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{{Short description|A Janya raga of Carnatic music}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Carnatic}}
{{Carnatic}}
{{Infobox ragam
⚫
'''Dhanyasi''' is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a ''[[janya]]'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th ''[[melakarta]]'' scale ''[[Hanumatodi]]''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''[[swara]]s'' (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale ''[[Udayaravichandrika|Shuddha Dhanyasi]]'' and the ''[[sampurna raga]]'' scale ''Hanumatodi''.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref>
| name = Dhanyasi
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela =
| chakra =
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|G2|M1|P|N2|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N2|D1|P|M1|G2|R1|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}


⚫
'''Dhanyasi''' is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a ''[[janya]]'' rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th ''[[melakarta]]'' scale ''[[Hanumatodi]]''. It is a ''janya'' scale, as it does not have all the seven ''[[swara]]s'' (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale ''[[Shuddha Dhanyasi]]'' and the ''[[sampurna raga]]'' scale ''Hanumatodi''.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref>
⚫
This is the common and popular scale and is used for portraying the ''[[Rasa (aesthetics)|bhakthi rasa]]''.<ref name="ragas" /> According to the [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school, there exists a scale with same name, ''Dhanyasi'', which is derived from ''[[Natabhairavi]] melakarta'' scale, instead of ''Hanumatodi'' scale.<ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> This scale is less popular and has far less compositions set to it.

⚫
This is the common and popular scale and is used for portraying the ''[[Rasa (aesthetics)|bhakthi rasa]]''.<ref name="ragas" /> According to the [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school, Dhanyasi is derived from ''[[Nariritigaula]] melakarta'' scale, instead of ''Hanumatodi'' scale, but nevertheless includes only shuddha rishabham.<ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref>


== Structure and Lakshana ==
== Structure and Lakshana ==
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''Dhanyasi'' is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain ''rishabham'' or ''dhaivatam'' in the ascending scale. It is an ''audava-sampurna'' rāgam (or ''owdava'' rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale).<ref name="ragas" /><ref name="raganidhi" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:
''Dhanyasi'' is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain ''rishabham'' or ''dhaivatam'' in the ascending scale. It is an ''audava-sampurna'' rāgam (or ''owdava'' rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale).<ref name="ragas" /><ref name="raganidhi" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:


*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]] : S G2 M1 P N2 S
*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]] : {{svaraC|S|G2|M1|P|N2|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]] : S N2 D1 P M1 G2 R1 S
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]] : {{svaraC|S'|N2|D1|P|M1|G2|R1|S|foot=yes}}


The notes used in this scale are ''shadjam, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''kaishiki nishadham'' in ascending scale, with ''shuddha dhaivatam'' and ''shuddha rishabham'' included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]].
The notes used in this scale are ''shadjam, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''kaishiki nishadham'' in ascending scale, with ''shuddha dhaivatam'' and ''shuddha rishabham'' included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see [[Swara#Svaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]].


The rāgam used by Dikshitar school of music uses ''chathusruti rishabham'' (R2) in the descending scale, in place of ''shuddha rishabham'' (R1), bringing it under the 20th melakarta ''Natabhairavi''.<ref name="raganidhi" />
The rāgam used by Dikshitar school of music uses ''chathusruti rishabham'' (R2) in the descending scale, in place of ''shuddha rishabham'' (R1), bringing it under the 20th melakarta ''Natabhairavi''.<ref name="raganidhi" />
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*''Nammina varini'' by [[Bhadrachala Ramadas]]
*''Nammina varini'' by [[Bhadrachala Ramadas]]
*''Dasara nindisabeda'' by [[Purandara Dasa]]
*''Dasara nindisabeda'' by [[Purandara Dasa]]
*''Vani arul purivai'' by [[Papanasam Sivan]]
*''Vani arul purivai'' and ''Balakrishnan padamalar'' by [[Papanasam Sivan]]
*''Sri Ranganathaya namasthe'' and ''Mayuranatham anisham '' by [[Muthuswamy Dikshitar]]
*''Sri Ranganathaya namasthe'' and ''Mayuranatham anisham '' by [[Muthuswamy Dikshitar]]
*''Meenalochana brova '' by [[Shyama Sastri]]
*''Meenalochana brova '' by [[Shyama Sastri]]
*''Ye maguva'' – Padhavarnam by Mysore Sadasivarayar


== Related rāgams ==
== Related rāgams ==
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.


