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{{Short description|British artist (1851–1914)}}

{{distinguish|text=[[Edward Hughes (artist)|Edward Hughes]] (1832–1908), who specialised in portrait painting}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox artist
[[File:Edward Robert Hughes - Midsummer Eve (1908c).jpg|thumb|''Midsummer Eve'', c. 1908]]
| name = Edward Robert Hughes
| image = Edward Robert Hughes.png|266x266px
| caption = Hughes in 1870
| alt = Black-and-white photo of Hughes in a coat
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1851|11|5}}
| birth_place = [[Clerkenwell]], London, U.K.
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1914|4|23|1851|11|5}}
| death_place = [[St Albans]], Hertfordshire, U.K.
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| field = [[oil paintings|oil painting]]
|years_active =
| movement = [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood|Pre-Raphaelitism]]
| works =
| patrons =
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Mary MacDonald|1874|end=death|1878}}
* {{marriage|Emily Eliza Davies|1883|end=death|1914}}
}}
| training = [[Heatherley School of Fine Art|Heatherleys]]<br>[[Royal Academy Schools]]<br>[[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] (uncle)<br>[[William Holman Hunt]]<br>[[Arthur Foord Hughes]]<br>[[George MacDonald]]
| partner =
| children =
| family = William Arthur Hughes (nephew)
| awards =
}}


[[File:Edward Robert Hughes - Midsummer Eve (1908c).jpg|thumb|''Midsummer Eve'', c. 1908|344x344px]]
'''Edward Robert Hughes''' {{Post-nominals|post-noms=[[Royal Watercolour Society|RWS]]}} (5 November 1851 – 23 April 1914) was an English painter who worked prominently in [[watercolour]]s, but also produced a number of significant [[oil paintings]]. He was influenced by his uncle and eminent artist, [[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] who was associated with the [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood]], and worked closely with one of the Brotherhood's founders, [[William Holman Hunt]].

'''Edward Robert Hughes''' {{Post-nominals|post-noms=[[Royal Watercolour Society|RWS]]}} (5 November 1851 – 23 April 1914) was a British painter, who primarily worked in watercolours, but also produced a number of [[oil paintings]]. He was influenced by his uncle and artist, [[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] who was associated with the [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood]], and worked closely with one of the Brotherhood's founders, [[William Holman Hunt]].


==Work==
==Work==
Having settled on his career choice, Edward Robert Hughes attended [[Heatherley's]] in London to prepare himself for the chance of auditioning for the [[Royal Academy of Arts|Royal Academy School]].<ref name=Osborne2010>{{cite thesis|last=Osborne|first=Victoria Jean|title=A British Symbolist in Pre-Raphaelite circles : Edward Robert Hughes RWS|date=2010|type=M.Phil.|url=http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1465/|oclc=729577738}}</ref>{{rp|11}} Hughes became a student at the Royal Academy School in 1868. While [[Pre-Raphaelitism]] played an influential part in shaping Hughes work, [[Aestheticism]] is also seen in his paintings.
Having settled on his career choice, Edward Robert Hughes attended [[Heatherley School of Fine Art|Heatherleys]] in London to prepare himself for the chance of entering the [[Royal Academy Schools]].<ref name=Osborne2010>{{cite thesis|last=Osborne|first=Victoria Jean|title=A British Symbolist in Pre-Raphaelite circles : Edward Robert Hughes RWS|date=2010|type=M.Phil.|url=http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1465/|oclc=729577738}}</ref>{{rp|11}} Hughes became a student at the Royal Academy School in 1868. While [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood|Pre-Raphaelitism]] played an influential part in shaping Hughes work, [[Aestheticism]] is also seen in his paintings.


