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{{Short description|Belarusian Hasidic dynasty}}
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[[File:Synagogue, Slonim.jpg|thumb|250px|Derelict synagogue in Slonim]]

{{Infobox religious group
| group = Slonim Hasidic Dynasty
| flag =
| flag_size =
| flag_alt =
| flag_caption =
| image = Synagogue, Slonim.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| image_alt =
⚫
| image_caption = Derelict synagogue in Slonim
| population = <!-- Total population here -->
| founder = [[Rabbi]] [[Avraham Weinberg (first Slonimer rebbe)|Avraham Weinberg]]
| regions = [[Israel]], [[United States]], [[United Kingdom]], [[Belgium]], [[Australia]], [[Canada]]
| tablehdr =
| region1 = Israel
| pop1 = <!-- Population in Israel here -->
| ref1 =
| region2 = United States
| pop2 = <!-- Population in the United States here -->
| ref2 =
| religions = [[Hasidic Judaism]]
| scriptures =
| languages =
| related-c =
| website =
| notes =
}}

'''Slonim''' is a [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] [[List of Hasidic dynasties|dynasty]] originating in the town of [[Slonim]], which is now in [[Belarus]].
'''Slonim''' is a [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] [[List of Hasidic dynasties|dynasty]] originating in the town of [[Slonim]], which is now in [[Belarus]].
Today, there are two Slonimer factions. Slonim, based in [[Jerusalem]], and the Slonim community in [[Bnei Brak]]. They are two distinct groups today, and have many differences between them.
Today, there are two Slonimer [[Rebbe]]s, both in [[Israel]]: One resides in [[Jerusalem]], and the other in [[Bnei Brak]]. Colloquially, the Jerusalem side is called the "White" (''Veissa'') side, and the Bnei Brak side is called the "Black" (''Shvartza''). When Slonim Hasidim split into separate factions, the leader of one, Rabbi Sholom Noach Berezovsky, had a white beard, and the leader of the other, Rabbi Avraham Weinberg, had a black beard.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ed. Berenbaum|first1=Michael|last2=Skolnik|first2=Fred|title=Encyclopaedia Judaica|date=2007|publisher=Keter Publishing House (Macmillan Reference)|location=Detroit, MI|isbn=978-0-02-865928-2|page=677|edition=2nd|url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX2587518716&v=2.1&u=imcpl1111&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=52cc9cdca8d96ab25634cc7c99ecc866}}</ref> The factions are distinguished by different Hebrew spellings, the Jerusalem group being known as סלונים and the Bnei Brak group being known as סלאנים. They are two distinct groups today, and have many differences between them.


The first [[Rebbe]] of Slonim, Rabbi Avraham Weinberg (1804–1883), was the author of ''Yesod HaAvodah''. In 1873, he sent a group of his grandchildren and other Hasidim to settle in [[History of Palestine#Ottoman era|Ottoman Palestine]]; they set up their community in [[Tiberias]]. Almost all of the Slonimer Hasidim in Europe perished at the hands of the [[Nazism|Nazis]] in the [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]]. The present-day Slonimer community was rebuilt from the Slonimer Hasidim who had settled in Israel.
The first [[Rebbe]] of Slonim, Rabbi Avraham Weinberg (1804–1883), was the author of ''Yesod HaAvodah''.<ref name=Yesod1892>{{citation
|url=https://www.virtualjudaica.com/Listing/Details/860759/Yesod-haAvodah-R-Abraham-Weinberg-of-Slonim-Warsaw-1892
|title=Yesod ha-Avodah, R. Abraham Weinberg of Slonim, Warsaw 1892
|access-date=August 25, 2022}}</ref> In 1873, he sent a group of his grandchildren and other Hasidim to settle in [[History of Palestine#Ottoman period|Ottoman Palestine]]; they set up their community in [[Tiberias]]. Almost all of the Slonimer Hasidim in Europe perished at the hands of the [[Nazism|Nazis]] in the [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]]. The present-day Slonimer community was rebuilt from the Slonimer Hasidim who had settled in Israel.


