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{{pp-semi-protected|small=yes}}
{{Short description|Japanese virologist (1928–2013)}}
{{Short description|Japanese virologist (1928–2013)}}
{{Infobox medical person
{{Infobox medical person
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| profession =
| profession =
| field = [[Medicine]]
| field = [[Medicine]]
| work_institutions = [[Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University]]
| work_institutions = [http://www.biken.osaka-u.ac.jp/en/ Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University]
| specialism = [[Virology]]
| specialism = [[Virology]]
| research_field = [[Chickenpox]]
| research_field = [[Chickenpox]]
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| signature =
| signature =
}}
}}
{{nihongo|'''Michiaki Takahashi'''|高橋 理明|Takahashi Michiaki|February 17, 1928 – December 16, 2013}} was a Japanese [[virologist]], best known for inventing the first [[chickenpox]] [[vaccine]] and having attenuated the [[varicella zoster virus]] to produce the Oka vaccine.
{{nihongo|'''Michiaki Takahashi'''|高橋 理明|Takahashi Michiaki|February 17, 1928 – December 16, 2013}} was a Japanese [[virologist]], best known for inventing the first [[chickenpox vaccine]]. He developed the "Oka" vaccine by producing v-Oka, a live-attenuated virus strain of [[varicella zoster virus]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Quinlivan|first1=Mark|last2=Breuer|first2=Judith|last3=Schmid|first3=D Scott|date=2011|title=Molecular studies of the Oka varicella vaccine|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/erv.11.93|journal=Expert Review of Vaccines|language=en|volume=10|issue=9|pages=1321–1336|doi=10.1586/erv.11.93|pmid=21919621|s2cid=9806464|issn=1476-0584|access-date=2022-02-17|archive-date=2022-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217174452/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/erv.11.93|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Life==
==Life==
Born at [[Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka]], Japan, on February 17, 1928,<ref name="a" /> Takahashi earned his MD in 1954 from [[Osaka University]]'s Medical School, and completed in 1959 the Graduate Course of Medical Science, majoring in poxvirus virology.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&q=takahashi+michiaki%E3%80%801928&pg=PA266|title=Vaccine development|isbn=9781441911087|last1=Artenstein|first1=Andrew W.|date=11 December 2009}}</ref>
Born at [[Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka]], Japan, on February 17, 1928,<ref name="a" /> Takahashi earned his MD in 1954 from [[Osaka University]]'s Medical School, and completed in 1959 the Graduate Course of Medical Science, majoring in poxvirus virology.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&q=takahashi+michiaki%E3%80%801928&pg=PA266|title=Vaccine development|isbn=9781441911087|last1=Artenstein|first1=Andrew W.|date=2009|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=17 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217174451/https://books.google.com/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&q=takahashi+michiaki%E3%80%801928&pg=PA266|url-status=live}}</ref>


Between 1963 and 1965 he studied at [[Baylor College of Medicine]] in [[Texas]], and at the Fels Research Institute of [[Temple University]], in [[Pennsylvania]].<ref name="b"/>
Between 1963 and 1965 he studied at [[Baylor College of Medicine]] in [[Texas]], and at the Fels Research Institute of [[Temple University]], in [[Philadelphia]].<ref name="b"/>


The experience of watching his eldest son, Teruyuki, suffer from chickenpox while studying in the U.S. led him to begin development of a chickenpox vaccine in 1971. The research was extremely difficult, but was completed in 1973.
The experience of watching his eldest son, Teruyuki, suffer from chickenpox while studying in the U.S. led him to begin development of a chickenpox vaccine in 1971. The research was extremely difficult, but was completed in 1973.
In 1984, the vaccine was certified by the WHO as the most suitable chickenpox vaccine, and in 1986, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare approved it for practical use in countries around the world.<ref name="a"/>
In 1984, the vaccine was certified by the WHO as the most suitable chickenpox vaccine, and in 1986, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare approved it for practical use in countries around the world.<ref name="a"/>


Takahashi became the director of Osaka University's Microbial Disease Study Group in 1994.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Molina |first1=Brett |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2022/02/17/michiaki-takahashi-google-doodle-chickenpox-vaccine/6827249001/ |title=Google Doodle honors Dr. Michiaki Takahashi, developer of first chickenpox vaccine |access-date=17 February 2022 |publisher=USA Today |date=17 February 2022}}</ref>
After retirement from Osaka University, he was given the title [[Professor|professor emeritus]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Takahashi |first1=Dr. Michiaki |title=Dedication |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases |date=November 1998 |volume=178 |issue=s1 |pages=Siii–iii |doi=10.1086/514252 |url=https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/178/Supplement_1/Siii/922904}}</ref>
After retirement from Osaka University, he was given the title [[Professor|professor emeritus]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Takahashi |first1=Dr. Michiaki |title=Dedication |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases |date=November 1998 |volume=178 |issue=s1 |pages=Siii–iii |doi=10.1086/514252 |doi-access=free }}</ref>