E. R. Hughes is best known for his fantastical watercolours such as ''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Midsummer Eve (1908c).jpg|Midsummer Eve]]'' and ''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Night with her Train of Stars - Google Art Project.jpg|Night with her Train of Stars]]'', yet initially he built a career as a portrait painter to the upper classes.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|17}}[[File:HuntShallotlarge.jpg|thumb|left|Holman Hunt's ''Lady of Shalott'', 1889-1892, with the assistance of Hughes.|225x225px]]In addition to being an artist himself, E. R. Hughes was also a studio assistant to the elder artist and Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood founding member [[William Holman Hunt]]. In later life Hunt suffered from glaucoma, and Hughes made a substantial contribution to a number of Hunt's paintings.<ref name="Osborne2010" />{{rp|30}} Two of the paintings that Hughes worked on with Hunt were ''[[The Light of the World (painting)|The Light of the World]],'' which is displayed in [[St Paul's Cathedral]], and ''The Lady of Shalott'', which is exhibited at the [[Wadsworth Atheneum]].
E.R.Hughes is widely known for his works ''Midsummer Eve'' and ''Night With Her Train of Stars'' yet he built a career as a portrait painter to the upper classes.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|17}}


On his own he experimented with techniques and was a perfectionist; he did studies for many of his paintings, some of which turned out to be good enough for exhibition.
In addition to being an accomplished artist himself, E.R.Hughes was also a studio assistant to the elder artist and Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood founding member [[William Holman Hunt]]. In later life Hunt suffered from glaucoma and Hughes made a substantial contribution to a number of Hunt's paintings.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|30}} Two of the paintings that Hughes worked on with Hunt were ''[[The Light of the World (painting)|The Light of the World]],'' which is displayed in [[St Paul's Cathedral]], and ''The Lady of Shalott'', which is exhibited at the [[Wadsworth Atheneum]].
[[File:Edward Robert Hughes - Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie).jpg|thumb|''Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie)'', c. 1902|320x320px]]

Hughes held several important offices within the artistic community over his lifetime, such as becoming a member of the [[Art Workers Guild]] in 1888, and was on their committee from 1895 to 1897.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|21}} He was elected to Associate Membership of the [[Royal Watercolour Society]] (ARWS) on 18 February 1891, and he chose as his diploma work for election to full membership a mystical piece ([[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Oh, co je v te dire.jpg|Oh, What's That in the Hollow?]]) inspired by a verse by [[Christina Rossetti]] entitled ''Amor Mundi''.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|23}} His painting ''A Witch'' was given by the Royal Watercolour Society to King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra to mark the [[Coronation of Edward VII and Alexandra|coronation in 1902]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/450134/a-witch|title=Royal Collection Trust: A Witch, by Edward R Hughes}}</ref> This work is based on his illustration entitled ''The Demon transporting Isabella to Ortodosia'' in W. G. Waters's ''The Italian Novelists'' published in 1901.<ref>{{cite book|first=William George|last=Waters|title=The Italian novelists|date=1901|volume=3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/italiannovelists03wateiala/page/10 10]-11|url=https://archive.org/details/italiannovelists03wateiala}}</ref> In later years Hughes served as the Vice-President of the RWS before leaving in 1903.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|29}}Throughout his career, E. R. Hughes exhibited his works in several galleries around London: [[Dudley Museum and Art Gallery|Dudley Gallery]], [[Grosvenor Gallery]], [[New Gallery (London)|New Gallery]], [[Royal Academy of Arts|The Royal Academy]], and toward the end of his career he exhibited with The Royal Society of Painters in Water Colours (RWS).<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|1}}
On his own he experimented with ambitious techniques and was a perfectionist; he did numerous studies for many of his paintings, some of which turned out to be good enough for exhibition.
[[File:HuntShallotlarge.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Holman Hunt's ''Lady of Shalott'', 1889-1892, with the assistance of Hughes.]]
Hughes held several important offices within the artistic community over his lifetime such as becoming a member of the [[Art Workers Guild]] in 1888, and was on their committee from 1895 to 1897.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|21}} He was elected to Associate Membership of [[Royal Watercolour Society|The Royal Water Colour Society]] (ARWS) on 18 February 1891, and he chose as his diploma work for election to full membership a mystical piece ([[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Oh, co je v te dire.jpg|Oh, What's That in the Hollow?]]) inspired by a verse by [[Christina Rossetti]] entitled ''Amor Mundi''.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|23}} His painting ''A Witch'' was given by the Royal Watercolour Society to King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra to mark the coronation in 1902.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/450134/a-witch|title=Royal Collection Trust: A Witch, by Edward R Hughes}}</ref> This work is based on his illustration entitled ''The Demon transporting Isabella to Ortodosia'' in W.G. Waters ''The Italian Novelists'' published in 1901.<ref>{{cite book|first=William George|last=Waters|title=The Italian novelists|date=1901|volume=3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/italiannovelists03wateiala/page/10 10]-11|url=https://archive.org/details/italiannovelists03wateiala}}</ref> In later years Hughes served as the Vice-President of the RWS before leaving in 1903.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|29}}Throughout his career, E.R.Hughes exhibited his works in several galleries around London: [[Dudley Museum and Art Gallery|Dudley Gallery]], [[Grosvenor Gallery]], [[New Gallery (London)|New Gallery]], [[Royal Academy of Arts|The Royal Academy]], and toward the end of his career he exhibited with The Royal Society of Painters in Water Colours (RWS).<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|1}}


