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{{Short description|Marble bust by Giuseppe Ceracchi}}
{{Infobox artwork
{{Infobox artwork
| title = Alexander Hamilton
| title = Alexander Hamilton
| image_file = File:Alexander Hamilton by Ceracchi - marble, Crystal Bridges Museum.jpg
| image_file = File:Alexander Hamilton by Ceracchi - marble, Crystal Bridges Museum.jpg
| caption = Bust at [[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]]
| caption = Ceracchi's original bust of [[Alexander Hamilton|Hamilton]], ''Alexander Hamilton'', on display at [[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]] in [[Bentonville, Arkansas]]
| painting_alignment =
| painting_alignment =
| image_size =
| image_size =
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| url = <!--{{URL|example.com}} Only for official web pages-->
| url = <!--{{URL|example.com}} Only for official web pages-->
}}
}}
'''''Alexander Hamilton''''' is a marble bust portrait of [[Alexander Hamilton]], done in the style of a Roman Senator, by the [[Italy|Italian]] sculptor [[Giuseppe Ceracchi]].<ref name=siris-marble>{{cite web|title=Alexander Hamilton, (sculpture)|url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&menu=search&aspect=Keyword&term=76008649&index=.NW|work=Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System|publisher=Smithsonian American Art Museum}}</ref> Ceracchi also created many replicas, in both marble and plaster. The bust was later used as a model for sculptures and paintings.
'''''Alexander Hamilton''''' is a marble bust portrait of [[Founding Fathers of the United States|American Founding Father]] [[Alexander Hamilton]], done in the style of a Roman Senator, by the [[Italy|Italian]] sculptor [[Giuseppe Ceracchi]].<ref name=siris-marble>{{cite web|title=Alexander Hamilton, (sculpture)|url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&menu=search&aspect=Keyword&term=76008649&index=.NW|work=Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System|publisher=Smithsonian American Art Museum}}</ref> Ceracchi also created many replicas, in both marble and plaster. The bust was later used as a model for several notable sculptures, paintings, and other works featuring Hamilton.


==History==
==History==
===Development===
Ceracchi created a [[terracotta]] model of Hamilton, from life, about 1791–92.<ref name=usdott>{{cite web|title=Treasury's Hamilton Bust|url=http://www.treasury.gov/about/history/collections/Pages/Treasury%27s-Hamilton-Bust.aspx|publisher=[[U.S. Department of the Treasury]]}}</ref> This was then sent to Rome, where he created the marble version. As written to Hamilton in July 1792, Ceracchi was "impatient to receive the clay that I had the satisfaction of forming from your witty and significant [[physiognomy]]".<ref name=nad>{{cite book|last1=Dearinger|first1=David Bernard|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826–1925|date=2004|publisher=Hudson Hills Press|isbn=1-55595-029-9|pages=90–91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C&pg=PA90|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}</ref> He returned to deliver the bust to Hamilton in 1794, but did not receive payment until later. On March 3, 1796, Hamilton wrote in his cash book: "for this sum through ''delicacy'' paid upon cherachi’s draft for making my bust on his own importunity & as a favour to him $620"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hamilton|first1=Alexander|title=From Alexander Hamilton to Robert Troup, 25 July 1795|url=http://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-18-02-0312#ARHN-01-18-02-0312-fn-0006|publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]|page=note 6|nopp=y|date=July 25, 1795}}</ref>
Between 1791 and 1792, Ceracchi created a [[terracotta]] model of [[Alexander Hamilton]], an [[Founding Fathers of the United States|American Founding Father]] and the first [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|U.S. Secretary of the Treasury]] during [[Presidency of George Washington|George Washington's presidency]].<ref name=usdott>{{cite web|title=Treasury's Hamilton Bust|url=http://www.treasury.gov/about/history/collections/Pages/Treasury%27s-Hamilton-Bust.aspx|publisher=[[U.S. Department of the Treasury]]}}</ref> His initial work on the model was completed during Ceracchi's stay in [[Philadelphia]], then the post-[[American Revolution|Revolutionary]] capital of the new nation.


