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Coordinates: 43°41′3.1″N 88°32′53.9″W / 43.684194°N 88.548306°W / 43.684194; -88.548306
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Oakfield, Wisconsin
|official_name = Oakfield, Wisconsin
|settlement_type = [[Village]]
|settlement_type = [[Village]]
|nickname =
|nickname =
|motto =
|motto =


<!-- Images -->
<!-- Images -->
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|image_caption =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
|image_seal =


<!-- Maps -->
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|image_map1 =
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|map_caption1 =


<!-- Location -->
<!-- Location -->
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|leader_name1 =
|leader_name1 =
|established_title =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|established_date =


<!-- Area -->
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref = Imperial
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2016">{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_55.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Mar 28, 2019}}</ref>
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_55.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
|area_magnitude =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 2.56
|area_total_km2 = 2.56
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<!-- Population -->
<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>
|population_est = 1070
|pop_est_as_of = 2017
|population_total = 1052
|population_density_km2 = 427.43
|population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/>
|population_density_sq_mi = 1106.82
|population_total = 1075
|population_density_km2 = 420.36
|population_density_sq_mi = 1088.50


<!-- General information -->
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|timezone_DST = CDT
|timezone_DST = CDT
|utc_offset_DST = -5
|utc_offset_DST = -5
|elevation_footnotes = <ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
|elevation_footnotes = <ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
|elevation_m = 262
|elevation_m = 262
|elevation_ft = 860
|elevation_ft = 860
|coordinates = {{coord|43|40|39|N|88|34|57|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|43|41|3.1|N|88|32|53.9|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|postal_code =
|area_code = [[Area code 920|920]]
|area_code = [[Area code 920|920]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 55-58925<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov |archivedate=September 11, 2013 }}</ref>
|blank_info = 55-58925<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 1583839<ref name="GR3" />
|blank1_info = 1570697<ref name="GR3" />
|website = {{URL|villageofoakfield.com}}
|website = {{URL|villageofoakfield.com}}
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2017"/>
}}
}}
'''Oakfield''' is a village in [[Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin|Fond du Lac County]], [[Wisconsin]], [[United States]]. The population was 1,075 at the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]]. The village is located within the [[Oakfield (town), Wisconsin|Town of Oakfield]].
'''Oakfield''' is a village in [[Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin|Fond du Lac County]], [[Wisconsin]], [[United States]]. The population was 1,052 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]]. The village is located within the [[Oakfield (town), Wisconsin|Town of Oakfield]].


==History==
==History==
A post office called Oakfield has been in operation since 1850.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=WI&county=Fond+du+Lac&searchtext=&pagenum=3 | title=Fond du Lac County | publisher=Jim Forte Postal History | accessdate=1 March 2015}}</ref> The village was named for a grove of oak trees near the original town site.<ref>{{cite book|author=Chicago and North Western Railway Company|title=A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OspBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA109|year=1908|page=109}}</ref>
A post office called Oakfield has been in operation since 1850.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=WI&county=Fond+du+Lac&searchtext=&pagenum=3 | title=Fond du Lac County | publisher=Jim Forte Postal History | access-date=March 1, 2015}}</ref> The village was named for a grove of oak trees near the original town site.<ref>{{cite book|author=Chicago and North Western Railway Company|title=A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OspBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA109|year=1908|page=109}}</ref>


On July 18, 1996, an F5 tornado known as the [[Oakfield Tornado]] ripped through the village.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dougherty|first=Terri|title=Anatomy of a Tornado|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G1U5qQ_A6NsC&pg=PT20|date=1 January 2011|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-1-4296-6281-9|page=20}}</ref>
On July 18, 1996, [[Oakfield Tornado|an F5 tornado]] ripped through the village, destroying 47 homes but killing no one.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dougherty|first=Terri|title=Anatomy of a Tornado|url=https://archive.org/details/anatomyoftornado0000doug|url-access=registration|date=January 1, 2011|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-1-4296-6281-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/anatomyoftornado0000doug/page/20 20]}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Oakfield is located at {{coord|43|41|3|N|88|32|54|W|type:city}} (43.684167, -88.548551).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>
Oakfield is located at {{coord|43|41|3|N|88|32|54|W|type:city}} (43.684167, -88.548551).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>


According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|0.98|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-11-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|0.98|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 18, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>


[[File:Oakfield Tornado 71896.jpg|thumb|The Oakfield, Wisconsin tornado]]
[[File:Oakfield Tornado 71896.jpg|thumb|The Oakfield, Wisconsin tornado]]
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|2000= 1012
|2000= 1012
|2010= 1075
|2010= 1075
|2020= 1052
|estyear=2017
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
|estimate=1070
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=March 24, 2018}}</ref>
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426102944/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=April 26, 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}

===2020 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name=www.census.gov>{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 9, 2024}}</ref>
of 2020, there were 1052 people, 507 households, and 219 families living in the village. The [[population density]]
was {{convert|1062.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 434 housing units at an average density of {{convert|438.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}.
The racial makeup of the village was 93.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]],
0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]],
1.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.2% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 4.3% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]]
or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.1% of the population.


