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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2011}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2011}}
{{Infobox power station
{{Infobox power station
|name = Macarthur Wind Farm
| name = Macarthur Wind Farm
|image =
| image =
|location_map = Australia
| country = Australia
|country = [[Australia]]
| location = [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]
| image_caption =
|location = [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| coordinates = {{coord|-38.049005|142.1905876|region:AU_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
|lat_d = 38|lat_m = 2|lat_s = 24|lat_NS = S
| cost = A$1b
|long_d = 142|long_m = 1|long_s = 30|long_EW = E
| owner = [[Morrison & Co]] / [[Malakoff (power company)|Malakoff]]
|coordinates_type = region:AU_type:landmark
| operator = [[AGL Energy]]
|coordinates_display = title
| employees =
|owner = [[AGL Energy|AGL]] / [[Malakoff (power company)|Malakoff]]
|status = Operational<ref name="AGL">{{cite web| url=http://www.agl.com.au/macarthur| title=Macarthur Wind Farm| publisher=AGL}}</ref>
| status = Operational<ref name="AGL">{{cite web| url=http://www.agl.com.au/macarthur| title=Macarthur Wind Farm| publisher=[[AGL Energy]]}}</ref>
| construction_began =
|commissioned = Jan 2013
| commissioned = January 2013
| ps_units_operational = 140
| ps_units_operational = 140
| ps_units_manu_model = Vestas: V112-3.0MW
| ps_units_manu_model = Vestas V112-3.0MW
| wind_hub_height = 85m
| wind_hub_height = 85 metres
| wind_rotor_diameter = 112m
| wind_rotor_diameter = 112 metres
| wind_rated_speed =
| wind_farm_type =
| wind_rated_speed =
| wind_farm_type = Onshore
| wind_site_elevation = 165m
| ps_site_elevation = 165 metres
| wind_site_usage = Grazing
| wind_site_area =
| wind_offshore_depth =
| wind_offshore_distance =
| ps_electrical_capacity = 420 MW<ref name="AGL" />
| ps_electrical_capacity = 420 MW<ref name="AGL" />
| ps_electrical_cap_fac = 34%
| ps_electrical_cap_fac = 24.50% <small>(average 2013-2023)</small>
| ps_annual_generation = 901.2 GWh <small>(average 2013-2023)</small>
| website = https://www.agl.com.au/about-agl/how-we-source-energy/renewable-energy/macarthur-wind-farm
| website = {{URL|https://www.agl.com.au/about-agl/how-we-source-energy/renewable-energy/macarthur-wind-farm}}
}}
}}


The '''Macarthur Wind Farm''' is a [[wind farm]] located in [[Macarthur, Victoria]], [[Australia]], near [[Hamilton, Victoria|Hamilton]], 260km west of Melbourne. It is on a 5,500 ha site which has an installed capacity of 420 [[megawatt]]s (MW).<ref name="SMH">{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/agl-venture-plans-1b-wind-farm-20100812-121gi.html|title=AGL venture plans $1b wind farm|date=13 August 2010|publisher=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.standard.net.au/news/local/news/general/giant-turbine-blades-arrive-for-macarthur-farm/2360755.aspx# |title=Giant turbine blades arrive for Macarthur farm |author=Alexandra Weaver |date=17 Nov 2011 |work=The Standard }}</ref> Based on the prevailing wind speeds at the site, it is estimated that the long-term average generation will be approximately 1,250 GWh per year, operating at a [[capacity factor]] of around 35%. The actual wind speed varies year-to-year, and during FY2015 the farm produced 977.9 GWh.
The '''Macarthur Wind Farm''' is a [[wind farm]] located in [[Macarthur, Victoria]], Australia, near [[Hamilton, Victoria|Hamilton]], 260&nbsp;km west of Melbourne. It is on a 5,500 ha site which has an installed capacity of 420 [[megawatt]]s (MW).<ref name="SMH">{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/agl-venture-plans-1b-wind-farm-20100812-121gi.html|title=AGL venture plans $1b wind farm|date=13 August 2010|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.standard.net.au/news/local/news/general/giant-turbine-blades-arrive-for-macarthur-farm/2360755.aspx# |title=Giant turbine blades arrive for Macarthur farm |author=Alexandra Weaver |date=17 November 2011 |work=The Standard }}</ref> Based on a [[capacity factor]] of around 35%, it is estimated that the long-term average generation will be approximately 1,250 GWh per year. Its actual capacity factor is much lower, with a historical average of 24.50% since 2013.


