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Coordinates: 29°52′24″S 31°01′28″E / 29.8732°S 31.0245°E / -29.8732; 31.0245
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{{short description|Major shipping terminal in Durban, South Africa}}
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{{Refimprove|date=March 2009}}
{{Use South African English|date=July 2024}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Update|date=June 2021}}
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{{More citations needed|date=March 2009}}
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{{Infobox port
{{Infobox port
|name= Port of Durban
|name= Port of Durban
|image=Durban harbor.jpg
|image=Durban harbor.jpg
|country=[[Republic of South Africa]]
|country= {{flag|South Africa}}
|location=[[Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal|Durban]], [[Kwazulu Natal]]
|location=[[Durban, KwaZulu-Natal|Durban]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]]
|pushpin_map = yes
|coordinates=
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|coordinates={{coord|29.8732|S|31.0245|E|source:wikidata|display=inline,title}}
| locode = ZADUR<ref name="Locode-1">{{cite web |title=UNLOCODE (ZA) - SOUTH AFRICA |url=https://service.unece.org/trade/locode/za.htm |website=service.unece.org |accessdate=28 April 2020}}</ref>
|opened=
|opened=
|berths=
|berths=
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|leadershiptitle=
|leadershiptitle=
|leader=
|leader=
| blankstatstitle1 = 2023 World Bank Container Port Performance Index
| blankstats1 = 399th (out of 405)
|blankdetailstitle1=
|blankdetailstitle1=
|blankdetails1=
|blankdetails1=
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|blankdetailstitle3=Executive Director
|blankdetailstitle3=Executive Director
|blankdetails3=
|blankdetails3=
|website=http://transnet.net
|website= {{URL|http://transnet.net}}
}}
}}


The '''Port of Durban''', commonly called Durban Harbour, is the largest and busiest shipping terminal in [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Africa’s ports: The bottleneck: New investment alone will not fix Africa’s ports. Governments need to deal with pilfering officials, too|url=http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21695054-new-investment-alone-will-not-fix-africas-ports-governments-need-deal|accessdate=19 March 2016|work=[[The Economist]]|date=19 March 2016}}</ref> It handles up to 31.4 million tons of cargo each year.<ref name="iss-shipping1">http://www.iss-shipping.com/Microsites/Document%20Library/Port%20Of%20Durban.pdf</ref> It is the fourth largest [[container terminal]] in the [[Southern Hemisphere]], handling 2,568,124 [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]] in 2012.
The '''Port of Durban''', commonly called '''Durban Harbour''', is the largest and busiest shipping terminal in [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Africa's ports: The bottleneck: New investment alone will not fix Africa's ports. Governments need to deal with pilfering officials, too|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21695054-new-investment-alone-will-not-fix-africas-ports-governments-need-deal|accessdate=19 March 2016|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=19 March 2016}}</ref> It handles up to 31.4 million tons of cargo each year.<ref name="iss-shipping1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iss-shipping.com/Microsites/Document%20Library/Port%20Of%20Durban.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-10-14 |archive-date=2013-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064148/http://www.iss-shipping.com/Microsites/Document%20Library/Port%20Of%20Durban.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the fourth largest [[container terminal]] in the [[Southern Hemisphere]], handling approximately 4.5 million [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]] in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019|title=Port Terminals 2019|url=https://www.transnet.net/InvestorRelations/AR2019/Port%20Terminals.pdf|website=TransNet}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=halong bay cruise overnight |url=https://cruiseinhalongbay.com/ |access-date=29 March 2023}}</ref>


==Port statistics==
==Port statistics==
Line 38: Line 48:
* Rail tracks total {{convert|302|km|abbr=off}}.
* Rail tracks total {{convert|302|km|abbr=off}}.
* The port has 58 berths which are operated by more than 20 terminal operators.
* The port has 58 berths which are operated by more than 20 terminal operators.
* Over 4500 commercial vessels call at the port each year.
* Over 4,500 commercial vessels call at the port each year.
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The port has recently been widened. The harbor entrance depth is now {{convert|19|m}} in the approach channel decreasing to 16 metres within the harbour. The navigation width is now {{convert|220|m}}.


