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{{Short description|French mathematician (1848–1910)}}
{{Infobox_Scientist
{{Infobox scientist
⚫
| name = Jules Tannery
| image = Jules Tannery.jpg|300px
| name = Jules Tannery
⚫
| image = Jules Tannery.jpg
| image_width = 300px
| caption = Jules Tannery (1848-1910). Photo by A. Gerschel & Sons (c. 1866).
| image_size = 225px
| caption = Jules Tannery (1848-1910). Photo by A. Gerschel & Sons (c. 1866).
| birth_date = {{birth date|1848|03|24|mf=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1848|3|24|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Mantes-sur-Seine]], [[France]]
| birth_place = [[Mantes-sur-Seine]], [[France]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1910|12|11|1848|03|24|mf=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1910|12|11|1848|3|24|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]
| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]
⚫
| citizenship =
| residence = {{flagicon|France}} [[France]]
| citizenship =
| ethnicity =
⚫
| field = [[Mathematician]]
| nationality = {{flagicon|France}} [[France|French]]
⚫
| work_institution = [[École Normale Supérieure]]<br>[[Université de Paris]]<br>[[University of Paris|Sorbonne]]
| ethnicity =
⚫
| alma_mater = [[École Normale Supérieure]]
⚫
| field = [[Mathematician]]
⚫
| doctoral_advisor = [[Charles Hermite]]
⚫
| work_institution = [[École Normale Supérieure]]</br>[[Université de Paris]]</br>[[Sorbonne]]
⚫
| doctoral_students = [[Albert Châtelet]]<br>[[Jacques Hadamard]]<!--[[Xavier Stouff]]<br>[[Jules Drach]]-->
⚫
| alma_mater = [[École Normale Supérieure]]
| known_for = Philosophy of mathematics
⚫
| doctoral_advisor = [[Charles Hermite]]
⚫
| doctoral_students = [[Albert Châtelet]]</br>[[Jacques Hadamard]]<!--[[Xavier Stouff]]</br>[[Jules Drach]]-->
⚫
| known_for =
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_zoo =
| author_abbrev_zoo =
| influences =
| influenced = [[Paul Tannery]]</br>[[Paul Painlevé]]</br>[[Jules Drach]]</br>[[Emile Borel]]
| prizes =
| prizes =
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]], though had a religious crisis in the 1870s.
| footnotes = Brother of [[Paul Tannery]]
| footnotes = Brother of [[Paul Tannery]]
| signature =
| signature =
}}
}}


'''Jules Tannery''' (24 March 1848 – 11 December 1910) was a French [[mathematician]], who notably studied under [[Charles Hermite]] and was the PhD advisor of [[Jacques Hadamard]]. [[Tannery's theorem]] on interchange of limits and series is named after him.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hofbauer|first=Josef|date=2002|title=A Simple Proof of 1 + 1/22 + 1/32 + ⋯ = {{pi}}<sup>2</sup>/6 and Related Identities|journal=The American Mathematical Monthly|volume=109|issue=2|pages=196–200|doi=10.2307/2695334|jstor=2695334}}</ref> He was a brother of the mathematician and historian of science [[Paul Tannery]].


⚫
Under Hermite, he received a doctorate in 1874 for his thesis ''Propriétés des intégrales des équations différentielles linéaires à coefficients variables.''
'''Jules Tannery''' ([[March 24]], [[1848]] – [[December 11]], [[1910]]) was a [[France|French]] [[mathematician]] who notably studied under [[Charles Hermite]] and was the PhD advisor of [[Jacques Hadamard]].


Tannery was an advocate for [[mathematics education]], particular as a means to train children in logical consequence through [[synthetic geometry]] and [[mathematical proof]]s.<ref>Jules Tannery [http://www.pims.math.ca/~hoek/teageo/Tannery/ The Teaching of Elementary Geometry] via [[Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences]]</ref>
⚫
Under Hermite, he received is doctorate in 1874 for his thesis ''Propriétés des Intégrales des Équations Différentielle Linéaires à Coefficients Variables.''


