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{{Short description|Brazilian think tank}}
{{Infobox institute
{{Infobox institute
|name = Instituto Millenium
|name = Instituto Millenium
Line 8: Line 9:
|latin_name =
|latin_name =
|motto =
|motto =
|founder = [[Patrícia Carlos de Andrade]]<br />[[Denis Lerrer Rosenfield|Denis Rosenfield]]
|founder = [[Patrícia Carlos de Andrade]]<br />
|established = 2005
|established = 2005
|mission =
|mission =
|focus = [[New Right]], [[Economics]]
|focus = [[New Right]], [[Economics]]
|president =
|president =
|chairman = Priscila Barbosa Pereira Pinto
|chairman =
|head_label = CEO
|head_label = CEO
|head =
|head =
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|country = Brazil
|country = Brazil
|coor =
|coor =
|website = {{URL|imil.org.br/}}
|website = {{URL|www.institutomillenium.org.br/}}
|dissolved =
|dissolved =
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}{{Liberalism in Brazil}}
}}
The '''Instituto Millenium''' ('''Millenium Institute'''), also known by the acronym '''Imil''' (or '''IMIL'''), is a [[Brazil|Brazilian]] "[[Think tank|advocacy think tank]]" based in [[Rio de Janeiro]]. It was created in 2005 by the [[economist]] [[Patrícia Carlos de Andrade]] and the [[Philosophy]] [[professor]] [[Denis Lerrer Rosenfield|Denis Rosenfield]], to disseminate a [[world view]] based on [[economic liberalism]] (or "[[New Right|modern right]]").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/artigos/revolucionando-a-agenda-politica-2/|title=Revolucionando a agenda política|last=Leis|first=Hector|language=Portuguese|date=2005-04-13|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> It has the support of large corporations and media groups, with the aim of influencing the Brazilian society through the diffusion of ideas of its representatives, experts and [[columnist]]s.<ref name="Leal">{{cite web|url=http://observatoriodaimprensa.com.br/news/view/_ed700_imprensa_sob_suspeita|title=Imprensa sob suspeita|last=Leal Filho|first=Laurindo Lalo|date=2012-06-26|language=Portuguese|publisher=[[Observatório da Imprensa]]|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
The '''Instituto Millenium''' ('''Millennium Institute'''), also known by the acronym '''Imil''' (or '''IMIL'''), is a Brazilian "[[Think tank|advocacy think tank]]" based in [[Rio de Janeiro]]. It was created in 2005 by the [[economist]] [[Patrícia Carlos de Andrade]] to disseminate a [[world view]] based on [[economic liberalism]] (or "[[New Right|modern right]]").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/artigos/revolucionando-a-agenda-politica-2/|title=Revolucionando a agenda política|last=Leis|first=Hector|language=Portuguese|date=2005-04-13|accessdate=2013-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193820/http://www.imil.org.br/artigos/revolucionando-a-agenda-politica-2/|archive-date=2016-03-03|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to [[Observatório da Imprensa]], it has the support of large corporations and media groups, with the aim of influencing the Brazilian society through the diffusion of ideas of its representatives, experts and [[columnist]]s.<ref name="Leal">{{cite web|url=http://observatoriodaimprensa.com.br/news/view/_ed700_imprensa_sob_suspeita|title=Imprensa sob suspeita|last=Leal Filho|first=Laurindo Lalo|date=2012-06-26|language=Portuguese|publisher=[[Observatório da Imprensa]]|accessdate=2013-10-26|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020104941/http://observatoriodaimprensa.com.br/news/view/_ed700_imprensa_sob_suspeita|archivedate=2013-10-20}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
The Instituto Millenium (Imil) was founded in 2005 as "Instituto de Estudos da Realidade Nacional" (''Institute for the Study of National Reality''), a name that curiously resembles the ''Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Nacional'' where [[Armand Mattelart]] was a professor-researcher at the [[Salvador Allende]]'s [[Socialism|socialist]] [[Chile]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.untag-smd.ac.id/files/Perpustakaan_Digital_2/POLITICAL%20ECONOMY%20International%20political%20economy%20and%20mass%20communication%20in%20Chile.pdf|title=International political economy and mass communication in Chile:
The Instituto Millenium (Imil) was founded in 2005 as "Instituto de Estudos da Realidade Nacional" (''Institute for the Study of National Reality''). In 2009, Imil became a ''Civil Society Organization of Public Interest'' (OSCIP), the equivalent of a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[501(c) organization|non-profit organization 501(c)(3)]].<ref name="Imil">{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/institucional/quem-somos/|title=Quem Somos|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2013-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211163135/http://www.imil.org.br/institucional/quem-somos/|archive-date=2009-02-11|url-status=dead}}</ref>
national intellectuals and transnational hegemony|last=Davies|first=Matt|format=pdf|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Press]]|year=1999|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> In 2009, Imil became a ''Civil Society Organization of Public Interest'' (OSCIP), the equivalent of a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[501(c) organization|non-profit organization 501(c)(3)]].<ref name="Imil">{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/institucional/quem-somos/|title=Quem Somos|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>