==Outline of Slonimer dynasty==
==Outline of Slonimer dynasty==
Line 13: Line 45:
:* Rabbi [[Dovber of Mezeritch|Dov Ber]], the [[Maggid]] (Preacher) of [[Mezhirichi|Mezeritch]], disciple of the Baal Shem Tov
:* Rabbi [[Dovber of Mezeritch|Dov Ber]], the [[Maggid]] (Preacher) of [[Mezhirichi|Mezeritch]], disciple of the Baal Shem Tov
::* Rabbi [[Aharon of Karlin (I)|Aaron Hagodol]] of [[Karlin (Hasidic dynasty)|Karlin]], [[Apprenticeship|disciple]] of the Maggid
::* Rabbi [[Aharon of Karlin (I)|Aaron Hagodol]] of [[Karlin (Hasidic dynasty)|Karlin]], [[Apprenticeship|disciple]] of the Maggid
::: Rabbi Shlomo of Karlin, disciple of the Maggid and of Rabbi Aaron Hagodol of Karlin
::: Rabbi [[Solomon of Karlin|Shlomo of Karlin]], disciple of the Maggid and of Rabbi Aaron Hagodol of Karlin
:::* Rabbi Mordechai of [[Lyaokhovich|Lechovitch]], disciple of Rabbi Shlomo of Karlin
:::* Rabbi [[Mordechai of Lechovitch]], disciple of Rabbi Shlomo of Karlin
::::* Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch, son of Rabbi Mordechai
::::* Rabbi [[Noach of Lechovitch|Noah of Lechovitch]], son of Rabbi Mordechai
:::::* Rabbi Moshe of [[Kobryn|Kobrin]] (1784 - 1858), disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch
:::::* Rabbi Moshe of [[Kobryn|Kobrin]] (1784 - 1858), disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch
:::::: Rabbi '''Avraham''' of Slonim (1804 - 11 Cheshvan 1883),disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch and Rabbi Moshe of Kobrin, and first Rebbe of Slonim
:::::: Rabbi '''Avraham''' of Slonim (1804 - 11 Cheshvan 1883), disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch and Rabbi Moshe of Kobrin, and first Rebbe of Slonim


===Lineage of Slonimer Rebbes===
===Lineage of Slonimer Rebbes===
Line 32: Line 64:
::::* Rabbi '''Mordechai Chaim''' of Slonim-Tiberias, grandson of the ''Yesod HaAvodah''{{'s}} brother, disciple of the ''Beis Avraham'', successor of Rabbi Shlomo David Yehoshua Weinberg.
::::* Rabbi '''Mordechai Chaim''' of Slonim-Tiberias, grandson of the ''Yesod HaAvodah''{{'s}} brother, disciple of the ''Beis Avraham'', successor of Rabbi Shlomo David Yehoshua Weinberg.
:::::* Rabbi '''Avraham Weinberg''' of Tiberias and Jerusalem (''Rosh Chodesh'' [[Tammuz (Hebrew month)|Tammuz]] 1889 - 12 [[Sivan]] 1981),<ref>{{cite book|last=Alfasi|first=Yitzchak|title=Encyclopedia La'chassidut|year=1986|publisher=Mossad Harav Kook|location=Jerusalem|page=22}}</ref> author of ''Birkas Avraham'', son of Rabbi Noah, disciple and nephew of the ''Divrei Shmuel'', successor of Rabbi Mordechai Chaim.
:::::* Rabbi '''Avraham Weinberg''' of Tiberias and Jerusalem (''Rosh Chodesh'' [[Tammuz (Hebrew month)|Tammuz]] 1889 - 12 [[Sivan]] 1981),<ref>{{cite book|last=Alfasi|first=Yitzchak|title=Encyclopedia La'chassidut|year=1986|publisher=Mossad Harav Kook|location=Jerusalem|page=22}}</ref> author of ''Birkas Avraham'', son of Rabbi Noah, disciple and nephew of the ''Divrei Shmuel'', successor of Rabbi Mordechai Chaim.
[[File:Slonimer rebbe.JPG|thumb|right|150px|Grand Rabbi Shmuel Berezovski]]
[[File:IMG-20180219-WA0015.jpg|thumb|250px|Slonimer Rebbe Shlita]]


