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{{Short description|American revolutionary heroine (1752–1823)}} |
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{{for|the photographer and Jane Birkin|Kate Barry (photographer)}} |
{{for|the photographer and daughter of Jane Birkin|Kate Barry (photographer)}} |
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[[Image:Walnut grove manor.jpg|thumb|200px|Walnut Grove Manor, Barry's family house]] |
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{{Infobox person |
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'''Catharine Moore Barry''' (1752–1823), later known as "Kate Barry," was a heroine of the [[American Revolutionary War]].She was the daughter of Charles and Mary Moore, and the eldest of ten children. She married Andrew Barry in 1767 at the age of 15 and lived on [[Walnut Grove Plantation]] in [[Roebuck, South Carolina]] during the 18th century. She was instrumental in helping to warn the militia of the coming British before the [[Battle of Cowpens]] in 1781. According to legend, she tied her toddler to the bedpost {{Citation needed|date = April 2008}} while she rode out to warn neighbors that the British were coming. |
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| name = <!-- defaults to article title when left blank --> |
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| birth_name = Margaret Catherine Moore |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1752|11|29}} |
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| birth_place = [[County Antrim]], Ireland{{efn||name="pob"}} |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1823|9|29|1752|11|29}} |
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| nationality = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] --> |
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| other_names = |
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| occupation = |
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| spouse = Andrew Barry |
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| parents = Charles and Mary Moore |
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| children = Eleven children |
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| known_for = Scout and guide during the [[American Revolutionary War]] |
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| notable_works = |
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}} |
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'''Margaret Catherine Moore Berry''' (November 29, 1752 – September 29, 1823) operated as a scout and guide for Brigadier General [[Daniel Morgan]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. Morgan learned that General [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Charles Cornwallis]] was preparing for a battle against the American patriots. With 600 soldiers, the patriots would be outnumbered by 1,000 British and loyalist soldiers. Morgan sent Barry on a mission to assemble more patriot soldiers. She rode through the South Carolina backcountry to rally the militia, recruits, and [[Duke of Cumberland's Regiment|South Carolina Rangers]] that brought the American forces to 1,600 men. She was named "heroine of Cowpens" for significantly increasing the number of soldiers that led to the victory of the [[Battle of Cowpens]] (January 17, 1781). Her husband, Andrew Barry, and her brother, Thomas Moore, served with distinction during the battle. |
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==Personal life== |
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Her warning helped to prepare the colonial forces to defeat the British governor, [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Cornwallis]] and his men and drive them north, out of the state of [[South Carolina]]. She is buried in the family cemetery in [[Moore, South Carolina]], beside her husband, Andrew, who was one of the first elders of the [[Nazareth Presbyterian Church]]. She knew the Indian trails and shortcuts where almost no patriots lived. Barry was a spy and message bearer for the militia when the [[Battle of Cowpens]] was fought on January 17, 1781. |
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[[File:Walnut Grove, Route 1, 1 mile East of intersection of U.S. 221 &, Roebuck (Spartanburg County, South Carolina).jpg|thumb|Walnut Grove Manor, Barry's family house, [[Walnut Grove Plantation]], [[Spartanburg County, South Carolina]]]] |