== Activities ==
== Activities ==
Imil discloses its [[world view]] through "seminars, conferences and meetings around the country, contact with the press and publishing daily analysis on the portal." Of course, the fact that it is sponsored by [[Media conglomerate|media groups]] makes this outreach work more easy.<ref name="Imil"/><ref name="Leal"/>
Imil discloses its [[world view]] through "seminars, conferences and meetings around the country, contact with the press and publishing daily analysis on the portal."


== Ideological linkage ==
== Ideological linkage ==
Officially, Imil declares itself as "unrelated to [[Political party|political parties]]." But its disclosed values ​​("[[individual freedom]], [[property rights]], [[market economy]], [[representative democracy]], [[rule of law]] and institutional limits to government action"),<ref name="Imil"/> attracts thinkers, politicians and personalities linked to a [[Conservatism|conservative]] ideological spectrum and to [[economic liberalism]]. Imil, however, do not assume itself as "liberal", since according to its founder, Patricia Carlos de Andrade, this word was incorrectly translated in Brazil as "[[Right-wing politics|rightist]]" or "supporter of [[military dictatorship]]s."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://exame.abril.com.br/rede-de-blogs/instituto-millenium/2009/06/03/conversa-com-patricia/|title=Conversa com Patrícia|language=Portuguese|last=Allan|first=Ricardo|publisher=Instituto Millenium|date=2009-06-01|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
Officially, Imil declares itself as "unrelated to [[Political party|political parties]]." and promotes values of "[[individual freedom]], [[property rights]], [[market economy]], [[representative democracy]], [[rule of law]] and institutional limits to government action".<ref name="Imil"/> Imil, however, do not assume itself as "liberal", since according to its founder, Patricia Carlos de Andrade, this word was incorrectly translated in Brazil as "[[Right-wing politics|rightist]]" or "supporter of [[military dictatorship]]s."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://exame.abril.com.br/rede-de-blogs/instituto-millenium/2009/06/03/conversa-com-patricia/|title=Conversa com Patrícia|language=Portuguese|last=Allan|first=Ricardo|publisher=Instituto Millenium|date=2009-06-01|accessdate=2013-10-26|archive-date=2013-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108172952/http://exame.abril.com.br/rede-de-blogs/instituto-millenium/2009/06/03/conversa-com-patricia/|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Imil aligns itself with similar institutions, Brazilian or international, linked to the [[Conservatism|conservative thought]]. Among them, are the ''Instituto Liberal'', ''Instituto Liberdade'', ''Instituto Ling'', ''Instituto de Estudos Empresariais'',<ref name="Parceiros">{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/parceiros/|title=Mantenedores e Parceiros|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> the [[Chile|Chilean]] network ''Latinoamerica Libre''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latinoamericalibre.org/enlaces/|title=Latinoamerica Libre - Enlaces|publisher=Latinoamerica Libre|language=Spanish|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> and the global [[Atlas Economic Research Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://atlasnetwork.org/public_html/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/68141.1_CC-ATLAS_web.pdf|title=Directory|publisher=[[Atlas Economic Research Foundation]]|format=pdf|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
Imil aligns itself with similar institutions, Brazilian or international, among them, are the ''Instituto Liberal'', ''Instituto Liberdade'', ''Instituto Ling'', ''Instituto de Estudos Empresariais'',<ref name="Parceiros">{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/parceiros/|title=Mantenedores e Parceiros|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2013-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218224032/http://www.imil.org.br/parceiros/|archive-date=2011-12-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> the [[Chile]]an network ''Latinoamerica Libre''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latinoamericalibre.org/enlaces/|title=Latinoamerica Libre - Enlaces|publisher=Latinoamerica Libre|language=Spanish|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> and the global [[Atlas Economic Research Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://atlasnetwork.org/public_html/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/68141.1_CC-ATLAS_web.pdf|title=Directory|publisher=[[Atlas Economic Research Foundation]]|format=pdf|accessdate=2013-10-26|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505144919/http://atlasnetwork.org/public_html/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/68141.1_CC-ATLAS_web.pdf|archivedate=2012-05-05}}</ref>


