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{{Short description|Water Margin character}}
{{Water Margin character infobox
{{Water Margin character infobox
|Name = Fan Rui
|Name = Fan Rui
|Nickname = "Demon King of Chaos"<br>(混世魔王)
|Nickname = "Demon King of Chaos"<br>混世魔王
|Image = Utagawa Kuniyoshi - 水滸傳 - 樊瑞.jpg
⚫
|Aliases =
⚫
|Rank = 61st, ''Correct'' Star (地然星) of the 72 Earthly Fiends
|Image =
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|Caption =
|Caption = Fan Rui
|Allegiance = Liangshan
|Allegiance = Liangshan
⚫
|Aliases =
⚫
|Rank = 61st, ''Correct'' Star (地然星) of the 72 Earthly Fiends
|Designation = Infantry leader
|Designation = Infantry leader
|Origin = Bandit leader from Mount Mangdang
|Origin = Bandit leader
|Hometown = Puzhou (in present-day [[Chongqing]])
|Hometown = Puzhou (around present-day [[Juancheng County]], [[Shandong]])
|First appearance = Chapter 60
|First appearance = Chapter 60
|Weapon = Chain spiked mace (流星槌)
|Weapon = Netherworld Demon King Sword (冥界魔王劍)<br>Dark Chain Spiked Mace (暗黑流星錘)
|Simp = 樊瑞
|Simp = 樊瑞
|Trad = 樊瑞
|Trad = 樊瑞
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|Other =
|Other =
}}
}}
{{Chinese-name|[[Fan (surname)|Fan]]}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Fan (surname)|Fan]]|lang=Chinese}}

'''Fan Rui''' is a fictional character in the ''[[Water Margin]]'', one of the [[Four Great Classical Novels]] of [[Chinese literature]]. He ranks 61st of the 108 Liangshan heroes and 25th of the 72 Earthly Fiends. He is nicknamed "Demon King of Chaos".
'''Fan Rui''' is a fictional character in ''[[Water Margin]]'', one of the [[Four Great Classical Novels]] in [[Chinese literature]]. Nicknamed "Demon King of Chaos", he ranks 61st among the [[108 Stars of Destiny]] and 25th among the 72 Earthly Fiends.


==Background==
==Background==
Fan Rui is a native of Puzhou (in present-day [[Chongqing]]). He has untidy black hair and dons a suit of armour over his silk robe. Fan Rui excels in martial arts and wields a chain spiked mace in combat, presenting a fearsome image to his enemies. Besides being a powerful warrior, Fan Rui is also a master of [[Taoism|Taoist]] sorcery. He can control elements of the weather and subdue various demons. He is thus nicknamed "Demon King of Chaos".
Fan Rui, a native of Puzhou (濮州; around present-day [[Juancheng County]], [[Shandong]]), is fearsome-looking with untidy hair. In battles he dons armour over a silk robe and fights with a sword called "Netherworld Demon King Sword" ({{lang|zh-Hant|冥界魔王劍}}) and a mace called "Dark Chain-Swinging Spiked Mace" ({{lang|zh|暗黑流星錘}}). He can manipulate the weather and conjure strong winds with Taoist sorcery, which earns him the nickname "Demon King of Chaos".


Fan Rui becomes the leader of a group of bandits on Mount Mangdang (near present-day [[Pei County]], [[Xuzhou]]). He is flanked by his deputies, [[Xiang Chong (Water Margin)|Xiang Chong]] and [[Li Gun]], and they have an army of 3,000 bandits under their command. They rob the rich to help the poor, attack corrupt government officials and uphold justice.
With [[Xiang Chong (Water Margin)|Xiang Chong]] and [[Li Gun]] as his sidekicks, Fan Rui leads a 3,000-strong outlaw band at Mount Mangdang (芒碭山; north of present-day [[Yongcheng]], [[Henan]]).