The work was then sent to Rome, where Ceracci created the marble version. In July 1792, he wrote Hamilton saying he was "impatient to receive the clay that I had the satisfaction of forming from your witty and significant [[physiognomy]]".<ref name=nad>{{cite book|last1=Dearinger|first1=David Bernard|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826–1925|date=2004|publisher=Hudson Hills Press|isbn=1-55595-029-9|pages=90–91|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C&pg=PA90|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}</ref>
⚫
The Hamilton family kept the bust until 1896 when it was bequeathed to the [[New York Public Library]] along with the portrait painting of [[George Washington]], ''[[c:File:Stuart-george-washington-constable-1797.jpg|The Constable-Hamilton Portrait]]'', by [[Gilbert Stuart]].<ref name=sothebys>{{cite web|title=Property from the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations |url=http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2005/american-paintings-drawings-sculpture-including-property-from-the-new-york-public-library-astor-lenox-and-tilden-foundations-n08134/lot.3.html |publisher=Sotheby's |date=November 30, 2005 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807090947/http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2005/american-paintings-drawings-sculpture-including-property-from-the-new-york-public-library-astor-lenox-and-tilden-foundations-n08134/lot.3.html |archivedate=August 7, 2016 }}</ref> Both were sold together, as requested by the will, on November 30, 2005 to the [[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]] for over $8 million.<ref name=usdott/>


===Presented to Hamilton===
⚫
A copy of the bust is now housed at [[Hamilton Grange]], in New York City. The original is displayed at the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas.{{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}
In 1794, Ceracchi returned to the United States, where he delivered the bust to Hamilton. He did not receive payment for it until March 3, 1796, when Hamilton's cash book includes the entry, "for this sum through ''delicacy'' paid upon cherachi’s draft for making my bust on his own importunity & as a favour to him $620"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hamilton|first1=Alexander|title=From Alexander Hamilton to Robert Troup, 25 July 1795|url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-18-02-0312#ARHN-01-18-02-0312-fn-0006|publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]|page=note 6|no-pp=y|date=July 25, 1795}}</ref>

⚫
The Hamilton family kept the bust until 1896 when it was bequeathed to the [[New York Public Library]] along with a portrait of [[George Washington]], ''[[c:File:Stuart-george-washington-constable-1797.jpg|The Constable-Hamilton Portrait]]'', painted by [[Gilbert Stuart]].<ref name=sothebys>{{cite web|title=Property from the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations |url=http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2005/american-paintings-drawings-sculpture-including-property-from-the-new-york-public-library-astor-lenox-and-tilden-foundations-n08134/lot.3.html |publisher=Sotheby's |date=November 30, 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807090947/http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2005/american-paintings-drawings-sculpture-including-property-from-the-new-york-public-library-astor-lenox-and-tilden-foundations-n08134/lot.3.html |archive-date=August 7, 2016 }}</ref>

===2005 sale===
Both works were subsequently sold together, as requested by the will, on November 30, 2005 to the [[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]] for over $8 million.<ref name=usdott/>

===Current display locations===
⚫
One of the original Ceracchi copies of the bust is now housed at [[Hamilton Grange]] in [[New York City]]. The original is on display at [[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]] in [[Bentonville, Arkansas]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}


==Description==
==Description==
Ceracchi portrayed Hamilton in the style of a Roman Senator, with wavy hair and bare-chested, wearing a ribbon of the [[Order of the Cincinnati]] over his right shoulder.<ref name=siris-marble/><ref name=usdott/>
Ceracchi portrayed Hamilton in the style of a Roman Senator, with wavy hair and bare-chested, wearing a ribbon of the [[Society of the Cincinnati]] over his right shoulder.<ref name=siris-marble/><ref name=usdott/>


==Inscription==
==Inscription==
The original work is inscribed on the back in Latin:<ref name=sothebys/>
Ceracchi inscribed the original work on the back of in [[Latin]], which reads:<ref name=sothebys/>
{|
{|
|{{center|<poem>
|{{center|<poem>
Line 56: Line 67:
</poem>}}
</poem>}}
|}
|}
This translates to "Executed in Philadelphia and copied in Florence, Executed by Joseph Ceracchi, 1794."<ref name=usdott/>
The Latin inscription translates as, "Executed in [[Philadelphia]] and copied in [[Florence]], Executed by Joseph Ceracchi, 1794."<ref name=usdott/>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
The painter [[John Trumbull]] used the bust as model for a series of 1804–08 portraits of Hamilton.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sizer|first1=Theodore|author-link=Theodore Sizer (art historian)|title=The Works of Colonel John Trumbull, Artist of the American Revolution|date=1967|edition=Revised|publisher=Yale University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XzqAAAAMAAJ|others=with the assistance of Caroline Rollins|pages=37–8|chapter=Alexander Hamilton: Ceracchi Type}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Alexander Hamilton, (Replica) (painting)|url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&menu=search&aspect=Keyword&term=80180089&index=.NW|work=Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System|publisher=Smithsonian American Art Museum}}</ref>
Between 1804 and 1808, [[John Trumbull]] used the bust as a model for a series of portraits of Hamilton.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sizer|first1=Theodore|author-link=Theodore Sizer (art historian)|title=The Works of Colonel John Trumbull, Artist of the American Revolution|date=1967|edition=Revised|publisher=Yale University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XzqAAAAMAAJ|others=with the assistance of Caroline Rollins|pages=37–8|chapter=Alexander Hamilton: Ceracchi Type|isbn=9780608112749}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Alexander Hamilton, (Replica) (painting)|url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&menu=search&aspect=Keyword&term=80180089&index=.NW|work=Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System|publisher=Smithsonian American Art Museum}}</ref>


