Amami Guntō National Park: Difference between revisions

Amami Guntō National Park
Amami Guntō National Park
奄美群島国立公園
IUCN category II (national park)
	Mangrove forest in Amami Guntō National Park
	Location of Amami Guntō National Park
Location	Japan Amami Islands, Kagoshima;
Nearest city	Amami
Coordinates	27°46′48″N 128°54′54″E / 27.78°N 128.915°E
Area	75,263 ha (185,980 acres) (land: 42,181 ha, water: 33,082 ha)
Established	March 7, 2017
Governing body	Ministry of the Environment (Japan)

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Amami Guntō National Park (奄美群島国立公園, Amami Guntō Kokuritsu Kōen) is a national park in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Established in 2017, the park comprises a land area of 42,181 ha (104,230 acres) and a sea area of 33,082 ha (81,750 acres). The national park includes areas of these islands: Tokunoshima, Kikai, Amami, Yoron, Okinoerabujima, Uke Island, Kakeromajima and Yoroshima.

History

On 15 February 1974 the Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park was founded on Amami Ōshima.^[1] On 7 March 2017 the Amami Guntō National Park was established and it subsumed the former Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park. The Amami Guntō National Park includes parts of the municipalities of Amagi, Amami, China, Isen, Kikai, Setouchi, Tatsugō, Tokunoshima, Uken, Wadomari, Yamato, and Yoron.

The designation of the new National Park, alongside that of Yanbaru National Park, is part of the movement to have Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, the northern part of Okinawa Island and Iriomote Island inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

The Amami Wildlife Center is managed by Japan's Ministry of the Environment to protect and preserve the natural ecosystem of the Amami Islands.

Geography

Total designated area is 75,263 ha (185,980 acres) (land: 42,181 ha, water: 33,082 ha). It is a World Heritage Site candidate. The national park consists of areas from these islands: Tokunoshima, Kikai, Amami, Yoron, Okinoerabujima, Uke Island, Kakeromajima and Yoroshima.

Flora and fauna

This national park features coral reefs, mangrove forests and tidal flats. A unique ecosystem has developed with endemic species such as the Amami rabbit, Ryukyu spiny rat, birds: Amami's jay, Ryukyu robin. There are also snakes such as Habu and amphibians such as: Ishikawa's frog, Japanese warty newt and the Ryūkyū scops owl.

Amami Ōshima, Kakeromajima

Yuwandake is covered with subtropical hardwood forests such as Castanopsis sieboldii and Neolitsea aciculata and it has valuable vegetation. There are coral reefs, mangrove forests at the mouth of the Katsushi River and underwater scenery.

Kikaijima

Noticeable coastal terraces are distributed on the islands. Hyakunodai Park is a plateau where coral reefs have developed.

Tokunoshima

This is a limestone island with a Karst topography. There is a natural Sea cave created by erosion. Mt. Inokawa is known as a treasure of endemic plants including ferns.

Okinoerabujima

There are large-scale caves such as the Shoryu Cavern and a water tunnel. Sea cliffs developed in the area of Minamata and Kunigamizaki.

Yoronjima

The entire coast is designated as part of the national park except for the area around Yoron Airport. Coral reefs surround the island.

Gallery

View of Katetsu Bay from nearby Manenzaki lookout point in Amami Ōshima.
Coastal area of Amami Ōshima
Kinsakubaru wildwood in Amami Ōshima
View from Tokunoshima
A beach on Okinoerabujima

References

^ "List of National Parks". Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
^ 奄美群島国立公園について [About Amami Guntō National Park] (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 15 May 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
^ 奄美群島国立公園（仮称）の指定及び公園計画の決定等に関する意見の募集について [Consultation about the Establishment of Amami Guntō National Park] (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment. 6 October 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
^ "Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, the northern part of Okinawa Island and Iriomote Island". UNESCO. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
^ "Amami Islands eyed as 34th national park". The Japan Times. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

External links

(in English) Amamigunto National Park - National Parks of Japan
(in Japanese) Amamigunto National Park - National Parks of Japan
(in Japanese) Map of Amami Guntō National Park Archived 2017-05-16 at the Wayback Machine

[1] "List of National Parks". Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 10 May 2011.

