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{{Short description|Cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of other events}} |
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{{Other uses|Domino Effect (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Other uses}} |
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[[Image:Domino 01.jpg|thumb|Domino effect events]] |
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[[Image:Domino effect.jpg|thumb|upright|(Top) Dominoes are standing. (Bottom) Dominoes are in motion.]] |
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[[File:Dominoes falling.jpg|thumb|A falling line of dominoes, each knocking the next over]] |
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A '''domino effect |
A '''domino effect''' is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a series of similar<ref>{{cite web|title=domino effect|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/domino+effect|website=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Farlex, Inc.|access-date=29 September 2014}}</ref> or related events, a form of [[chain reaction]]. The term is an analogy to a [[Domino toppling|falling row of dominoes]]. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively short. The term can be used literally (about a series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (about causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). |
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The literal, mechanical domino effect is exploited in [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s. In chemistry, the principle applies to a [[domino reaction]], in which one chemical reaction sets up the conditions necessary for a subsequent one that soon follows. In the realm of [[process safety]], a [[Domino effect accident|domino-effect accident]] is an initial undesirable event triggering additional ones in related equipment or facilities, leading to a total incident effect more severe than the primary accident alone. |
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== Demonstration of the effect == |
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The domino effect can easily be visualized by placing a row of [[dominoes]] upright, each separated by a small distance. Upon pushing the first domino, the next domino in line will be knocked over, and so on, thus firing a linear chain in which each domino's fall is triggered by the domino immediately preceding it. The effect is the same regardless of the length of the chain. The energy used in this chain reaction is the [[potential energy]] of the dominoes due to them being in a [[meta-stable]] state; when the first domino is toppled, the energy transferred by the fall is greater than the energy needed to knock over the following domino, and so on. |
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The metaphorical usage implies that an outcome is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen) – a form of [[slippery slope]] argument. When this outcome is actually unlikely (the argument is [[Fallacy|fallacious]]), it has also been called the ''[[domino fallacy]]''.<ref name="Damer 1995">{{cite book |last=Damer |first=T. Edward |title=Attacking faulty reasoning: A practical guide to fallacy-free arguments |publisher=[[Wadsworth Publishing]] |location=Belmont, California |date=1995 |isbn=978-0-534-21750-1 |page=135}}</ref> |
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The domino effect is exploited in [[Rube Goldberg machine]]s. |
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==Appearances in media== |
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*''[[Domino Day]]'' – world record attempt for the highest number of toppling domino stones. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Portal|Society}} |
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*[[Domino effect accident]] |
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*[[Ripple effect]] |
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{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}} |
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*[[Rube Goldberg machine]] |
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*[[Ablation cascade]] |
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Relevant physical theory: |
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* {{Annotated link |Causality}} |
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* {{Annotated link |Copycat crime}} |
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*[[Causality]] |
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* {{Annotated link |Domino theory}} |
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*[[Chain reaction]] |
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* {{Annotated link |Kessler syndrome}} |
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* {{Annotated link |Placebo effect}} |
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Mathematical theory |
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* {{Annotated link |Side effect}} |
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* {{Annotated link |Ripple effect}} |
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Political theory |
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{{div col end}} |
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<!-- alphabetical order please [[WP:SEEALSO]] --> |
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Social |
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*[[Copycat crime]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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* |
*{{cite book |title=Impact Mechanics |first=W. J. |last=Stronge |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |date=2004 |isbn=978-0-521-60289-1}} |
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Latest revision as of 18:34, 10 July 2024
A domino effect is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a series of similar[1] or related events, a form of chain reaction. The term is an analogy to a falling row of dominoes. It typically refers to a linked sequence of events where the time between successive events is relatively short. The term can be used literally (about a series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (about causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics).
The literal, mechanical domino effect is exploited in Rube Goldberg machines. In chemistry, the principle applies to a domino reaction, in which one chemical reaction sets up the conditions necessary for a subsequent one that soon follows. In the realm of process safety, a domino-effect accident is an initial undesirable event triggering additional ones in related equipment or facilities, leading to a total incident effect more severe than the primary accident alone.
The metaphorical usage implies that an outcome is inevitable or highly likely (as it has already started to happen) – a form of slippery slope argument. When this outcome is actually unlikely (the argument is fallacious), it has also been called the domino fallacy.[2]
See also
[edit]
- Behavioral contagion – Spontaneous, unsolicited and uncritical imitation of another's behavior
- Butterfly effect – Idea that small causes can have large effects
- Cascading failure – Systemic risk of failure
- Causality – How one process influences another
- Chinese whispers – Children's game
- Copycat crime – Criminal act that is inspired by a previous crime
- Domino theory – Cold War–era geopolitical theory on the spread of communism
- Kessler syndrome – Theoretical satellite collision cascade
- Mathematical induction – Form of mathematical proof
- Placebo effect – Substance or treatment of no therapeutic value
- Side effect – Outcome that is secondary to the one intended
- Ripple effect – Disturbance that propagates through a system
- Snowball effect – Metaphorical term for a process that builds upon itself
References
[edit]- ^ "domino effect". The Free Dictionary. Farlex, Inc. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ^ Damer, T. Edward (1995). Attacking faulty reasoning: A practical guide to fallacy-free arguments. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-534-21750-1.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Domino effect.
Further reading
[edit]- Stronge, W. J. (2004). Impact Mechanics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-60289-1.
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