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Sugitani Zenjūbō (杉谷善住坊, d. October 5, 1573) was a Japanese sniper who is well-known for the assassination attempt on Oda Nobunaga during the Sengoku period.

Life

Background

Little is known about Zenjūbō's origins, except that he was an expert gunner.^[1] Various theories exist based on his name and location. Among these theories are that he was a ninja of the Sugitani family, belonging to one of the Kōga's 53 Families (甲賀五十三家), which served the Rokkaku clan and allied with them during the Chōkyō-Entoku Rebellion (長享・延徳の乱) against the Ashikaga shogunate in 1487 and 1491. Other theories suggest he might have been the lord of Sugitani Castle in Komono, Ise Province (modern-day Mie Prefecture), a warrior monk of the Saika Ikki, or a bounty hunter of Negoro-shū.^[2]

It is said that he was skilled at shooting down flying birds according to legend during the late Edo period.^[3]

Events leading up to the incident

In the mid to late 1560s, Ashikaga Yoshiaki, the younger brother of the deceased 13th shōgun Ashikaga Yoshiteru, who was murdered in 1565, sought assistance from Asakura Yoshikage of Echizen and Rokkaku Yoshikata of southern Ōmi, but both refused to provide aid.

Then, in 1568, Oda Nobunaga responded to Yoshiaki's request in escorting him safely to Kyoto to become the 15th Ashikaga shōgun.

As Nobunaga's forces advanced toward Kyoto, they engaged in battles with several clans in southern Ōmi, including the Rokkaku clan. Yoshikata and his sons fled to Iga Province. Within two months, Nobunaga successfully removed opposition from the central region, ensuring the safety of the capital for the newly enthroned shōgun, Yoshiaki, before returning to his domain at Gifu Castle in Mino Province (modern-day Gifu Prefecture).^[4]^[5]

Assassination plot

In early 1570, Nobunaga launched a campaign to address the threat posed by Asakura Yoshikage. He headed north to Echizen Province (present-day Fukui Prefecture) from the capital. However, shortly thereafter, his ally, the Azai clan, who ruled over northern Ōmi, unexpectedly turned against Oda Nobunaga from the rear. This forced him to hastily retreat back to Kyoto, his Echizen campaign interrupted for the time being with the intention of regrouping at Gifu before the Azai-Asakura Alliance could gain momentum. Azai Nagamasa, his brother-in-law, obstructed the route through Ōmi Province, preventing Nobunaga's return to his home domains in Owari Province (present-day eastern Aichi Prefecture) and Mino Province.^[5]

With his retreat blocked, Nobunaga had no choice but to head westward into Ise Province by way of Chikusa Mountain, a province he had subjugated and pacified a year earlier, which bordered Owari.

Meanwhile, Rokkaku Yoshikata, under the alias of Sasaki Jōtei, had hired Sugitani Zenjūbō for the task of assassinating Nobunaga.^[1]^[6] It is said that this plot was purportedly devised by the Rokkaku clan to hinder Nobunaga's main route and lure him into a trap using the Chikusa Pass where the assassin was stationed.

On the 22nd of June, the sniper concealed himself by the wayside in the mountain as Nobunaga, accompanied by escorts, traversed Chikusa Pass. Zenjūbō took aim with an arquebus and fired a double shot from over twenty meters away. Remarkably, it resulted in only a scratch, and Nobunaga safely returned to Gifu Castle two days later.^[6]

Aftermath and execution

After the failed assassination, Zenjūbō went into hiding. He eventually sought refuge at Amida-ji in Takashima, Ōmi.^[7] In 1573, Isono Kazumasa captured him, and on October 5, he was brought to Gifu. There, he underwent a thorough interrogation before facing an unusual method of capital punishment.^[1]

Zenjūbō was buried upright by the roadside, with only his head and neck exposed. A blunt-edged bamboo saw was placed nearby for anyone who might pass by and cut away at his neck, resulting in a slow execution by beheading.^[1]^[2]

As an indirect consequence of the earlier mentioned incident, Oda Nobutada, Nobunaga's eldest son and heir, condemned Erin-ji, located in the Takeda clan's territory, for the crime of harboring Rokkaku Yoshikata's son, Rokkaku Katanaga (under the alias Sasaki Jirō), in 1582. On April 25, the temple was set ablaze, burning 150 people to death, as punishment for the offense that still echoed over a decade later.^[8]

Impact

While assassinations were not unheard of in 16th century Japan, direct sniping was still exceedingly rare during that period. The first recorded assassination involving the use of a gun in Japan occurred several years earlier in 1566 when Ukita Naoie hired two rōnin brothers to kill the daimyō Mimura Iechika by shooting him to death in Bicchū Province.