[2] 奄美群島国立公園について [About Amami Guntō National Park] (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 15 May 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

[3] 奄美群島国立公園（仮称）の指定及び公園計画の決定等に関する意見の募集について [Consultation about the Establishment of Amami Guntō National Park] (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment. 6 October 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2011.

[4] "Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, the northern part of Okinawa Island and Iriomote Island". UNESCO. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

[5] "Amami Islands eyed as 34th national park". The Japan Times. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

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[2]

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[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Japanese national park}}
 {{Infobox Protected area
 | name = Amami Guntō National Park
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 | coords = {{coord|27.78|N|128.915|E|format=dms|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
 | area = {{Convert|75,263|ha|abbr=on}} (land: 42,181 ha, water: 33,082 ha)
-| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7|frame-lat=27.756|frame-long=129.273}}
+| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8|frame-lat=28.064|frame-long=129.263}}
 | map_caption = Location of Amami Guntō National Park
 | established = {{start date|2017|3|7}}
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 {{nihongo|'''Amami Guntō National Park'''|奄美群島国立公園|Amami Guntō Kokuritsu Kōen}} is a [[national park]] in [[Kagoshima Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. Established in 2017, the park comprises a land area of {{Convert|42181|ha|abbr=on}} and
+a sea area of {{Convert|33082|ha|abbr=on}}. The national park includes areas of these islands: [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]], [[Okinoerabujima]], [[Uke Island]], [[Kakeromajima]] and [[Yoroshima]].
-a sea area of {{Convert|33082|ha|abbr=on}} in the [[Municipalities of Japan|municipalities]] of [[Amagi, Kagoshima|Amagi]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[China, Kagoshima|China]], [[Isen, Kagoshima|Isen]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Setouchi, Kagoshima|Setouchi]], [[Tatsugō, Kagoshima|Tatsugō]], [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Uken, Kagoshima|Uken]], [[Wadomari, Kagoshima|Wadomari]], [[Yamato, Kagoshima|Yamato]], and [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]]. The designation of the new National Park, alongside that of [[Yanbaru National Park]], is part of the movement to have [[Amami Ōshima|Amami-Oshima Island]], [[Tokunoshima|Tokunoshima Island]], [[Yanbaru|the northern part of Okinawa Island]] and [[Iriomote-jima|Iriomote Island]] inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage List]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto.html |script-title=ja:奄美群島国立公園について |trans-title=About Amami Guntō National Park |language=Japanese |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |date=7 March 2017 |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/press/103074.html |script-title=ja:奄美群島国立公園（仮称）の指定及び公園計画の決定等に関する意見の募集について |trans-title=Consultation about the Establishment of Amami Guntō National Park |language=Japanese |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |date=6 October 2016 |accessdate=11 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6160/ |title=Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, the northern part of Okinawa Island and Iriomote Island |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/09/15/national/wild-forest-area-northern-okinawa-designated-33rd-national-park/#.V_kolDKZNBw |title=Amami Islands eyed as 34th national park |work=[[The Japan Times]] |date=4 October 2016 |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref>
 == History ==
+[[File:01SUB_9707.jpg|thumb|260px|Amami Wildlife Center]]
-On 15 February 1974 the Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park was founded on [[Amami Ōshima]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/npr/ncj/parks_list.html |title=List of National Parks |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> On 7 March 2017 the Amami Guntō National Park was established and it absorbed the former Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park. The Amami Guntō National Park also includes land and sea areas of the [[Municipalities of Japan|municipalities]] of [[Amagi, Kagoshima|Amagi]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[China, Kagoshima|China]], [[Isen, Kagoshima|Isen]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Setouchi, Kagoshima|Setouchi]], [[Tatsugō, Kagoshima|Tatsugō]], [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Uken, Kagoshima|Uken]], [[Wadomari, Kagoshima|Wadomari]], [[Yamato, Kagoshima|Yamato]], and [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]].
+On 15 February 1974 the Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park was founded on [[Amami Ōshima]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/npr/ncj/parks_list.html |title=List of National Parks |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> On 7 March 2017 the Amami Guntō National Park was established and it subsumed the former Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park. The Amami Guntō National Park includes parts of the [[Municipalities of Japan|municipalities]] of [[Amagi, Kagoshima|Amagi]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[China, Kagoshima|China]], [[Isen, Kagoshima|Isen]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Setouchi, Kagoshima|Setouchi]], [[Tatsugō, Kagoshima|Tatsugō]], [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Uken, Kagoshima|Uken]], [[Wadomari, Kagoshima|Wadomari]], [[Yamato, Kagoshima|Yamato]], and [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]].
