathematical objects include the Platonic solids, Klein bottles and Boy's surface. The Lorenz manifold and the hyperbolic plane have been crafted using crochet.^[2]^[3] Knitted and crocheted tori have also been constructed depicting toroidal embeddings of the complete graph K₇ and of the Heawood graph.^[4] The crocheting of hyperbolic planes has been popularized by the Institute For Figuring; a book by Daina Taimina on the subject, Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes, won the 2009 Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year.^[5]

Embroidery

Embroidery techniques such as counted-thread embroidery^[6] including cross-stitch and some canvas work methods such as Bargello make use of the natural pixels of the weave, lending themselves to geometric designs.^[7]^[8]

Weaving

Ada Dietz (1882 – 1981) was an American weaver best known for her 1949 monograph Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles, which defines weaving patterns based on the expansion of multivariate polynomials.^[9]

J. C. P. Miller (1970) used the Rule 90 cellular automaton to design tapestries depicting both trees and abstract patterns of triangles.^[10]

Spinning

Margaret Greig was a mathematician who articulated the mathematics of worsted spinning.^[11]

Fashion design

The silk scarves from DMCK Designs' 2013 collection are all based on Douglas McKenna's space-filling curve patterns.^[12] The designs are either generalized Peano curves, or based on a new space-filling construction technique.^[13]^[14]

The Issey Miyake Fall-Winter 2010–2011 ready-to-wear collection designs from a collaboration between fashion designer Dai Fujiwara and mathematician William Thurston. The designs were inspired by Thurston's geometrization conjecture, the statement that every 3-manifold can be decomposed into pieces with one of eight different uniform geometries, a proof of which had been sketched in 2003 by Grigori Perelman as part of his proof of the Poincaré conjecture.^[15]

References

^ Ellison, Elaine; Venters, Diana (1999). Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required. Key Curriculum. ISBN 1-55953-317-X..
^ Henderson, David; Taimina, Daina (2001), "Crocheting the hyperbolic plane" (PDF), Mathematical Intelligencer, 23 (2): 17–28, doi:10.1007/BF03026623, S2CID 120271314}.
^ Osinga, Hinke M.; Krauskopf, Bernd (2004), "Crocheting the Lorenz manifold" (PDF), Mathematical Intelligencer, 26 (4): 25–37, doi:10.1007/BF02985416, S2CID 119728638.
^ belcastro, sarah-marie; Yackel, Carolyn (2009), "The seven-colored torus: mathematically interesting and nontrivial to construct", in Pegg, Ed Jr.; Schoen, Alan H.; Rodgers, Tom (eds.), Homage to a Pied Puzzler, AK Peters, pp. 25–32.
^ Bloxham, Andy (March 26, 2010), "Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes wins oddest book title award", The Telegraph.
^ Gillow, John, and Bryan Sentance. World Textiles, Little, Brown, 1999.
^ Snook, Barbara. Florentine Embroidery. Scribner, Second edition 1967.
^ Williams, Elsa S. Bargello: Florentine Canvas Work. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1967.
^ Dietz, Ada K. (1949), Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles (PDF), Louisville, Kentucky: The Little Loomhouse, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-22, retrieved 2007-09-27
^ Miller, J. C. P. (1970), "Periodic forests of stunted trees", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 266 (1172): 63–111, Bibcode:1970RSPTA.266...63M, doi:10.1098/rsta.1970.0003, JSTOR 73779, S2CID 123330469
^ Catharine M. C. Haines (2001), International Women in Science, ABC-CLIO, p. 118, ISBN 9781576070901
^ "Space-Filling Curves". DMCK. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
^ McKenna, Douglas (24 July 2007). "The 7 Curve, Carpets, Quilts, and Other Asymmetric, Square-Filling, Threaded Tile Designs". Bridges Donostia: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture. The Bridges Organization. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
^ McKenna, Douglas (26 Nov 2023). "Designing Symmetric Peano Curve Tiling Patterns with Escher-esque Foreground/Background Ambiguity". Bridges Leeuwarden: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture. The Bridges Organization. Retrieved 26 Nov 2023.
^ Barchfield, Jenny (March 5, 2010), Fashion and Advanced Mathematics Meet at Miyake, ABC News.

External links

[1] Ellison, Elaine; Venters, Diana (1999). Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required. Key Curriculum. ISBN 1-55953-317-X..

[2] Henderson, David; Taimina, Daina (2001), "Crocheting the hyperbolic plane" (PDF), Mathematical Intelligencer, 23 (2): 17–28, doi:10.1007/BF03026623, S2CID 120271314}.