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Margaret Catherine Moore, born in [[County Antrim]], Ireland, on November 29, 1752,<ref name="Maldonado">{{Cite book |last=Maldonado |first=Juanita Stellato |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xfbMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT128&dq=%2522Margaret+Catherine+Moore+Barry%2522&hl=en |title=1775 - Overlooked Heroines: Women Soldiers, Spies, and Humanitarians in the American Revolutionary War |date=2023-07-11 |publisher=Dorrance Publishing | chapter=Margaret Catherine Moore Barry |isbn=979-8-88925-693-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="SCE">{{Cite web |last=Schoolfield |first=Brenda Thompson |date= July 15, 2022 |title=Barry, Margaret Catherine Moore |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/barry-margaret-catherine-moore/ |access-date=April 29, 2024 |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia | publisher=University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies |language=en-US}}</ref>{{efn|Claghorn states that she was born in [[North Carolina]].<ref name="Claghorn" /> Maldano states that she was born in Ireland, and sources that state that she was born in South Carolina are in error.<ref name="Maldonado" />|name="pob"}}<!---- previous content are sources and a note re: date and place of birth ----> was the eldest child of Charles and Mary Moore. She had nine younger siblings.<ref name="Claghorn">{{Cite book |last=Claghorn |first=Charles Eugene |url=http://archive.org/details/womenpatriotsofa00clag |title=Women patriots of the American Revolution : a biographical dictionary |date=1991 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-2421-8 |location=Metuchen, New Jersey |pages=20}}</ref> The Moores immigrated to the American colonies in 1763,<ref name="Maldonado" /> after which King [[George III]] awarded Charles and Mary a land grant that year.<ref name="Maldonado" /><ref name="WGP" /> Over time, their property grew to the 3,600-acre [[Walnut Grove Plantation]] in [[Spartanburg County, South Carolina]]. Crops were planted and harvested by family members and enslaved laborers. They were slaveholders to a dozen people.<ref name="WGP">{{Cite web |title=Walnut Grove Plantation |url=https://www.spartanburghistory.org/sites/walnut-grove |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=Spartanburg History |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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The Battle of Cowpens (January 17, 1781) was a decisive victory by Continental army forces under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan, in the Southern campaign of the American Revolutionary War. It was a turning point in the reconquest of South Carolina from the British. |
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Catherine, known as Kate, married Andrew Barry (ca. 1744 – 1811) in 1767 at the age of 15, becoming Catherine Moore Barry.<ref name="Claghorn" /> The Barrys, who had eleven children, lived at the Walnut Grove Plantation,<ref name="Maldonado" /><ref name="SCE" /><ref name="Claghorn" /> in the [[History of South Carolina#Back country|Backcountry]] of South Carolina.<ref name="Claghorn" /> |
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Kate Barry was an ancestor of the actress [[Amanda Blake]] (1929-1989), remembered for the role of the red-haired saloon proprietress "Miss Kitty Russell" on the television western ''[[Gunsmoke]]''. Blake placed a cameo-sized portrait of Barry owned by her family in the [[Spartanburg, South Carolina]] local history museum, where it remains on display to this day. |
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The Barrys settled in the [[Colonial period of South Carolina#Frontier settlement|South Carolina frontier]] and were subject to periodic conflicts with [[History of South Carolina#Native people|Native people]] who had lived in the area for centuries. Sometimes families were killed. If there was news of an imminent attack, Barry and an enslaved man at her plantation warned women and children to seek shelter at [[Fort Prince]] or Fort Nicholas,<ref name="Maldonado" /> or Nichol's Fort.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Howe |first=George |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uj9fAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA435 |title=History of the Presbyterian Church in South Carolina | volume=1 |date=1870 |page=435 |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Revolutionary war== |
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During the [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]], she guided [[Patriot (American Revolution)|patriot]] soldiers through the [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont area]] of [[South Carolina]].<ref name="Claghorn" /> She knew backcountry trails and shortcuts. <ref name="Hatchell">{{Cite news |last=Hatchell |first=Teresa M. |date=1999-02-24 |title=Fort Motte woman, other South Carolinians, among stars of new book |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times-and-democrat-fort-motte-woman/146333369/ |access-date=2024-04-30 |work=The Times and Democrat |pages=21}}</ref> |
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[[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Charles Cornwallis]] prepared for a battle of his 1,100 British soldiers to fight against the American patriots with just 600 soldiers.<ref name="Hatchell" /> Brigadier General [[Daniel Morgan]] kept ahead of the British and loyalist soldiers while Barry mustered more men for the fight.<ref name="Hatchell" /> Barry, a scout for Morgan, was sent to assemble men for the militia<ref name="SCE" /> and soldiers who had fought and lost at the [[Battle of Camden|Battles of Camden]] (August 16, 1780) and [[Battle of Waxhaws|Waxhaws]] (May 29, 1780) in preparation for the [[Battle of Cowpens]] (January 17, 1781).<ref name="SCE" /><ref name="Claghorn" /><ref name="Hatchell" /> She brought the [[Duke of Cumberland's Regiment|South Carolina Rangers]] to Morgan, which helped ensure victory.<ref name="Alt" /> |
