Arthur M. Young: Difference between revisions

Arthur M. Young
Arthur M. Young
	Young controlling a model helicopter he built in 1941, photograph by Joseph Janney Steinmetz
Born	Arthur Middleton Young; 3 November 1905; Paris, France
Died	30 May 1995 (aged 89); Berkeley, California
Spouse(s)	Priscilla Page; Ruth Forbes Young

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 04:13, 5 July 2024

Arthur Middleton Young (November 3, 1905 – May 30, 1995) was an American inventor, helicopter pioneer, philosopher, astrologer, and author. Young was the designer of Bell Helicopter's first helicopter, the Model 30, and inventor of the stabilizer bar used on many of Bell's early helicopter designs. He founded the "Institute for the Study of Consciousness" in Berkeley in 1972. Young advocated process philosophy, an attempt to integrate the realm of human thought and experience with the realm of science so that the concept of universe is not limited to that which can be physically measured. Young's theory embraces evolution and the concept of the great chain of being. He has influenced such thinkers as Stanislav Grof and Laban Coblentz.

Biography

Arthur was the son of Eliza Coxe and Philadelphia landscape painter Charles Morris Young. He was interested in developing a comprehensive theory of reality from an early age. He felt that to acquire the intellectual tools needed for such rigorous study, he should first develop an understanding of mathematics and engineering. With this decision he was following a career path similar to that of philosopher Alfred North Whitehead, who was a mathematician before he developed the first process philosophy. Thus after graduation from Princeton University in 1927 Young searched for a suitable invention to develop. In 1928 he returned to his father's farm in Radnor, Pennsylvania, to begin twelve solitary years of efforts to develop the helicopter into a useful device.

Young's private experiments with helicopter design had mostly involved small scale models. After twelve years on his own using the models, he took his results and models to the Bell Aircraft Company in Buffalo, New York, in 1941, and the company agreed to build full-scale prototypes. While war was looming for the US in late 1941 he was issued the key rotor stabilizer bar (also known as a flybar) patent, assigned it to Bell and moved to Buffalo to work with them. In June 1942 he moved his five-person team to Gardenville, New York, a hamlet on the north border of West Seneca, New York, where they could work in relative secrecy. The first test flight of the prototype Model 30 occurred in July 1943, and on March 8, 1946, the company received Helicopter Type Certificate H-1 for the world's first commercial helicopter, the Bell Model 47. This was the "whirlybird" featured in the M*A*S*H movie and television series and was so successful that it continued to be manufactured through 1974. A design as well as a utilitarian success, it was added to the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art of New York City in 1984.

Young had become profoundly disturbed by the development of nuclear weapons at the end of the Second World War and decided that humanity needed a new philosophical paradigm.

In August 1946 Young recorded in his notes the idea of the psychopter – the helicopter as the "winged self", a metaphor for the human spirit.^[1] By October 1947 Young felt his work at Bell was complete, and he turned to the next phase of his career as a philosopher of mind (or soul). In 1949, the Franklin Institute awarded him the Edward Longstreth Medal.^[2] In 1952, Young and his wife Ruth organized the Foundation for the Study of Consciousness in Philadelphia, the forerunner of the Institute for the Study of Consciousness.

Also in 1952, Young and Ruth participated in seances conducted by Andrija Puharich's Roundtable Foundation.^[3]

Marriages

Young married Priscilla Page in 1933. He was divorced from Priscilla in 1948, and later that year, married artist Ruth Forbes Paine (1903–1998) of the Boston Forbes family, a great-granddaughter of Ralph Waldo Emerson and the mother of Michael Paine. Ruth Forbes was formerly married to George Lyman Paine Jr. Their son Michael Paine married Ruth Hyde Paine, a friend of Lee Harvey Oswald's wife Marina, who was living with her at the time of the JFK assassination.^[4]

Death

On 30 May 1995, Arthur Young died of cancer at age 89, at his home in Berkeley, California.^[5]

Works

(ed. with Charles Musès) Consciousness and reality; the human pivot point. New York, Outerbridge & Lazard; distributed by Dutton, 1972.
The Geometry of Meaning. New York : Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1976.
The Reflexive Universe: evolution of consciousness. New York: Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1976.
The Bell Notes: A Journey from Physics to Metaphysics. New York: Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1979.
Science and Astrology; The Relationship Between the Measure Formulae and the Zodiac. Anodos Foundation, 1988.
Nested Time: An Astrological Autogiography. Anodos Foundation, 2004.