[3] Osinga, Hinke M.; Krauskopf, Bernd (2004), "Crocheting the Lorenz manifold" (PDF), Mathematical Intelligencer, 26 (4): 25–37, doi:10.1007/BF02985416, S2CID 119728638.

[4] stro, sarah-marie; Yackel, Carolyn (2009), "The seven-colored torus: mathematically interesting and nontrivial to construct", in Pegg, Ed Jr.; Schoen, Alan H.; Rodgers, Tom (eds.), Homage to a Pied Puzzler, AK Peters, pp. 25–32.

[5] Bloxham, Andy (March 26, 2010), "Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes wins oddest book title award", The Telegraph.

[6] Gillow, John, and Bryan Sentance. World Textiles, Little, Brown, 1999.

[7] Snook, Barbara. Florentine Embroidery. Scribner, Second edition 1967.

[8] Williams, Elsa S. Bargello: Florentine Canvas Work. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1967.

[9] Dietz, Ada K. (1949), Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles (PDF), Louisville, Kentucky: The Little Loomhouse, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-22, retrieved 2007-09-27

[10] Miller, J. C. P. (1970), "Periodic forests of stunted trees", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 266 (1172): 63–111, Bibcode:1970RSPTA.266...63M, doi:10.1098/rsta.1970.0003, JSTOR 73779, S2CID 123330469

[11] Catharine M. C. Haines (2001), International Women in Science, ABC-CLIO, p. 118, ISBN 9781576070901

[12] "Space-Filling Curves". DMCK. Retrieved 15 May 2015.

[13] McKenna, Douglas (24 July 2007). "The 7 Curve, Carpets, Quilts, and Other Asymmetric, Square-Filling, Threaded Tile Designs". Bridges Donostia: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture. The Bridges Organization. Retrieved 15 May 2015.

[14] McKenna, Douglas (26 Nov 2023). "Designing Symmetric Peano Curve Tiling Patterns with Escher-esque Foreground/Background Ambiguity". Bridges Leeuwarden: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture. The Bridges Organization. Retrieved 26 Nov 2023.