It is the largest wind farm in the southern hemisphere generating enough power for 220,000 homes and abating 1.7 million tons of [[greenhouse gas]]es annually, at a capacity factor of 35%.<ref>{{cite news| first=Michael| last=Perry| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/23/business/energy-environment/23green.html?_r=1&src=busln| title=Australia Steps Up Renewable Energy Efforts| publisher=The New York Times| date=22 August 2010}}</ref> The wind farm comprises 140 [[Vestas]] V112-3.0MW [[wind turbines]] manufactured in Denmark.<ref name="SMH" />
It is the largest wind farm in the southern hemisphere generating enough power for 220,000 homes and abating 1.7 million tons of [[greenhouse gas]]es annually, at a capacity factor of 35%.<ref>{{cite news| first=Michael| last=Perry| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/23/business/energy-environment/23green.html?_r=1&src=busln| title=Australia Steps Up Renewable Energy Efforts| work=[[New York Times]]| date=22 August 2010}}</ref> The wind farm comprises 140 [[Vestas]] V112-3.0MW [[wind turbines]] manufactured in Denmark.<ref name="SMH" />


The project cost about A$1 billion and was fully operational in January 2013.<ref name="AGL" /> It was constructed by Vestas and [[CIMIC Group#CPB Contractors|Leighton Contractors]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.powergenworldwide.com/index/display/wire-news-display/1242630423.html|title=AGL and New Zealand firm Meridian Energy to set up $1 billion Renewable energy in Victoria|date=16 August 2010|publisher=Power-Gen}}</ref> The first turbines were connected to the grid in September 2012.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.agk.com.au/macarthur/index.php/UpdateOct2012| title=Macarthur Wind Farm Update| date=October 2012| publisher=AGL}}</ref> AGL also invested an additional $27m in the substation, which is completely owned by the company.
The project cost about A$1 billion and was fully operational in January 2013.<ref name="AGL" /> It was constructed by Vestas and [[CIMIC Group|Leighton Contractors]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.powergenworldwide.com/index/display/wire-news-display/1242630423.html|title=AGL and New Zealand firm Meridian Energy to set up $1 billion Renewable energy in Victoria|date=16 August 2010|publisher=Power-Gen}}</ref> The first turbines were connected to the grid in September 2012.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.agk.com.au/macarthur/index.php/UpdateOct2012| title=Macarthur Wind Farm Update| date=October 2012| publisher=AGL| access-date=30 January 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130419204455/http://www.agk.com.au/macarthur/index.php/UpdateOct2012| archive-date=19 April 2013| url-status=dead}}</ref> [[AGL Energy]] also invested an additional $27m in the substation, which is completely owned by the company.


==History==
The project was proposed in 2004 and approved by the Victorian government in October 2006. The project was developed by a joint venture formed by [[AGL Energy]] and [[Meridian Energy]], a New Zealand-based power generating company, with works starting in 2010. In 2013, Meridian sold its 50% share in the wind farm to Malaysian power company [[Malakoff (power company)|Malakoff Corporation Berhad]] for A$650 million.<ref>{{cite press release| url=http://www.meridianenergy.co.nz/about-us/media-centre/media-releases/nzx-announcements/meridian-sells-its-share-in-macarthur-wind-farm/| title=Meridian sells its share in Macarthur wind farm| publisher=Meridian Energy| date=28 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323873904578572572136501826/Article/| title=Malaysia's Malakoff Buys Stake in Australian Wind Farm| date=28 June 2013| publisher=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> In September 2015, AGL Energy sold its 50% stake in the wind farm to H R L Morrison & Co managed funds (Morrison & Co) for $532m. AGL Energy will operate and maintain the wind farm instead of Morrison & Co and Malakoff. It also reserves the rights to all renewable energy certificates and electricity production until 2038.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/macarthur-farm/| title=Macarthur Wind Farm, Australia| date= | publisher=Power-technology.com}}</ref>
The project was proposed in 2004 and approved by the [[Government of Victoria]] in October 2006.