His works can be seen in public collections including [[Cartwright Hall]], [[Bradford]], [[Cambridge & County Folk Museum]], [[Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery]], [[Bruce Castle Museum]], [[Kensington Central Library]], [[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]], the [[Ashmolean Museum]], [[Oxford]], the [[Harris Museum|Harris Museum & Art Gallery]], Preston, and the [[National Trust for Scotland]].
His works can be seen in public collections including [[Cartwright Hall]], [[Bradford]], [[Cambridge & County Folk Museum]], [[Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery]], [[Bruce Castle Museum]], [[Kensington Central Library]], [[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]], the [[Ashmolean Museum]], [[Oxford]], the [[Harris Museum|Harris Museum & Art Gallery]], Preston, and the [[National Trust for Scotland]].


[[Birmingham Museums Trust]] staged a retrospective exhibition, ''Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes'', from 17 October 2015 to 21 February 2016 at [[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]].<ref name="BMAG">{{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/bmag/whats-on/enchanted-dreams-the-pre-raphaelite-art-of-edward-robert-hughes | title=Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes | publisher=[[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]] | accessdate=6 March 2016 | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306095153/http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/bmag/whats-on/enchanted-dreams-the-pre-raphaelite-art-of-edward-robert-hughes | archivedate=6 March 2016 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
[[Birmingham Museums Trust]] staged a retrospective exhibition, ''Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes'', from 17 October 2015 to 21 February 2016 at [[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]].<ref name="BMAG">{{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/bmag/whats-on/enchanted-dreams-the-pre-raphaelite-art-of-edward-robert-hughes | title=Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes | publisher=[[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]] | access-date=6 March 2016 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306095153/http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/bmag/whats-on/enchanted-dreams-the-pre-raphaelite-art-of-edward-robert-hughes | archive-date=6 March 2016 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
{{clear}}
His auction record is $866,500 for [[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie).jpg|Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie)]], set at Sotheby's (New York) on 22 October 2009.<ref>[https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2009/19th-century-european-art-including-important-british-paintings-n08580/lot.37.html?locale=en 19th Century European Art, Sotheby's, October 2009]</ref>


His auction record is $866,500 (£522,366) for ''Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie)'', sold at Sotheby's (New York) on 22 October 2009.<ref>[https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2009/19th-century-european-art-including-important-british-paintings-n08580/lot.37.html?locale=en 19th Century European Art, Sotheby's, October 2009]</ref>
==Family Life==