The first [[U.S. Postal Service]] stamp to honor Hamilton was a 1870 30-cent stamp using this bust as a model.<ref>{{cite web|title=30-cent Hamilton|url=http://arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=1&cmd=1&tid=2029287|publisher= [[National Postal Museum]]}}</ref>
In 1870, the first [[United States Postal Service|U.S. Postal Service]] stamp to honor Hamilton was a 30-cent stamp, which used the bust as a model.<ref>{{cite web|title=30-cent Hamilton|url=http://arago.si.edu/index.asp?con=1&cmd=1&tid=2029287|publisher= [[National Postal Museum]]}}</ref>


In 1880, the bust owned by Hamilton's son, [[John Church Hamilton|John C. Hamilton]], was used as a model for the head of the [[Alexander Hamilton (Conrads)|granite statue]] by [[Carl Conrads]].<ref name=nyt-bust>{{cite news|title=The Hamilton Statue. Its Unveiling To-day – The Bust After Which It Was Modeled.|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E0CE7DE123FEE3ABC4A51DFB767838B699FDE|publisher=The New York Times|date=November 22, 1880}}</ref>
In 1880, the bust then owned by Hamilton's son, [[John Church Hamilton|John C. Hamilton]], was used as a model for the head of the [[Alexander Hamilton (Conrads)|granite statue]] by [[Carl Conrads]].<ref name=nyt-bust>{{cite news|title=The Hamilton Statue. Its Unveiling To-day – The Bust After Which It Was Modeled.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1880/11/22/archives/the-hamilton-statue-its-unveiling-todaythe-bust-after-which-it-was.html|work=The New York Times|date=November 22, 1880}}</ref>


At the [[Hamilton Grange National Memorial]], the [[National Park Service]] has installed a touch-sceen display that features an [[avatar (computing)|avatar]] modeled after Ceracchi's bust.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hamilton Comes to Life (and Death) On-screen|url=http://www.nps.gov/hfc/products/av/features/2013/HamiltonGrange/|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
At the [[Hamilton Grange National Memorial]], the [[National Park Service]] installed a touch-screen display that features an [[avatar (computing)|avatar]] modeled after Ceracchi's bust.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hamilton Comes to Life (and Death) On-screen|url=http://www.nps.gov/hfc/products/av/features/2013/HamiltonGrange/|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>

==Legacy==
Ceracchi was born July 4, 1751 in [[Rome]] and created busts for several [[Founding Fathers of the United States|founding fathers]] during multiple visits to [[Philadelphia]] following the [[American Revolutionary War]].


While Ceracchi, born on July 4, 1751, created busts for several [[Founding Fathers of the United States|founding fathers]], his life did not end well. After returning to Europe, he first celebrated [[Napoleon]] with a bust, but then turned against him. After an unsuccessful plot, Napoleon had him [[guillotined]] at the [[Place de Grève]] on January 30, 1801.<ref name=nyt-bust/><ref name=bdsb>{{cite book|last1=Roscoe|first1=Ingrid|last2=Hardy|first2=Emma|last3=Sullivan|first3=M.G. |title=Online Database of the Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain 1660–1851|url=http://217.204.55.158/henrymoore/sculptor/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=491&from_list=true&x=0|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}</ref>
After completing his work in Philadelphia, Ceracchi returned to Europe, visiting France, where he had once presented [[Napoleon]] with a bust. On his return to France, however, Napoleon turned against him. After experiencing an unsuccessful plot designed to depose him, Napoleon had Ceracchi [[guillotined]] at the [[Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville – Esplanade de la Libération|Place de Grève]] on January 30, 1801 at age 49.<ref name=nyt-bust/><ref name=bdsb>{{cite book|last1=Roscoe|first1=Ingrid|last2=Hardy|first2=Emma|last3=Sullivan|first3=M.G.|title=Online Database of the Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain 1660–1851|url=http://217.204.55.158/henrymoore/sculptor/browserecord.php?-action=browse&-recid=491&from_list=true&x=0|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:John Trumbull - Alexander Hamilton - Google Art Project.jpg|Portrait by [[John Trumbull]], 1806
File:John Trumbull - Alexander Hamilton - Google Art Project.jpg|Portrait developed from the bust in 1806 by [[John Trumbull]]
File:Alexander Hamilton2-30c.jpg|30-cent U.S. stamp
File:Alexander Hamilton2-30c.jpg|30-cent stamp featuring the bust, issued by the [[United States Postal Service]] in 1870
File:Alexander Hamilton by Conrads, Central Park, NYC - 01.jpg|Statue by [[Carl Conrads]]
File:Alexander Hamilton by Conrads, Central Park, NYC - 01.jpg|A statue developed from the bust by [[Carl Conrads]], now located in [[Central Park]] in [[New York City]]
</gallery>
</gallery>