He discovered a surface of the fourth order of which all the geodesic lines are algebraic. He was not an inventor, however, but essentially a critic and methodologist. He once remarked, "Mathematicians are so used to their symbols and have so much fun playing with them, that it is sometimes necessary to take their toys away from them in order to oblige them to think."
Tannery discovered a surface of the fourth order of which all the [[geodesic]] lines are algebraic. He was not an inventor, however, but essentially a critic and methodologist. He once remarked, "Mathematicians are so used to their symbols and have so much fun playing with them, that it is sometimes necessary to take their toys away from them in order to oblige them to think."


He notably influenced [[Paul Painlevé]], [[Jules Drach]], and [[Emile Borel]] to take up science.
He notably influenced [[Pierre Duhem]], [[Paul Painlevé]], [[Jules Drach]], and [[Émile Borel]] to take up science.


His efforts were mainly directed to the study of the mathematical foundations and of the philosophical ideas implied
His efforts were mainly directed to the study of the mathematical foundations and of the philosophical ideas implied in mathematical thinking.
Tannery was "an original thinker, a successful teacher, and a writer endowed with an unusually clear, brilliant and attractive style."<ref>[[G. B. Mathews]] (1910) [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v85/n2145/pdf/085175a0.pdf Jules Tannery] [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] 85:175 (#2145)</ref>
in mathematical thinking.

==Works==
* 1894: [https://archive.org/details/leonsdarithmtiq00tanngoog/page/n12 Leçons sur l'Arithmétique théorique et pratique], Armand Colin & Cie, via Internet Archive
* ''Rôle du nombre dans les sciences''
* 1893: {{in lang|fr}} J. Tannery and J. Molk [http://gallica.bnf.fr/notice?N=FRBNF37258233 Eléments de la théorie des fonctions elliptiques. Tome I, Introduction. Calcul différentiel. Ire partie]{{dead link|date=July 2022}} (Paris : Gauthier-Villars et fils)
* 1893: {{in lang|fr}} J. Tannery and J. Molk [http://gallica.bnf.fr/notice?N=FRBNF37258241 Eléments de la théorie des fonctions elliptiques. Tome II, Calcul différentiel. IIe partie]{{dead link|date=July 2022}} (Paris : Gauthier-Villars et fils)
* 1893: {{in lang|fr}} J. Tannery and J. Molk [http://gallica.bnf.fr/notice?N=FRBNF37258245 Eléments de la théorie des fonctions elliptiques. Tome III, Calcul intégral. Ire partie, Théorèmes généraux. Inversion]{{dead link|date=July 2022}} (Paris : Gauthier-Villars et fils)
* 1893: {{in lang|fr}} J. Tannery and J. Molk [http://gallica.bnf.fr/notice?N=FRBNF37258246 Eléments de la théorie des fonctions elliptiques. Tome IV, Calcul intégral. IIe partie, Applications]{{dead link|date=July 2022}} (Paris : Gauthier-Villars et fils)
* 1901: [https://archive.org/details/noticesurlestrav00tannuoft/page/n3 Notice sur les travaux scientifique de M. Jules Tannery], Gauthier-Villars via Internet Archive
* 1904: [https://archive.org/details/introductionla01tannuoft/page/n6 Introduction à la théorie des fonctions d'une variable, volume 1], Librairie Scientifique A. Hermann
* 1910: [https://archive.org/details/introductionlath02tann/page/n6 Introduction á la théorie des fonctions d'une variable, volume 2], Librairie Scientifique A. Hermann
* 1906: [https://archive.org/details/leonsdalgbreetd03tanngoog/page/n12 Leçons d'algèbra et d'analyse, volume 1] via Internet Archive
* 1906: [https://archive.org/details/leonsdalgbreetd01tanngoog/page/n11 Leçons d'algèbra et d'analyse, volume 2] via Internet Archive
* 1910: [https://archive.org/details/correspentrelej00tannrich Correspondence entre Lejeun Dirichlet et Liouville] via [[Internet Archive]]
* 1924: [https://archive.org/details/scienceetphilos00boregoog/page/n15 Science et Philosophie] with Introduction by [[Émile Borel]], Librairie Felix Alcan via Internet Archive