::::::* Rabbi '''[[Sholom Noach Berezovsky]]''' (1911-2000), Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, author of ''Nesivos Shalom'', son-in-law of the ''Birkas Avraham'' (R Avraham Weinberg). Worked diligently to reestablish Slonimer Hasidus from its small remnants after World War II. Published many Slonimer Hasidic books from original manuscripts and lost documents.
::::::* Rabbi '''[[Sholom Noach Berezovsky]]''' (1911-2000), Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, author of ''Nesivos Shalom'', son-in-law of the ''Birkas Avraham'' (R Avraham Weinberg). Worked diligently to reestablish Slonimer Hasidus from its small remnants after World War II. Published many Slonimer Hasidic books from original manuscripts and lost documents.
:::::::* Rabbi '''Shmuel Berezovski''', author of ''Darchei Noam'', present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, son of the ''Nesivos Shalom''.
:::::::* Rabbi '''Shmuel Berezovski''', author of ''Darchei Noam'', present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, son of the ''Nesivos Shalom''.
::::::* Rabbi '''Shmuel Weinberg''', son of the ''Birkas Avraham'' (R Avraham Weinberg).
:::::::* Rabbi '''Avraham Weinberg''', student of ''Birkas Avraham'' (1st R Avraham Weinberg). A select group of the ''Birkas Avraham''s followers were told by the ''Birkas Avraham'' to open a separate hassidic court. Rabbi '''Avraham Weinberg''' was chosen by this group to be their Rebbe. Present Slonimer Rebbe of Bnei Brak, son of Reb Michel Aron, great-grandson of ''Yesod HaAvodah''. The Rebbe of Bnei Brak is the son-in-law of Rabbi Shmuel Weinberg, son of the ''Birkas Avraham''.
::* Rabbi '''Moishe Menachem Zylber''' of [[Detroit]], son-in-law of the author of ''Divrei Shmuel''.


==Main Hasidic works of Slonim==
==Main Hasidic works of Slonim==
In addition to those works revered by all Hasidim, the Slonimer Hasidim particularly revere the following books: ''Yesod HaAvodah'', ''Divrei Shmuel'', ''Beis Avraham'', ''Birkas Avraham'', ''Nachal Aison''. The Slonimer rebbes of Jerusalem have authored two tremendously popular Hasidic works, ''Nesivos Shalom'', by the previous Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, and ''Darchei Noam'', by the present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem. ''Nesivos Shalom'' is extremely popular even outside of Hasidic circles. The version of the ''[[siddur]]'' (prayer book) used by the Slonimer Hasidim in Jerusalem is called "''Siddur Magen Avraham''", and by the Slonimer Hasidim in Bnei Brak, "''Siddur Oir Hayoshor''".
In addition to those [[Rabbinic_literature#Hasidic_thought|works revered by all Hasidim]], the Slonimer Hasidim particularly revere the following books: ''Yesod HaAvodah'', "Toras Avos", ''Divrei Shmuel'', ''Beis Avraham'', ''Birkas Avraham''.

The Slonimer rebbes of Jerusalem have also authored two tremendously popular [[Rabbinic_literature#Hasidic_thought |Hasidic works]], [[Sholom_Noach_Berezovsky#Works|''Nesivos Shalom'']], by the previous Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, and ''Darchei Noam'', by the present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem.
''Nesivos Shalom'' is extremely popular even outside of Hasidic circles.