Similarly, beheading by sawing was an exceptionally severe and uncommon execution method throughout Japanese history.

Both of these topics have attracted significant interest in various forms of media.

Works featured in

Ōgon no Hibi, 21st episode of the 16th NHK taiga drama (1978), role performed by Takuzo Kawatani.
"Shūdōshi no Kubi" (1987), written by Motohiko Izawa.
"The Man Who Shot Nobunaga" (2005), written by Mikio Nanbara (南原幹雄).
Ninja Girl & Samurai Master (2008), written by Naoki Shigeno (重野なおき). In the 2016's anime adaptation, he was voiced by Eiji Takemoto.
Debuts in volume 3 of The Ambition of Oda Nobuna (2010), written by Mikage Kasuga (春日みかげ). He is voiced by Kenji Hamada in the 2012 anime.
Appears in the first volume of "Sengoku Sniper" (2012) out of five volumes, written by Takumi Yanai (柳内たくみ).
"Shirakomaki: Sengoku no Kumo" (2015), written by Hiroshi Saitō (斉藤洋). It tells of a story about Sugitani Zenjūbō's apprentice who takes revenge on Nobunaga.
NHK's "Nobunaga's Smartphone" (2023) of the Smartphone series, played by Sugi-chan.
Appears as an Archer-class Servant in the mobile game Fate/Grand Order (2023), voiced by Yūko Gotō and illustrated by Hideo Takenaka (武中英雄).
He appears as a character in the Nobunaga's Ambition series.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 199–200. ISBN 978-9004201620.
^ ^a ^b Ninja Attack!: True Tales of Assassins, Samurai, and Outlaws (Revised ed.). Tuttle Publishing. 2012. pp. 46–50. ISBN 978-4805312186.
^ Kaisei Mikawa Gofudoki, vol.1 (in Japanese). 1886. p. 473.
^ Lamers, Jeroen (2001). Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered. Hotei Publishing. ISBN 978-9074822220.
^ ^a ^b Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. ISBN 978-9004201620.
^ ^a ^b Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-9004201620.
^ "Amida-ji and Sugitani Zenjūbō | Takashima City" (PDF). Takashima City Archives. Retrieved 2023-10-25.
^ Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 449–451. ISBN 978-9004201620.

[:1-1] Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 199–200. ISBN 978-9004201620.

[:2-2] Ninja Attack!: True Tales of Assassins, Samurai, and Outlaws (Revised ed.). Tuttle Publishing. 2012. pp. 46–50. ISBN 978-4805312186.

[3] Kaisei Mikawa Gofudoki, vol.1 (in Japanese). 1886. p. 473.

[4] Lamers, Jeroen (2001). Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered. Hotei Publishing. ISBN 978-9074822220.

[:3-5] Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. ISBN 978-9004201620.

[:0-6] Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 144–145. ISBN 978-9004201620.

[7] "Amida-ji and Sugitani Zenjūbō | Takashima City" (PDF). Takashima City Archives. Retrieved 2023-10-25.

[8] Ōta, Gyūichi (2011). The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga. BRILL. pp. 449–451. ISBN 978-9004201620.