The port saw a drop of "5 per cent of the liner shipping services, 6.2 per cent of ship calls and 2.8 per cent of the deployed capacity" during the second quarter of 2020 due to the adverse impact of the global [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=COVID-19 and maritime transport: Impact and responses|url=https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/dtltlbinf2020d1_en.pdf|access-date=|website=UNCTAD|language=en}}</ref> However, the maximum capacity of container ships calling at the port increased by 14.5 percent during the same time period.<ref name=":1" />
==Harbour entrance depth==

⚫
The entrance channel had a depth of {{convert|12.8|m}} from Chart Datum, and a width of {{convert|122|m}} between the [[Caisson (engineering)|caisson]]s. The port has recently been widened. The harbor entrance depth is now 19 metres in the approach channel decreasing to 16 metres within the harbour. The new navigation width is 220 metres.
The 2022 World Bank Container Port Performance Index ranked Durban 341st out of the 348 ports surveyed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bank |first=World |title=The Container Port Performance Index 2022 : A Comparable Assessment of Performance Based on Vessel Time in Port |url=https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099051723134019182/P1758330d05f3607f09690076fedcf4e71a |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref> In the 2023 report, the port slipped to 399th out of the 405 ports surveyed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-05 |title=Dead last among 405 ports – SA flies the CPPI rogues flag again |url=https://www.freightnews.co.za/article/dead-last-among-405-ports-sa-flies-cppi-rogues-flag-again |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=Freight News |language=en}}</ref>


==Port facilities==
==Port facilities==
[[File:Durban_container_port_(24747434937).jpg|thumb|Aerial view of the container port]]

===Berths===
===Berths===
* Pier No. 1 Berth
* Pier No. 1 Berth
Line 58: Line 72:


===Cruise terminal===
===Cruise terminal===
[[MSC Cruises]] bases the [[MSC Sinfonia|MSC ''Sinfonia'']] in Durban from November to April every year. From the 2018/2019 Southern Africa cruise season MSC Cruises will be basing the much larger and newer [[MSC Musica]] in Durban.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://traveller24.news24.com/Explore/Beach/all-aboard-mscs-new-cruise-ship-brand-new-island-cruise-offering-for-sa-20170408 |title=All aboard MSC’s new cruise ship + brand new island cruise offering for SA &#124; Traveller24 |publisher=Traveller24.news24.com |date=2017-04-08 |accessdate=2017-06-29}}</ref> Many other cruise ships pass through Durban every year, including some of the worlds biggest, such as the [[RMS Queen Mary 2|RMS ''Queen Mary 2'']]. The tender to build the R200 million [[Durban Cruise Terminal]] was awarded to KwaZulu Cruise Terminal (Pty) Ltd which is 70% owned by MSC Cruises SA and 30% by Africa Armada Consortium. The terminal will be able to accommodate 2 cruise ships at any given time.<ref>{{cite news|author=Shirley le Guern |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/preferred-bidder-for-r215m-durban-cruise-terminal-finally-selected-2017-05-30/ |title=Preferred bidder for R215m Durban cruise terminal finally selected |publisher=engineeringnews.co.za |date=2017-05-30 |accessdate=2017-06-29}}</ref>
[[MSC Cruises]] bases the [[MSC Musica|MSC ''Musica'']] in Durban from November to April every year. From the 2019/2020 Southern Africa cruise season MSC Cruises will be basing the newer [[MSC Orchestra|MSC ''Orchestra'']] in Durban.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MSC Cruises to replace Musica with Orchestra for 2019/2020 South African cruise season -|url=https://cruise-arabia.com/2018/09/24/msc-cruises-to-replace-musica-with-orchestra-for-2019-2020-south-african-cruise-season/|access-date=2021-07-28|website=cruise-arabia.com|date=24 September 2018 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Many other cruise ships pass through Durban every year, including some of the world's biggest, such as the [[RMS Queen Mary 2|RMS ''Queen Mary 2'']].
The tender to build the R215 million [[Durban Cruise Terminal]] was awarded to KwaZulu Cruise Terminal (Pty) Ltd which is 70% owned by MSC Cruises SA and 30% by Africa Armada Consortium. The terminal will be able to accommodate two cruise ships at any given time.<ref>{{cite news|author=Shirley le Guern |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/preferred-bidder-for-r215m-durban-cruise-terminal-finally-selected-2017-05-30/ |title=Preferred bidder for R215m Durban cruise terminal finally selected |publisher=engineeringnews.co.za |date=2017-05-30 |accessdate=2017-06-29}}</ref>