==Joining Liangshan==
== Joining Liangshan ==
The three bandit leaders claim that they will conquer [[Mount Liang|Liangshan Marsh]] one day, provoking the outlaws from Liangshan to attack them. [[Shi Jin]] of Liangshan leads the vanguard army to attack Mount Mangdang, but loses the first battle against Fan Rui's forces, and manages to escape only when reinforcements arrive.
The three chiefs of Mount Mangdang have been boasting about wiping out the [[Mount Liang|Liangshan]] stronghold. Their bragging angers Liangshan, which sends [[Shi Jin]] to subdue them. But Shi cannot not hold up against the assaults of Xiang Chong and Li Gun, who bears down on his men with speed and ferocity, causing heavy casualties. [[Song Jiang]] arrives with reinforcement.


The next day, [[Gongsun Sheng]] deploys the Liangshan troops in the [[Eight Trigrams Formation]] to counter Fan Rui. Fan Rui uses magic to darken the sky and conjure a sandstorm to throw the enemy into confusion. He orders Xiang Chong and Li Gun to lead 500 men to break the formation. Gongsun Sheng engages Fan Rui in a battle of magic powers and defeats him. Both Xiang Chong and Li Gun are captured in the formation and Fan Rui escapes in a frenzy.
The following day, when both sides face off again, [[Gongsun Sheng]] arrays the Liangshan troops in the pattern of the [[Eight Trigrams Formation]]. Fan Rui, who knows sorcery, assists Xiang Chong and Li Gun in their attack by unsettling the other side with blasting winds and flying pebbles. But Gongsun engulfs Xiang and Li in darkness, trapping them in the formation and driving them into a pit. Meanwhile, Song Jiang's forces swarming forward, beating Fan back to his base.


Song Jiang treats Xiang Chong and Li Gun with respect and succeeds in persuading them to join the Liangshan cause of "delivering justice on Heaven's behalf". Xiang Chong and Li Gun are touched and they return to Mount Mangdang and persuade Fan Rui to join Liangshan as well. Fan Rui becomes Gongsun Sheng's apprentice and learns Taoist magic from him.
[[Song Jiang]] treats the two captives with respect and convinces them to join Liangshan. The two return to Mount Mangdang and successfully help to recruit Fan Rui. As Fan admires Gongsun Sheng's prowess in sorcery, he asks the latter to teach him his craft as well as the right path of Taoism. His wish is granted.


==Campaigns==
==Campaigns==
Fan Rui becomes one of the leaders of the Liangshan infantry after the Grand Assembly. He follows the heroes on their campaigns against the [[Liao Dynasty|Liao]] invaders and rebel forces after they have been granted amnesty by the [[Emperor Huizong of Song|emperor]]. During the [[Tian Hu]] campaign, Fan Rui challenges Tian's magician, Qiao Daoqing, to a battle but he is no match for Qiao and faces defeat. Qiao Daoqing is overcome by Gongsun Sheng later.
Fan Rui is appointed as one of the leaders of the Liangshan infantry after the [[108 Stars of Destiny]] comes together in what is called the Grand Assembly. He participates in the campaigns against the [[Liao dynasty|Liao]] invaders and rebel forces in [[Song dynasty|Song]] territory following amnesty from [[Emperor Huizong of Song|Emperor Huizong]] for Liangshan.


In the expedition against [[Tian Hu]], Fan Rui contests with Qiao Daoqing in sorcery and is beaten. His teacher Gongsun Sheng comes to his aid and defeats Qiao, thus sealing the fall of Tian Hu.
Fan Rui is one of the few lucky survivors of Liangshan after the [[Fang La]] campaign. He is unwilling to take up any official post offered to him by the emperor in recognition of his contributions. Instead, he follows Gongsun Sheng and [[Zhu Wu]] to study Taoism for the rest of his days.