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+{{Short description|Japanese sniper}}
-{{AfC submission|t||ts=20231031033059|u=Cozyfunbeanbag|ns=118|demo=}}<!-- Important, do not remove this line before article has been created. -->
 {{Family name hatnote|Sugitani|lang=Japanese}}
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 === Background ===
-Little is known about Zenjūbō's origins, except that he was an expert gunner.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620 |pages=199-200}}</ref> Various theories exist based on his name and location. Among these theories are that he was a [[ninja]] of the Sugitani family, belonging to one of the [[Kōga's 53 Families]] ([[:ja:甲賀五十三家|甲賀五十三家]]), which served the [[Rokkaku clan]] and allied with them during the [[Chōkyō-Entoku Rebellion]] ([[:ja:長享・延徳の乱|長享・延徳の乱]]) against the [[Ashikaga shogunate]] in 1487 and 1491. Other theories suggest he might have been the lord of Sugitani Castle in [[Komono]], [[Ise Province]] (modern-day [[Mie Prefecture]]), a [[warrior monk]] of the [[Saika Ikki]], or a [[bounty hunter]] of [[Negoro-shū]].
+Little is known about Zenjūbō's origins, except that he was an expert gunner.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620 |pages=199–200}}</ref> Various theories exist based on his name and location. Among these theories are that he was a [[ninja]] of the Sugitani family, belonging to one of the [[Kōga's 53 Families]] ([[:ja:甲賀五十三家|甲賀五十三家]]), which served the [[Rokkaku clan]] and allied with them during the [[Chōkyō-Entoku Rebellion]] ([[:ja:長享・延徳の乱|長享・延徳の乱]]) against the [[Ashikaga shogunate]] in 1487 and 1491. Other theories suggest he might have been the lord of Sugitani Castle in [[Komono]], [[Ise Province]] (modern-day [[Mie Prefecture]]), a [[warrior monk]] of the [[Saika Ikki]], or a [[bounty hunter]] of [[Negoro-shū]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |title=Ninja Attack!: True Tales of Assassins, Samurai, and Outlaws |publisher=Tuttle Publishing |year=2012 |isbn=978-4805312186 |edition=Revised |pages=46–50}}</ref>
-A book of tales from the late [[Edo period]] also mentions a legend in which it is said that he was skilled at shooting down flying birds.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Kaisei Mikawa Gofudoki, vol.1 |year=1886 |pages=473 |language=ja}}</ref>
+It is said that he was skilled at shooting down flying birds according to legend during the late [[Edo period]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Kaisei Mikawa Gofudoki, vol.1 |year=1886 |pages=473 |language=ja}}</ref>
-==== Events Leading Up to the Incident ====
+==== Events leading up to the incident ====
 In the mid to late 1560s, [[Ashikaga Yoshiaki]], the younger brother of the deceased 13th [[shōgun]] [[Ashikaga Yoshiteru]], who was murdered in 1565, sought assistance from [[Asakura Yoshikage]] of [[Echizen Province|Echizen]] and [[Rokkaku Yoshikata]] of [[Ōmi Province|southern Ōmi]], but both refused to provide aid.
 Then, in 1568, Oda Nobunaga responded to Yoshiaki's request in escorting him safely to [[Kyoto]] to become the 15th Ashikaga shōgun.
-As Nobunaga's forces advanced toward Kyoto, they engaged in battles with several clans in southern Ōmi, including the Rokkaku clan. Yoshikata and his sons fled to [[Iga Province|Iga Province.]] Within two months, Nobunaga successfully removed opposition from the central region, ensuring the safety of the capital for the newly enthroned shōgun, Yoshiaki, before returning to his domain at [[Gifu Castle]] in [[Mino Province]] (modern-day [[Gifu Prefecture]]).
+As Nobunaga's forces advanced toward Kyoto, they engaged in battles with several clans in southern Ōmi, including the Rokkaku clan. Yoshikata and his sons fled to [[Iga Province]]. Within two months, Nobunaga successfully removed opposition from the central region, ensuring the safety of the capital for the newly enthroned shōgun, Yoshiaki, before returning to his domain at [[Gifu Castle]] in [[Mino Province]] (modern-day [[Gifu Prefecture]]).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lamers |first=Jeroen |title=Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered |publisher=Hotei Publishing |year=2001 |isbn=978-9074822220}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620}}</ref>
-=== Assassination Attempt ===
+=== Assassination plot ===