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}


* George Sarton, "Jules, and Marie Tannery (with a note on Grégoire Wyrouboff)," ''Isis'', '''Vol. 38''', No. 1/2. (Nov., 1947), pp. 33-51.
* [[George Sarton]] (1947) "Paul, Jules, and Marie Tannery (with a note on Grégoire Wyrouboff)", [[Isis (journal)|Isis]] 38 (1/2): 33–51.


==External Links==
==External links==
* {{MacTutor|Tannery}}
*[http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Tannery_Jules.html Tannery's Mactutor biography]
* {{MathGenealogy|34260}}
*[http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=34260 Tannery's math genealogy]


{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Tannery, Jules}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tannery, Jules}}
[[Category:19th century mathematicians]]
[[Category:19th-century French mathematicians]]
[[Category:French mathematicians]]
[[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Paris]]
[[Category:1848 births]]
[[Category:1848 births]]
[[Category:1910 deaths]]
[[Category:1910 deaths]]

Latest revision as of 00:07, 7 July 2024

Jules Tannery
Jules Tannery (1848-1910). Photo by A. Gerschel & Sons (c. 1866).
Born(1848-03-24)24 March 1848
Mantes-sur-Seine, France
Died11 December 1910(1910-12-11) (aged 62)
Paris, France
Alma materÉcole Normale Supérieure
Known forPhilosophy of mathematics
Scientific career
FieldsMathematician
InstitutionsÉcole Normale Supérieure
Université de Paris
Sorbonne
Doctoral advisorCharles Hermite
Doctoral studentsAlbert Châtelet
Jacques Hadamard
Notes
Brother of Paul Tannery

Jules Tannery (24 March 1848 – 11 December 1910) was a French mathematician, who notably studied under Charles Hermite and was the PhD advisor of Jacques Hadamard. Tannery's theorem on interchange of limits and series is named after him.[1] He was a brother of the mathematician and historian of science Paul Tannery.

Under Hermite, he received a doctorate in 1874 for his thesis Propriétés des intégrales des équations différentielles linéaires à coefficients variables.

Tannery was an advocate for mathematics education, particular as a means to train children in logical consequence through synthetic geometry and mathematical proofs.[2]

Tannery discovered a surface of the fourth order of which all the geodesic lines are algebraic. He was not an inventor, however, but essentially a critic and methodologist. He once remarked, "Mathematicians are so used to their symbols and have so much fun playing with them, that it is sometimes necessary to take their toys away from them in order to oblige them to think."

He notably influenced Pierre Duhem, Paul Painlevé, Jules Drach, and Émile Borel to take up science.

His efforts were mainly directed to the study of the mathematical foundations and of the philosophical ideas implied in mathematical thinking. Tannery was "an original thinker, a successful teacher, and a writer endowed with an unusually clear, brilliant and attractive style."[3]

Works

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References

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  1. ^ Hofbauer, Josef (2002). "A Simple Proof of 1 + 1/22 + 1/32 + ⋯ = π2/6 and Related Identities". The American Mathematical Monthly. 109 (2): 196–200. doi:10.2307/2695334. JSTOR 2695334.
  2. ^ Jules Tannery The Teaching of Elementary Geometry via Pacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences
  3. ^ G. B. Mathews (1910) Jules Tannery Nature 85:175 (#2145)
  • George Sarton (1947) "Paul, Jules, and Marie Tannery (with a note on Grégoire Wyrouboff)", Isis 38 (1/2): 33–51.
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