== Graha Bhedam ==
=== Graha Bhedam ===
''[[Salaga Bhairavi]]'' can be derived from ''Dhanyasi'' when sung from Nishadam to Nishadam.
''[[Salaga Bhairavi]]'' can be derived from ''Dhanyasi'' when sung from Nishadam to Nishadam.

=== Scale similarities ===
=== Scale similarities ===
*''Udayaravichandrika'', also known as ''Shuddha Dhanyasi'' has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of ''Dhanyasi''. Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 G2 S
*''Udayaravichandrika'', also known as ''Shuddha Dhanyasi'' has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of ''Dhanyasi''. Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 G2 S
*''Dhanyasi'' scale as per Dikshitar school uses ''chatusruti rishabham'' in descending scale in place of the ''shuddha rishabham''. Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 D1 P M1 G2 R2 S
*''Dhanyasi'' scale as per Dikshitar school uses ''shuddha rishabham'' in descending scale but is classified as a 20th melakartha janya ragam by Venkatamakhi. Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 D1 P M1 G2 R1 S

==Notes==
{{notelist|30em}}

== Film songs ==

=== Language : [[Telugu Language|Telugu]] ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!style="background:#f4a860" |Song
!style="background:#c2e7ff" |Movie
!style="background:#c2e7a3" |Composer
!style="background:#00ffff" |Singers
|-
|Katuka Kantineeru (Potana poem)
|[[Bhakta Potana]]
|[[V. Nagayya]]
|[[V. Nagayya]]
|-
|Sakala Kalyanabhusha
|[[Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam]]
|[[Pendyala (composer)]]
|[[Madhavapeddi Satyam]]
|}


== References ==
==References==
{{Portal|Indian classical music}}
{{Portal|India|Music}}
<references/>
<references/>


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{{Janya|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}


[[Category:Carnatic Ragas]]
[[Category:Janya ragas]]
[[Category:Janya Ragas]]

Latest revision as of 03:09, 8 July 2024

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇā
Veṇu
Nādasvaraṃ
Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghaṭaṃ
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box
Dhanyasi
ArohanamS G₂ M₁ P N₂ Ṡ
AvarohanamṠ N₂ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₁ S

Dhanyasi is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th melakarta scale Hanumatodi. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale Shuddha Dhanyasi and the sampurna raga scale Hanumatodi.[1]

This is the common and popular scale and is used for portraying the bhakthi rasa.[1] According to the Muthuswami Dikshitar school, Dhanyasi is derived from Nariritigaula melakarta scale, instead of Hanumatodi scale, but nevertheless includes only shuddha rishabham.[2]

Structure and Lakshana

[edit]
Ascending scale with shadjam at C, which is same as Udayaravichandrika scale
Descending scale with shadjam at C, which is same as Hanumatodi scale

Dhanyasi is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain rishabham or dhaivatam in the ascending scale. It is an audava-sampurna rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale).[1][2] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam and kaishiki nishadham in ascending scale, with shuddha dhaivatam and shuddha rishabham included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see swaras in Carnatic music.

The rāgam used by Dikshitar school of music uses chathusruti rishabham (R2) in the descending scale, in place of shuddha rishabham (R1), bringing it under the 20th melakarta Natabhairavi.[2]

[edit]

There are many compositions set to Dhanyasi rāgam.

[edit]

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Graha Bhedam

[edit]

Salaga Bhairavi can be derived from Dhanyasi when sung from Nishadam to Nishadam.

Scale similarities

[edit]
  • Udayaravichandrika, also known as Shuddha Dhanyasi has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of Dhanyasi. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 G2 S
  • Dhanyasi scale as per Dikshitar school uses shuddha rishabham in descending scale but is classified as a 20th melakartha janya ragam by Venkatamakhi. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S G2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 D1 P M1 G2 R1 S

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S G̱ M P Ṉ Ṡ
    • Western: C E♭ F G B♭ C
  2. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ Ḏ P M G̱ Ṟ S
    • Western: C B♭ A♭ G F E♭ D♭ C

Film songs

[edit]

Language : Telugu

[edit]
Song Movie Composer Singers
Katuka Kantineeru (Potana poem) Bhakta Potana V. Nagayya V. Nagayya
Sakala Kalyanabhusha Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam Pendyala (composer) Madhavapeddi Satyam

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. ^ a b c Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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