E.R. Hughes (known to his family as "Ted") was born in [[Clerkenwell]], London, in 1851 to Edward Hughes Snr. and Harriet Foord. He had one brother, William Arthur Hughes, who was two years younger than him, became a frame maker (gilder) and by 1891 a photographer. During the 1860s he lived for a time with his uncle [[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] and his family which included his son [[Arthur Foord Hughes]], also an artist.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|10}} In 1874 Hughes became engaged to Mary MacDonald, the daughter of the writer [[George MacDonald]]. Unfortunately Mary died four years later. In 1883 Hughes married Emily Eliza Davies.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|17}} In 1913 they moved to [[St Albans]], Hertfordshire, where he was later stricken with [[appendicitis]]. He died after surgery on 23 April 1914 in his home (no. 3 Romeland). The marriage did not produce any offspring.
==Family life==
E. R. Hughes (known to his family as "Ted") was born in [[Clerkenwell]], London, in 1851 to Edward Hughes Snr. and Harriet Foord. He had one brother, William Arthur Hughes, who was two years younger than him, became a frame maker (gilder), and by 1891 a photographer. During the 1860s he lived for a time with his uncle [[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] and his family, which included his son [[Arthur Foord Hughes]], also an artist.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|10}} In 1874 Hughes became engaged to Mary MacDonald, the daughter of the writer [[George MacDonald]]. Unfortunately Mary died four years later. In 1883 Hughes married Emily Eliza Davies.<ref name=Osborne2010/>{{rp|17}} In 1913 they moved to [[St Albans]], Hertfordshire, where he was later stricken with [[appendicitis]]. He died after surgery on 23 April 1914 in his home (no. 3 Romeland). The marriage did not produce any offspring.


== List of works ==
== List of works ==
{{Main|List of works by Edward Robert Hughes}}