-In early 1570, Nobunaga launched a campaign to address the threat posed by Asakura Yoshikage. He headed north to Echizen Province (present-day [[Fukui Prefecture]]) from the capital. However, shortly thereafter, his ally, the [[Azai clan]], who ruled over northern Ōmi, unexpectedly turned against Oda Nobunaga from the rear. This forced him to hastily retreat back to Kyoto, his Echizen campaign interrupted for the time being with the intention of regrouping at Gifu Castle before the Azai-Asakura Alliance could gain momentum. [[Azai Nagamasa]], his brother-in-law, obstructed the route through Ōmi Province, preventing Nobunaga's return to his home domains in [[Owari Province]] (present-day eastern [[Aichi Prefecture]]) and Mino Province.
+In early 1570, Nobunaga launched a campaign to address the threat posed by Asakura Yoshikage. He headed north to Echizen Province (present-day [[Fukui Prefecture]]) from the capital. However, shortly thereafter, his ally, the [[Azai clan]], who ruled over northern Ōmi, unexpectedly turned against Oda Nobunaga from the rear. This forced him to hastily retreat back to Kyoto, his Echizen campaign interrupted for the time being with the intention of regrouping at Gifu before the Azai-Asakura Alliance could gain momentum. [[Azai Nagamasa]], his brother-in-law, obstructed the route through Ōmi Province, preventing Nobunaga's return to his home domains in [[Owari Province]] (present-day eastern [[Aichi Prefecture]]) and Mino Province.<ref name=":3" />
 With his retreat blocked, Nobunaga had no choice but to head westward into Ise Province by way of Chikusa Mountain, a province he had subjugated and pacified a year earlier, which bordered Owari.
-Meanwhile, Rokkaku Yoshikata, under the alias of Sasaki Jōtei, had hired Sugitani Zenjūbō for the task of assassinating Nobunaga.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620 |pages=144-145}}</ref> It is said that this plot was purportedly devised by the Rokkaku clan to hinder Nobunaga's main route and lure him into a trap using the Chikusa Pass where the assassin was stationed.
+Meanwhile, Rokkaku Yoshikata, under the alias of Sasaki Jōtei, had hired Sugitani Zenjūbō for the task of assassinating Nobunaga.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620 |pages=144–145}}</ref> It is said that this plot was purportedly devised by the Rokkaku clan to hinder Nobunaga's main route and lure him into a trap using the Chikusa Pass where the assassin was stationed.
-On the 22nd of June, the sniper concealed himself by the wayside in the mountain as Nobunaga, accompanied by escorts, traversed Chikusa Pass. Zenjūbō took aim with an arquebus and fired a double shot from over twenty meters away. Remarkably, it resulted in only a scratch, and Nobunaga safely returned to Gifu Castle two days later.<ref name=":0" />
+On the 22nd of June, the sniper concealed himself by the wayside in the mountain as Nobunaga, accompanied by escorts, traversed Chikusa Pass. Zenjūbō took aim with an [[arquebus]] and fired a double shot from over twenty meters away. Remarkably, it resulted in only a scratch, and Nobunaga safely returned to Gifu Castle two days later.<ref name=":0" />
-=== Aftermath and Execution ===
+=== Aftermath and execution ===
-After the failed assassination, Zenjūbō went into hiding. He eventually sought refuge at Amida-ji in [[Takashima, Shiga|Takashima]], Ōmi. In 1573, [[Isono Kazumasa]] captured him, and on October 5th, he was brought to Gifu. There, he underwent a thorough interrogation before facing an unusual method of capital punishment.<ref name=":1" />
+After the failed assassination, Zenjūbō went into hiding. He eventually sought refuge at Amida-ji in [[Takashima, Shiga|Takashima]], Ōmi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amida-ji and Sugitani Zenjūbō {{!}} Takashima City |url=https://www.city.takashima.lg.jp/material/files/group/11/28_42144081.pdf |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=Takashima City Archives}}</ref> In 1573, [[Isono Kazumasa]] captured him, and on October 5, he was brought to Gifu. There, he underwent a thorough interrogation before facing an unusual method of capital punishment.<ref name=":1" />
-Zenjūbō was buried upright by the roadside, with only his head and neck exposed. A blunt-edged bamboo saw was placed nearby for anyone who might pass by and attempt to sever his neck, resulting in a slow and agonizing demise.