[15] Barchfield, Jenny (March 5, 2010), Fashion and Advanced Mathematics Meet at Miyake, ABC News.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Ideas from Mathematics have been used as inspiration for fiber arts}}
-[[Image:Moebiusstripscarf.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A [[Möbius strip]] scarf made from crochet.]]
+[[File:Moebiusstripscarf.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A [[Möbius strip]] scarf made from crochet.]]
-[[Mathematics|Mathematical]] ideas have been used as inspiration for a number of [[fiber art]]s including [[quilt]] [[quilting|making]], [[knitting]], [[cross-stitch]], [[crochet]], [[embroidery]] and [[weaving]]. A wide range of mathematical concepts have been used as inspiration including [[topology]], [[graph theory]], [[number theory]] and [[algebra]].
+Ideas from [[mathematics]] have been used as inspiration for [[fiber art]]s including [[quilt]] [[quilting|making]], [[knitting]], [[cross-stitch]], [[crochet]], [[embroidery]] and [[weaving]]. A wide range of mathematical concepts have been used as inspiration including [[topology]], [[graph theory]], [[number theory]] and [[algebra]]. Some techniques such as [[counted-thread embroidery]] are naturally [[geometry|geometrical]]; other kinds of [[textile]] provide a ready means for the colorful [[mathematics and art|physical expression of mathematical concepts]].
 ==Quilting==
+{{main|quilt}}
-The [[IEEE Spectrum]] has organised a number of competitions on Quilt Block Design, and several books have been published on the subject. Notable quilt makers include Diana Venters and Elaine Ellison, who have written a book on the subject ''Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required''. Examples of mathematical ideas used in the book as the basis of a quilt include the [[golden rectangle]], [[conic section]]s, [[Leonardo da Vinci]]'s Claw, the [[Koch curve]], the [[Clifford torus]], [[San Gaku]], [[Lorenzo Mascheroni|Mascheroni]]'s [[cardioid]], [[Pythagorean triple]]s, [[spidron]]s, and the six [[trigonometric functions]].
+The [[IEEE Spectrum]] has organized a number of competitions on [[quilt block]] design, and several books have been published on the subject. Notable quiltmakers include Diana Venters and Elaine Ellison, who have written a book on the subject ''Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required''. Examples of mathematical ideas used in the book as the basis of a quilt include the [[golden rectangle]], [[conic section]]s, [[Leonardo da Vinci]]'s Claw, the [[Koch curve]], the [[Clifford torus]], [[San Gaku]], [[Lorenzo Mascheroni|Mascheroni]]'s [[cardioid]], [[Pythagorean triple]]s, [[spidron]]s, and the six [[trigonometric functions]].<ref>{{cite book | last1=Ellison | first1=Elaine | last2=Venters | first2=Diana | isbn=1-55953-317-X | publisher=Key Curriculum | title=Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required | year=1999}}.</ref>
 ==Knitting and crochet==
+[[Image:Cross stitch embroidery.jpg|thumb|[[Cross-stitch]] [[counted-thread embroidery]]]]
-Knitted mathematical objects include the [[Platonic solid]]s, [[Klein bottle]]s, [[Boy's surface]], the [[Lorenz attractor|Lorenz manifold]], and the [[hyperbolic plane]].
+Knitted mathematical objects include the [[Platonic solid]]s, [[Klein bottle]]s and [[Boy's surface]].
+The [[Lorenz attractor|Lorenz manifold]] and the [[Hyperbolic manifold|hyperbolic plane]] have been crafted using crochet.<ref>{{citation | last1 = Henderson | first1 = David | last2 = Taimina | first2 = Daina | author2-link = Daina Taimina | doi = 10.1007/BF03026623 | issue = 2 | journal = [[Mathematical Intelligencer]]
+ | pages = 17–28 | title = Crocheting the hyperbolic plane | url = http://www.math.cornell.edu/%7Edwh/papers/crochet/crochet.PDF | volume = 23 | year = 2001| s2cid = 120271314 }}}.</ref><ref>{{citation | last1 = Osinga | first1 = Hinke M. | author1-link = Hinke Osinga
+ | last2 = Krauskopf | first2 = Bernd | doi = 10.1007/BF02985416 | issue = 4 | journal = Mathematical Intelligencer | pages = 25–37 | title = Crocheting the Lorenz manifold | url = https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/files/163834512/2004r03.pdf | volume = 26 | year = 2004| s2cid = 119728638 }}.</ref> Knitted and crocheted [[torus|tori]] have also been constructed depicting [[toroidal graph|toroidal embeddings]] of the [[complete graph]] ''K''<sub>7</sub> and of the [[Heawood graph]].<ref>{{citation|first1=sarah-marie|last1=belcastro|first2=Carolyn|last2=Yackel|contribution=The seven-colored torus: mathematically interesting and nontrivial to construct|pages=25–32|title=Homage to a Pied Puzzler|editor1-first=Ed Jr. |editor1-last=Pegg|editor1-link=Ed Pegg, Jr.|editor2-first=Alan H.|editor2-last=Schoen|editor3-first=Tom|editor3-last=Rodgers|publisher=AK Peters|year=2009}}.</ref> The crocheting of hyperbolic planes has been popularized by the [[Institute For Figuring]]; a book by [[Daina Taimina]] on the subject, ''[[Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes]]'', won the 2009 [[Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year]].<ref>{{citation | last = Bloxham | first = Andy | date = March 26, 2010 | journal = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | title = Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes wins oddest book title award
+ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookprizes/7520047/Crocheting-Adventures-with-Hyperbolic-Planes-wins-oddest-book-title-award.html}}.</ref>
-==Cross-stitch==
+==Embroidery==
-Many of the [[wallpaper pattern]]s and [[frieze group]]s have been used in cross-stitch.
+[[File:Florentin.png|thumb|upright|Two [[Bargello (needlework)|Bargello patterns]]]]
-== Weaving ==
+Embroidery techniques such as [[counted-thread embroidery]]<ref>Gillow, John, and Bryan Sentance. ''World Textiles'', Little, Brown, 1999.</ref> including [[cross-stitch]] and some [[canvas work]] methods such as [[Bargello (needlework)|Bargello]] make use of the natural [[pixel]]s of the weave, lending themselves to geometric designs.<ref>Snook, Barbara. ''Florentine Embroidery''. Scribner, Second edition 1967.</ref><ref>Williams, Elsa S. ''Bargello: Florentine Canvas Work''. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1967.</ref>
-[[Ada Dietz]] (1882 &ndash; 1950) was an American [[weaving|weaver]] best known for her 1949 monograph ''Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles'', which defines a novel method for generating weaving patterns based on algebraic patterns. Her method employs the expansion of multivariate [[polynomial]]s to devise a weaving scheme. Dietz' work is still well-regarded today, by both weavers and mathematicians. Along with the references listed below, Griswold (2001) cites several additional articles on her work.
+==Weaving==
+<!--[[File:Polynomiography carpet.jpg|thumb|Polynomiography carpet]]-->
+[[Ada Dietz]] (1882 &ndash; 1981) was an American [[weaving|weaver]] best known for her 1949 monograph ''Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles'', which defines weaving patterns based on the expansion of multivariate [[polynomial]]s.<ref>{{citation | last = Dietz | first = Ada K. | location = Louisville, Kentucky | publisher = The Little Loomhouse | title = Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles | url = http://www.cs.arizona.edu/patterns/weaving/monographs/dak_alge.pdf | year = 1949 | access-date = 2007-09-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160222003421/http://www.cs.arizona.edu/patterns/weaving/monographs/dak_alge.pdf | archive-date = 2016-02-22 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
+{{harvs|first=J. C. P.|last=Miller|authorlink=J. C. P. Miller|year=1970|txt}} used the [[Rule 90]] [[cellular automaton]] to design [[tapestry|tapestries]] depicting both trees and abstract patterns of triangles.<ref>{{citation|first=J. C. P.|last=Miller|author-link=J. C. P. Miller|title=Periodic forests of stunted trees |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London |series=Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences |volume=266| issue=1172| year=1970 |pages=63–111 |doi=10.1098/rsta.1970.0003 |bibcode=1970RSPTA.266...63M |jstor=73779|s2cid=123330469}}</ref>
+==Spinning==
+[[Margaret Greig]] was a mathematician who articulated the mathematics of [[worsted spinning]].<ref>{{citation |title=International Women in Science |author=Catharine M. C. Haines |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2001 |isbn=9781576070901 |page=[https://archive.org/details/internationalwom00hain/page/118 118] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/internationalwom00hain/page/118 }}</ref>
+==Fashion design==
+The silk scarves from DMCK Designs' 2013 collection are all based on Douglas McKenna's [[space-filling curve]] patterns.<ref>{{cite web|title=Space-Filling Curves|url=https://dmck.us/the-company/space-filling-curves/|publisher=DMCK|access-date=15 May 2015}}</ref> The designs are either generalized Peano curves, or based on a new space-filling construction technique.<ref>{{cite web | author=McKenna, Douglas |title=The 7 Curve, Carpets, Quilts, and Other Asymmetric, Square-Filling, Threaded Tile Designs |work=Bridges Donostia: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture |url=http://www.bridgesmathart.org/2007/2007-program.html |publisher=The Bridges Organization | date=24 July 2007 |access-date=15 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=McKenna |first1=Douglas |title=Designing Symmetric Peano Curve Tiling Patterns with Escher-esque Foreground/Background Ambiguity |work=Bridges Leeuwarden: Mathematics, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture |url=https://archive.bridgesmathart.org/2008/bridges2008-123.html#gsc.tab=0 |publisher=The Bridges Organization |access-date=26 Nov 2023|date=26 Nov 2023}}</ref>