He died on December 16, 2013, from [[heart failure]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mainichi.jp/select/news/20131219k0000m060059000c.html|title=訃報:高橋理明さん８５歳＝大阪大名誉教授、ウイルス学|publisher=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]|language=Japanese|accessdate=December 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219162636/http://mainichi.jp/select/news/20131219k0000m060059000c.html|archivedate=December 19, 2013}}</ref><ref name="a">{{cite news |last1=Yardley |first1=William |title=Michiaki Takahashi, 85, Who Tamed Chickenpox, Dies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/health/michiaki-takahashi-85-who-tamed-chickenpox-dies.html |work=The New York Times |date=22 December 2013}}</ref>
He died on December 16, 2013, from [[heart failure]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mainichi.jp/select/news/20131219k0000m060059000c.html|title=訃報:高橋理明さん８５歳＝大阪大名誉教授、ウイルス学|publisher=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]|language=Japanese|accessdate=December 19, 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219162636/http://mainichi.jp/select/news/20131219k0000m060059000c.html|archivedate=December 19, 2013}}</ref><ref name="a">{{cite news |last1=Yardley |first1=William |title=Michiaki Takahashi, 85, Who Tamed Chickenpox, Dies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/health/michiaki-takahashi-85-who-tamed-chickenpox-dies.html |work=The New York Times |date=22 December 2013 |access-date=27 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211220257/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/health/michiaki-takahashi-85-who-tamed-chickenpox-dies.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Awards==
==Awards==
* Saburo Kojima Memorial Culture Award (1975)<ref name="b">{{cite book |last1=Artenstein |first1=Andrew W. |title=Vaccines: A Biography |date=11 December 2009 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4419-1108-7 |page=267 |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&pg=PA267&lpg=PA267&dq=Saburo+Kojima+Memorial+Culture+Award+(1975)&source=bl&ots=bquaPvwBKL&sig=ACfU3U2QThgYAov2jNLMTJbDvVn1_bwZzg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiigKf4-IX2AhUjQ_UHHQtCCBQQ6AF6BAggEAI#v=onepage&q=Saburo%20Kojima%20Memorial%20Culture%20Award%20(1975)&f=false |language=en}}</ref>
* Saburo Kojima Memorial Culture Award (1975)<ref name="b">{{cite book |last1=Artenstein |first1=Andrew W. |title=Vaccines: A Biography |date=11 December 2009 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4419-1108-7 |page=267 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&dq=Saburo+Kojima+Memorial+Culture+Award+%281975%29&pg=PA267 |language=en |access-date=17 February 2022 |archive-date=17 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217174451/https://books.google.com/books?id=ewdL8ilILZAC&dq=Saburo+Kojima+Memorial+Culture+Award+%281975%29&pg=PA267 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*VZVRF's third Scientific Achievement Award (1997)<ref name="aw">{{cite web |last1=日本人名大辞典+Plus |first1=ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,デジタル版 |title=高橋理明とは |url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B%E7%90%86%E6%98%8E-1087757 |website=コトバンク |language=ja}}</ref>
*VZVRF's third Scientific Achievement Award (1997)<ref name="aw">{{cite web |last1=日本人名大辞典+Plus |first1=ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,デジタル版 |title=高橋理明とは |url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B%E7%90%86%E6%98%8E-1087757 |website=コトバンク |language=ja |access-date=2022-02-16 |archive-date=2022-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216191522/https://kotobank.jp/word/%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B%E7%90%86%E6%98%8E-1087757 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Prince Mahidol Award]] (2008)<ref name="aw"/>
*[[Prince Mahidol Award]] (2008)<ref name="aw"/>


==Leagacy==
==Legacy==
The Japanese Society for Vaccinology presents an annual prize named in Takahashi's honor: ''The Japanese Society for Vaccinology Takahashi Prize'', founded in October 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsvac.jp/takahashi.htm|title=高橋賞|publisher=The Japanese Society for Vaccinology website|language=Japanese|accessdate=December 19, 2013}}</ref>
The Japanese Society for Vaccinology presents an annual prize named in Takahashi's honor: ''The Japanese Society for Vaccinology Takahashi Prize'', founded in October 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jsvac.jp/takahashi.htm|title=高橋賞|publisher=The Japanese Society for Vaccinology website|language=Japanese|accessdate=December 19, 2013|archive-date=December 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219111830/http://www.jsvac.jp/takahashi.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>