+The designation of the new National Park, alongside that of [[Yanbaru National Park]], is part of the movement to have [[Amami Ōshima|Amami-Oshima Island]], [[Tokunoshima|Tokunoshima Island]], [[Yanbaru|the northern part of Okinawa Island]] and [[Iriomote-jima|Iriomote Island]] inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage List]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto.html |script-title=ja:奄美群島国立公園について |trans-title=About Amami Guntō National Park |language=Japanese |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |date=7 March 2017 |accessdate=11 March 2017 |archive-date=15 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515234727/http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/press/103074.html |script-title=ja:奄美群島国立公園（仮称）の指定及び公園計画の決定等に関する意見の募集について |trans-title=Consultation about the Establishment of Amami Guntō National Park |language=Japanese |publisher=[[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |date=6 October 2016 |accessdate=11 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6160/ |title=Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, the northern part of Okinawa Island and Iriomote Island |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/09/15/national/wild-forest-area-northern-okinawa-designated-33rd-national-park/#.V_kolDKZNBw |title=Amami Islands eyed as 34th national park |work=[[The Japan Times]] |date=4 October 2016 |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref>
+The Amami Wildlife Center is managed by Japan's [[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] to protect and preserve the natural ecosystem of the [[Amami Islands]].
 ==Geography==
 [[File:Map of Amami Gunto National Park.svg|thumb|260px|Area map of Amami Guntō National Park. Clockwise from the upper left, [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]], [[Okinoerabujima]]. {{legend|#00FF00|Land area}}{{legend|#0000FF|Sea area}}]]
-Total designated area is {{Convert|75,263|ha|abbr=on}} (land: 42,181 ha, water: 33,082 ha). It is a [[World Heritage Site]] candidate. The national park constists of areas from these islands: [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]], [[Okinoerabujima]], [[Uke Island]], [[Kakeromajima]] and [[Yoroshima]].
+Total designated area is {{Convert|75,263|ha|abbr=on}} (land: 42,181 ha, water: 33,082 ha). It is a [[World Heritage Site]] candidate. The national park consists of areas from these islands: [[Tokunoshima, Kagoshima|Tokunoshima]], [[Kikai, Kagoshima|Kikai]], [[Amami, Kagoshima|Amami]], [[Yoron, Kagoshima|Yoron]], [[Okinoerabujima]], [[Uke Island]], [[Kakeromajima]] and [[Yoroshima]].
-==Flora and Fauna==
+==Flora and fauna==
-This national peak features [[coral reef|coral reefs]], [[mangrove]] forests and [[Mudflat|tidal flats]]. A unique ecosystem has developed with [[endemism|endemic]] species such as the [[Amami rabbit]], [[Ryukyu spiny rat]], birds: [[Lidth's jay|Amami's jay]], [[Ryukyu robin]]. There are also snakes such as [[Habu]] and reptiles such as: [[Ishikawa's frog]], [[Anderson's crocodile newt|Japanese warty new]] and the [[Ryūkyū scops owl]].
+This national park features [[coral reef]]s, [[mangrove]] forests and [[Mudflat|tidal flats]]. A unique ecosystem has developed with [[endemism|endemic]] species such as the [[Amami rabbit]], [[Ryukyu spiny rat]], birds: [[Lidth's jay|Amami's jay]], [[Ryukyu robin]]. There are also snakes such as [[Habu]] and amphibians such as: [[Ishikawa's frog]], [[Anderson's crocodile newt|Japanese warty newt]] and the [[Ryūkyū scops owl]].
 ===[[Amami Ōshima]], [[Kakeromajima]]===
-Yuwandake is covered with subtropical hardwood forests such as [[Castanopsis sieboldii]] and [[Neolitsea aciculata]] and it has valuable vegetation. There are coral reefs, mangrove forests at the mouth of the Katsushi River and underwater scenery.
+Yuwandake is covered with subtropical hardwood forests such as ''[[Castanopsis sieboldii]]'' and ''[[Neolitsea aciculata]]'' and it has valuable vegetation. There are coral reefs, mangrove forests at the mouth of the Katsushi River and underwater scenery.
 ===[[Kikaijima]]===
@@ Line 44: / Line 51: @@
 ===[[Okinoerabujima]]===
 There are large-scale caves such as the Shoryu Cavern and a water tunnel. Sea cliffs developed in the area of Minamata and Kunigamizaki.
 ===[[Yoronjima]]===
-The entire coast is designated as part of the national park except for the area around Yoron Airport. [[Coral reef|Coral reefs]] surround the island.
+The entire coast is designated as part of the national park except for the area around Yoron Airport. [[Coral reef]]s surround the island.
 ==Gallery==
 <gallery>
 File:View_of_Katetsu_cove_from_nearby_Manen-zaki.jpg|View of Katetsu Bay from nearby Manenzaki lookout point in [[Amami Ōshima]].
+File:Amami_beach.jpg|Coastal area of [[Amami Ōshima]]
+File:Kinsakubaru_wildwood.jpg|Kinsakubaru wildwood in [[Amami Ōshima]]
+File:Mushiroze.JPG|View from [[Tokunoshima]]
+File:Yakomo_beach.jpg|A beach on [[Okinoerabujima]]
 </gallery>
@@ Line 64: / Line 75: @@
 ==External links==
-* {{ja icon}} [http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto/mat18.pdf Map of Amami Guntō National Park]
+* {{in lang|en}} [https://www.japan.travel/national-parks/parks/amamigunto/ Amamigunto National Park] - National Parks of Japan
+* {{in lang|ja}} [https://www.env.go.jp/park/amami/ Amamigunto National Park] - National Parks of Japan
+* {{in lang|ja}} [http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto/mat18.pdf Map of Amami Guntō National Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516053317/http://www.env.go.jp/nature/np/amamigunto/mat18.pdf |date=2017-05-16 }}
 {{National parks of Japan}}
+{{authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Amami Gunto National Park}}