The project was developed by a joint venture formed by [[AGL Energy]] and [[Meridian Energy]], a New Zealand-based power generating company, with works starting in 2010. The project was fully operational in January 2013.<ref name="AGL" />

In 2013, Meridian sold its 50% share in the wind farm to Malaysian power company [[Malakoff (power company)|Malakoff Corporation Berhad]] for A$650 million.<ref>{{cite press release| url=http://www.meridianenergy.co.nz/about-us/media-centre/media-releases/nzx-announcements/meridian-sells-its-share-in-macarthur-wind-farm/| title=Meridian sells its share in Macarthur wind farm| publisher=Meridian Energy| date=28 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323873904578572572136501826/Article/| title=Malaysia's Malakoff Buys Stake in Australian Wind Farm| date=28 June 2013| publisher=[[Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> In September 2015, AGL Energy sold its 50% stake in the wind farm to [[Morrison & Co]] for $532m.<ref>{{cite press release| url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/business-spectator/agl-sells-macarthur-wind-farm-stake/news-story/c83ae928d2b001437f2d6c62d3219072/| title=AGL sells Macarthur Wind Farm stake| publisher=[[The Australian]]| date=8 September 2015}}</ref>

AGL Energy will operate and maintain the wind farm in place of Morrison & Co and Malakoff. It also reserves the rights to all renewable energy certificates and electricity production until 2038.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/macarthur-farm/| title=Macarthur Wind Farm, Australia| publisher=Power-technology.com}}</ref>

== Operations ==
The wind farm registered its first grid output in September 2012 and reached full output in March 2013. The generation table uses [http://nemlog.com.au/ eljmkt nemlog] to obtain generation values for each month.<!-- The URL must be formatted as: "http://nemlog.com.au/show/unit/YYYYMMDD/YYYYMMDD/?k1=GENCODE" Macarthur's code is MACARTH1, so that is used. -->
{| class="wikitable"
|+Macarthur Wind Farm Generation (MWh)
!Year
!Total
!Jan
!Feb
!Mar
!Apr
!May
!Jun
!Jul
!Aug
!Sep
!Oct
!Nov
!Dec
|-
|2012
|130,077
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|N/A
|26*
|16,862*
|36,463*
|76,726*
|-
|2013
|1,081,695
|64,870*
|71,095*
|89,292*
|65,862
|94,835
|69,212
|110,056
|161,313
|116,783
|123,371
|59,772
|55,234
|-
|2014
|921,516
|88,586
|64,894
|57,826
|67,697
|56,297
|91,760
|128,794
|59,464
|84,296
|84,224
|68,951
|68,727
|-
|2015
|999,626
|97,213
|61,516
|74,953
|57,059
|122,926
|74,144
|116,023
|94,537
|69,370
|84,615
|67,932
|79,338
|-
|2016
|1,020,744
|73,619
|52,313
|53,025
|69,527
|134,943
|92,693
|135,718
|102,208
|69,759
|91,122
|78,019
|67,798
|-
|2017
|888,669
|58,217
|62,226
|70,416
|36,579
|58,751
|42,026
|126,122
|103,920
|135,307
|74,841
|56,721
|63,543
|-
|2018
|1,069,469
|62,680
|73,665
|88,828
|57,723
|105,689
|86,562
|161,645
|132,595
|91,421
|81,484
|65,725
|61,452
|-
|2019
|977,014
|49,132
|70,374
|67,309
|70,299
|96,318
|91,265
|106,790
|114,631
|82,854
|72,786
|78,356
|76,900
|-
|2020
|779,604
|73,238
|14,531
|79,991
|70,096
|95,739
|66,404
|60,178
|78,541
|25,518
|80,581
|66,617
|68,170
|-
|2021
|803,007
|69,269
|44,864
|39,846
|56,501
|38,375
|71,864
|119,446
|98,291
|88,988
|69,269
|58,189
|48,105
|-
|2022
|588,086
|63,891
|57,449
|54,690
|14,087
|40,472
|81,791
|39,000
|47,056
|52,200
|59,521
|28,479
|49,450
|-
|2023
|784,107
|53,158
|48,769
|48,302
|34,018
|74,796
|111,592
|115,381
|47,077
|75,745
|77,327
|42,918
|55,024
|}
Note: Asterisk indicates power output was limited during the month.