Fan Rui is one of the few Liangshan heroes who survives the campaigns. Although awarded an official post, he declines it and chooses to continue Taoist training under Gongsun Sheng as a recluse together with [[Zhu Wu]].


==References==
==References==
* {{cite book|last=Buck|first=Pearl S.|author-link=Pearl S. Buck|title=All Men are Brothers|year=2006|publisher=Moyer Bell|isbn=9781559213035}}
⚫
* {{zh icon}} Li, Mengxia. ''108 Heroes from the Water Margin'', page 123. EPB Publishers Pte Ltd, 1992. ISBN 9971-0-0252-3.
* {{cite book|last=Miyazaki|first=Ichisada|title=Suikoden: Kyoko no naka no Shijitsu|year=1993|publisher=Chuo Koronsha|isbn=978-4122020559|language=ja|author-link=Ichisada Miyazaki}}
* [[Pearl S. Buck|Buck, Pearl]]. ''All Men are Brothers''. Moyer Bell Ltd, 2006. ISBN 9781559213035.
* {{cite web|last=Keffer|first=David|title=Outlaws of the Marsh: A Somewhat Less Than Critical Commentary|website=Poison Pie Publishing House|url=http://www.poisonpie.com/words/others/somewhat/outlaws/index.html|access-date=19 December 2016}}
⚫
* Zhang, Lin Ching. ''Biographies of Characters in Water Margin''. Writers Publishing House, 2009. ISBN 978-7506344784.
⚫
* {{cite book|last=Li|first=Mengxia|title=108 Heroes from the Water Margin|year=1992|publisher=EPB Publishers|isbn=9971-0-0252-3|language=zh|page=123}}
⚫
* Shibusawa, Kou. ''Bandit Kings of Ancient China'', pages 89–90 and 98–99. KOEI, 1989.
* {{cite web|last=Miyamoto|first=Yoko|title=Water Margin: Chinese Robin Hood and His Bandits|website=Demystifying Confucianism|date=2011|url=http://www.demystifyingconfucianism.info/water-margin|access-date=19 December 2016|archive-date=28 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128200627/http://www.demystifyingconfucianism.info/water-margin|url-status=dead}}
* {{jp icon}} Ichisada, Miyazaki. ''Suikoden: Kyoko no naka no Shijitsu''. Chuo Koronsha, 1993. ISBN 978-4122020559.
⚫
* {{citation|last=Shibusawa|first=Kou|title=[[Bandit Kings of Ancient China]]|publisher=Koei|date=1989|pages=89–90, 98–99}}
* Miyamotois, Yoko. ''[http://www.demystifyingconfucianism.info/water-margin Water Margin: Chinese Robin Hood and His Bandits]''.
⚫
* {{cite book|last=Zhang|first=Lin Ching|title=Biographies of Characters in Water Margin|year=2009|publisher=Writers Publishing House|isbn=978-7506344784}}
* Keffer, David. ''[http://www.poisonpie.com/words/others/somewhat/outlaws/index.html Outlaws of the Marsh]''.


==External links==
* {{zh icon}} [http://baike.baidu.com/view/152968.htm 百度百科]

{{ChineseText}}
{{Water Margin characters}}
{{Water Margin characters}}


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[[Category:72 Earthly Fiends]]
[[Category:72 Earthly Fiends]]
[[Category:Fictional characters who use magic]]
[[Category:Fictional characters who use magic]]
[[Category:Fictional characters from Shandong]]

[[ja:樊瑞]]
[[zh:樊瑞]]

Latest revision as of 18:28, 21 July 2024

Fan Rui
Water Margin character
Fan Rui
First appearanceChapter 60
Nickname"Demon King of Chaos"
混世魔王
Rank61st, Correct Star (地然星) of the 72 Earthly Fiends
Infantry leader of Liangshan
OriginBandit leader
Ancestral home / Place of originPuzhou (around present-day Juancheng County, Shandong)
WeaponNetherworld Demon King Sword (冥界魔王劍)
Dark Chain Spiked Mace (暗黑流星錘)
Names
Simplified Chinese樊瑞
Traditional Chinese樊瑞
PinyinFán Ruì
Wade–GilesFan Jui
In this Chinese name, the family name is Fan.

