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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Charadrius hiaticula tundrae Varanger.jpg
| image = Common ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) Oppdal.jpg
| image_caption = Adult[[File:Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula) (W1CDR0001530 BD2).ogg|thumb|center|Calls recorded in [[Norfolk]], England]]
| image_caption = Adult[[File:Ringed Plover (Charadrius hiaticula) (W1CDR0001530 BD2).ogg|thumb|center|Calls recorded in [[Norfolk]], England]]
| status = LC
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name =IUCN>{{cite journal | author = BirdLife International | year = 2016 | title = ''Charadrius hiaticula'' | journal = [[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume = 2016 | page = e.T22693759A86575756 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693759A86575756.en}} Downloaded on 15 January 2018.</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 18 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2019 |title=''Charadrius hiaticula'' |volume=2019 |page=e.T22693759A155487854 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22693759A155487854.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Charadrius hiaticula
| taxon = Charadrius hiaticula
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| range map = Charadrius hiaticula map.svg
| range_map = Charadrius hiaticula map.svg
}}
}}


The '''common ringed plover''' or '''ringed plover''' (''Charadrius hiaticula'') is a small [[plover]] that breeds in Arctic [[Eurasia]]. The genus name ''Charadrius'' is a [[Late Latin]] word for a yellowish bird mentioned in the fourth-century [[Vulgate]]. It derives from [[Ancient Greek]] ''kharadrios'' a bird found in ravines and river valleys (''kharadra'', "ravine"). The specific ''hiaticula'' is [[Latin]] and has a similar meaning to the Greek term, coming from ''hiatus'', "cleft" and ''-cola'', "dweller" (''colere'', "to dwell").<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=99, 191}}</ref>
The '''common ringed plover''' or '''ringed plover''' ('''''Charadrius hiaticula''''') is a small [[plover]] that breeds across much of northern [[Eurasia]], as well as [[Greenland]]. The genus name ''Charadrius'' is a [[Late Latin]] word for a yellowish bird mentioned in the fourth-century [[Vulgate]]. It derives from [[Ancient Greek]] ''kharadrios'' a bird found in ravines and river valleys (''kharadra'', "ravine"). The specific ''hiaticula'' is [[Latin]] and has a similar meaning to the Greek term, coming from ''hiatus'', "cleft" and ''-cola'', "dweller" (''colere'', "to dwell").<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n99 99], 191}}</ref>
[[File:Common ringed plover.webm|thumb|right|Common ringed plover foraging at the shoreline.]]
[[File:Common ringed plover.webm|thumb|right|Common ringed plover foraging at the shoreline.]]


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==Breeding, range and habitat==
==Breeding, range and habitat==
The common ringed plover's breeding habitat is open ground on beaches or flats across northern Eurasia and in Arctic northeast [[Canada]]. Some birds breed inland, and in western [[Europe]] they nest as far south as northern [[France]]. They nest on the ground in an open area with little or no plant growth.
The common ringed plover's breeding habitat is open ground on beaches or flats across northern [[Palearctic|Eurosiberia]] and in Arctic northeast [[Canada]]. Some birds breed inland, and in western [[Europe]] they nest as far south as northern [[France]]. They nest on the ground in an open area with little or no plant growth.


If a potential predator approaches the nest, the adult will walk away from the scrape, calling to attract the intruder and feigning a broken wing. Once the intruder is far enough from the nest, the plover flies off.
If a potential predator approaches the nest, the adult will walk away from the scrape, calling to attract the intruder and feigning a broken wing. Once the intruder is far enough from the nest, the plover flies off.


Common ringed plovers are [[bird migration|migratory]] and winter in coastal areas south to [[Africa]]. In Norway, geolocators have revealed that adult breeding birds migrate to West Africa.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lislevand, T. |author2=Briedis, M. | author3=Heggøy, O. |author4=Hahn, S. | year=2017| title=Seasonal migration strategies of Common Ringed Plovers ''Charadrius hiaticula''| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=225–229| url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ibi.12424/full| doi=10.1111/ibi.12424| issue=1}}</ref> Many birds in [[Great Britain]] and northern France are resident throughout the year.
Common ringed plovers are [[bird migration|migratory]] and winter in coastal areas south to [[Africa]]. In Norway, geolocators have revealed that adult breeding birds migrate to West Africa.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Lislevand, T. |author2=Briedis, M. | author3=Heggøy, O. |author4=Hahn, S. | year=2017| title=Seasonal migration strategies of Common Ringed Plovers ''Charadrius hiaticula''| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=225–229| doi=10.1111/ibi.12424| issue=1}}</ref> Many birds in [[Great Britain]] and northern France are resident throughout the year.