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Barry rode horseback to sound the alarm of the coming battle to her neighbors.<ref name="Claghorn" /> |
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By the day of the battle, Barry increased the ranks from 600 to 1,600 patriot soldiers.<ref name="Hatchell" /> She was instrumental in warning the militia of the coming British before the battle. The Battle of Cowpens was a decisive victory for General Morgan.<ref name="SCE" /><ref name="Alt" /> She was given the name "heroine of Cowpens" for her dangerous mission.<ref name="Alt">{{Cite book |last=Alt |first=Betty Sowers |url=http://archive.org/details/campfollowinghis0000altb |title=Campfollowing : a history of the military wife |date=1991 |publisher=Praeger |isbn=978-0-275-93721-8 |location=New York |page=17}}</ref><ref name="DAR">{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2gERAQAAMAAJ |title=Daughters of the American Revolution Lineage book |date=1892 |publisher=Daughters of the American Revolution Society |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=320}}</ref> Her husband Andrew, captain of the South Carolina Partisan Rangers, and her brother Thomas Moore fought with distinction in the battle.<ref name="DAR" /> Andrew was wounded the previous year at the [[Battle of Musgrove Mill]] (August 19, 1780).<ref name="DAR" /> |
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It was a turning point in the reconquest of South Carolina from the British. Her warning helped to prepare the colonial forces to defeat the British commander, [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Cornwallis]] and his men and drive them north, out of the state of South Carolina. |
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Barry rode from the plantation to warn others about the presence of local [[Tory|Tories]] in the area when they captured her.<ref name="Maldonado" /> They tried to get her to tell them her husband's located. Andrew served under Major Henry White and Colonel [[John Thomas (colonel)|John Thomas, Jr.]] as a captain in the militia. Reportedly, she was tied up to a tree and struck with a lash three times when she would not provide the information.<ref name="Maldonado" /><ref name="SCE" /> |
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==Death and legacy== |
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She died on September 29, 1823, and is buried in Walnut Grove Plantation cemetery<ref name="SCE" /><ref name="hmdb" /> beside her husband, Andrew,<ref name="DAR" /> who was one of the elders of the [[Nazareth Presbyterian Church]].<ref name="Claghorn" /> |
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The Kate Barry chapter of South Carolina of the [[Daughters of the American Revolution]] was established in her name.<ref name="Claghorn" /> A historical marker was installed at the intersection of State Highway 196 and U.S. 221 in [[Moore, South Carolina]], in 1968 by the Battle of Cowpens Chapter, NS Daughters of the American Revolution,<ref name="hmdb" /> which states, |
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{{blockquote|Katy Barry |
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1½ miles SE is Walnut Grove, home of Margaret Catherine Moore Barry (1752–1823). Local tradition says she was known as "Kate Barry" and acted as a scout for the Patriots before the Battle of Cowpens, January 17, 1781. With her parents, and her husband, Captain Andrew Barry, she lies buried in the plantation cemetery.<ref name="hmdb">{{Cite web |title=“Kate Barry” Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=9912 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en}}</ref>}} |
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Barry was called "a prototype of those who fought for the Cause of Liberty" in the poem "Kate Barry's Famous Ride" by H. R. Wilkins.<ref name="Alt" /> |
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== Notes == |
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{{Notelist}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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*Silcox-Garrett, Diane. [http://kirkhneely.com/2007/01/01/kate-berry-and-the-battle-of-cowpens/ ''Heroines of the American Revolution: America’s Founding Mothers.''] Chapel Hill, NC: Green Angel Press, 1998. |
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== Further reading == |
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* Babits, Lawrence Edward. 2001. A devil of a whipping: the Battle of Cowpens. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. |
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* Grundset, Eric, Briana L. Diaz, and Hollis L. Gentry. 2011. America's Women in the Revolutionary Era: A History through Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/78000831 Margaret Barry], Find a Grave |