==Naval facilities==
==Naval facilities==
[[Naval Base Durban]], situated on [[Salisbury Island, Durban|Salisbury Island]], is part of the Port of Durban. Established during the Second World War, it was downgraded to a naval station in 2002. In 2012 a decision was made to renovate and expand the facilities back up to a full naval base to accommodate the [[South African Navy]]'s [[offshore patrol vessel|offshore patrol]] flotilla.<ref>{{cite news|first=Leon |last=Engelbrecht |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23908:navy-may-upgrade-naval-station-durban-&catid=108:maritime-security&Itemid=233 |title=Navy may upgrade Naval Station Durban |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2012-02-27 |accessdate=2015-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Kim |last=Helfrich |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31970:naval-base-durban-still-a-way-off&catid=111:sa-defence&Itemid=242 |title=Naval Base Durban still a way off |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2013-09-23 |accessdate=2015-12-10}}</ref> In December 2015 it was redesignated a naval base. It is the home port of three [[Warrior-class strike craft|Warrior-class]] interim [[offshore patrol vessels]] (formerly missile-armed [[fast attack craft]]) which will be replaced by a new patrol flotilla within four to five years.<ref>{{cite news|first=Kim |last=Helfrich |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=41760:minister-says-its-naval-base-durban-not-station&catid=111:sa-defence&Itemid=242 |title=Minister says it’s Naval Base Durban, not Station |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2015-12-09 |accessdate=2015-12-09}}</ref>
[[Naval Base Durban]], situated on [[Salisbury Island, Durban|Salisbury Island]], is part of the Port of Durban. Established during the Second World War, it was downgraded to a naval station in 2002. In 2012 a decision was made to renovate and expand the facilities back up to a full naval base to accommodate the [[South African Navy]]'s [[offshore patrol vessel|offshore patrol]] flotilla.<ref>{{cite news|first=Leon |last=Engelbrecht |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23908:navy-may-upgrade-naval-station-durban-&catid=108:maritime-security&Itemid=233 |title=Navy may upgrade Naval Station Durban |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2012-02-27 |accessdate=2015-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Kim |last=Helfrich |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31970:naval-base-durban-still-a-way-off&catid=111:sa-defence&Itemid=242 |title=Naval Base Durban still a way off |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2013-09-23 |accessdate=2015-12-10}}</ref> In December 2015 it was redesignated a naval base. It is the home port of three [[Warrior-class strike craft|Warrior-class]] interim [[offshore patrol vessel]]s (formerly missile-armed [[fast attack craft]]) which will be replaced by a new patrol flotilla within four to five years.<ref>{{cite news|first=Kim |last=Helfrich |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=41760:minister-says-its-naval-base-durban-not-station&catid=111:sa-defence&Itemid=242 |title=Minister says it's Naval Base Durban, not Station |publisher=defenceWeb |date=2015-12-09 |accessdate=2015-12-09}}</ref>


== Expansion plans ==
⚫
==References==
In April 2021, South African officials revealed a $7 billion modernization and expansion plan of the port facilities in order to increase efficiency and improve its standing as one of Africa's best and biggest ports.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=South Africa Unveils Expansion Plan for Port of Durban|url=https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/south-africa-unveils-expansion-plan-for-port-of-durban|access-date=2021-06-18|website=The Maritime Executive|language=en}}</ref> The program is expected expand port capacity from 2.9 million TEU to more than 11 million TEU by 2031.<ref name=":0" />
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{{Reflist}}

The plan has been criticized by labour unions over not being consulted on the construction contracts, and warned that the government's intention to partner with the private sector to complete the expansion could lead to job losses for a highly indebted state-owned company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Unions express fear over R100bn Durban port expansion project|url=https://www.iol.co.za/mercury/news/unions-express-fear-over-r100bn-durban-port-expansion-project-47ef08e2-8984-4b5c-be64-98d26e20541e|access-date=2021-06-18|website=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[List of ports of entry in South Africa]]
* [[List of ports of entry in South Africa]]
* [[2021 Transnet Cyberattack]]

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==References==
⚫
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}


{{Durban}}
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{{coord|29.8732|S|31.0245|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}


[[Category:Ports and harbours of South Africa]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of South Africa|Durban]]
[[Category:Transport in Durban]]
[[Category:Transport in Durban]]
[[Category:Infrastructure in South Africa]]

Latest revision as of 07:47, 15 July 2024

Port of Durban
Map
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Location
Country South Africa
LocationDurban, KwaZulu-Natal
Coordinates29°52′24″S 31°01′28″E / 29.8732°S 31.0245°E / -29.8732; 31.0245
UN/LOCODEZADUR[1]
Statistics
2023 World Bank Container Port Performance Index399th (out of 405)
Website
transnet.net

The Port of Durban, commonly called Durban Harbour, is the largest and busiest shipping terminal in sub-Saharan Africa.[2] It handles up to 31.4 million tons of cargo each year.[3] It is the fourth largest container terminal in the Southern Hemisphere, handling approximately 4.5 million TEU in 2019.[4][5]

Port statistics

[edit]
  • Durban is the busiest port in South Africa and generates more than 60% of revenue.
  • It is the second largest container port in Africa (after Port Said in Egypt).
  • It is the fourth largest container port in Southern Hemisphere. (First is Jakarta in Indonesia, second is Surabaya in Indonesia, third is Santos in Brazil).
  • The distance around the port is 21 kilometres (13 miles).
  • Rail tracks total 302 kilometres (188 miles).
  • The port has 58 berths which are operated by more than 20 terminal operators.
  • Over 4,500 commercial vessels call at the port each year.