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{{Commons category|Bust of Alexander Hamilton by Giuseppe Ceracchi}}
{{Commons category|Bust of Alexander Hamilton by Giuseppe Ceracchi}}
*{{cite web|title=''Alexander Hamilton'', by Giuseppe Ceracchi|url=http://collection.crystalbridges.org/objects/189/alexander-hamilton|publisher=[[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]]}}
*{{cite web|title=''Alexander Hamilton'', by Giuseppe Ceracchi|url=http://collection.crystalbridges.org/objects/189/alexander-hamilton|publisher=[[Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]]}}
*{{cite web|first=Amy|last=Torbert|year=2016|title=Satisfied: Giuseppe Ceracchi’s Bust of Alexander Hamilton|url=http://crystalbridges.org/blog/satisfied-giuseppe-caracchis-bust-of-alexander-hamilton/|publisher=Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art}}
*{{cite web|first=Amy|last=Torbert|year=2016|title=Satisfied: Giuseppe Ceracchi's Bust of Alexander Hamilton|url=http://crystalbridges.org/blog/satisfied-giuseppe-caracchis-bust-of-alexander-hamilton/|publisher=Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art}}
*{{cite web|title=Treasury's Hamilton Bust|url=http://www.treasury.gov/about/history/collections/Pages/Treasury%27s-Hamilton-Bust.aspx|publisher=[[U.S. Department of the Treasury]]}}
*{{cite web|title=Treasury's Hamilton Bust|url=http://www.treasury.gov/about/history/collections/Pages/Treasury%27s-Hamilton-Bust.aspx|publisher=[[U.S. Department of the Treasury]]}}
*{{cite book|last1=Dearinger|first1=David Bernard|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826–1925|date=2004|publisher=Hudson Hills Press|isbn=1-55595-029-9|pages=90–91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C&pg=PA90|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}
*{{cite book|last1=Dearinger|first1=David Bernard|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826–1925|date=2004|publisher=Hudson Hills Press|isbn=1-55595-029-9|pages=90–91|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C&pg=PA90|chapter=Giuseppe Ceracchi}}


{{Alexander Hamilton}}
{{Alexander Hamilton}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:1794 sculptures]]
[[Category:1794 sculptures]]
[[Category:Busts in the United States|Hamilton]]
[[Category:Busts in the United States|Hamilton]]
[[Category:Alexander Hamilton|Ceracchi]]
[[Category:Collection of the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Alexander Hamilton|Ceracchi]]
[[Category:Giuseppe Ceracchi|Hamilton]]
[[Category:Giuseppe Ceracchi|Hamilton]]

Latest revision as of 11:34, 8 July 2024

Alexander Hamilton
Ceracchi's original bust of Hamilton, Alexander Hamilton, on display at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas
ArtistGiuseppe Ceracchi
Year1794 (1794)
TypeSculpture
MediumWhite marble
SubjectAlexander Hamilton
Dimensions63.5 cm × 35.6 cm × 30.5 cm (25.0 in × 14.0 in × 12.0 in)

Alexander Hamilton is a marble bust portrait of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, done in the style of a Roman Senator, by the Italian sculptor Giuseppe Ceracchi.[1] Ceracchi also created many replicas, in both marble and plaster. The bust was later used as a model for several notable sculptures, paintings, and other works featuring Hamilton.