==Gallery==
*''The Spinet'' (1870), Watercolour
<gallery widths="200" heights="180" mode="packed-hover">
*''[[:File:Evensong.jpg|Evensong]]'' (1871), Private Collection, Watercolour
*''Hushed Music'' (1871), Oil
*''[[:File:A rainy Sunday - Edward Robert Hughes.jpg|A rainy Sunday]] '' (1872), Private Collection, Watercolour
*''[[:Image:Edward_Robert_Hughes_-_Sabbath_Morn.jpg |Sabbath Morn]]'' (1872), Private Collection, Oil
*''[[:File:Caroline Hill (E.R. Hughes).jpg|Caroline Hill]]'' (1873) [[Bruce Castle]] Museum, London, Oil
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-mrs-cecelia-bowen-summers.jpg|Mrs Cecelia Bowen-Summers]]'' (1874)
*''[[:File:Gray hill.jpg|Gray Hill]]'' (1874) [[Bruce Castle]] Museum, London, Oil
*''[[:File:BrotherSister.jpg|The Picture Book aka A Brother and Sister seated before a Hearth]]'' (1875), Private Collection, Oil
*''[[:File:A Young Beauty - Edward Robert Hughes.jpg|A Young Beauty]]'' (1875), Private Collection, Oil
*''[[:File:Basket of oranges.jpg|A Basket of Oranges aka George Mackay Macdonald]]''(1878), [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]], USA, Watercolour
*''[[:File:Landscape with Trees.jpg|Landscape with Trees]]'' (1880), [[Kensington Central Library]], Oil
*''Miss Frances Georgina Mitford'' (1880), Watercolour
*''[[:File:Portrait of a Lady (1883).jpg|Portrait of a Lady]]'' (1883), Chalk
*''[[:File:Mildred.jpg|Mildred]]'' (1885), Chalk
*''Robert'' (1885), Chalk
*''Henriette Imrie Beausire'' (1887), Chalk drawing
*''[[:File:Nora Janet Beausire.jpg|Nora Janet Beausire]]'' (1887), Chalk drawing
*''[[:File:BDFreeman.jpg|Bell and Dorothy Freeman]] '' (1889), [[Geffrye Museum]], London, Watercolour
*''[[:File:Pack Clouds Away and Welcome Day - E. R. Hughes.jpg|Pack Clouds Away and Welcome Day]]'' (1890), Watercolour
*''In the Corner Chair'' (1891), Private Collection, Chalk
*''The careless Shepherd'' (1892)
*''Dealing with the Fairies'' (1892), Private Collection
*''Mrs Douglas Arden'' (1892)
*''The Poet Gringoire'' (1892)
*''Fra Lippo Lippi'' (1893), Watercolour
*''[[:File:Fra lippo lippi.jpg|Study for a Picture aka Fra Lippo Lippi]]'' (1893), [[Williamson Art Gallery and Museum]], Birkenhead, Drawing
*''Biancabella e Samaritana aka Biancabella and Samaritana, her Snake Sister'' (1894)
*''[[:File:Portrait child.jpg|Portrait of a Child with a Chair]]'' (1894), Chalk
*'' [[:Image:William_Holman_Hunt_by_E.R._Hughes.jpg |William Holman Hunt]]'' (c.1894), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Bertucciova nevesta (1895).jpg|Betruccio's Bride]]'' (1895), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Elaine blunt.jpg|Elaine Blunt]]'' (1895), Chalk
*''[[:File:Portrait of a Man (1895).jpg|Portrait of a Man]]'' (1895), Chalk
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Oh, co je v te dire.jpg|Oh, What's That in the Hollow?]]'' (c.1895), [[Royal Watercolour Society]], Watercolour
*''[[:File:The Shrew Katherina (Hughes).jpg|The Shrew Katherina]]'' (1896), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Hilda Virtue Tebbs.jpg|Hilda Virtue Tebbs]]'' (1897)
*''Margaret Webster'' (1897), Chalk
*''[[:File:Men in the Park (1897).jpg|Men in the Park]]'' (1897)
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Diana's Maidens, 1898.jpg|Diana's Maidens aka A Coward]]'' (1898), Private Collection, Watercolour
*''[[:File:Lewis f day.jpg|Lewis F. Day]]'' (1900)
*''[[:File:Twixt.jpg|Twixt Hope and Fear]]'' (c.1900), Oil
*''[[:File:Womandog Hughes.jpg|Woman walking her Dog aka The Transformation of Callisto]]'' (c. 1900), Watercolour
*''Gwendolen Freeman'' (1901)
*''[[:File:Dorothea.jpg|Dorothea]]'' (1901), Pencil
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Princezna za skolou.jpg|The Princess out of School]]''(c.1901), [[National Gallery of Victoria]], Melbourne, Australia, Watercolour
*''[[:File:A Witch.jpg|A Witch]]'' (1902), [[Royal Collection]], Watercolour
*''[[:File:Margaret Ellinor Morse.jpg|Margaret Ellinor Morse]] '' (1902), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie).jpg|Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie)]]'' (c.1902), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-portrait-of-anthony-freeman.jpg|Anthony Freeman]]'' (1903), Watercolour
*''The lesser Light'' (1904)
*''Dusky Night'' (1905), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Wings of the Morning.jpg|Wings of the Morning]]'' (1905), Private Collection, Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Alph.jpg|Alphonse Legros]]'' (c.1905), [[Harvard Art Museums]], Cambridge, USA
*''[[:File:Edward% 20Robert% 20Hughes-Dick% 20the% 20Shepherd1448380954.jpg|''Dick the Shepherd'']] (1906)
*''The Mantilla''(1906)
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-portrait-of-orazio-cervi-(study).jpg|Orazio Cervi]]'' (1906)
*''[[:File:The Valkyrie's Vigil.jpg|The Valkyrie's Vigil]]'' (1906), Private Collection
*''[[:File:William Callow.jpg|William Callow]]'' (c.1906), [[National Portrait Gallery, London]]
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Srdce snehu.jpg|Heart of Snow]]''(1907)
*''[[:File:Monna_giovanna.jpg |Monna Giovanna]]'' (1907), Watercolour
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - All that I Saw at the Wedding.jpg|All that I Saw at the Wedding aka Bridesmaid]]'' (1908), [[Harris Museum]], Preston, Watercolour
*''[[:File:Avery Colebrook as a Boy.jpg|Avery Colebrook as a Boy]]'' (1908), Pastel
*''[[:File:Elderly Lady.jpg|Portrait of an elderly Lady]]'' (1908), Chalk
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Midsummer Eve (1908c).jpg|Midsummer Eve]]'' (c.1908), Private Collection
*''[[:File:The Grass of Parnassus.jpg|The Grass of Parnassus]]'' (1909)
*''[[:File:ER Hughes Young Girl.jpg|Head Study of a Young Girl]]'' (1909), Private Collection
*''[[:File:Journeys end.jpg|The Journey's End]]'' (c.1910), Private Collection, Watercolour
*''Waxing Moon'' (1910), Watercolour
*''[[:File:Radiant moon.jpg|Radiant Moon]]'' (1910), Private Collection, Watercolour
*''Waning Moon'' (1910), Watercolour
*''Shrouded Moon'' (1910), Watercolour
*''Christopher Garnett'' (1911)
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Fantazie za soumraku (1911).jpg|Summer Fantasy]]'' (1911)
*''Study of a Head'' (1911), Private Collection
*''[[:File:The-weary-moon-edward-robert-hughes.jpg|Weary Moon]]'' (1911), Watercolour
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Fantazie za soumraku (1911).jpg|Twilight Fantasies]]'' (1911)
*''[[:File:Blondel's Quest.jpg|Blondel's Quest]]'' (1912), [[Ashmolean Museum]], Oxford, Watercolour
*''[[:File:H3241-L146778427 (2).jpg|Marion Fry Pease]]'' (1912), Pastel
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Night with her Train of Stars - Google Art Project.jpg|Night with her Train of Stars]]'' (1912), [[Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery]], Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Byram's Tryst.jpg|Byram's Tryst]]'', Oil
*''[[:File:Hughes-Clark.jpg|Charles Edward Leith-Hay Clark]]'', [[Leith Hall]], [[Kennethmont]], Oil
*''[[:File:Day.jpg|Day]]'', Private Collection, Watercolour
*''[[:File:Daydreams.jpg|Daydreams]]''
*''Dayspring''
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-portrait-head-of-elsie-bibby.jpg|Elsie Bibby]]''
*''[[:File:The Expulsion.jpg|The Expulsion]]'', [[Cartwright Hall]], Bradford
*''[[:File:Fisher Lane by Great Bridge, Cambridge.jpg|Fisher Lane by Great Bridge, Cambridge]]'', [[Museum of Cambridge]], Oil
*''[[:File:E.R.Hughes.jpg|In Dreams]]''
*''Isle of the Stormy Capes, Iona'', Watercolour
*''[[:File:John Mackenzie (E R Hughes).jpg| John Mackenzie- A Cuillin Guide]]'', Chalk
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-portrait-of-margaret-webster.jpg|Margaret Webster]]''
*''[[:File:Milkmaid- E.R.Hughes.jpg|Milkmaid in front of a Landscape]]'', Oil
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-making-music.jpg|Making Music]]''
*''A Mediterranean Landscape'', Oil
*''A misty River'', Oil
*''[[:File:Edward Robert Hughes - Noc.jpg|Night]]'', Private Collection, Watercolour
*''[[:File:The Nymph Callisto.jpg|The Nymph Callisto]]'', Watercolour
*''[[:File: An Old Stump in Epping Forest.jpg|An Old Stump in Epping Forest]]'', Oil
*''[[:File:E.R. Hughes Orlando.jpg|Orlando]]'', Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Pipesmoker.jpg|The Pipe Smoker]]'', Chalk
*''[[:File:Princess out of school ink.jpg| Princess out of School]]'', Pencil and Ink
*''Returning Home'' , Oil
*''[[:File:E.R. Hughes - Rosalind.jpg|Portrait of Rosalind]]'', Private Collection
*''[[:File:Royal Procession - E.R.Hughes.jpg|Royal Procession]]'', Knohl Collection, USA, Oil
*''The Shepherd Boy'', Oil
*''[[:File:Edward-robert-hughes-study-of-a-young-tennis-player.jpg|Study of a young Tennis Player]]'', Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Tithe-in-kind-edward-robert-hughes-1347994117 b.jpg|Tithe in Kind]]'', Watercolour
*''[[:File:Trees at Twilight.jpg|Trees at Twilight]]'', Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Viking Norbury.jpg|A Viking, Portrait of Harold Norbury]]'', Mixed Media
*''[[:File:Woman in a Shawl.jpg|Woman in a Shawl]]'', Mixed Media
*''[[:File:With the wind.jpg|With the Wind]]'', Private Collection, Pastel
*''[[:File:Young Child.png|A young Child]]'', Chalk