The port has recently been widened. The harbor entrance depth is now 19 metres (62 ft) in the approach channel decreasing to 16 metres within the harbour. The navigation width is now 220 metres (720 ft).

The port saw a drop of "5 per cent of the liner shipping services, 6.2 per cent of ship calls and 2.8 per cent of the deployed capacity" during the second quarter of 2020 due to the adverse impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic.[6] However, the maximum capacity of container ships calling at the port increased by 14.5 percent during the same time period.[6]

The 2022 World Bank Container Port Performance Index ranked Durban 341st out of the 348 ports surveyed.[7] In the 2023 report, the port slipped to 399th out of the 405 ports surveyed.[8]

Port facilities

[edit]
Aerial view of the container port

Berths

[edit]
  • Pier No. 1 Berth
  • Pier No. 2 Berth
  • Point and T-Jetty Berth
  • Cross Berth
  • Island View
  • Bluff Berth
  • Bayhead Berth
  • Maydon Wharf Berth

Car terminal

[edit]

Durban Car Terminal opened in 1998, with a capacity of 60,000 vehicles a year. In 2004 a 100-million-Rand expansion brought the number of bays to 6,500. This included a 380m bridge linking the terminal to the quayside, improving vessel turnaround time and improving security.

Cruise terminal

[edit]

MSC Cruises bases the MSC Musica in Durban from November to April every year. From the 2019/2020 Southern Africa cruise season MSC Cruises will be basing the newer MSC Orchestra in Durban.[9] Many other cruise ships pass through Durban every year, including some of the world's biggest, such as the RMS Queen Mary 2.

The tender to build the R215 million Durban Cruise Terminal was awarded to KwaZulu Cruise Terminal (Pty) Ltd which is 70% owned by MSC Cruises SA and 30% by Africa Armada Consortium. The terminal will be able to accommodate two cruise ships at any given time.[10]

[edit]

Naval Base Durban, situated on Salisbury Island, is part of the Port of Durban. Established during the Second World War, it was downgraded to a naval station in 2002. In 2012 a decision was made to renovate and expand the facilities back up to a full naval base to accommodate the South African Navy's offshore patrol flotilla.[11][12] In December 2015 it was redesignated a naval base. It is the home port of three Warrior-class interim offshore patrol vessels (formerly missile-armed fast attack craft) which will be replaced by a new patrol flotilla within four to five years.[13]

Expansion plans

[edit]

In April 2021, South African officials revealed a $7 billion modernization and expansion plan of the port facilities in order to increase efficiency and improve its standing as one of Africa's best and biggest ports.[14] The program is expected expand port capacity from 2.9 million TEU to more than 11 million TEU by 2031.[14]

The plan has been criticized by labour unions over not being consulted on the construction contracts, and warned that the government's intention to partner with the private sector to complete the expansion could lead to job losses for a highly indebted state-owned company.[15]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "UNLOCODE (ZA) - SOUTH AFRICA". service.unece.org. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Africa's ports: The bottleneck: New investment alone will not fix Africa's ports. Governments need to deal with pilfering officials, too". The Economist. 19 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  3. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ "Port Terminals 2019" (PDF). TransNet. 2019.
  5. ^ "halong bay cruise overnight". Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  6. ^ a b "COVID-19 and maritime transport: Impact and responses" (PDF). UNCTAD.
  7. ^ Bank, World. "The Container Port Performance Index 2022 : A Comparable Assessment of Performance Based on Vessel Time in Port". World Bank. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  8. ^ "Dead last among 405 ports – SA flies the CPPI rogues flag again". Freight News. 2024-06-05. Retrieved 2024-06-07.
  9. ^ "MSC Cruises to replace Musica with Orchestra for 2019/2020 South African cruise season -". cruise-arabia.com. 24 September 2018. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  10. ^ Shirley le Guern (2017-05-30). "Preferred bidder for R215m Durban cruise terminal finally selected". engineeringnews.co.za. Retrieved 2017-06-29.
  11. ^ Engelbrecht, Leon (2012-02-27). "Navy may upgrade Naval Station Durban". defenceWeb. Retrieved 2015-12-10.
  12. ^ Helfrich, Kim (2013-09-23). "Naval Base Durban still a way off". defenceWeb. Retrieved 2015-12-10.
  13. ^ Helfrich, Kim (2015-12-09). "Minister says it's Naval Base Durban, not Station". defenceWeb. Retrieved 2015-12-09.
  14. ^ a b "South Africa Unveils Expansion Plan for Port of Durban". The Maritime Executive. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  15. ^ "Unions express fear over R100bn Durban port expansion project". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
[edit]
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