References

^ A.M. Young, The Bell Notes, p. 67, 106
^ "Franklin Laureate Database - Edward Longstreth Medal 1949 Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 2012-12-14. Retrieved November 21, 2011.
^ Jacobsen, Annie (2017-03-28). Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis. Little, Brown. ISBN 9780316349376.
^ These were investigations by: the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1963), the Warren Commission (1964), the House Select Committee on Assassinations (1979), and the Dallas Police Department.
^ obituary, New York Times, June 3, 1995

External links

Arthur Young homepage
Young interview transcript from Thinking Allowed PBS television series
Recordings of Arthur M. Young – extensive video and audio archive of Young and the Institute for the Study of Consciousness
An appreciation by Jeffrey Mishlove

[1] A.M. Young, The Bell Notes, p. 67, 106

[LongstrethMedal_Laureates-2] "Franklin Laureate Database - Edward Longstreth Medal 1949 Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 2012-12-14. Retrieved November 21, 2011.

[3] Jacobsen, Annie (2017-03-28). Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis. Little, Brown. ISBN 9780316349376.

[4] These were investigations by: the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1963), the Warren Commission (1964), the House Select Committee on Assassinations (1979), and the Dallas Police Department.

[5] tuary, New York Times, June 3, 1995

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|American inventor, philosopher, and author (1905–1995)}}
 {{About|Arthur M. Young, the inventor and philosopher|other people named Arthur Young|Arthur Young (disambiguation)}}
-{{Refimprove|date=January 2008}}
+{{More citations needed|date=January 2008}}
 {{Infobox person
+| image              = Model helicopter being controlled by its creator Arthur M. Young.jpg
-|name=Arthur Middleton Young
+| caption            = Young controlling a model helicopter he built in 1941, photograph by [[Joseph Janney Steinmetz]]
-|birth_date={{birth-date|3 November 1905}}
+| birth_name         = Arthur Middleton Young
-|birth_place=Paris, France
-|death_date = {{death-date and age|30 May 1995|3 November 1905}}
+| birth_date         = {{birth-date|3 November 1905}}
+| birth_place        = Paris, France
-|death_place=[[Berkeley, California]]
+| death_date         = {{death-date and age|30 May 1995|3 November 1905}}
-|spouse=Priscilla Page<br />Ruth Forbes
+| death_place        = [[Berkeley, California]]
-|children=
+| spouse             = Priscilla Page<br />[[Ruth Forbes Young]]
-|parents=
+| children           =
+| parents            =
 }}
-'''Arthur Middleton Young''' (November 3, 1905 – May 30, 1995) was an American [[inventor]], helicopter pioneer, [[cosmologist]], [[philosopher]], [[astrologer]] and author. Young was the designer of [[Bell Helicopter]]'s first helicopter, the Model 30, and inventor of the stabilizer bar used on many of Bell's early helicopter designs. He founded the "Institute for the Study of Consciousness" in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] in 1972. Young advocated [[process philosophy]], an attempt to integrate the realm of human thought and experience with the realm of science so that the concept of [[universe]] is not limited to that which can be physically measured.  Young's theory embraces [[evolution]] and the concept of the [[great chain of being]].  He has influenced such thinkers as [[Stanislav Grof]] and [[Laban Coblentz]].
+'''Arthur Middleton Young''' (November 3, 1905 – May 30, 1995) was an American [[inventor]], helicopter pioneer, [[Philosophy|philosopher]], [[astrologer]], and author. Young was the designer of [[Bell Helicopter]]'s first helicopter, the Model 30, and inventor of the stabilizer bar used on many of Bell's early helicopter designs. He founded the "Institute for the Study of Consciousness" in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] in 1972. Young advocated [[process philosophy]], an attempt to integrate the realm of human thought and experience with the realm of science so that the concept of [[universe]] is not limited to that which can be physically measured.  Young's theory embraces [[evolution]] and the concept of the [[great chain of being]].  He has influenced such thinkers as [[Stanislav Grof]] and [[Laban Coblentz]].
 ==Biography==