On 17 February, 2022, to honor his 94th birthday, Takahashi was given a [[Google Doodle]].<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/kionasmith/2022/02/17/todays-google-doodle-celebrates-virologist-michiaki-takahashi-inventor-of-the-chickenpox-vaccine/?sh=79192e255a5b</ref>
On 17 February 2022, Takahashi was honoured with a [[Google Doodle]] on his 94th birthday.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Michiaki Takahashi's 94th Birthday|url=https://doodles.google/doodle/dr-michiaki-takahashis-94th-birthday/|access-date=2022-02-17|work=Google|language=en|archive-date=2022-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216234454/https://www.google.com/doodles/dr-michiaki-takahashis-94th-birthday|url-status=live}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:Japanese virologists]]
[[Category:Japanese virologists]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese biologists]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese scientists]]
[[Category:Vaccinologists]]
[[Category:Vaccinologists]]
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[[Category:Baylor College of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Baylor College of Medicine alumni]]
[[Category:Temple University alumni]]
[[Category:Temple University alumni]]
[[Category:Osaka University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Osaka University]]
[[Category:People from Higashisumiyoshi, Osaka]]
[[Category:People from Osaka]]
[[Category:People from Osaka Prefecture]]
[[Category:People from Osaka Prefecture]]


{{Japan-med-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 13:01, 6 July 2024

Michiaki Takahashi
Born(1928-02-17)February 17, 1928
Yuzato, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
DiedDecember 16, 2013(2013-12-16) (aged 85)
Suita, Osaka Prefecture, Japan
Education
OccupationVirologist
Medical career
FieldMedicine
InstitutionsResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University
Sub-specialtiesVirology
ResearchChickenpox
Notable worksVaricella vaccine

Michiaki Takahashi (高橋 理明, Takahashi Michiaki, February 17, 1928 – December 16, 2013) was a Japanese virologist, best known for inventing the first chickenpox vaccine. He developed the "Oka" vaccine by producing v-Oka, a live-attenuated virus strain of varicella zoster virus.[1]

Life

[edit]

Born at Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan, on February 17, 1928,[2] Takahashi earned his MD in 1954 from Osaka University's Medical School, and completed in 1959 the Graduate Course of Medical Science, majoring in poxvirus virology.[3]

Between 1963 and 1965 he studied at Baylor College of Medicine in Texas, and at the Fels Research Institute of Temple University, in Philadelphia.[4]

The experience of watching his eldest son, Teruyuki, suffer from chickenpox while studying in the U.S. led him to begin development of a chickenpox vaccine in 1971. The research was extremely difficult, but was completed in 1973. In 1984, the vaccine was certified by the WHO as the most suitable chickenpox vaccine, and in 1986, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare approved it for practical use in countries around the world.[2]

Takahashi became the director of Osaka University's Microbial Disease Study Group in 1994.[5] After retirement from Osaka University, he was given the title professor emeritus.[6]

He died on December 16, 2013, from heart failure.[7][2]

Awards

[edit]

Legacy

[edit]

The Japanese Society for Vaccinology presents an annual prize named in Takahashi's honor: The Japanese Society for Vaccinology Takahashi Prize, founded in October 2005.[9]

On 17 February 2022, Takahashi was honoured with a Google Doodle on his 94th birthday.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Quinlivan, Mark; Breuer, Judith; Schmid, D Scott (2011). "Molecular studies of the Oka varicella vaccine". Expert Review of Vaccines. 10 (9): 1321–1336. doi:10.1586/erv.11.93. ISSN 1476-0584. PMID 21919621. S2CID 9806464. Archived from the original on 2022-02-17. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
  2. ^ a b c Yardley, William (22 December 2013). "Michiaki Takahashi, 85, Who Tamed Chickenpox, Dies". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
  3. ^ Artenstein, Andrew W. (2009). Vaccine development. ISBN 9781441911087. Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  4. ^ a b Artenstein, Andrew W. (11 December 2009). Vaccines: A Biography. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 267. ISBN 978-1-4419-1108-7. Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
  5. ^ Molina, Brett (17 February 2022). "Google Doodle honors Dr. Michiaki Takahashi, developer of first chickenpox vaccine". USA Today. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
  6. ^ Takahashi, Dr. Michiaki (November 1998). "Dedication". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 178 (s1): Siii–iii. doi:10.1086/514252.
  7. ^ "訃報:高橋理明さん８５歳＝大阪大名誉教授、ウイルス学" (in Japanese). Mainichi Shimbun. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
  8. ^ a b 日本人名大辞典+Plus, ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,デジタル版. "高橋理明とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2022-02-16. Retrieved 2022-02-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "高橋賞" (in Japanese). The Japanese Society for Vaccinology website. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
  10. ^ "Dr. Michiaki Takahashi's 94th Birthday". Google. Archived from the original on 2022-02-16. Retrieved 2022-02-17.
[edit]


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