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{{short description|German neuroscientist}}
{{short description|German neuroscientist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
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'''Wulfram Gerstner''' (born [[1963]] in [[Heilbronn]]) is a German and Swiss [[Computational neuroscience|computational neuroscientist]]. His research focuses on neural spiking patterns in neural networks, and their connection to learning, spatial representation and navigation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sechs neue Mitglieder in der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur {{!}} Mainz|url=https://idw-online.de/en/news720206|access-date=2020-11-05|website=idw-online.de}}</ref> Since 2006 Gerstner has been a full professor of Computer Science and Life Sciences at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne]] (EPFL), where he also serves as a Director of the Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner|url=https://people.epfl.ch/wulfram.gerstner|access-date=2020-09-04|website=people.epfl.ch}}</ref>
'''Wulfram Gerstner''' (born 1963 in [[Heilbronn]]) is a German and Swiss [[Computational neuroscience|computational neuroscientist]]. His research focuses on neural spiking patterns in neural networks, and their connection to learning, spatial representation and navigation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sechs neue Mitglieder in der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur {{!}} Mainz|url=https://idw-online.de/en/news720206|access-date=2020-11-05|website=idw-online.de}}</ref> Since 2006 Gerstner has been a full professor of Computer Science and Life Sciences at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne]] (EPFL), where he also serves as a Director of the Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner|url=https://people.epfl.ch/wulfram.gerstner|access-date=2020-09-04|website=people.epfl.ch}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Career ==


Gerstner studied physics at the [[University of Tübingen]] and at the [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]]. In 1989, he received his [[Master's degree]] with a thesis in experimental [[quantum optics]]. He then joined the theoretical biophysics group of [[William Bialek]] at [[University of California, Berkeley]] as a visiting researcher.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=GERSTNER|first=Wulfram|date=1991|title=Associative memory in a network of biological neurons|url=papers.nips.cc/paper/371-associative-memory-in-a-network-of-biological-neurons.pdf|journal=Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems|volume=3|pages=84–90|via=}}</ref> He received his [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]] in [[theoretical physics]] from the [[Technical University of Munich]] in 1993 under supervision from [[Leo van Hemmen]]. He did postdoctoral work at [[Brandeis University]] <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Abbott|first2=L.F.|date=1997-01-01|title=Learning Navigational Maps Through Potentiation and Modulation of Hippocampal Place Cells|url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008820728122|journal=Journal of Computational Neuroscience|language=en|volume=4|issue=1|pages=79–94|doi=10.1023/A:1008820728122|pmid=9046453|s2cid=6616177|issn=1573-6873}}</ref> and at [[Technical University of Munich]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=GERSTNER|first1=Wulfram|date=1995|title=Time structure of the activity in neural network models|url=https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.51.738|journal=Physical Review E|volume=51|issue=1|pages=738–758|doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.51.738|issn=|pmid=9962697|bibcode=1995PhRvE..51..738G|via=}}</ref> where he worked in [[Computational neuroscience|theoretical neuroscience]].
Gerstner studied physics at the [[University of Tübingen]] and at the [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]]. In 1989, he received his Master's degree with a thesis in experimental [[quantum optics]]. He then joined the theoretical [[biophysics]] group of [[William Bialek]] at [[University of California, Berkeley]] as a visiting researcher.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=GERSTNER |first=Wulfram |date=1991 |title=Associative Memory in a Network of 'Biological' Neurons |url=https://papers.nips.cc/paper/371-associative-memory-in-a-network-of-biological-neurons.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems |volume=3 |pages=84–90 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20200906042455/https://papers.nips.cc/paper/371-associative-memory-in-a-network-of-biological-neurons.pdf |archive-date=2020-09-06}}</ref> He received his PhD in [[theoretical physics]] from the [[Technical University of Munich]] in 1993 under supervision from [[Leo van Hemmen]]. He did post doctoral work at [[Brandeis University]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Abbott|first2=L.F.|date=1 January 1997|title=Learning Navigational Maps Through Potentiation and Modulation of Hippocampal Place Cells|url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008820728122|journal=Journal of Computational Neuroscience|language=en|volume=4|issue=1|pages=79–94|doi=10.1023/A:1008820728122|pmid=9046453|s2cid=6616177|issn=1573-6873}}</ref> and at [[Technical University of Munich]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=GERSTNER|first1=Wulfram|date=1995|title=Time structure of the activity in neural network models|url=https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.51.738|journal=Physical Review E|volume=51|issue=1|pages=738–758|doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.51.738|pmid=9962697|bibcode=1995PhRvE..51..738G}}</ref> where he worked in [[Computational neuroscience|theoretical neuroscience]].