==Selected paintings==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="245px">
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Bertucciova nevesta (1895).jpg|''Bertuccio's Bride''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Bertucciova nevesta (1895).jpg|''Bertuccio's Bride''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Srdce snehu.jpg|''Heart of Snow''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Srdce snehu.jpg|''Heart of Snow''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Idle Tears.jpg|''Idle Tears''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Idle Tears.jpg|''Idle Tears''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Night with her Train of Stars - Google Art Project.jpg|''Night with her Train of Stars''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Night with her Train of Stars - Google Art Project.jpg|''Night with her Train of Stars''
File:Pack Clouds Away and Welcome Day - E. R. Hughes.jpg|''Pack Clouds Away and Welcome Day''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Sabbath Morn.jpg|''Sabbath Morn''
File:Edward Robert Hughes - Sabbath Morn.jpg|''Sabbath Morn''
File:The Shrew Katherina (Hughes).jpg|''The Shrew Katherina''
File:The Shrew Katherina (Hughes).jpg|''The Shrew Katherina''
Line 153: Line 67:
File:The Valkyrie's Vigil.jpg|''The Valkyrie's Vigil''.
File:The Valkyrie's Vigil.jpg|''The Valkyrie's Vigil''.
File:William Holman Hunt by E.R. Hughes.jpg|''William Holman Hunt''
File:William Holman Hunt by E.R. Hughes.jpg|''William Holman Hunt''
File:A Witch.jpg|''Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie)''
File:A Young Beauty - Edward Robert Hughes.jpg|''A Young Beauty''
File:A Young Beauty - Edward Robert Hughes.jpg|''A Young Beauty''
</gallery>
</gallery>
Line 168: Line 81:


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons cat|Edward Robert Hughes}}
{{commons category|Edward Robert Hughes}}
* {{Find a Grave|135634091}}
* {{Find a Grave|135634091}}
* [http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1465/1/Osborne10MPhil_A1b.pdf A British Symbolist In Pre-Raphaelite Circles: Edward Robert Hughes RWS (1851–1914) MPhil Thesis] by Victoria Osborne
* [http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1465/1/Osborne10MPhil_A1b.pdf A British Symbolist In Pre-Raphaelite Circles: Edward Robert Hughes RWS (1851–1914) MPhil Thesis] by Victoria Osborne
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Latest revision as of 07:54, 22 July 2024

Not to be confused with Edward Hughes (1832–1908), who specialised in portrait painting.

Edward Robert Hughes
Black-and-white photo of Hughes in a coat
Hughes in 1870
Born(1851-11-05)5 November 1851
Clerkenwell, London, U.K.
Died23 April 1914(1914-04-23) (aged 62)
St Albans, Hertfordshire, U.K.
EducationHeatherleys
Royal Academy Schools
Arthur Hughes (uncle)
William Holman Hunt
Arthur Foord Hughes
George MacDonald
Known foroil painting
MovementPre-Raphaelitism
Spouses
Mary MacDonald
​
​
(m. 1874; death 1878)​
Emily Eliza Davies
​
​
(m. 1883; death 1914)​
FamilyWilliam Arthur Hughes (nephew)
Midsummer Eve, c. 1908

Edward Robert Hughes RWS (5 November 1851 – 23 April 1914) was a British painter, who primarily worked in watercolours, but also produced a number of oil paintings. He was influenced by his uncle and artist, Arthur Hughes who was associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, and worked closely with one of the Brotherhood's founders, William Holman Hunt.

Work

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Having settled on his career choice, Edward Robert Hughes attended Heatherleys in London to prepare himself for the chance of entering the Royal Academy Schools.[1]: 11  Hughes became a student at the Royal Academy School in 1868. While Pre-Raphaelitism played an influential part in shaping Hughes work, Aestheticism is also seen in his paintings.

E. R. Hughes is best known for his fantastical watercolours such as Midsummer Eve and Night with her Train of Stars, yet initially he built a career as a portrait painter to the upper classes.[1]: 17 

Holman Hunt's Lady of Shalott, 1889-1892, with the assistance of Hughes.