History

[edit]

Development

[edit]

Between 1791 and 1792, Ceracchi created a terracotta model of Alexander Hamilton, an American Founding Father and the first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury during George Washington's presidency.[2] His initial work on the model was completed during Ceracchi's stay in Philadelphia, then the post-Revolutionary capital of the new nation.

The work was then sent to Rome, where Ceracci created the marble version. In July 1792, he wrote Hamilton saying he was "impatient to receive the clay that I had the satisfaction of forming from your witty and significant physiognomy".[3]

Presented to Hamilton

[edit]

In 1794, Ceracchi returned to the United States, where he delivered the bust to Hamilton. He did not receive payment for it until March 3, 1796, when Hamilton's cash book includes the entry, "for this sum through delicacy paid upon cherachi’s draft for making my bust on his own importunity & as a favour to him $620"[4]

The Hamilton family kept the bust until 1896 when it was bequeathed to the New York Public Library along with a portrait of George Washington, The Constable-Hamilton Portrait, painted by Gilbert Stuart.[5]

2005 sale

[edit]

Both works were subsequently sold together, as requested by the will, on November 30, 2005 to the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art for over $8 million.[2]

Current display locations

[edit]

One of the original Ceracchi copies of the bust is now housed at Hamilton Grange in New York City. The original is on display at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas.[citation needed]

Description

[edit]

Ceracchi portrayed Hamilton in the style of a Roman Senator, with wavy hair and bare-chested, wearing a ribbon of the Society of the Cincinnati over his right shoulder.[1][2]

Inscription

[edit]

Ceracchi inscribed the original work on the back of in Latin, which reads:[5]

DE FACIE PHILADELPHIAE
EX ECTIPO FLORENCIAE
FACIEBAT JOS. CERACCHI
CIDDCCLXXXXIV

The Latin inscription translates as, "Executed in Philadelphia and copied in Florence, Executed by Joseph Ceracchi, 1794."[2]

Legacy

[edit]

Between 1804 and 1808, John Trumbull used the bust as a model for a series of portraits of Hamilton.[6][7]

In 1870, the first U.S. Postal Service stamp to honor Hamilton was a 30-cent stamp, which used the bust as a model.[8]

In 1880, the bust then owned by Hamilton's son, John C. Hamilton, was used as a model for the head of the granite statue by Carl Conrads.[9]

At the Hamilton Grange National Memorial, the National Park Service installed a touch-screen display that features an avatar modeled after Ceracchi's bust.[10]

Legacy

[edit]

Ceracchi was born July 4, 1751 in Rome and created busts for several founding fathers during multiple visits to Philadelphia following the American Revolutionary War.

After completing his work in Philadelphia, Ceracchi returned to Europe, visiting France, where he had once presented Napoleon with a bust. On his return to France, however, Napoleon turned against him. After experiencing an unsuccessful plot designed to depose him, Napoleon had Ceracchi guillotined at the Place de Grève on January 30, 1801 at age 49.[9][11]

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Alexander Hamilton, (sculpture)". Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian American Art Museum.
  2. ^ a b c d "Treasury's Hamilton Bust". U.S. Department of the Treasury.
  3. ^ Dearinger, David Bernard (2004). "Giuseppe Ceracchi". Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design: 1826–1925. Hudson Hills Press. pp. 90–91. ISBN 1-55595-029-9.
  4. ^ Hamilton, Alexander (July 25, 1795). "From Alexander Hamilton to Robert Troup, 25 July 1795". National Archives. note 6.
  5. ^ a b "Property from the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations". Sotheby's. November 30, 2005. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016.
  6. ^ Sizer, Theodore (1967). "Alexander Hamilton: Ceracchi Type". The Works of Colonel John Trumbull, Artist of the American Revolution. with the assistance of Caroline Rollins (Revised ed.). Yale University Press. pp. 37–8. ISBN 9780608112749.
  7. ^ "Alexander Hamilton, (Replica) (painting)". Inventory of American Sculpture, Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian American Art Museum.
  8. ^ "30-cent Hamilton". National Postal Museum.
  9. ^ a b "The Hamilton Statue. Its Unveiling To-day – The Bust After Which It Was Modeled". The New York Times. November 22, 1880.
  10. ^ "Hamilton Comes to Life (and Death) On-screen". National Park Service.
  11. ^ Roscoe, Ingrid; Hardy, Emma; Sullivan, M.G. "Giuseppe Ceracchi". Online Database of the Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain 1660–1851.[permanent dead link‍]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bust of Alexander Hamilton by Giuseppe Ceracchi.
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