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*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Barry&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1823&GSdyrel=in&GSst=43&GScntry=4&GSob=n&GRid=78000831&df=all& Margaret Barry at Find a Grave]; note the portrait in the middle is that of Margaret Barry; the portrait on top is that of [[Abigail Adams]], wife of President John Adams |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Barry, Kate}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barry, Kate}} |
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[[Category:1752 births]] |
[[Category:1752 births]] |
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[[Category:1823 deaths]] |
[[Category:1823 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Irish emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies]] |
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[[Category:Women in the American Revolution]] |
[[Category:Women in the American Revolution]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:People from County Antrim]] |
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[[Category:People from colonial South Carolina]] |
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[[Category:People from Spartanburg County, South Carolina]] |
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[[Category:South Carolina militiamen in the American Revolution]] |
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Latest revision as of 04:16, 12 July 2024
Kate Barry | |
|---|---|
| Born | Margaret Catherine Moore November 29, 1752 County Antrim, Ireland[a] |
| Died | September 29, 1823 (aged 70) |
| Known for | Scout and guide during the American Revolutionary War |
| Spouse | Andrew Barry |
| Children | Eleven children |
| Parent(s) | Charles and Mary Moore |
Margaret Catherine Moore Berry (November 29, 1752 – September 29, 1823) operated as a scout and guide for Brigadier General Daniel Morgan during the American Revolutionary War. Morgan learned that General Charles Cornwallis was preparing for a battle against the American patriots. With 600 soldiers, the patriots would be outnumbered by 1,000 British and loyalist soldiers. Morgan sent Barry on a mission to assemble more patriot soldiers. She rode through the South Carolina backcountry to rally the militia, recruits, and South Carolina Rangers that brought the American forces to 1,600 men. She was named "heroine of Cowpens" for significantly increasing the number of soldiers that led to the victory of the Battle of Cowpens (January 17, 1781). Her husband, Andrew Barry, and her brother, Thomas Moore, served with distinction during the battle.
Personal life
[edit].jpg)
Margaret Catherine Moore, born in County Antrim, Ireland, on November 29, 1752,[1][2][a] was the eldest child of Charles and Mary Moore. She had nine younger siblings.[3] The Moores immigrated to the American colonies in 1763,[1] after which King George III awarded Charles and Mary a land grant that year.[1][4] Over time, their property grew to the 3,600-acre Walnut Grove Plantation in Spartanburg County, South Carolina. Crops were planted and harvested by family members and enslaved laborers. They were slaveholders to a dozen people.[4]
Catherine, known as Kate, married Andrew Barry (ca. 1744 – 1811) in 1767 at the age of 15, becoming Catherine Moore Barry.[3] The Barrys, who had eleven children, lived at the Walnut Grove Plantation,[1][2][3] in the Backcountry of South Carolina.[3]
The Barrys settled in the South Carolina frontier and were subject to periodic conflicts with Native people who had lived in the area for centuries. Sometimes families were killed. If there was news of an imminent attack, Barry and an enslaved man at her plantation warned women and children to seek shelter at Fort Prince or Fort Nicholas,[1] or Nichol's Fort.[5]
Revolutionary war
[edit]During the Revolutionary War, she guided patriot soldiers through the Piedmont area of South Carolina.[3] She knew backcountry trails and shortcuts. [6]
Charles Cornwallis prepared for a battle of his 1,100 British soldiers to fight against the American patriots with just 600 soldiers.[6] Brigadier General Daniel Morgan kept ahead of the British and loyalist soldiers while Barry mustered more men for the fight.[6] Barry, a scout for Morgan, was sent to assemble men for the militia[2] and soldiers who had fought and lost at the Battles of Camden (August 16, 1780) and Waxhaws (May 29, 1780) in preparation for the Battle of Cowpens (January 17, 1781).[2][3][6] She brought the South Carolina Rangers to Morgan, which helped ensure victory.[7] Barry rode horseback to sound the alarm of the coming battle to her neighbors.[3]
By the day of the battle, Barry increased the ranks from 600 to 1,600 patriot soldiers.[6] She was instrumental in warning the militia of the coming British before the battle. The Battle of Cowpens was a decisive victory for General Morgan.[2][7] She was given the name "heroine of Cowpens" for her dangerous mission.[7][8] Her husband Andrew, captain of the South Carolina Partisan Rangers, and her brother Thomas Moore fought with distinction in the battle.[8] Andrew was wounded the previous year at the Battle of Musgrove Mill (August 19, 1780).[8]
It was a turning point in the reconquest of South Carolina from the British. Her warning helped to prepare the colonial forces to defeat the British commander, Cornwallis and his men and drive them north, out of the state of South Carolina.