+Zenjūbō was buried upright by the roadside, with only his head and neck exposed. A blunt-edged bamboo saw was placed nearby for anyone who might pass by and cut away at his neck, resulting in a slow execution by beheading.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
-As an indirect consequence of the earlier mentioned incident, [[Oda Nobutada]], Nobunaga's eldest son and heir, condemned Erin-ji for the crime of harboring Rokkaku Yoshikata's son, [[Rokkaku Katanaga]] (under the alias Sasaki Jirō), in 1582.
+As an indirect consequence of the earlier mentioned incident, [[Oda Nobutada]], Nobunaga's eldest son and heir, condemned Erin-ji, located in the [[Takeda clan]]'s territory, for the crime of harboring Rokkaku Yoshikata's son, [[Rokkaku Katanaga]] (under the alias Sasaki Jirō), in 1582. On April 25, the temple was set ablaze, burning 150 people to death, as punishment for the offense that still echoed over a decade later.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ōta |first=Gyūichi |title=The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga |publisher=BRILL |year=2011 |isbn=978-9004201620 |pages=449–451}}</ref>
 == Impact ==
+While assassinations were not unheard of in 16th century Japan, direct sniping was still exceedingly rare during that period. The first recorded assassination involving the use of a gun in Japan occurred several years earlier in 1566 when [[Ukita Naoie]] hired two [[rōnin]] brothers to kill the [[Daimyo|daimyō]] [[Mimura Iechika]] by shooting him to death in [[Bitchū Province|Bicchū Province]].
-[wip]
+Similarly, beheading by sawing was an exceptionally severe and uncommon execution method throughout Japanese history.
-== Works Featured in ==
+Both of these topics have attracted significant interest in various forms of media.
+== Works featured in ==
 * [[Ōgon no Hibi]], 21st episode of the 16th [[Taiga drama|NHK taiga drama]] (1978), role performed by [[Takuzo Kawatani]].
 * ''"Shūdōshi no Kubi"'' (1987), written by [[Motohiko Izawa]].
-* "The Man Who Shot Nobunaga" (2005), written by Mikio Nanbara (南原幹雄).
+* "The Man Who Shot Nobunaga" (2005), written by Mikio Nanbara (南原 幹雄).
-* [[Ninja Girl & Samurai Master]] (2008), written by Naoki Shigeno (重野なおき). In the 2016's [[anime]] adaptation, he was voiced by [[Eiji Takemoto]].
+* [[Ninja Girl & Samurai Master]] (2008), written by Naoki Shigeno (重野 なおき). In the 2016's [[anime]] adaptation, he was voiced by [[Eiji Takemoto]].
-* Debuts in volume 3 of [[The Ambition of Oda Nobuna]] (2010), written by Mikage Kasuga (春日みかげ). He is voiced by [[Kenji Hamada]] in the 2012 anime.
+* Debuts in volume 3 of [[The Ambition of Oda Nobuna]] (2010), written by Mikage Kasuga (春日 みかげ). He is voiced by [[Kenji Hamada]] in the 2012 anime.
-* Appears in the first volume of "''Sengoku Sniper''" (2012) out of five volumes, written by Takumi Yanai (柳内たくみ).
+* Appears in the first volume of "Sengoku Sniper" (2012) out of five volumes, written by Takumi Yanai (柳内 たくみ).
-* ''"Shirakomaki: Sengoku no Kumo"'' (2015), written by Hiroshi Saitō (斉藤洋). It tells of a story about Sugitani Zenjūbō's apprentice who takes revenge on Nobunaga.
+* ''"Shirakomaki: Sengoku no Kumo"'' (2015), written by Hiroshi Saitō (斉藤 洋). It tells of a story about Sugitani Zenjūbō's apprentice who takes revenge on Nobunaga.
 * [[NHK]]'s "Nobunaga's Smartphone" (2023) of the Smartphone series, played by [[Sugi-chan]].
-* Appears as Archer-class Servant in the [[mobile game]] [[Fate/Grand Order]] (2023), voiced by [[Yūko Gotō]] and illustrated by Hideo Takenaka (武中英雄).
+* Appears as an Archer-class Servant in the [[mobile game]] [[Fate/Grand Order]] (2023), voiced by [[Yūko Gotō]] and illustrated by Hideo Takenaka (武中 英雄).
+* He appears as a character in the [[Nobunaga's Ambition]] series.
 == References ==
-<!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. -->
 {{reflist}}
+{{People of the Sengoku period}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Zenjūbō, Sugitani}}
+[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
+[[Category:1573 deaths]]
+[[Category:Snipers]]
+[[Category:Japanese assassins]]
+[[Category:Failed assassins]]
+[[Category:Ninja]]
+[[Category:16th-century Japanese people]]
+[[Category:People of Muromachi-period Japan]]
+[[Category:People of Sengoku-period Japan]]
+[[Category:16th-century executions by Japan]]
+[[Category:People executed by Japan by decapitation]]