+Arthur was the son of Eliza Coxe and [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] landscape painter [[Charles Morris Young]]. He was interested in developing a comprehensive theory of [[ontology|reality]] from an early age. He felt that to acquire the intellectual tools needed for such rigorous study, he should first develop an understanding of [[mathematics]] and engineering.  With this decision he was following a career path similar to that of philosopher [[Alfred North Whitehead]], who was a mathematician before he developed the first process philosophy.  Thus after graduation from [[Princeton University]] in 1927 Young searched for a suitable invention to develop.  In 1928 he returned to his father's farm in [[Radnor Township, Pennsylvania|Radnor, Pennsylvania]], to begin twelve solitary years of efforts to develop the [[helicopter]] into a useful device.
-[[File:Model helicopter being controlled by its creator Arthur M. Young.jpg|thumbnail|left|Young controlling a model helicopter he built in 1941, photograph by [[Joseph Janney Steinmetz]]]]
-Arthur was the son of Eliza Coxe (1875–1950) and [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] landscape painter Charles Morris Young (1869–1964). He was interested in developing a comprehensive theory of [[ontology|reality]] from an early age. He felt that to acquire the intellectual tools needed for such rigorous study, he should first develop an understanding of [[mathematics]] and engineering.  With this decision he was following a career path similar to that of philosopher [[Alfred North Whitehead]], who was a mathematician before he developed the first process philosophy.  Thus after graduation from [[Princeton University]] in 1927 Young searched for a suitable invention to develop.  In 1928 he returned to his father's farm in [[Radnor Township, Pennsylvania|Radnor, Pennsylvania]], to begin twelve solitary years of efforts to develop the [[helicopter]] into a useful device.
-Young's private experiments with helicopter design had mostly involved small scale models.  After twelve years on his own using the models, he took his results and models to the [[Bell Helicopter|Bell Aircraft Company]] in [[Buffalo, New York]], in 1941, and the company agreed to build full-scale prototypes.   While war was looming for the USA in late 1941 he was issued the key rotor stabilizer bar (also known as a [[Helicopter rotor#Stabilizer bar|flybar]]) patent, assigned it to Bell and moved to Buffalo to work with them.  In June 1942 he moved his five-person team to [[Gardenville, New York]], a hamlet on the north border of [[West Seneca, New York]], where they could work in relative secrecy.  The first test flight of the prototype Model 30 occurred in July 1943, and on March 8, 1946 the company received Helicopter Type Certificate H-1 for the world's first commercial helicopter, the [[Bell 47|Bell Model 47]].  This was the "whirlybird" featured in the ''[[M*A*S*H (movie)|M*A*S*H]]'' movie and television series and was so successful that it continued to be manufactured through 1974. A design as well as a utilitarian success, it was added to the permanent collection of the [[Museum of Modern Art]] of [[New York City]] in 1984.
+Young's private experiments with helicopter design had mostly involved small scale models.  After twelve years on his own using the models, he took his results and models to the [[Bell Helicopter|Bell Aircraft Company]] in [[Buffalo, New York]], in 1941, and the company agreed to build full-scale prototypes. While war was looming for the US in late 1941 he was issued the key rotor stabilizer bar (also known as a [[Helicopter rotor#Stabilizer bar|flybar]]) patent, assigned it to Bell and moved to Buffalo to work with them.  In June 1942 he moved his five-person team to [[Gardenville, New York]], a hamlet on the north border of [[West Seneca, New York]], where they could work in relative secrecy.  The first test flight of the prototype Model 30 occurred in July 1943, and on March 8, 1946, the company received Helicopter Type Certificate H-1 for the world's first commercial helicopter, the [[Bell 47|Bell Model 47]].  This was the "whirlybird" featured in the ''[[M*A*S*H (movie)|M*A*S*H]]'' movie and television series and was so successful that it continued to be manufactured through 1974. A design as well as a utilitarian success, it was added to the permanent collection of the [[Museum of Modern Art]] of [[New York City]] in 1984.
 Young had become profoundly disturbed by the development of nuclear weapons at the end of the Second World War and decided that humanity needed a new philosophical paradigm.