In 1996, he was nominated as assistant professor and in February 2001 he was promoted as an associate professor with tenure at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne|EPFL]]. In August 2006, Gerstner was appointed full professor at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne|EPFL]] in both the School of Computer and Communication Sciences and the School of Life Sciences.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner CV|url=https://lcnwww.epfl.ch/gerstner/wg_cv.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=lcnwww.epfl.ch}}</ref>
In 1996 he was nominated as assistant professor and in February 2001 he was promoted as an associate professor with tenure at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne|EPFL]]. In August 2006 Gerstner was appointed full professor at [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne|EPFL]] in both the School of Computer and Communication Sciences and the School of Life Sciences.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner CV|url=https://lcnwww.epfl.ch/gerstner/wg_cv.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=lcnwww.epfl.ch}}</ref>


== Research ==
== Research ==
Gerstner's research is focused on [[Biological neuron model|models of spiking neurons]],<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> [[spike-timing-dependent plasticity]] (STDP),<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Kempter|first2=Richard|last3=van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|last4=Wagner|first4=Hermann|date=1996-09-05|title=A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/383076a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=383|issue=6595|pages=76–78|doi=10.1038/383076a0|pmid=8779718|bibcode=1996Natur.383...76G|s2cid=4319500|issn=1476-4687|via=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Zenke|first1=Friedemann|last2=Agnes|first2=Everton J.|last3=Gerstner|first3=Wulfram|date=2015-04-21|title=Diverse synaptic plasticity mechanisms orchestrated to form and retrieve memories in spiking neural networks|journal=Nature Communications|volume=6|issue=1|page=6922|doi=10.1038/ncomms7922|pmid=25897632|pmc=4411307|bibcode=2015NatCo...6.6922Z|issn=2041-1723}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Clopath|first1=Claudia|last2=Büsing|first2=Lars|last3=Vasilaki|first3=Eleni|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|date=2010-01-24|title=Connectivity reflects coding: a model of voltage-based STDP with homeostasis|journal=Nature Neuroscience|volume=13|issue=3|pages=344–352|doi=10.1038/nn.2479|pmid=20098420|s2cid=8046538|issn=1097-6256|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/144104/files/nn.2479.pdf}}</ref> neuronal coding in single [[neuron]]s and neuron populations.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gerstner|first=Wulfram|date=2000-01-01|title=Population Dynamics of Spiking Neurons: Fast Transients, Asynchronous States, and Locking|url=https://doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015899|journal=Neural Computation|volume=12|issue=1|pages=43–89|doi=10.1162/089976600300015899|pmid=10636933|s2cid=7832768|issn=0899-7667}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pozzorini|first1=Christian|last2=Naud|first2=Richard|last3=Mensi|first3=Skander|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|date=July 2013|title=Temporal whitening by power-law adaptation in neocortical neurons|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.3431|journal=Nature Neuroscience|language=en|volume=16|issue=7|pages=942–948|doi=10.1038/nn.3431|pmid=23749146|s2cid=1873019|issn=1546-1726}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last1=Jimenez Rezende|first1=Danilo|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|date=2014-04-04|title=Stochastic variational learning in recurrent spiking networks|journal=Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience|volume=8|page=38|doi=10.3389/fncom.2014.00038|pmid=24772078|pmc=3983494|issn=1662-5188}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last1=Vogels|first1=T. P.|last2=Sprekeler|first2=H.|last3=Zenke|first3=F.|last4=Clopath|first4=C.|last5=Gerstner|first5=W.|date=2011-11-10|title=Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory Pathways and Memory Networks|journal=Science|volume=334|issue=6062|pages=1569–1573|doi=10.1126/science.1211095|pmid=22075724|bibcode=2011Sci...334.1569V|s2cid=45134325|issn=0036-8075}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last1=Hennequin|first1=Guillaume|last2=Vogels|first2=Tim P.|last3=Gerstner|first3=Wulfram|date=2014-06-18|title=Optimal Control of Transient Dynamics in Balanced Networks Supports Generation of Complex Movements|journal=Neuron|volume=82|issue=6|pages=1394–1406|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2014.04.045|pmid=24945778|pmc=6364799|issn=0896-6273}}</ref> He also investigates models of the [[hippocampus]] and their application in the spatial representation for navigation of rat-like autonomous agents.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sheynikhovich|first1=Denis|last2=Chavarriaga|first2=Ricardo|last3=Strösslin|first3=Thomas|last4=Arleo|first4=Angelo|last5=Gerstner|first5=Wulfram|date=2009-07-01|title=Is there a geometric module for spatial orientation? Insights from a rodent navigation model.|journal=Psychological Review|volume=116|issue=3|pages=540–566|doi=10.1037/a0016170|pmid=19618986|issn=1939-1471|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/140439/files/StArGe09.pdf}}</ref>