Barry rode from the plantation to warn others about the presence of local Tories in the area when they captured her.[1] They tried to get her to tell them her husband's located. Andrew served under Major Henry White and Colonel John Thomas, Jr. as a captain in the militia. Reportedly, she was tied up to a tree and struck with a lash three times when she would not provide the information.[1][2]
Death and legacy
[edit]She died on September 29, 1823, and is buried in Walnut Grove Plantation cemetery[2][9] beside her husband, Andrew,[8] who was one of the elders of the Nazareth Presbyterian Church.[3]
The Kate Barry chapter of South Carolina of the Daughters of the American Revolution was established in her name.[3] A historical marker was installed at the intersection of State Highway 196 and U.S. 221 in Moore, South Carolina, in 1968 by the Battle of Cowpens Chapter, NS Daughters of the American Revolution,[9] which states,
Katy Barry 1½ miles SE is Walnut Grove, home of Margaret Catherine Moore Barry (1752–1823). Local tradition says she was known as "Kate Barry" and acted as a scout for the Patriots before the Battle of Cowpens, January 17, 1781. With her parents, and her husband, Captain Andrew Barry, she lies buried in the plantation cemetery.[9]
Barry was called "a prototype of those who fought for the Cause of Liberty" in the poem "Kate Barry's Famous Ride" by H. R. Wilkins.[7]
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Claghorn states that she was born in North Carolina.[3] Maldano states that she was born in Ireland, and sources that state that she was born in South Carolina are in error.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Maldonado, Juanita Stellato (2023-07-11). "Margaret Catherine Moore Barry". 1775 - Overlooked Heroines: Women Soldiers, Spies, and Humanitarians in the American Revolutionary War. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 979-8-88925-693-9.
- ^ a b c d e f g Schoolfield, Brenda Thompson (July 15, 2022). "Barry, Margaret Catherine Moore". South Carolina Encyclopedia. University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Claghorn, Charles Eugene (1991). Women patriots of the American Revolution : a biographical dictionary. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-8108-2421-8.
- ^ a b "Walnut Grove Plantation". Spartanburg History. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
- ^ Howe, George (1870). History of the Presbyterian Church in South Carolina. Vol. 1. p. 435.
- ^ a b c d e Hatchell, Teresa M. (1999-02-24). "Fort Motte woman, other South Carolinians, among stars of new book". The Times and Democrat. p. 21. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
- ^ a b c d Alt, Betty Sowers (1991). Campfollowing : a history of the military wife. New York: Praeger. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-275-93721-8.
- ^ a b c d Daughters of the American Revolution Lineage book. Washington, D.C.: Daughters of the American Revolution Society. 1892. p. 320.
- ^ a b c ""Kate Barry" Historical Marker". www.hmdb.org. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
Further reading
[edit]- Babits, Lawrence Edward. 2001. A devil of a whipping: the Battle of Cowpens. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- Grundset, Eric, Briana L. Diaz, and Hollis L. Gentry. 2011. America's Women in the Revolutionary Era: A History through Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution.
External links
[edit]- Margaret Barry, Find a Grave