Thinkers and writers identified with the [[political right]] are also among the founders, experts and regular contributors to Imil. Among them, [[Rodrigo Constantino]], [[Reinaldo Azevedo]], [[Olavo de Carvalho]], [[Demétrio Magnoli]], [[Marcelo Madureira]] and the [[Cuban dissident movement|anti-Castro]] [[Cuba|Cuban]] [[Blog|blogger]] [[Yoani Sánchez]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/categoria/especialistas/|title=Especialistas|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
Thinkers and writers identified with the [[political right]] are also among the founders, experts and regular contributors to Imil. Among them, [[Rodrigo Constantino]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fang|first=Lee|last2=|first2=|date=|title=Sphere of Influence: How American Libertarians Are Remaking Latin American Politics|url=https://theintercept.com/2017/08/09/atlas-network-alejandro-chafuen-libertarian-think-tank-latin-america-brazil/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-08|website=The Intercept|language=en}}</ref>


== Funding and structure ==
== Funding and structure ==
By becoming an OSCIP, Imil became eligible to "receive [[income tax]] deductible donations from legal persons up to 2%."<ref name="Imil"/> Among his supporters, partners and sponsors are media companies like [[Grupo Abril]] (''[[Veja (magazine)|Veja]]'' and ''[[Exame (magazine)|Exame]]'' magazines) [[O Estado de S. Paulo|OESP Group]] (''[[O Estado de São Paulo]]'') and [[Grupo RBS|RBS Group]] (affiliated to [[Rede Globo]] in [[southern Brazil]]), the second largest private university in Brazil ([[Estácio Universities|Estácio de Sá]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://globenewswire.com/news-release/2012/08/08/277643/10001435/en/Estacio-University-Realizes-Significant-Annual-Savings-with-Informatica.html|title=Estacio University Realizes Significant Annual Savings with Informatica|publisher=Informatica Corporation|date=2012-08-08|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> the [[American Chamber of Commerce]] (''AmCham Rio''), industrial conglomerates ([[Gerdau|Gerdau Group]] and [[Suzano]]), [[service companies]] (''Localiza Rent A Car''), [[insurance companies]] (''Porto Seguro''), and [[Financial institution|financial corporations]] such as [[Bank of America Merrill Lynch]].<ref name="Parceiros"/> The institute also accepts donations from individuals.<ref name="Imil"/>
By becoming an OSCIP, Imil became eligible to "receive [[income tax]] deductible donations from legal persons up to 2%."<ref name="Imil"/> Among his supporters, partners and sponsors are media companies like [[Grupo Abril]] (''[[Veja (magazine)|Veja]]'' and ''[[Exame (magazine)|Exame]]'' magazines) [[O Estado de S. Paulo|OESP Group]] (''[[O Estado de S. Paulo]]'') and [[Grupo RBS|RBS Group]] (affiliated to [[Rede Globo]] in [[southern Brazil]]), the second largest private university in Brazil ([[Estácio Universities|Estácio de Sá]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://globenewswire.com/news-release/2012/08/08/277643/10001435/en/Estacio-University-Realizes-Significant-Annual-Savings-with-Informatica.html|title=Estacio University Realizes Significant Annual Savings with Informatica|publisher=[[Informatica]]|date=2012-08-08|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> the [[American Chamber of Commerce]] (''AmCham Rio''), industrial conglomerates ([[Gerdau|Gerdau Group]] and [[Suzano]]), [[Service (economics)|service companies]] (''Localiza Rent A Car''), [[insurance companies]] (''Porto Seguro''), and [[Financial institution|financial corporations]] such as [[Bank of America Merrill Lynch]].<ref name="Parceiros"/> The institute also accepts donations from individuals.<ref name="Imil"/>