Gerstner's research is focused on [[Biological neuron model|models of spiking neurons]],<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last1=Brette|first1=Romain|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|date=1 November 2005|title=Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97829/files/3637.pdf|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=94|issue=5|pages=3637–3642|doi=10.1152/jn.00686.2005|issn=0022-3077|pmid=16014787}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> [[spike-timing-dependent plasticity]] (STDP),<ref>{{Multiref2|{{cite journal|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Kempter|first2=Richard|last3=van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|last4=Wagner|first4=Hermann|date=5 September 1996|title=A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/383076a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=383|issue=6595|pages=76–78|doi=10.1038/383076a0|pmid=8779718|bibcode=1996Natur.383...76G|s2cid=4319500|issn=1476-4687}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Zenke|first1=Friedemann|last2=Agnes|first2=Everton J.|last3=Gerstner|first3=Wulfram|date=21 April 2015|title=Diverse synaptic plasticity mechanisms orchestrated to form and retrieve memories in spiking neural networks|journal=Nature Communications|volume=6|issue=1|page=6922|doi=10.1038/ncomms7922|pmid=25897632|pmc=4411307|bibcode=2015NatCo...6.6922Z|issn=2041-1723}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Clopath|first1=Claudia|last2=Büsing|first2=Lars|last3=Vasilaki|first3=Eleni|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|date=24 January 2010|title=Connectivity reflects coding: a model of voltage-based STDP with homeostasis|journal=Nature Neuroscience|volume=13|issue=3|pages=344–352|doi=10.1038/nn.2479|pmid=20098420|hdl=10044/1/21440|s2cid=8046538|issn=1097-6256|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/144104/files/nn.2479.pdf}}
}}</ref> neuronal coding in single [[neuron]]s and neuron populations.<ref>{{Multiref2|{{Cite journal|last=Gerstner|first=Wulfram|date=1 January 2000|title=Population Dynamics of Spiking Neurons: Fast Transients, Asynchronous States, and Locking|url=https://doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015899|journal=Neural Computation|volume=12|issue=1|pages=43–89|doi=10.1162/089976600300015899|pmid=10636933|s2cid=7832768|issn=0899-7667}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Pozzorini|first1=Christian|last2=Naud|first2=Richard|last3=Mensi|first3=Skander|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|date=July 2013|title=Temporal whitening by power-law adaptation in neocortical neurons|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.3431|journal=Nature Neuroscience|language=en|volume=16|issue=7|pages=942–948|doi=10.1038/nn.3431|pmid=23749146|s2cid=1873019|issn=1546-1726}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Jimenez Rezende|first1=Danilo|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|date=4 April 2014|title=Stochastic variational learning in recurrent spiking networks|journal=Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience|volume=8|page=38|doi=10.3389/fncom.2014.00038|pmid=24772078|pmc=3983494|issn=1662-5188|doi-access=free}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Vogels|first1=T. P.|last2=Sprekeler|first2=H.|last3=Zenke|first3=F.|last4=Clopath|first4=C.|last5=Gerstner|first5=W.|date=10 November 2011|title=Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory Pathways and Memory Networks|journal=Science|volume=334|issue=6062|pages=1569–1573|doi=10.1126/science.1211095|pmid=22075724|bibcode=2011Sci...334.1569V|hdl=10044/1/21441 |s2cid=45134325|issn=0036-8075|url=http://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstream/10044/1/21441/2/Science_334_6062_2011.pdf}}|{{Cite journal|last1=Hennequin|first1=Guillaume|last2=Vogels|first2=Tim P.|last3=Gerstner|first3=Wulfram|date=18 June 2014|title=Optimal Control of Transient Dynamics in Balanced Networks Supports Generation of Complex Movements|journal=Neuron|volume=82|issue=6|pages=1394–1406|doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2014.04.045|pmid=24945778|pmc=6364799|issn=0896-6273}}}}</ref> He also investigates models of the [[hippocampus]] and their application in the spatial representation for navigation of rat-like autonomous agents.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sheynikhovich|first1=Denis|last2=Chavarriaga|first2=Ricardo|last3=Strösslin|first3=Thomas|last4=Arleo|first4=Angelo|last5=Gerstner|first5=Wulfram|date=1 July 2009|title=Is there a geometric module for spatial orientation? Insights from a rodent navigation model.|journal=Psychological Review|volume=116|issue=3|pages=540–566|doi=10.1037/a0016170|pmid=19618986|issn=1939-1471|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/140439/files/StArGe09.pdf}}</ref>