==Feeding==
==Feeding==
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* ''C. h. psammodroma'' – <small>[[Finn Salomonsen|Salomonsen]], 1930</small>: breeds in Iceland, Greenland, northeast Canada; winters in west Africa. It is intermediate in size and colour.
* ''C. h. psammodroma'' – <small>[[Finn Salomonsen|Salomonsen]], 1930</small>: breeds in Iceland, Greenland, northeast Canada; winters in west Africa. It is intermediate in size and colour.
* ''C. h. hiaticula'' – <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758</small>: breeds from temperate western Europe north to central Scandinavia; resident or short-distance migrant to southwest Europe. It is the largest and palest subspecies.
* ''C. h. hiaticula'' – <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758</small>: breeds from temperate western Europe north to central Scandinavia; resident or short-distance migrant to southwest Europe. It is the largest and palest subspecies.
* ''C. h. tundrae'' – <small>([[Percy Lowe|Lowe]], 1915)</small>: breeds in Arctic northern Scandinavia and Asia; winters in Africa and southwest Asia. It is the smallest and darkest subspecies.
* ''C. h. tundrae'' – <small>([[Percy Lowe|Lowe]], 1915)</small>: breeds in Arctic northern Scandinavia and Asiatic Russia; winters in Africa and southwest Asia. It is the smallest and darkest subspecies.


''C. h. hiaticula'' and ''C. h. tundrae'' are among the [[taxa]] to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
''C. h. hiaticula'' and ''C. h. tundrae'' are among the [[taxa]] to which the ''Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds'' ([[AEWA]]) applies.
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File:Charadrius hiaticula MHNT.jpg|Egg – [[MHNT]]
File:Charadrius hiaticula MHNT.jpg|Egg – [[MHNT]]
File:Ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) juvenile.jpg|Juvenile
File:Ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) juvenile.jpg|Juvenile
File:ringedplovjuly2008.jpg|Adult
File:Ringedplovjuly2008.jpg|Adult
File:Ringed plovers (Charadrius hiaticula) in flight.jpg|Flock in flight, with [[ruddy turnstone]]s
File:Ringed plovers (Charadrius hiaticula) in flight.jpg|Flock in flight, with [[ruddy turnstone]]s
File:Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.109.15.jpg|''Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula'' - [[MHNT]]
File:Sandlóuungi 122613 (cropped).jpg|''Charadrius hiaticula'' chick in Iceland
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
<!-- Micronesica38:221. -->
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=IOC>{{cite web |editor-last=Gill |editor-first=F. |editor2-last=Donsker |editor2-first=D. |year=2017 |title=IOC World Bird List (v 7.2) |url = http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/buttonquail/ |doi=10.14344/IOC.ML.7.2 | accessdate=10 July 2017}}</ref>
<ref name=IOC>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2019 | title=Grebes, flamingos, buttonquail, plovers, painted-snipes, jacanas, plains-wanderer, seedsnipes | work=World Bird List Version 9.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/grebes/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=26 June 2019 }}</ref>
}}
}}


== External links ==
==External links==
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305072802/http://aulaenred.ibercaja.es/wp-content/uploads/169_RingedPloverChiaticula.pdf Ageing and sexing (PDF; 3.9 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze]
{{Commons category|Charadrius hiaticula}}
{{Wikispecies|Charadrius hiaticula}}
⚫
* [http://aulaenred.ibercaja.es/wp-content/uploads/169_RingedPloverChiaticula.pdf Ageing and sexing (PDF; 3.9 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze]
* [http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/245.pdf Ringed plover species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds]
* [http://sabap2.adu.org.za/docs/sabap1/245.pdf Ringed plover species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds]
* {{BirdLife|22693759|Charadrius hiaticula}}
* {{BirdLife|22693759|Charadrius hiaticula}}
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q26816}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q26816}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:plover, ringed, common}}
[[Category:Charadrius|common ringed plover]]
[[Category:Charadrius|common ringed plover]]
[[Category:Birds of the British Isles]]
[[Category:Birds of Africa]]
⚫
[[Category:Birds of Europe]]
[[Category:Birds of Greenland]]
[[Category:Birds of Greenland]]
[[Category:Birds of Iceland]]
[[Category:Birds of Iceland]]
[[Category:Birds of Russia]]
[[Category:Birds of Russia]]
[[Category:Birds of Scandinavia]]
[[Category:Birds of Scandinavia]]
⚫
[[Category:Birds of Africa]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1758|common ringed plover]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1758|common ringed plover]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[Category:Holarctic birds]]