v t e National parks of Japan
National Parks	Akan Amami Guntō Ashizuri-Uwakai Aso-Kujū Bandai-Asahi Chichibu-Tama-Kai Chūbu-Sangaku Daisen-Oki Daisetsuzan Fuji-Hakone-Izu Hakusan Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi Iriomote-Ishigaki Ise-Shima Jōshinetsu Kōgen Kerama Shotō Kirishima-Kinkowan Kushiro Shitsugen Minami Alps Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan Nikkō Ogasawara Oze Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu Saikai Sanin Kaigan Sanriku Fukkō Setonaikai Shikotsu-Tōya Shiretoko Towada-Hachimantai Unzen-Amakusa Yambaru Yakushima Yoshino-Kumano
Quasi-National Parks	Abashiri Aichi Kōgen Akiyoshidai Biwako Chōkai Echigo Sanzan-Tadami Echizen-Kaga Kaigan Genkai Hayachine Hiba-Dōgo-Taishaku Hida-Kisogawa Hyōnosen-Ushiroyama-Nagisan Ibi-Sekigahara-Yōrō Iki-Tsushima Ishizuchi Kita Nagato Kitakyūshū Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Kōya-Ryūjin Kurikoma Kyoto Tamba Kōgen Kyūshū Chūō Sanchi Meiji no Mori Minō Meiji no Mori Takao Mikawa Wan Minami Bōsō Minami Sanriku Kinkasan Murō-Akame-Aoyama Muroto-Anan Kaigan Myōgi-Arafune-Saku Kōgen Nichinan Kaigan Nippō Kaigan Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru Kaigan Nishi-Chūgoku Sanchi Noto Hantō Oga Okinawa Kaigan Okinawa Senseki Ōnuma Sado-Yahiko-Yoneyama Shimokita Hantō Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri Sobo Katamuki Suigō-Tsukuba Suzuka Tango-Amanohashidate-Ōeyama Tanzawa-Ōyama Tenryū-Okumikawa Tsugaru Tsurugisan Wakasa Wan Yaba-Hita-Hikosan Yamato-Aogaki Yatsugatake-Chūshin Kōgen Zaō