== Performance ==
Macarthur has consistently been one of the worst performing wind farms since its construction in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Parkinson|first=Giles|date=2017-08-11|title=Australia's biggest wind farm is also its least productive|url=https://reneweconomy.com.au/australias-biggest-wind-farm-is-also-its-least-productive-88611/|access-date=2020-11-24|website=RenewEconomy|language=en-AU}}</ref> It was intended to have a capacity factor around 34%<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2015-09-07|title=AGL completes the sale of Macarthur Wind Farm|url=https://www.agl.com.au/about-agl/media-centre/asx-and-media-releases/2015/september/agl-completes-the-sale-of-macarthur-wind-farm|access-date=2020-11-24|website=AGL}}</ref> and generate 1240 GWh of energy per annum.<ref name=":0" />

However, the most the farm has generated was 1081 GWh in 2013, and has consistently averaged around 901 GWh, which corresponds to a capacity factor of 24.50%.


==See also==
==See also==
{{stack|{{Portal|Australia|Weather|Renewable energy}}}}
* [[List of wind farms in Victoria]]
* [[List of wind farms in Victoria]]
* [[Wind power in Australia]]
* [[Wind power in Australia]]
Line 47: Line 259:
==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.agl.com.au/macarthur Macarthur Wind Farm] - AGL website
* [http://www.agl.com.au/macarthur Macarthur Wind Farm] - AGL website
* {{cite web |url=http://www.whit.com.au/aemo-registered-participants/|title=AEMO Participant Registration List |accessdate=March 2014}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.whit.com.au/aemo-registered-participants/|title=AEMO Participant Registration List |access-date=28 February 2018}}


{{Wind farms in Australia}}
{{Wind farms in Australia}}


[[Category:Wind farms in Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Wind farms in Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in Australia]]

Latest revision as of 22:52, 12 July 2024

Macarthur Wind Farm
Map
CountryAustralia
LocationVictoria
Coordinates38°02′56″S 142°11′26″E / 38.049005°S 142.1905876°E / -38.049005; 142.1905876
StatusOperational[1]
Commission dateJanuary 2013
Construction costA$1b
OwnerMorrison & Co / Malakoff
OperatorAGL Energy
Wind farm
TypeOnshore
Hub height85 metres
Rotor diameter112 metres
Site elevation165 metres
Power generation
Units operational140
Make and modelVestas V112-3.0MW
Units planned140 × 3 MW
Nameplate capacity420 MW[1]
Capacity factor24.50% (average 2013-2023)
Annual net output901.2 GWh (average 2013-2023)
External links
Websitewww.agl.com.au/about-agl/how-we-source-energy/renewable-energy/macarthur-wind-farm
[edit on Wikidata]

The Macarthur Wind Farm is a wind farm located in Macarthur, Victoria, Australia, near Hamilton, 260 km west of Melbourne. It is on a 5,500 ha site which has an installed capacity of 420 megawatts (MW).[2][3] Based on a capacity factor of around 35%, it is estimated that the long-term average generation will be approximately 1,250 GWh per year. Its actual capacity factor is much lower, with a historical average of 24.50% since 2013.

It is the largest wind farm in the southern hemisphere generating enough power for 220,000 homes and abating 1.7 million tons of greenhouse gases annually, at a capacity factor of 35%.[4] The wind farm comprises 140 Vestas V112-3.0MW wind turbines manufactured in Denmark.[2]

The project cost about A$1 billion and was fully operational in January 2013.[1] It was constructed by Vestas and Leighton Contractors.[5] The first turbines were connected to the grid in September 2012.[6] AGL Energy also invested an additional $27m in the substation, which is completely owned by the company.

History

[edit]

The project was proposed in 2004 and approved by the Government of Victoria in October 2006.