He is also one of the initiators of The Deep Artificial Composer (DAC), a deep-learning algorithm that can generate melodies by imitating a given style of music.<ref>{{Cite web|title=From Mozart to Botzart: when machines write our music|url=https://phys.org/news/2017-07-mozard-botzard-machines-music.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-25|title=Ein Algorithmus macht Musik - Wer hat's komponiert? Maschine oder Mensch?|url=https://www.srf.ch/kultur/musik/wer-hat-s-komponiert-maschine-oder-mensch|access-date=2020-09-04|website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2017-07-06|title=Ein Algorithmus lernt zu komponieren|url=https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/technik/forschung-am-epfl-ein-algorithmus-lernt-zu-komponieren-ld.1304612|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-09-04|website=Neue Zürcher Zeitung}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-08-25|title=Quand les algorithmes donnent le tempo|language=fr|work=Le Temps|url=https://www.letemps.ch/culture/algorithmes-donnent-tempo|access-date=2020-09-04|issn=1423-3967}}</ref>
He is also one of the initiators of The Deep Artificial Composer (DAC), a deep-learning algorithm that can generate melodies by imitating a given style of music.<ref>{{Multiref2|{{Cite web|title=From Mozart to Botzart: when machines write our music|url=https://phys.org/news/2017-07-mozard-botzard-machines-music.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=phys.org|language=en}}|{{Cite web|date=25 July 2017|title=Ein Algorithmus macht Musik – Wer hat's komponiert? Maschine oder Mensch?|url=https://www.srf.ch/kultur/musik/wer-hat-s-komponiert-maschine-oder-mensch|access-date=2020-09-04|website=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF)|language=de}}|{{Cite news|date=6 July 2017|title=Ein Algorithmus lernt zu komponieren|url=https://www.nzz.ch/wissenschaft/technik/forschung-am-epfl-ein-algorithmus-lernt-zu-komponieren-ld.1304612|access-date=2020-09-04|website=Neue Zürcher Zeitung}}|{{Cite news|date=25 August 2017|title=Quand les algorithmes donnent le tempo|language=fr|work=Le Temps|url=https://www.letemps.ch/culture/algorithmes-donnent-tempo|access-date=2020-09-04|issn=1423-3967}}}}</ref>