In addition to being an artist himself, E. R. Hughes was also a studio assistant to the elder artist and Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood founding member William Holman Hunt. In later life Hunt suffered from glaucoma, and Hughes made a substantial contribution to a number of Hunt's paintings.[1]: 30  Two of the paintings that Hughes worked on with Hunt were The Light of the World, which is displayed in St Paul's Cathedral, and The Lady of Shalott, which is exhibited at the Wadsworth Atheneum.

On his own he experimented with techniques and was a perfectionist; he did studies for many of his paintings, some of which turned out to be good enough for exhibition.

Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie), c. 1902

Hughes held several important offices within the artistic community over his lifetime, such as becoming a member of the Art Workers Guild in 1888, and was on their committee from 1895 to 1897.[1]: 21  He was elected to Associate Membership of the Royal Watercolour Society (ARWS) on 18 February 1891, and he chose as his diploma work for election to full membership a mystical piece (Oh, What's That in the Hollow?) inspired by a verse by Christina Rossetti entitled Amor Mundi.[1]: 23  His painting A Witch was given by the Royal Watercolour Society to King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra to mark the coronation in 1902.[2] This work is based on his illustration entitled The Demon transporting Isabella to Ortodosia in W. G. Waters's The Italian Novelists published in 1901.[3] In later years Hughes served as the Vice-President of the RWS before leaving in 1903.[1]: 29 Throughout his career, E. R. Hughes exhibited his works in several galleries around London: Dudley Gallery, Grosvenor Gallery, New Gallery, The Royal Academy, and toward the end of his career he exhibited with The Royal Society of Painters in Water Colours (RWS).[1]: 1 

His works can be seen in public collections including Cartwright Hall, Bradford, Cambridge & County Folk Museum, Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery, Bruce Castle Museum, Kensington Central Library, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, the Harris Museum & Art Gallery, Preston, and the National Trust for Scotland.

Birmingham Museums Trust staged a retrospective exhibition, Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes, from 17 October 2015 to 21 February 2016 at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery.[4]

His auction record is $866,500 (£522,366) for Dream Idyll (A Valkyrie), sold at Sotheby's (New York) on 22 October 2009.[5]

Family life

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E. R. Hughes (known to his family as "Ted") was born in Clerkenwell, London, in 1851 to Edward Hughes Snr. and Harriet Foord. He had one brother, William Arthur Hughes, who was two years younger than him, became a frame maker (gilder), and by 1891 a photographer. During the 1860s he lived for a time with his uncle Arthur Hughes and his family, which included his son Arthur Foord Hughes, also an artist.[1]: 10  In 1874 Hughes became engaged to Mary MacDonald, the daughter of the writer George MacDonald. Unfortunately Mary died four years later. In 1883 Hughes married Emily Eliza Davies.[1]: 17  In 1913 they moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire, where he was later stricken with appendicitis. He died after surgery on 23 April 1914 in his home (no. 3 Romeland). The marriage did not produce any offspring.

List of works

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Main article: List of works by Edward Robert Hughes
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  • Bertuccio's Bride
    Bertuccio's Bride
  • Heart of Snow
    Heart of Snow
  • Idle Tears
    Idle Tears
  • Night with her Train of Stars
    Night with her Train of Stars
  • Sabbath Morn
    Sabbath Morn
  • The Shrew Katherina
    The Shrew Katherina
  • Summer Fantasy.
    Summer Fantasy.
  • The Valkyrie's Vigil.
    The Valkyrie's Vigil.
  • William Holman Hunt
    William Holman Hunt
  • A Young Beauty
    A Young Beauty

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Osborne, Victoria Jean (2010). A British Symbolist in Pre-Raphaelite circles : Edward Robert Hughes RWS (M.Phil.). OCLC 729577738.
  2. ^ "Royal Collection Trust: A Witch, by Edward R Hughes".
  3. ^ Waters, William George (1901). The Italian novelists. Vol. 3. pp. 10-11.
  4. ^ "Enchanted Dreams: The Pre-Raphaelite Art of E.R. Hughes". Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  5. ^ 19th Century European Art, Sotheby's, October 2009

Bibliography

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edward Robert Hughes.
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