v t e Prominent people of the Sengoku and Azuchi–Momoyama periods
Emperor	Go-Kashiwabara Go-Nara Ōgimachi Go-Yōzei
Three major daimyō	Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugawa Ieyasu
Shōgun	Ashikaga Yoshiharu Ashikaga Yoshiteru Ashikaga Yoshihide Ashikaga Yoshiaki Tokugawa Hidetada
Other daimyō	Amago Tsunehisa Amago Haruhisa Asakura Yoshikage Ashina Moriuji Akechi Mitsuhide Azai Nagamasa Chōsokabe Motochika Date Terumune Date Masamune Hatakeyama Yoshitaka Honda Tadakatsu Hōjō Sōun Hōjō Ujimasa Hōjō Ujiyasu Ii Naomasa Imagawa Yoshimoto Imagawa Ujizane Isshiki Yoshimichi Itō Yoshisuke Kitabatake Tomonori Kuroda Nagamasa Matsunaga Hisahide Miyoshi Nagayoshi Mogami Yoshiaki Mōri Motonari Ōuchi Yoshitaka Ōuchi Yoshinaga Ōtomo Sōrin Rokkaku Yoshikata Ryūzōji Takanobu Saitō Dōsan Saitō Yoshitatsu Sakai Tadatsugu Sakakibara Yasumasa Satomi Yoshitaka Sanada Yukitaka Sanada Masayuki Sanada Nobuyuki Satake Yoshishige Sagara Yoshihi Shimazu Yoshihisa Shimazu Yoshihiro Tachibana Dōsetsu Takeda Nobutora Takeda Shingen Tōdō Takatora Uesugi Kagekatsu Uesugi Kenshin Uesugi Norimasa Ukita Naoie Uragami Munekage Yamana Toyokuni Yamana Suketoyo
Swordsmen	Marume Nagayoshi Hikita Bungorō Kamiizumi Nobutsuna Miyamoto Musashi Mizuno Katsushige Sasaki Kojirō Tadashima Akiyama Tsukahara Bokuden Tsutsumi Hōzan Yagyū Munenori Yagyū Munetoshi Shinmen Munisai Itō Ittōsai
Advisers and strategists	Kobayakawa Takakage Kuroda Yoshitaka Naoe Kanetsugu Takenaka Shigeharu Usami Sadamitsu Yamamoto Kansuke
Ninja, rogues and mercenaries	Mochizuki Chiyome Fūma Kotarō Hatsume no Tsubone Hattori Hanzō Ishikawa Goemon Katō Danzō Kirigakure Shikaemon Kōzuki Sasuke Nakamura Chōbei Ohama Kagetaka Sugitani Zenjūbō Saika Magoichi Suzuki Sadayu Suzuki Shigehide Suzuki Shigetomo Suzuki Magoroku Igasaki Dōshun Umemura Sawano
Monks and other religious figures	Ankokuji Ekei Hongan-ji Kennyo Hon'inbō Sansa Ishin Sūden Jion Koji Kashin Nankōbō Tenkai Rennyo Sessai Chōrō Shimozuma Chūkō Shimotsuma Rairen Shimozuma Rairyū Takuan Sōhō
Female castellans	Ashikaga Ujihime Chacha Miyohime Munakata Saikaku Nene Onamihime Otazu no Kata Otsuya no Kata Seishin-ni Tachibana Ginchiyo
Female warriors	Akai Teruko Fujishiro Gozen Ichikawa no Tsubone Ikeda Sen Kaihime Kamehime Katakura Kita Katō Tsune Komatsuhime Kushihashi Teru Maeda Matsu Myōki Myōrin Numata Jakō Ōhōri Tsuruhime Okaji no Kata Okyō no Kata Omasa Oni Gozen Shigashi Shirai no Tsubone Ueno Tsuruhime Yuki no Kata
Other women	Lady Acha Akohime Asahihime Lady Chaa Chikurin-in Gōhime Lady Goryū Dota Gozen Gotokuhime Tsumaki Hiroko Lady Hayakawa Hosokawa Gracia Irohahime Izumo no Okuni Jukei-ni Shimazu Kameju Lady Kasuga Keigin-ni Kitsuno Konoe Sakiko Kōzōsu Kyōgoku Maria Kyōgoku Tatsuko Kyōun'in Matsuhime Megohime Lady Myōkyū Naitō Julia Nōhime Odai no Kata Oeyo Oichi Oinu Ohatsu Lady Ōkurakyo Ōmandokoro Ono Otsū Ōtomo-Nata Jezebel Rikei Lady Saigō Lady Sanjō Seien-in Seikōin Senhime Sentōin Tobai-in Toyotomi Sadako Tomo Lady Toida Tokuhime Tōshōin Lady Tsukiyama Yamauchi Chiyo Yoshihime Yoshihiro Kikuhime
Foreign people in Japan	Alessandro Valignano Francis Xavier Gaspar Coelho Jacob Quaeckernaeck Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn Julia Ota Luís Fróis Soga Seikan Wakita Naokata Wang Zhi William Adams Yasuke
See also	List of samurai from the Sengoku period