== Books ==
== Books ==
Gerstner is the author of neuroscientific text books such as ''Spiking Neuron Models: Single neurons, populations, plasticity'' (Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M., 2002, Cambridge University Press) that introduced the field of [[Spiking neural network|spiking neural networks]],<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Gerstner, Wulfram.|title=Spiking neuron models : single neurons, populations, plasticity|date=2002|publisher=Cambridge University Press|others=Kistler, Werner M., 1969-|isbn=0-511-07817-X|location=Cambridge, U.K.|oclc=57417395}}</ref> and ''Neuronal dynamics: From single neurons to networks and models of cognition'' (Gerstner, W., Kistler, W.M., Naud, R. and Paninski, L., 2014, Cambridge University Press) on the field of [[computational neuroscience]] that was also published as an online version including exercises and video lectures.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gerstner, Wulfram.|title=Neuronal dynamics : from single neurons to networks and models of cognition|date=24 July 2014|others=Kistler, Werner M., 1969-, Naud, Richard., Paninski, Liam.|isbn=978-1-107-06083-8|location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|oclc=861774542}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Neuronal Dynamics - a neuroscience textbook by Wulfram Gerstner, Werner M. Kistler, Richard Naud and Liam Paninski|url=https://neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch/|access-date=2020-11-05|website=neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch}}</ref>
Gerstner is the author of neuroscientific text books such as ''Spiking Neuron Models: Single neurons, populations, plasticity'' (Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M., 2002, Cambridge University Press) that introduced the field of [[spiking neural network]]s,<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Gerstner, Wulfram.|title=Spiking neuron models : single neurons, populations, plasticity|date=2002|publisher=Cambridge University Press|others=Kistler, Werner M., 1969–|isbn=0-511-07817-X|location=Cambridge, U.K.|oclc=57417395}}</ref> and ''Neuronal dynamics: From single neurons to networks and models of cognition'' (Gerstner, W., Kistler, W.M., Naud, R. and Paninski, L., 2014, Cambridge University Press) on the field of [[computational neuroscience]] that was also published as an online version including exercises and video lectures.<ref>{{Multiref2|{{Cite book|last=Gerstner, Wulfram.|title=Neuronal dynamics : from single neurons to networks and models of cognition|date=24 July 2014|others=Kistler, Werner M., 1969–, Naud, Richard., Paninski, Liam.|isbn=978-1-107-06083-8|location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|oclc=861774542}}|{{Cite web|title=Neuronal Dynamics - a neuroscience textbook by Wulfram Gerstner, Werner M. Kistler, Richard Naud and Liam Paninski|url=https://neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch/|access-date=2020-11-05|website=neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch}}}}</ref>


== Selected publications ==
== Selected publications ==
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1162/089976600300015899|title=Population Dynamics of Spiking Neurons: Fast Transients, Asynchronous States, and Locking|year=2000|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|journal=Neural Computation|volume=12|pages=43–89|pmid=10636933|s2cid=7832768|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97797/files/Gerstner00.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1162/089976600300015899|title=Population Dynamics of Spiking Neurons: Fast Transients, Asynchronous States, and Locking|year=2000|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|journal=Neural Computation|volume=12|issue=1|pages=43–89|pmid=10636933|s2cid=7832768|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97797/files/Gerstner00.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1038/nn.2479|title=Connectivity reflects coding: A model of voltage-based STDP with homeostasis|year=2010|last1=Clopath|first1=Claudia|last2=Büsing|first2=Lars|last3=Vasilaki|first3=Eleni|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|journal=Nature Neuroscience|volume=13|issue=3|pages=344–352|pmid=20098420|s2cid=8046538|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/144104/files/nn.2479.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1038/nn.2479|title=Connectivity reflects coding: A model of voltage-based STDP with homeostasis|year=2010|last1=Clopath|first1=Claudia|last2=Büsing|first2=Lars|last3=Vasilaki|first3=Eleni|last4=Gerstner|first4=Wulfram|journal=Nature Neuroscience|volume=13|issue=3|pages=344–352|pmid=20098420|hdl=10044/1/21440|s2cid=8046538|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/144104/files/nn.2479.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1038/383076a0|title=A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding|year=1996|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Kempter|first2=Richard|last3=Van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|last4=Wagner|first4=Hermann|journal=Nature|volume=383|issue=6595|pages=76–78|pmid=8779718|bibcode=1996Natur.383...76G|s2cid=4319500|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97773/files/Gerstner96.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1038/383076a0|title=A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding|year=1996|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Kempter|first2=Richard|last3=Van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|last4=Wagner|first4=Hermann|journal=Nature|volume=383|issue=6595|pages=76–78|pmid=8779718|bibcode=1996Natur.383...76G|s2cid=4319500|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97773/files/Gerstner96.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1152/jn.00686.2005|title=Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity|year=2005|last1=Brette|first1=Romain|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=94|issue=5|pages=3637–3642|pmid=16014787|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97829/files/3637.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1152/jn.00686.2005|title=Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity|year=2005|last1=Brette|first1=Romain|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=94|issue=5|pages=3637–3642|pmid=16014787|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97829/files/3637.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.59.4498|title=Hebbian learning and spiking neurons|year=1999|last1=Kempter|first1=Richard|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|last3=Van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|journal=Physical Review E|volume=59|issue=4|pages=4498–4514|bibcode=1999PhRvE..59.4498K|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97790/files/Kempter99.pdf}}
* {{cite journal |doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.59.4498|title=Hebbian learning and spiking neurons|year=1999|last1=Kempter|first1=Richard|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|last3=Van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|journal=Physical Review E|volume=59|issue=4|pages=4498–4514|bibcode=1999PhRvE..59.4498K|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97790/files/Kempter99.pdf}}