-In August 1946 Young recorded in his notes the idea of the ''psychopter''— the helicopter as the "winged self", a metaphor for the human [[spirit]].<ref>A.M. Young, ''The Bell Notes'', p. 67, 106</ref>  By October 1947 Young felt his work at Bell was complete, and he turned to the next phase of his career as a philosopher of mind (or soul). In 1949, the [[Franklin Institute]] awarded him the [[Edward Longstreth Medal]].<ref name="LongstrethMedal_Laureates">{{cite web |url=http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=LONG+&sy=1948&ey=1950&name=Submit |title=Franklin Laureate Database - Edward Longstreth Medal 1949 Laureates |publisher=[[Franklin Institute]] |accessdate={{Format date|2011|11|21}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121214160539/http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=LONG+&sy=1948&ey=1950&name=Submit |archivedate=2012-12-14 |df= }}</ref>  In 1952, Young and his wife Ruth organized the Foundation for the Study of Consciousness in [[Philadelphia]], the forerunner of the Institute for the Study of Consciousness.
+In August 1946 Young recorded in his notes the idea of the ''psychopter'' – the helicopter as the "winged self", a metaphor for the human spirit.<ref>A.M. Young, ''The Bell Notes'', p. 67, 106</ref>  By October 1947 Young felt his work at Bell was complete, and he turned to the next phase of his career as a philosopher of mind (or soul). In 1949, the [[Franklin Institute]] awarded him the [[Edward Longstreth Medal]].<ref name="LongstrethMedal_Laureates">{{cite web |url=http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=LONG+&sy=1948&ey=1950&name=Submit |title=Franklin Laureate Database - Edward Longstreth Medal 1949 Laureates |publisher=[[Franklin Institute]] |accessdate={{Format date|2011|11|21}} |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121214160539/http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=LONG+&sy=1948&ey=1950&name=Submit |archivedate=2012-12-14 }}</ref>  In 1952, Young and his wife Ruth organized the Foundation for the Study of Consciousness in [[Philadelphia]], the forerunner of the Institute for the Study of Consciousness.
-Also in 1952, Young and Ruth participated in seances conducted by [[Andrija Puharich]]'s [[Roundtable Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=TGKfDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT34&lpg=PT34&dq=arthur+m.+young+puharich&source=bl&ots=6hc5taRuk7&sig=tUTbjFvbEFXGVrR_pscvHSaMrRM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjoj9-ujd7YAhUF_WMKHeokAswQ6AEIWTAM#v=onepage&q=arthur%20m.%20young%20puharich&f=false|title=Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis|last=Jacobsen|first=Annie|date=2017-03-28|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=9780316349376|language=en}}</ref>
+Also in 1952, Young and Ruth participated in seances conducted by [[Andrija Puharich]]'s [[Roundtable Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TGKfDAAAQBAJ&q=arthur+m.+young+puharich&pg=PT34|title=Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis|last=Jacobsen|first=Annie|date=2017-03-28|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=9780316349376|language=en}}</ref>
 ===Marriages===
-Young married Priscilla Page in 1933. He was divorced from Priscilla in 1948, and later that year, married artist [[Ruth Forbes Paine]] (1903–1998) of the [[Boston]] [[Forbes family]], a great-granddaughter of [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] and the mother of [[Michael Paine]]. Ruth Forbes was formerly married to [[Lyman Paine|George Lyman Paine Jr.]] Their son Michael Paine married [[Ruth Paine|Ruth Hyde Paine]], a friend of [[Lee Harvey Oswald|Lee Harvey Oswald']]<nowiki/>s wife [[Marina Oswald Porter|Marina]], who was living with her at the time of the JFK assassination.<ref>These were investigations by: the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (1963), the [[Warren Commission]] (1964), the [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] (1979), and the [[Dallas Police Department]].</ref>
+Young married Priscilla Page in 1933. He was divorced from Priscilla in 1948, and later that year, married artist [[Ruth Forbes Paine]] (1903–1998) of the [[Boston]] [[Forbes family]], a great-granddaughter of [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] and the mother of [[Michael Paine]]. Ruth Forbes was formerly married to [[Lyman Paine|George Lyman Paine Jr.]] Their son Michael Paine married [[Ruth Paine|Ruth Hyde Paine]], a friend of [[Lee Harvey Oswald]]'s wife [[Marina Oswald Porter|Marina]], who was living with her at the time of the JFK assassination.<ref>These were investigations by: the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (1963), the [[Warren Commission]] (1964), the [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] (1979), and the [[Dallas Police Department]].</ref>
 ===Death===
@@ Line 34: / Line 36: @@
 On 30 May 1995, Arthur Young died of cancer at age 89, at his home in Berkeley, California.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1995/06/03/us/arthur-m-young-dies-at-89-early-helicopter-developer.html obituary, New York Times, June 3, 1995]</ref>