+The [[Issey Miyake]] Fall-Winter 2010–2011 ready-to-wear collection  designs from a collaboration between fashion designer Dai Fujiwara and mathematician [[William Thurston]]. The designs were inspired by Thurston's [[geometrization conjecture]], the statement that every [[3-manifold]] can be decomposed into pieces with one of eight different uniform geometries, a proof of which had been sketched in 2003 by [[Grigori Perelman]] as part of his proof of the [[Poincaré conjecture]].<ref>{{citation | last = Barchfield | first = Jenny | date = March 5, 2010 | publisher = [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] | title = Fashion and Advanced Mathematics Meet at Miyake | url = https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory?id=10017982}}.</ref>
+==See also==
+* [[Mathematics and art]]
 ==References==
-*{{cite book |last= Ellison |first= Elaine |coauthors= Venters, Diana |title= Mathematical Quilts: No Sewing Required |year= 1999 |publisher= Key Curriculum  |isbn= 155953317X}}
+{{reflist|28em}}
-*{{Citation
-  | last =Henderson
+==Further reading==
-  | first =David
+*{{cite book |editor1=belcastro, sarah-marie<!--intentionally not caps--> |editor2=[[Carolyn Yackel|Yackel, Carolyn]] |title=Making Mathematics with Needlework: Ten Papers and Ten Projects |title-link= Making Mathematics with Needlework |year=2007 |publisher=A K Peters |isbn=978-1-56881-331-8}}
-  | author-link =
+*{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/2690105 |author1=Grünbaum, Branko |author-link1=Branko Grünbaum |author2=Shephard, Geoffrey C. |title=Satins and Twills: An Introduction to the Geometry of Fabrics |date=May 1980 |journal=Mathematics Magazine |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=139–161 |jstor=2690105|hdl=10338.dmlcz/104026 |hdl-access=free }}
-  | last2 =Taimina
+*{{cite book |author=Taimina, Daina |author-link=Daina Taimina|title=Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes |year=2009 |publisher=A K Peters |isbn=978-1-56881-452-0}}
-  | first2 =Daina
-  | author2-link =
-  | title =Crocheting the hyperbolic plane
-  | journal =Math. Intelligencer
-  | volume =23
-  | issue =2
-  | pages =17&ndash;28
-  | date =
-  | year =2001
-  | url =http://www.math.cornell.edu/%7Edwh/papers/crochet/crochet.PDF
-  | doi =
-  | id =  }}
-*{{Citation
-  | last =Osinga
-  | first =Hinke M,
-  | author-link =
-  | last2 =Krauskopf
-  | first2 =Bernd
-  | author2-link =
-  | title =Crocheting the Lorenz manifold
-  | journal =Math. Intelligencer
-  | volume =26
-  | issue =4
-  | pages =25&ndash;37
-  | date =
-  | year =2004
-  | url =http://www.enm.bris.ac.uk/anm/preprints/2004r03.html
-  | doi =
-  | id =  }}
-*{{cite book
- | author = Dietz, Ada K.
- | title = Algebraic Expressions in Handwoven Textiles
- | year = 1949
- | publisher = The Little Loomhouse
- | location = Louisville, Kentucky
- | url = http://www.cs.arizona.edu/patterns/weaving/monographs/dak_alge.pdf}}
 ==External links==
-*[http://www.mathematicalquilts.com/ Mathematical Quilts] home page.
+*[http://www.mathematicalquilts.com/ Mathematical quilts]
+*[http://www.toroidalsnark.net/mathknit.html Mathematical knitting]
-*Two [[Penrose tiling]] quilts: [http://dogfeathers.com/quilt/penrose.html] [http://www.math.mcgill.ca/rags/PenroseQuilt.html]
+*[http://www.allfiberarts.com/cs/math.htm Mathematical weaving]
-*[http://www.quiltsandseams.com/index_files%5CQuilt%20Block%20Contest%20Winners.htm IEEE Spectrum's fifth Quilt Block Design Contest winners]
+*[http://www.k2g2.org/links:math_craft_projects Mathematical craft projects]
+*[http://www.woollythoughts.com/mathspuzzles.html Wooly Thoughts Creations: Maths Puzzles & Toys]
+*[http://dogfeathers.com/quilt/penrose.html Penrose tiling quilt]
 *[http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/16/crocheting.php Crocheting the Hyperbolic Plane: An Interview with David Henderson and Daina Taimina]
-*AMS Special Session on Mathematics and Mathematics Education in Fiber Arts: [http://www.toroidalsnark.net/mkss.html (2005)] [http://www.toroidalsnark.net/mkss.html (2009)]
+*[http://www.toroidalsnark.net/mkss.html  AMS Special Session on Mathematics and Mathematics Education in Fiber Arts] (2005)
-*[http://www.awesomequilts.com/docman/doc_details/fabric-saver-%11-quilt-backing-software/ Math Formula To Save Fabric on Quilt Backings]
-*[http://www.toroidalsnark.net/mathknit.html The home of mathematical knitting]
+{{Mathematical art}}
 {{Textile arts}}
 [[Category:Mathematics and culture]]
 [[Category:Textile arts]]
+[[Category:Recreational mathematics]]
+[[Category:Mathematics and art]]

v t e Textile arts
Fundamentals	Beadwork Crochet Dyeing Embroidery Lace Macramé Needlework Fabric Felting Fiber Knitting Layering Appliqué Patchwork Quilting Nålebinding Plying Rope Rug making Sewing Passementerie Stitch Spinning Textile printing Weaving Yarn
History of ...	Clothing and textiles Quilting Silk Byzantine Indian subcontinent Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
Regional and ethnic	African Kongo Kuba Australian Aboriginal Burmese Acheik Hmong Indigenous peoples of the Americas Andean Mapuche Maya Mexican Navajo Oaxacan Indonesian Balinese Sumba Korean Māori
Related	Blocking Conservation and restoration Fiber art wearable fiber art Industry Manufacturing Mathematics and fiber arts Recycling Units of measurement
Glossaries	Dyeing terms Sewing terms Textile manufacturing terms
Clothing portal