* Gerstner, W., Kempter, R., Van Hemmen, J.L. and Wagner, H., 1996. A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding. ''Nature'', ''383''(6595), pp.&nbsp;76–78<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gerstner|first1=Wulfram|last2=Kempter|first2=Richard|last3=van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|last4=Wagner|first4=Hermann|date=September 1996|title=A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/383076a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=383|issue=6595|pages=76–78|doi=10.1038/383076a0|pmid=8779718|bibcode=1996Natur.383...76G|s2cid=4319500|issn=0028-0836}}</ref>
* Brette, R. and Gerstner, W., 2005. Adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model as an effective description of neuronal activity. ''Journal of neurophysiology'', ''94''(5), pp.&nbsp;3637–3642.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last1=Brette|first1=Romain|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|date=2005-11-01|title=Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity|journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=94|issue=5|pages=3637–3642|doi=10.1152/jn.00686.2005|pmid=16014787|issn=0022-3077|url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/97829/files/3637.pdf}}</ref>
* Kempter, R., Gerstner, W., and Van Hemmen, J.L., Hebbian learning and spiking neurons. Physical Review E 59 (4), 4498-4514<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kempter|first1=Richard|last2=Gerstner|first2=Wulfram|last3=van Hemmen|first3=J. Leo|date=1999-04-01|title=Hebbian learning and spiking neurons|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.59.4498|journal=Physical Review E|language=en|volume=59|issue=4|pages=4498–4514|doi=10.1103/PhysRevE.59.4498|bibcode=1999PhRvE..59.4498K|issn=1063-651X}}</ref>


== Distinctions ==
== Distinctions ==
Gerstner has been an editorial board member of journals such as [[Science (journal)|Science]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2008-12-12|title=Science Magazine Masterhead|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/322/5908/local/masthead.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-09-04|website=}}</ref> [[The Journal of Neuroscience]], [[Network: Computation in Neural Systems]], [[Journal of Computational Neuroscience]],<ref name=":0" /> and [https://www.mitpressjournals.org/loi/neco Neural Computation].
Gerstner has been an editorial board member of journals such as [[Science (journal)|Science]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 December 2008|title=Science Magazine Masterhead|url=https://www.science.org/toc/science/322/5908|access-date=2020-09-04}}</ref> [[The Journal of Neuroscience]], [[Network: Computation in Neural Systems]], [[Journal of Computational Neuroscience]],<ref name=":0" /> and Neural Computation.