Latest revision as of 03:20, 16 July 2024

Common ringed plover
Adult
Calls recorded in Norfolk, England
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Charadriidae
Genus: Charadrius
Species:
C. hiaticula
Binomial name
Charadrius hiaticula

The common ringed plover or ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula) is a small plover that breeds across much of northern Eurasia, as well as Greenland. The genus name Charadrius is a Late Latin word for a yellowish bird mentioned in the fourth-century Vulgate. It derives from Ancient Greek kharadrios a bird found in ravines and river valleys (kharadra, "ravine"). The specific hiaticula is Latin and has a similar meaning to the Greek term, coming from hiatus, "cleft" and -cola, "dweller" (colere, "to dwell").[2]

Common ringed plover foraging at the shoreline.

Description

[edit]

Adults are 17–19.5 cm (6.7–7.7 in) in length with a 35–41 cm (14–16 in) wingspan. They have a grey-brown back and wings, a white belly, and a white breast with one black neckband. They have a brown cap, a white forehead, a black mask around the eyes and a short orange and black bill. The legs are orange and only the outer two toes are slightly webbed, unlike the slightly smaller but otherwise very similar semipalmated plover, which has all three toes slightly webbed, and also a marginally narrower breast band; it was in former times included in the present species. Juvenile ringed plovers are duller than the adults in colour, with an often incomplete grey-brown breast band, a dark bill and dull yellowish-grey legs.

This species differs from the smaller little ringed plover in leg colour, the head pattern, and the lack of an obvious yellow eye-ring.

Breeding, range and habitat

[edit]

The common ringed plover's breeding habitat is open ground on beaches or flats across northern Eurosiberia and in Arctic northeast Canada. Some birds breed inland, and in western Europe they nest as far south as northern France. They nest on the ground in an open area with little or no plant growth.

If a potential predator approaches the nest, the adult will walk away from the scrape, calling to attract the intruder and feigning a broken wing. Once the intruder is far enough from the nest, the plover flies off.

Common ringed plovers are migratory and winter in coastal areas south to Africa. In Norway, geolocators have revealed that adult breeding birds migrate to West Africa.[3] Many birds in Great Britain and northern France are resident throughout the year.

Feeding

[edit]

These birds forage for food on beaches, tidal flats and fields, usually by sight. They eat insects, crustaceans and worms.

Subspecies

[edit]

There are three weakly defined subspecies,[4] which vary slightly in size and mantle colour; they intergrade where their ranges meet:

  • C. h. psammodroma – Salomonsen, 1930: breeds in Iceland, Greenland, northeast Canada; winters in west Africa. It is intermediate in size and colour.
  • C. h. hiaticula – Linnaeus, 1758: breeds from temperate western Europe north to central Scandinavia; resident or short-distance migrant to southwest Europe. It is the largest and palest subspecies.
  • C. h. tundrae – (Lowe, 1915): breeds in Arctic northern Scandinavia and Asiatic Russia; winters in Africa and southwest Asia. It is the smallest and darkest subspecies.

C. h. hiaticula and C. h. tundrae are among the taxa to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.

[edit]
  • Mating behaviour
    Mating behaviour
  • Egg – MHNT
    Egg – MHNT
  • Juvenile
    Juvenile
  • Adult
    Adult
  • Flock in flight, with ruddy turnstones
    Flock in flight, with ruddy turnstones
  • Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula - MHNT
    Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula - MHNT
  • Charadrius hiaticula chick in Iceland
    Charadrius hiaticula chick in Iceland

References

[edit]
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2019). "Charadrius hiaticula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22693759A155487854. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22693759A155487854.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 99, 191. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. ^ Lislevand, T.; Briedis, M.; Heggøy, O.; Hahn, S. (2017). "Seasonal migration strategies of Common Ringed Plovers Charadrius hiaticula". Ibis. 159 (1): 225–229. doi:10.1111/ibi.12424.
  4. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Grebes, flamingos, buttonquail, plovers, painted-snipes, jacanas, plains-wanderer, seedsnipes". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
[edit]
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