+==Works==
-==Philosophical views==
+* (ed. with [[Charles Musès]]) ''Consciousness and reality; the human pivot point.'' New York, Outerbridge & Lazard; distributed by Dutton, 1972.
+* ''The Geometry of Meaning''. New York : Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1976.
-In 1976, Young's theory of evolution of life on Earth — which attempted to synthesize understandings from [[geology]], [[biology]], [[anthropology]], [[psychology]], and [[parapsychology]] — appeared under the title ''The Reflexive Universe''.  Young accepted the general "theory of evolution," but pointed out where he felt the Darwinian theory was insufficient to the facts.  The book also incorporates a brief speculative discussion of further human psychological and spiritual growth.<ref>Young, Arthur M.  1976  ''The Reflexive Universe: Evolution of Consciousness''. New York: Delacorte Press, {{ISBN|0-440-05925-9}}</ref>
+* ''The Reflexive Universe: evolution of consciousness''. New York: Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1976.
+* ''The Bell Notes: A Journey from Physics to Metaphysics''. New York: Delacorte Press/S. Lawrence, 1979.
-==Published works==
+* ''Science and Astrology; The Relationship Between the Measure Formulae and the Zodiac''. Anodos Foundation, 1988.
-* ''Consciousness and Reality: The Human Pivot Point'', Charles Musès and Arthur M. Young (editors), 1972, New York: Outerbridge and Lazard, {{ISBN|0-87690-028-7}}
+* ''Nested Time: An Astrological Autogiography''. Anodos Foundation, 2004.
-* ''Geometry of Meaning'', 1976, New York: [[Delacorte Press]], {{ISBN|0-440-04991-1}}, reprint ed. 1984, [[Robert Briggs Associates]], {{ISBN|0-9609850-5-0}}
-* ''The Reflexive Universe: Evolution of Consciousness'', 1976, New York: Delacorte Press, {{ISBN|0-440-05925-9}}, corrected ed. with introduction by [[Huston Smith]], 1976, Anodos Foundation, {{ISBN|1-892160-00-5}}
-* ''The Bell Notes: A Journey from Physics to Metaphysics'', 1979, New York: Delacorte Press, {{ISBN|0-440-00550-7}}, reprint ed. 1979, Doubleday, {{ISBN|0-385-28067-X}}; reprint paperback ed. 1984, Robert Briggs Associates, {{ISBN|0-9609850-4-2}}, foreword by [[Peter Dreyer]]
-* ''Zodiac: An Analysis of Symbolic Degrees'' by Eric Schroeder, (editor A.M. Young), 1982, Robert Briggs Associates, {{ISBN|0-9609850-2-6}}
-* ''Mathematics, Physics and Reality : Two Essays'', (120p.) 1990, Anodos Foundation, {{ISBN|1-892160-07-2}}
-* ''Which Way Out? and Other Essays'', (206 p.) 1990, Anodos Foundation, {{ISBN|1-892160-03-X}}
-* ''Nested Time: An Astrological Autobiography'', (editor Kathy Goss), 2004, Anodos Foundation, {{ISBN|1-892160-12-9}}
-===Broadsides===
-* ''The Foundations of Science: The Missing Parameter'', (26 p.) 1985, Robert Briggs Associates, {{ISBN|0-931191-03-3}}
-* ''The Shakespeare/Bacon Controversy'', (26 p.)  1987, Robert Briggs Associates, {{ISBN|0-931191-05-X}}
-* ''Science and Astrology : The Relationship Between the Measure Formulae and the Zodiac'', (48 p.) 1988, Anodos Foundation, {{ISBN|1-892160-06-4}}
-===Related essays===
-* John S. Saloma and Ruth Forbes Young, ''Theory of Process 1: Prelude - Search for a Paradigm'', (38 p.), {{ISBN|0-931191-12-2}}
-* John S. Saloma, ''Theory of Process 2: Major Themes in 'The Reflexive Universe''', Robert Briggs Associates, Mill Valley, CA, 1991 (50 p.), {{ISBN|0-931191-13-0}}
-===Patents===
-* {{US patent|2082674}} ''Floating Wing Assembly'', filed September 1933, issued June 1937
-* {{US patent|2256635}} ''Aircraft and Means for Stabilizing the Same'', filed August, 1939, issued September 1941
-* {{US patent|2256918}} ''Aircraft'', filed August 1939, issued September 1941
-* {{US patent|2368698}} ''Helicopter Aircraft'', filed March 1943, issued February 1945
-* {{US patent|3128829}} ''Variable Diameter Propeller, filed Oct.24, 1962, issued April, 1964
 ==See also==
@@ Line 82: / Line 62: @@
 {{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Young, Arthur}}
 [[Category:1905 births]]
 [[Category:1995 deaths]]
 [[Category:Amateur radio people]]
-[[Category:American inventors]]
+[[Category:20th-century American inventors]]
 [[Category:Aviation inventors]]
-[[Category:American philosophers]]
+[[Category:American parapsychologists]]
-[[Category:Consciousness researchers and theorists]]
+[[Category:20th-century American philosophers]]
-[[Category:Parapsychologists]]
+[[Category:American expatriates in France]]
+[[Category:20th-century American psychologists]]

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States Netherlands Israel
Artists	Museum of Modern Art
Other	SNAC