He is the recipient of the Valentino Braitenberg Award for Computational Neuroscience 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner receives Valentino Braitenberg Award 2018 — Bernstein Netzwerk Computational Neuroscience|url=https://www.bernstein-network.de/en/news/nachrichten-en/wulfram-gerstner-receives-valentino-braitenberg-award-2018|access-date=2020-09-04|website=www.bernstein-network.de|language=en}}</ref> and in 2010 he was awarded an [[ERC Advanced Grant]] by the [[European Research Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2010-01-20|title=ERC Advanced Grant 2010|url=https://erc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/document/file/erc_2010_adg_results_ls.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-09-10|website=}}</ref> Gerstner is an elected member of the [[Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur|Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Dr. Wulfram Gerstner : Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur {{!}} Mainz|url=http://www.adwmainz.de/mitglieder/profil/prof-dr-wulfram-gerstner.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=www.adwmainz.de}}</ref>
He is the recipient of the Valentino Braitenberg Award for Computational Neuroscience 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wulfram Gerstner receives Valentino Braitenberg Award 2018 — Bernstein Netzwerk Computational Neuroscience|url=https://www.bernstein-network.de/en/news/nachrichten-en/wulfram-gerstner-receives-valentino-braitenberg-award-2018|access-date=2020-09-04|website=www.bernstein-network.de|language=en}}</ref> and in 2010 he was awarded an [[ERC Advanced Grant]] by the [[European Research Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 January 2010|title=ERC Advanced Grant 2010|url=https://erc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/document/file/erc_2010_adg_results_ls.pdf|access-date=2020-09-10}}</ref> Gerstner is an elected member of the [[Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur|Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Dr. Wulfram Gerstner : Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur {{!}} Mainz|url=http://www.adwmainz.de/mitglieder/profil/prof-dr-wulfram-gerstner.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=www.adwmainz.de}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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*Online version of the textbook [https://neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch/ Neuronal dynamics: From single neurons to networks and models of cognition]
*Online version of the textbook [https://neuronaldynamics.epfl.ch/ Neuronal dynamics: From single neurons to networks and models of cognition]
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[[Category:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni]]
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[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne]]
[[Category:Neuroscientists]]
[[Category:Computational neuroscientists]]
[[Category:Computational neuroscience]]
[[Category:Neural networks]]
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni]]

Latest revision as of 20:52, 5 July 2024

Wulfram Gerstner
Wulfram Gerstner in 2018
Born1963 (age 60–61)
CitizenshipGerman
Swiss
AwardsValentino Braitenberg Award for Computational Neuroscience 2018
Academic background
Alma materUniversity of Tübingen
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Academic work
DisciplineNeuroscience
Sub-disciplineComputational neuroscience
InstitutionsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Main interestsDynamic models neural activity

Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP)
Neuronal coding
Hippocampal models

Spatial representation
Websitehttps://www.epfl.ch/labs/lcn/

Wulfram Gerstner (born 1963 in Heilbronn) is a German and Swiss computational neuroscientist. His research focuses on neural spiking patterns in neural networks, and their connection to learning, spatial representation and navigation.[1] Since 2006 Gerstner has been a full professor of Computer Science and Life Sciences at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), where he also serves as a Director of the Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience.[2]

Career

[edit]

Gerstner studied physics at the University of Tübingen and at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. In 1989, he received his Master's degree with a thesis in experimental quantum optics. He then joined the theoretical biophysics group of William Bialek at University of California, Berkeley as a visiting researcher.[3] He received his PhD in theoretical physics from the Technical University of Munich in 1993 under supervision from Leo van Hemmen. He did post doctoral work at Brandeis University[4] and at Technical University of Munich,[5] where he worked in theoretical neuroscience.

In 1996 he was nominated as assistant professor and in February 2001 he was promoted as an associate professor with tenure at EPFL. In August 2006 Gerstner was appointed full professor at EPFL in both the School of Computer and Communication Sciences and the School of Life Sciences.[2][6]

Research

[edit]

Gerstner's research is focused on models of spiking neurons,[7][8] spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP),[9] neuronal coding in single neurons and neuron populations.[10] He also investigates models of the hippocampus and their application in the spatial representation for navigation of rat-like autonomous agents.[11]

He is also one of the initiators of The Deep Artificial Composer (DAC), a deep-learning algorithm that can generate melodies by imitating a given style of music.[12]

Books

[edit]

Gerstner is the author of neuroscientific text books such as Spiking Neuron Models: Single neurons, populations, plasticity (Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M., 2002, Cambridge University Press) that introduced the field of spiking neural networks,[8] and Neuronal dynamics: From single neurons to networks and models of cognition (Gerstner, W., Kistler, W.M., Naud, R. and Paninski, L., 2014, Cambridge University Press) on the field of computational neuroscience that was also published as an online version including exercises and video lectures.[13]