== Related personalities ==
== Related personalities ==
Line 53: Line 53:
* [[Arminio Fraga]] (former [[Governor]] of the [[Central Bank of Brazil]])
* [[Arminio Fraga]] (former [[Governor]] of the [[Central Bank of Brazil]])
* [[Gustavo Franco]] (former [[Governor]] of the Central Bank of Brazil)
* [[Gustavo Franco]] (former [[Governor]] of the Central Bank of Brazil)
* [[Ives Gandra]] (jurist and [[Tax law|tax lawyer]]}
* [[Ives Gandra]] (jurist and [[tax law]]yer)
* [[João Roberto Marinho]] (vice president of [[Globo Organizations]])
* [[João Roberto Marinho]] (vice president of [[Globo Organizations]])
* [[Jorge Gerdau Johannpeter]] (chairman of the [[Gerdau|Gerdau Group]])
* [[Jorge Gerdau Johannpeter]] (chairman of the [[Gerdau|Gerdau Group]])
Line 61: Line 61:
* [[Ricardo Diniz]] (vice president of [[Bank of America Merrill Lynch]] Brazil)
* [[Ricardo Diniz]] (vice president of [[Bank of America Merrill Lynch]] Brazil)


The late [[Roberto Civita]], [[Grupo Abril]]'s chairman, was also one of the counselors of the Instituto Millenium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/blog/roberto-civita-multiplicidade-de-vozes-fundamental/|title=A multiplicidade de vozes é fundamental|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|date=2013-05-27|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>
The late [[Roberto Civita]], [[Grupo Abril]]'s chairman, was also one of the counselors of the Instituto Millenium.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imil.org.br/blog/roberto-civita-multiplicidade-de-vozes-fundamental/|title=A multiplicidade de vozes é fundamental|publisher=Instituto Millenium|language=Portuguese|date=2013-05-27|accessdate=2013-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190546/http://www.imil.org.br/blog/roberto-civita-multiplicidade-de-vozes-fundamental/|archive-date=2013-10-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
Imil has been pointed out by representatives of the [[Left-wing politics|left media]] and scholars, as the successor of the [[Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Sociais|IPES]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cutter.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000447225|title=O conservadorismo em construção: o Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Sociais (IPES) e as reformas financeiras da ditadura militar (1961-1966)|publisher=[[UNICAMP]]|last=Briso Neto|first=Joaquim Luiz Pereira|language=Portuguese|year=2008|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> and [[Instituto Brasileiro de Ação Democrática|IBAD]] think tanks,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.marilia.unesp.br/revistas/index.php/aurora/article/view/2351/1912|title=Complexo IPES/IBAD, 44 Anos Depois: Instituto Millenium?|publisher=[[Universidade Estadual Paulista|UNESP]]|last=Pastore|first=Bruna||format=pdf|language=Portuguese|year=2012|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> which have played a leading role in the creation of an ideological environment conducive to [[1964 Brazilian coup d'état|overthrow the democratically elected government]] of [[President of Brazil|President]] [[João Goulart]] in 1964.<ref name="Leal"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cartacapital.com.br/destaques_carta_capital/saudades-de-1964/|title=Saudades de 1964|publisher=[[CartaCapital]]|last=Fortes|first=Leandro|language=Portuguese|date=2012-12-07|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> One of the supporters of IBAD was the [[Carioca]] newspaper "[[O Globo]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cpdoc.fgv.br/producao/dossies/Jango/artigos/NaPresidenciaRepublica/O_Instituto_Brasileiro_de_Acao_Democratica|title=O Instituto Brasileiro de Ação Democrática - IBAD|last=Jalles de Paula|first=Christiane|publisher=[[Fundação Getúlio Vargas]]|language=Portuguese|year=2012|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> In 2013, in an [[editorial]] that sparked little interest,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/en/ombudsman/2013/09/1339179-ghosts-from-the-past.shtml|title=Ghosts from the Past|last=Singer|first=Suzana|publisher=[[Folha de S. Paulo]]|date=2013-09-09|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref> the newspaper admitted for the first time that it had supported the establishment of the [[military dictatorship]] in Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oglobo.globo.com/pais/apoio-editorial-ao-golpe-de-64-foi-um-erro-9771604|title=Apoio editorial ao golpe de 64 foi um erro|publisher=[[O Globo]]|language=Portuguese|date=2013-08-31|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2013/sep/09/brazil-newspapers|title=Brazilian media group apologises for supporting military dictatorship|last=Greenslade|first=Roy|authorlink=Roy Greenslade|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|date=2013-09-09|accessdate=2013-10-26}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.imil.org.br/about-us/ Instituto Millenium - About Us]
* [http://www.imil.org.br/about-us/ Instituto Millenium - About Us]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Millenium, Instituto}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Millenium, Instituto}}
[[Category:Conservatism in Brazil]]
[[Category:Conservatism in Brazil]]
[[Category:Economic liberalism]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Rio de Janeiro (city)]]
[[Category:Non-profit organisations based in Brazil]]
[[Category:Non-profit organisations based in Brazil]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 2005]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 2005]]
[[Category:Right-libertarianism]]