The project was developed by a joint venture formed by AGL Energy and Meridian Energy, a New Zealand-based power generating company, with works starting in 2010. The project was fully operational in January 2013.[1]

In 2013, Meridian sold its 50% share in the wind farm to Malaysian power company Malakoff Corporation Berhad for A$650 million.[7][8] In September 2015, AGL Energy sold its 50% stake in the wind farm to Morrison & Co for $532m.[9]

AGL Energy will operate and maintain the wind farm in place of Morrison & Co and Malakoff. It also reserves the rights to all renewable energy certificates and electricity production until 2038.[10]

Operations

[edit]

The wind farm registered its first grid output in September 2012 and reached full output in March 2013. The generation table uses eljmkt nemlog to obtain generation values for each month.

Macarthur Wind Farm Generation (MWh)
Year Total Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2012 130,077 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 26* 16,862* 36,463* 76,726*
2013 1,081,695 64,870* 71,095* 89,292* 65,862 94,835 69,212 110,056 161,313 116,783 123,371 59,772 55,234
2014 921,516 88,586 64,894 57,826 67,697 56,297 91,760 128,794 59,464 84,296 84,224 68,951 68,727
2015 999,626 97,213 61,516 74,953 57,059 122,926 74,144 116,023 94,537 69,370 84,615 67,932 79,338
2016 1,020,744 73,619 52,313 53,025 69,527 134,943 92,693 135,718 102,208 69,759 91,122 78,019 67,798
2017 888,669 58,217 62,226 70,416 36,579 58,751 42,026 126,122 103,920 135,307 74,841 56,721 63,543
2018 1,069,469 62,680 73,665 88,828 57,723 105,689 86,562 161,645 132,595 91,421 81,484 65,725 61,452
2019 977,014 49,132 70,374 67,309 70,299 96,318 91,265 106,790 114,631 82,854 72,786 78,356 76,900
2020 779,604 73,238 14,531 79,991 70,096 95,739 66,404 60,178 78,541 25,518 80,581 66,617 68,170
2021 803,007 69,269 44,864 39,846 56,501 38,375 71,864 119,446 98,291 88,988 69,269 58,189 48,105
2022 588,086 63,891 57,449 54,690 14,087 40,472 81,791 39,000 47,056 52,200 59,521 28,479 49,450
2023 784,107 53,158 48,769 48,302 34,018 74,796 111,592 115,381 47,077 75,745 77,327 42,918 55,024

Note: Asterisk indicates power output was limited during the month.

Performance

[edit]

Macarthur has consistently been one of the worst performing wind farms since its construction in 2012.[11] It was intended to have a capacity factor around 34%[12] and generate 1240 GWh of energy per annum.[12]

However, the most the farm has generated was 1081 GWh in 2013, and has consistently averaged around 901 GWh, which corresponds to a capacity factor of 24.50%.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Macarthur Wind Farm". AGL Energy.
  2. ^ a b "AGL venture plans $1b wind farm". Sydney Morning Herald. 13 August 2010.
  3. ^ Alexandra Weaver (17 November 2011). "Giant turbine blades arrive for Macarthur farm". The Standard.
  4. ^ Perry, Michael (22 August 2010). "Australia Steps Up Renewable Energy Efforts". New York Times.
  5. ^ "AGL and New Zealand firm Meridian Energy to set up $1 billion Renewable energy in Victoria". Power-Gen. 16 August 2010.
  6. ^ "Macarthur Wind Farm Update". AGL. October 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
  7. ^ "Meridian sells its share in Macarthur wind farm" (Press release). Meridian Energy. 28 June 2013.
  8. ^ "Malaysia's Malakoff Buys Stake in Australian Wind Farm". Wall Street Journal. 28 June 2013.
  9. ^ "AGL sells Macarthur Wind Farm stake" (Press release). The Australian. 8 September 2015.
  10. ^ "Macarthur Wind Farm, Australia". Power-technology.com.
  11. ^ Parkinson, Giles (11 August 2017). "Australia's biggest wind farm is also its least productive". RenewEconomy. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  12. ^ a b "AGL completes the sale of Macarthur Wind Farm". AGL. 7 September 2015. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
[edit]
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