Selected publications

[edit]
  • Gerstner, Wulfram (2000). "Population Dynamics of Spiking Neurons: Fast Transients, Asynchronous States, and Locking" (PDF). Neural Computation. 12 (1): 43–89. doi:10.1162/089976600300015899. PMID 10636933. S2CID 7832768.
  • Clopath, Claudia; Büsing, Lars; Vasilaki, Eleni; Gerstner, Wulfram (2010). "Connectivity reflects coding: A model of voltage-based STDP with homeostasis" (PDF). Nature Neuroscience. 13 (3): 344–352. doi:10.1038/nn.2479. hdl:10044/1/21440. PMID 20098420. S2CID 8046538.
  • Gerstner, Wulfram; Kempter, Richard; Van Hemmen, J. Leo; Wagner, Hermann (1996). "A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding" (PDF). Nature. 383 (6595): 76–78. Bibcode:1996Natur.383...76G. doi:10.1038/383076a0. PMID 8779718. S2CID 4319500.
  • Brette, Romain; Gerstner, Wulfram (2005). "Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity" (PDF). Journal of Neurophysiology. 94 (5): 3637–3642. doi:10.1152/jn.00686.2005. PMID 16014787.
  • Kempter, Richard; Gerstner, Wulfram; Van Hemmen, J. Leo (1999). "Hebbian learning and spiking neurons" (PDF). Physical Review E. 59 (4): 4498–4514. Bibcode:1999PhRvE..59.4498K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.59.4498.

Distinctions

[edit]

Gerstner has been an editorial board member of journals such as Science,[14] The Journal of Neuroscience, Network: Computation in Neural Systems, Journal of Computational Neuroscience,[2] and Neural Computation.

He is the recipient of the Valentino Braitenberg Award for Computational Neuroscience 2018[15] and in 2010 he was awarded an ERC Advanced Grant by the European Research Council.[16] Gerstner is an elected member of the Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz.[17]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Sechs neue Mitglieder in der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur | Mainz". idw-online.de. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b c "Wulfram Gerstner". people.epfl.ch. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  3. ^ GERSTNER, Wulfram (1991). "Associative Memory in a Network of 'Biological' Neurons" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 3: 84–90. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 September 2020.
  4. ^ Gerstner, Wulfram; Abbott, L.F. (1 January 1997). "Learning Navigational Maps Through Potentiation and Modulation of Hippocampal Place Cells". Journal of Computational Neuroscience. 4 (1): 79–94. doi:10.1023/A:1008820728122. ISSN 1573-6873. PMID 9046453. S2CID 6616177.
  5. ^ GERSTNER, Wulfram (1995). "Time structure of the activity in neural network models". Physical Review E. 51 (1): 738–758. Bibcode:1995PhRvE..51..738G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.51.738. PMID 9962697.
  6. ^ "Wulfram Gerstner CV". lcnwww.epfl.ch. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  7. ^ Brette, Romain; Gerstner, Wulfram (1 November 2005). "Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model as an Effective Description of Neuronal Activity" (PDF). Journal of Neurophysiology. 94 (5): 3637–3642. doi:10.1152/jn.00686.2005. ISSN 0022-3077. PMID 16014787.
  8. ^ a b Gerstner, Wulfram. (2002). Spiking neuron models : single neurons, populations, plasticity. Kistler, Werner M., 1969–. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-511-07817-X. OCLC 57417395.
  9. ^
  10. ^
  11. ^ Sheynikhovich, Denis; Chavarriaga, Ricardo; Strösslin, Thomas; Arleo, Angelo; Gerstner, Wulfram (1 July 2009). "Is there a geometric module for spatial orientation? Insights from a rodent navigation model" (PDF). Psychological Review. 116 (3): 540–566. doi:10.1037/a0016170. ISSN 1939-1471. PMID 19618986.
  12. ^
  13. ^
  14. ^ "Science Magazine Masterhead". 12 December 2008. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  15. ^ "Wulfram Gerstner receives Valentino Braitenberg Award 2018 — Bernstein Netzwerk Computational Neuroscience". www.bernstein-network.de. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  16. ^ "ERC Advanced Grant 2010" (PDF). 20 January 2010. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  17. ^ "Prof. Dr. Wulfram Gerstner : Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur | Mainz". www.adwmainz.de. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
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