==Controversy in Slonim school in Immanuel==
==Controversy in Slonim school in Immanuel==
{{Main|Immanuel Beit Yaakov controversy}}
{{Main|Immanuel Beit Yaakov controversy}}
Currently, in Israel, there reside approximately 1,300 families that follow the Slonimer Rebbe from Jerusalem.<ref name="Protest">[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hxITkg7pteFI6iSdEpIKJGbIA5oQ Some 300,000 ultra-Orthodox rally in Israel]</ref> In 2010, a dispute arose in [[Immanuel (town)|Immanuel]], a Jewish settlement in the northern [[West Bank]], over the integration of [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazi]] Slonim girls in a school with [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardi]] girls from non-religious families. Over 120,000 [[Torah]]-observant Jews, including [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]] and [[Religious Zionism|Dati Leumi]] Jews, rallied in Israel to keep the groups separate, with the fathers of 40 girls being jailed for their refusal to comply. The families insisted it was not a "racial" issue, as 30% of those in the Hasidic track are Sephardic, and three fathers jailed were Sephardic, but, rather, that the "desire to remove their daughters from the influence of those less strict in their religious observance, watching [[TV]] at home, having [[Internet access|access to the internet]], and a more lax [[dress code]] among the other track in the school have been cited".<ref name="mothers">[http://www.smh.com.au/world/jewish-mothers-fight-jail-over-segregation-20100618-ymrk.html Jewish Mothers Fight Jail Over Segregation]</ref>
Currently, in Israel, there reside approximately 1,900 families that follow the Slonimer Rebbe from Jerusalem.<ref name="Protest">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100620011325/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hxITkg7pteFI6iSdEpIKJGbIA5oQ Some 300,000 ultra-Orthodox rally in Israel]</ref> In 2010, a dispute arose in [[Immanuel (town)|Immanuel]], a Jewish settlement in the northern [[West Bank]], over the integration of [[Ashkenazi Jews|Ashkenazi]] Slonim girls in a school with [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardi]] girls from non-religious families. Over 120,000 [[Torah]]-observant Jews, including [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]] and [[Religious Zionism|Dati Leumi]] Jews, rallied in Israel to keep the groups separate, with the fathers of 40 girls being jailed for their refusal to comply. The families insisted it was not a "racial" issue, as 30% of those in the Hasidic track are Sephardic, and three fathers jailed were Sephardic, but, rather, that the "desire to remove their daughters from the influence of those less strict in their religious observance, watching [[TV]] at home, having [[Internet access|access to the internet]], and a more lax [[dress code]] among the other track in the school have been cited".<ref name="mothers">{{cite web |title=Jewish mothers fight jail over segregation |date=2010-06-18 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715005415/https://www.smh.com.au/world/jewish-mothers-fight-jail-over-segregation-20100618-ymrk.html |archive-date=2023-07-15 |url-status=live |url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/jewish-mothers-fight-jail-over-segregation-20100618-ymrk.html}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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{{Hasidic Dynasties}}
{{Hasidic Dynasties}}
{{Jewish Belarusian history|state=collapsed}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Slonim (Hasidic dynasty)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Slonim (Hasidic dynasty)}}
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[[Category:Hasidic dynasties headquartered in Jerusalem]]
[[Category:Hasidic dynasties headquartered in Jerusalem]]
[[Category:Hasidic Judaism in Belarus]]
[[Category:Hasidic Judaism in Belarus]]
[[Category:Hasidic dynasties of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Jewish groups in Belarus]]

Latest revision as of 03:20, 23 July 2024

Slonim Hasidic Dynasty
Derelict synagogue in Slonim
Founder
Rabbi Avraham Weinberg
Regions with significant populations
Israel, United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Australia, Canada
Religions
Hasidic Judaism

Slonim is a Hasidic dynasty originating in the town of Slonim, which is now in Belarus. Today, there are two Slonimer factions. Slonim, based in Jerusalem, and the Slonim community in Bnei Brak. They are two distinct groups today, and have many differences between them.

The first Rebbe of Slonim, Rabbi Avraham Weinberg (1804–1883), was the author of Yesod HaAvodah.[1] In 1873, he sent a group of his grandchildren and other Hasidim to settle in Ottoman Palestine; they set up their community in Tiberias. Almost all of the Slonimer Hasidim in Europe perished at the hands of the Nazis in the Holocaust. The present-day Slonimer community was rebuilt from the Slonimer Hasidim who had settled in Israel.

Outline of Slonimer dynasty

[edit]

Spiritual legacy

[edit]
Rabbi Shlomo of Karlin, disciple of the Maggid and of Rabbi Aaron Hagodol of Karlin
  • Rabbi Moshe of Kobrin (1784 - 1858), disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch
Rabbi Avraham of Slonim (1804 - 11 Cheshvan 1883), disciple of Rabbi Noah of Lechovitch and Rabbi Moshe of Kobrin, and first Rebbe of Slonim