Fan Rui is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Demon King of Chaos", he ranks 61st among the 108 Stars of Destiny and 25th among the 72 Earthly Fiends.

Background

[edit]

Fan Rui, a native of Puzhou (濮州; around present-day Juancheng County, Shandong), is fearsome-looking with untidy hair. In battles he dons armour over a silk robe and fights with a sword called "Netherworld Demon King Sword" (冥界魔王劍) and a mace called "Dark Chain-Swinging Spiked Mace" (暗黑流星錘). He can manipulate the weather and conjure strong winds with Taoist sorcery, which earns him the nickname "Demon King of Chaos".

With Xiang Chong and Li Gun as his sidekicks, Fan Rui leads a 3,000-strong outlaw band at Mount Mangdang (芒碭山; north of present-day Yongcheng, Henan).

Joining Liangshan

[edit]

The three chiefs of Mount Mangdang have been boasting about wiping out the Liangshan stronghold. Their bragging angers Liangshan, which sends Shi Jin to subdue them. But Shi cannot not hold up against the assaults of Xiang Chong and Li Gun, who bears down on his men with speed and ferocity, causing heavy casualties. Song Jiang arrives with reinforcement.

The following day, when both sides face off again, Gongsun Sheng arrays the Liangshan troops in the pattern of the Eight Trigrams Formation. Fan Rui, who knows sorcery, assists Xiang Chong and Li Gun in their attack by unsettling the other side with blasting winds and flying pebbles. But Gongsun engulfs Xiang and Li in darkness, trapping them in the formation and driving them into a pit. Meanwhile, Song Jiang's forces swarming forward, beating Fan back to his base.

Song Jiang treats the two captives with respect and convinces them to join Liangshan. The two return to Mount Mangdang and successfully help to recruit Fan Rui. As Fan admires Gongsun Sheng's prowess in sorcery, he asks the latter to teach him his craft as well as the right path of Taoism. His wish is granted.

Campaigns

[edit]

Fan Rui is appointed as one of the leaders of the Liangshan infantry after the 108 Stars of Destiny comes together in what is called the Grand Assembly. He participates in the campaigns against the Liao invaders and rebel forces in Song territory following amnesty from Emperor Huizong for Liangshan.

In the expedition against Tian Hu, Fan Rui contests with Qiao Daoqing in sorcery and is beaten. His teacher Gongsun Sheng comes to his aid and defeats Qiao, thus sealing the fall of Tian Hu.

Fan Rui is one of the few Liangshan heroes who survives the campaigns. Although awarded an official post, he declines it and chooses to continue Taoist training under Gongsun Sheng as a recluse together with Zhu Wu.

References

[edit]
  • Buck, Pearl S. (2006). All Men are Brothers. Moyer Bell. ISBN 9781559213035.
  • Miyazaki, Ichisada (1993). Suikoden: Kyoko no naka no Shijitsu (in Japanese). Chuo Koronsha. ISBN 978-4122020559.
  • Keffer, David. "Outlaws of the Marsh: A Somewhat Less Than Critical Commentary". Poison Pie Publishing House. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  • Li, Mengxia (1992). 108 Heroes from the Water Margin (in Chinese). EPB Publishers. p. 123. ISBN 9971-0-0252-3.
  • Miyamoto, Yoko (2011). "Water Margin: Chinese Robin Hood and His Bandits". Demystifying Confucianism. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  • Shibusawa, Kou (1989), Bandit Kings of Ancient China, Koei, pp. 89–90, 98–99
  • Zhang, Lin Ching (2009). Biographies of Characters in Water Margin. Writers Publishing House. ISBN 978-7506344784.
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