Latest revision as of 14:20, 17 July 2024

Instituto Millenium
FoundersPatrícia Carlos de Andrade
Established2005
FocusNew Right, Economics
Key peopleGustavo Franco
Rodrigo Constantino
BudgetRevenue (2012): $524,391
Expenses (2012): $494,330[1][2]
Location, ,
Brazil
Websitewww.institutomillenium.org.br

The Instituto Millenium (Millennium Institute), also known by the acronym Imil (or IMIL), is a Brazilian "advocacy think tank" based in Rio de Janeiro. It was created in 2005 by the economist Patrícia Carlos de Andrade to disseminate a world view based on economic liberalism (or "modern right").[3] According to Observatório da Imprensa, it has the support of large corporations and media groups, with the aim of influencing the Brazilian society through the diffusion of ideas of its representatives, experts and columnists.[4]

History

[edit]

The Instituto Millenium (Imil) was founded in 2005 as "Instituto de Estudos da Realidade Nacional" (Institute for the Study of National Reality). In 2009, Imil became a Civil Society Organization of Public Interest (OSCIP), the equivalent of a U.S. non-profit organization 501(c)(3).[5]

Activities

[edit]

Imil discloses its world view through "seminars, conferences and meetings around the country, contact with the press and publishing daily analysis on the portal."

Ideological linkage

[edit]

Officially, Imil declares itself as "unrelated to political parties." and promotes values of "individual freedom, property rights, market economy, representative democracy, rule of law and institutional limits to government action".[5] Imil, however, do not assume itself as "liberal", since according to its founder, Patricia Carlos de Andrade, this word was incorrectly translated in Brazil as "rightist" or "supporter of military dictatorships."[6]

Imil aligns itself with similar institutions, Brazilian or international, among them, are the Instituto Liberal, Instituto Liberdade, Instituto Ling, Instituto de Estudos Empresariais,[7] the Chilean network Latinoamerica Libre[8] and the global Atlas Economic Research Foundation.[9]

Thinkers and writers identified with the political right are also among the founders, experts and regular contributors to Imil. Among them, Rodrigo Constantino.[10]

Funding and structure

[edit]

By becoming an OSCIP, Imil became eligible to "receive income tax deductible donations from legal persons up to 2%."[5] Among his supporters, partners and sponsors are media companies like Grupo Abril (Veja and Exame magazines) OESP Group (O Estado de S. Paulo) and RBS Group (affiliated to Rede Globo in southern Brazil), the second largest private university in Brazil (Estácio de Sá),[11] the American Chamber of Commerce (AmCham Rio), industrial conglomerates (Gerdau Group and Suzano), service companies (Localiza Rent A Car), insurance companies (Porto Seguro), and financial corporations such as Bank of America Merrill Lynch.[7] The institute also accepts donations from individuals.[5]

[edit]

Among other notable sponsors and partners, the Imil features the following personalities of the Brazilian business, cultural, and journalistic scenes:[5]

The late Roberto Civita, Grupo Abril's chairman, was also one of the counselors of the Instituto Millenium.[12]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Prestação de Contas" (in Portuguese). Instituto Millenium. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  2. ^ "Dólar Comercial 2012" (in Portuguese). TI-Ideal. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  3. ^ Leis, Hector (2005-04-13). "Revolucionando a agenda política" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  4. ^ Leal Filho, Laurindo Lalo (2012-06-26). "Imprensa sob suspeita" (in Portuguese). Observatório da Imprensa. Archived from the original on 2013-10-20. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Quem Somos" (in Portuguese). Instituto Millenium. Archived from the original on 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  6. ^ Allan, Ricardo (2009-06-01). "Conversa com Patrícia" (in Portuguese). Instituto Millenium. Archived from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  7. ^ a b "Mantenedores e Parceiros" (in Portuguese). Instituto Millenium. Archived from the original on 2011-12-18. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  8. ^ "Latinoamerica Libre - Enlaces" (in Spanish). Latinoamerica Libre. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  9. ^ "Directory" (PDF). Atlas Economic Research Foundation. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2012-05-05. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  10. ^ Fang, Lee. "Sphere of Influence: How American Libertarians Are Remaking Latin American Politics". The Intercept. Retrieved 2020-11-08.
  11. ^ "Estacio University Realizes Significant Annual Savings with Informatica". Informatica. 2012-08-08. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  12. ^ "A multiplicidade de vozes é fundamental" (in Portuguese). Instituto Millenium. 2013-05-27. Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
[edit]