Lineage of Slonimer Rebbes

[edit]
Grand Rabbi Mordechai Chaim of Slonim
  • Rabbi Avraham of Slonim (1804 - 11 Cheshvan 1883),[2] author of Yesod HaAvodah, first Slonmer Rebbe.
  • Rabbi Shmuel Weinberg (1850-1916) of Slonim, author of Divrei Shmuel, also known as the "Foter", grandson of the Rabbi Avraham, author of Yesod HaAvodah.
  • Rabbi Yissachar Leib Weinberg of Slonim (1873 - 1928), son of the Rabbi Shmuel, author of Divrei Shmuel.
  • Rabbi Avraham Yehoshua Heshel Weinberg of Slonim-Tel Aviv, son of Rabbi Yissachar Leib.
  • Rabbi Noah Weinberg of Slonim and Tiberias, grandson of the author of Yesod HaAvodah, brother of the author of Divrei Shmuel, a menahel of Yeshiva Or-Torah of Tiberias.
  • Rabbi Matisyohu of Slonim, grandson of the author of Yesod HaAvodah.
  • Rabbi Avraham Weinberg of Slonim (1884 - 1 Iyar 1933),[3] author of Beis Avraham, son of Grand Rabbi Shmuel.
  • Rabbi Shlomo David Yehoshua Weinberg of Slonim-Baranovitch (1912 – 1943),[4] son of the Beis Avraham.
  • Rabbi Mordechai Chaim of Slonim-Tiberias, grandson of the Yesod HaAvodah's brother, disciple of the Beis Avraham, successor of Rabbi Shlomo David Yehoshua Weinberg.
  • Rabbi Avraham Weinberg of Tiberias and Jerusalem (Rosh Chodesh Tammuz 1889 - 12 Sivan 1981),[5] author of Birkas Avraham, son of Rabbi Noah, disciple and nephew of the Divrei Shmuel, successor of Rabbi Mordechai Chaim.
Slonimer Rebbe Shlita
  • Rabbi Sholom Noach Berezovsky (1911-2000), Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, author of Nesivos Shalom, son-in-law of the Birkas Avraham (R Avraham Weinberg). Worked diligently to reestablish Slonimer Hasidus from its small remnants after World War II. Published many Slonimer Hasidic books from original manuscripts and lost documents.
  • Rabbi Shmuel Berezovski, author of Darchei Noam, present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, son of the Nesivos Shalom.

Main Hasidic works of Slonim

[edit]

In addition to those works revered by all Hasidim, the Slonimer Hasidim particularly revere the following books: Yesod HaAvodah, "Toras Avos", Divrei Shmuel, Beis Avraham, Birkas Avraham.

The Slonimer rebbes of Jerusalem have also authored two tremendously popular Hasidic works, Nesivos Shalom, by the previous Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem, and Darchei Noam, by the present Slonimer Rebbe of Jerusalem. Nesivos Shalom is extremely popular even outside of Hasidic circles.

Controversy in Slonim school in Immanuel

[edit]
Main article: Immanuel Beit Yaakov controversy

Currently, in Israel, there reside approximately 1,900 families that follow the Slonimer Rebbe from Jerusalem.[6] In 2010, a dispute arose in Immanuel, a Jewish settlement in the northern West Bank, over the integration of Ashkenazi Slonim girls in a school with Sephardi girls from non-religious families. Over 120,000 Torah-observant Jews, including Haredi and Dati Leumi Jews, rallied in Israel to keep the groups separate, with the fathers of 40 girls being jailed for their refusal to comply. The families insisted it was not a "racial" issue, as 30% of those in the Hasidic track are Sephardic, and three fathers jailed were Sephardic, but, rather, that the "desire to remove their daughters from the influence of those less strict in their religious observance, watching TV at home, having access to the internet, and a more lax dress code among the other track in the school have been cited".[7]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Yesod ha-Avodah, R. Abraham Weinberg of Slonim, Warsaw 1892, retrieved August 25, 2022
  2. ^ Alfasi, Yitzchak (1986). Encyclopedia La'chassidut. Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook. p. 19.
  3. ^ Alfasi, Yitzchak (1986). Encyclopedia La'chassidut. Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook. p. 21.
  4. ^ Shdeour, E. "Harav Shlomo David Yehoshua Weinberg of Slonim-Baranovitch, Hy"d". Hamodia, 3 November 2011, p. C2
  5. ^ Alfasi, Yitzchak (1986). Encyclopedia La'chassidut. Jerusalem: Mossad Harav Kook. p. 22.
  6. ^ Some 300,000 ultra-Orthodox rally in Israel
  7. ^ "Jewish mothers fight jail over segregation". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2010-06-18. Archived from the original on 2023-07-15.
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