===2010 census===
===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,075 people, 392 households, and 307 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1096.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 415 housing units at an average density of {{convert|423.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the village was 96.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population.
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 18, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,075 people, 392 households, and 307 families living in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1096.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 415 housing units at an average density of {{convert|423.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the village was 96.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population.


There were 392 households of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.7% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.13.
There were 392 households, of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.7% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.13.


The median age in the village was 40.3 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.7% were from 45 to 64; and 12.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.
The median age in the village was 40.3 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.7% were from 45 to 64; and 12.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.


===2000 census===
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov |archivedate=September 11, 2013 }}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,012 people, 370 households, and 283 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] was 1,049.9 people per square mile (407.0/km²). There were 384 housing units at an average density of 398.4 per square mile (154.4/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 98.42% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.10% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.30% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.30% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.59% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.30% from two or more races. 2.87% of the population were [[Hispanic]] or [[Latino]] of any race.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,012 people, 370 households, and 283 families living in the village. The [[population density]] was 1,049.9 people per square mile (407.0/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 384 housing units at an average density of 398.4 per square mile (154.4/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the village was 98.42% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.10% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.30% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.30% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.59% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.30% from two or more races. 2.87% of the population were [[Hispanic]] or [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] of any race.


There were 370 households out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.15.
There were 370 households, out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.15.


In the village, the population was spread out with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.


The median income for a household in the village was $51,053, and the median income for a family was $56,154. Males had a median income of $37,833 versus $24,625 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $21,131. About 1.1% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including none of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.
The median income for a household in the village was $51,053, and the median income for a family was $56,154. Males had a median income of $37,833 versus $24,625 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $21,131. About 1.1% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including none of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.
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* [http://www.villageofoakfield.com Village of Oakfield]
* [http://www.villageofoakfield.com Village of Oakfield]
{{Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin}}
{{Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Villages in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Villages in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 10 July 2024

Oakfield, Wisconsin
Location of Oakfield in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin.
Location of Oakfield in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin.
Coordinates: 43°41′3.1″N 88°32′53.9″W / 43.684194°N 88.548306°W / 43.684194; -88.548306
Country United States
State Wisconsin
County Fond du Lac
Area
 • Total
0.99 sq mi (2.56 km2)
 • Land0.98 sq mi (2.55 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.01 km2)
Elevation860 ft (262 m)
Population
 • Total
1,052
 • Density1,106.82/sq mi (427.43/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
Area code920
FIPS code55-58925[4]
GNIS feature ID1570697[2]
Websitevillageofoakfield.com

Oakfield is a village in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,052 at the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Oakfield.

History

[edit]

A post office called Oakfield has been in operation since 1850.[6] The village was named for a grove of oak trees near the original town site.[7]

On July 18, 1996, an F5 tornado ripped through the village, destroying 47 homes but killing no one.[8]

Geography

[edit]

Oakfield is located at 43°41′3″N 88°32′54″W / 43.68417°N 88.54833°W / 43.68417; -88.54833 (43.684167, -88.548551).[9]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.98 square miles (2.54 km2), all of it land.[10]

The Oakfield, Wisconsin tornado

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1880315
1910522
19205566.5%
19305773.8%
194065513.5%
19506976.4%
196077210.8%
197091818.9%
19809907.8%
19901,0031.3%
20001,0120.9%
20101,0756.2%
20201,052−2.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]

2020 census

[edit]

As of the census[12] of 2020, there were 1052 people, 507 households, and 219 families living in the village. The population density was 1,062.6 inhabitants per square mile (410.3/km2). There were 434 housing units at an average density of 438.4 per square mile (169.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 93.8% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.1% of the population.

2010 census

[edit]

As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 1,075 people, 392 households, and 307 families living in the village. The population density was 1,096.9 inhabitants per square mile (423.5/km2). There were 415 housing units at an average density of 423.5 per square mile (163.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.9% White, 0.2% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 392 households, of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 21.7% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.13.

The median age in the village was 40.3 years. 26.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.7% were from 45 to 64; and 12.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 1,012 people, 370 households, and 283 families living in the village. The population density was 1,049.9 people per square mile (407.0/km2). There were 384 housing units at an average density of 398.4 per square mile (154.4/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 98.42% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.59% from other races, and 0.30% from two or more races. 2.87% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 370 households, out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.5% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $51,053, and the median income for a family was $56,154. Males had a median income of $37,833 versus $24,625 for females. The per capita income for the village was $21,131. About 1.1% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  3. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 18, 2012.
  4. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  5. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  6. ^ "Fond du Lac County". Jim Forte Postal History. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  7. ^ Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways. p. 109.
  8. ^ Dougherty, Terri (January 1, 2011). Anatomy of a Tornado. Capstone. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4296-6281-9.
  9. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  10. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2012.
  11. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  12. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 9, 2024.
  13. ^ 'Wisconsin Blue Book 1876,' Biographical Sketch of Edson A. Putnam, pg. 466
  14. ^ 'Wisconsin Blue Book 1899,' Biographical Sketch of Henry A. Ripley, pg. 771
  15. ^ 'Wisconsin Blue Book 1913,' Biographical Sketch of William F. Sommerfield, pg. 661
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