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{{short description|American physicist (1874–1954)}}
:''For other persons named Theodore Lyman, see [[Theodore Lyman (disambiguation)]].''
{{Refimprove|date=January 2008}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Theodore Lyman
| name = Theodore Lyman
| image = Lyman,Theodore 1934 London.jpg
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption = Lyman in 1926
| birth_date = {{birth date|1874|11|23}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1874|11|23}}
| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1954|10|11|1874|11|23}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1954|10|11|1874|11|23}}
| death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]
| death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields = [[Spectroscopy]]
| fields = [[Spectroscopy]]
| workplaces =
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]
⚫
| awards = [[Elliott Cresson Medal]] (1931)
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'''Theodore Lyman IV''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|aɪ|m|ən}}; November 23, 1874 – October 11, 1954) was an [[America|American]] [[physicist]] and [[spectroscopist]], born in [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]]. He graduated from [[Harvard University|Harvard]] in 1897, from which he also received his [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in 1900.


==Career==
'''Theodore Lyman''' (November 23, 1874 - October 11, 1954) was a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[physicist]] and [[spectroscopist]], born in [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]]. He graduated from [[Harvard University|Harvard]] in 1897, from which he also received his [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in 1900. He became an assistant professor in [[physics]] at Harvard, where he remained, becoming full [[professor]] in 1917, and where he was also director of the [[Jefferson Physical Laboratory]] (1908–17). Dr. Lyman made important studies in phenomena connected with [[diffraction grating]]s, on the [[Wavelength|wave lengths]] of vacuum [[ultraviolet|ultraviolet light]] discovered by [[Victor Schumann]] and also on the properties of light of extremely short [[Wavelength|wave length]], on all of which he contributed valuable papers to the literature of [[physics]] in the proceedings of scientific societies. During [[World War I|World War One]] he served in [[France]] with the [[American Expeditionary Force]], holding the rank of major of engineers.
Lyman became an assistant professor in [[physics]] at Harvard, where he remained, becoming full [[professor]] in 1917, and where he was also director of the Jefferson Physical Laboratory (1908–17). He made important studies in phenomena connected with [[diffraction grating]]s, on the [[wavelength]]s of vacuum [[ultraviolet|ultraviolet light]] discovered by [[Victor Schumann]] and also on the properties of light of extremely short [[wavelength]], on all of which he contributed valuable papers to the literature of [[physics]] in the proceedings of scientific societies.


==Military service==
⚫
He was the [[eponym]] of the [[Lyman series]] of [[spectral lines]]. The crater [[Lyman (crater)|Lyman]] on the far side of the [[Moon]] is named after him.
During [[World War I]] he served in [[France]] with the [[American Expeditionary Force]], holding the rank of major of engineers.


==Legacy/honors==
⚫
He was awarded the [[Franklin Institute]]'s [[Elliott Cresson Medal]] in 1931.

* He was the [[eponym]] of the [[Lyman series]] of [[spectral lines]].
⚫
* The crater [[Lyman (crater)|Lyman]] on the far side of the [[Moon]] is named after him.
* He was elected to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1901.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-09 |title=Theodore Lyman |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/theodore-lyman-0 |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |language=en}}</ref>
* He was elected to the United States [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1917.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Theodor T. Lyman |url=https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20001635.html |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref>
* He was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1918.<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Theodore+Lyman&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>
* He was awarded the [[Franklin Institute]]'s [[Elliott Cresson Medal]] and the [[Frederic Ives Medal]] in 1931.
* The Optical Society elected him an Honorary Member in 1941.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Theodore Lyman {{!}} Optica |url=https://www.optica.org/History/Biographies/bios/Theodore-Lyman |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=www.optica.org}}</ref>
* The [[Lyman Laboratory of Physics]] at Harvard University is named after him.

==Affiliations==
He became a hereditary member of the [[Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States]] in succession to his father, Lieutenant Colonel [[Theodore Lyman (Massachusetts)|Theodore Lyman III]].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{NIE}}
* {{NIE}}
*[http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/FeatureNameDetail.jsp?feature=63703 USGS Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature Feature Information]
*[http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/FeatureNameDetail.jsp?feature=63703 USGS Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature Feature Information]
*1931 [http://www.osa.org/aboutosa/awards/osaawards/awardsdesc/ivesquinn/ Frederic Ives Medal]
*1931 [https://www.optica.org/get_involved/awards_and_honors/awards/award_descriptions/ivesquinn/ Frederic Ives Medal]


==External links==
*[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/lyman-theodore-t-1.pdf National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir]


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| before=[[Wallace Clement Sabine]]
| before=[[Wallace Clement Sabine]]
| title=[[Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy]]
| title=[[Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy]]
| years=1921-1926
| years=1921–1926
| after=[[Percy Williams Bridgman]]
| after=[[Percy Williams Bridgman]]
}}
}}
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{{Hollisian Professors of Mathematics}}
{{Hollisian Professors of Mathematics}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Lyman, Theodore
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = November 23, 1874
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = October 11, 1954
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Lyman, Theodore}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lyman, Theodore}}
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[[Category:1874 births]]
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[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:American military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:American military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Boston, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Scientists from Boston]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:American optical physicists]]
[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:Spectroscopists]]
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[[Category:American physicists]]
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[[Category:Optical physicists]]
[[Category:Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy]]
[[Category:Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]

[[Category:Presidents of the American Physical Society]]

[[Category:Physicists from Massachusetts]]
{{US-physicist-stub}}
[[Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society]]

[[de:Theodore Lyman]]
[[es:Theodore Lyman]]
[[fa:تئودور لیمان]]
[[fr:Theodore Lyman]]
[[it:Theodore Lyman]]
[[ja:セオドア・ライマン]]
[[pt:Theodore Lyman]]
[[sl:Theodore Lyman]]
[[zh:西奥多·莱曼]]

Latest revision as of 17:54, 24 July 2024

Theodore Lyman
Born(1874-11-23)November 23, 1874
Boston, Massachusetts
DiedOctober 11, 1954(1954-10-11) (aged 79)
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Alma materHarvard University
AwardsElliott Cresson Medal (1931)
Scientific career
FieldsSpectroscopy

Theodore Lyman IV (/ˈlaɪmən/; November 23, 1874 – October 11, 1954) was an American physicist and spectroscopist, born in Boston. He graduated from Harvard in 1897, from which he also received his Ph.D. in 1900.

Career

[edit]

Lyman became an assistant professor in physics at Harvard, where he remained, becoming full professor in 1917, and where he was also director of the Jefferson Physical Laboratory (1908–17). He made important studies in phenomena connected with diffraction gratings, on the wavelengths of vacuum ultraviolet light discovered by Victor Schumann and also on the properties of light of extremely short wavelength, on all of which he contributed valuable papers to the literature of physics in the proceedings of scientific societies.

Military service

[edit]

During World War I he served in France with the American Expeditionary Force, holding the rank of major of engineers.

Legacy/honors

[edit]

Affiliations

[edit]

He became a hereditary member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States in succession to his father, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Lyman III.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Theodore Lyman". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
  2. ^ "Theodor T. Lyman". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
  3. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
  4. ^ "Theodore Lyman | Optica". www.optica.org. Retrieved 2024-07-24.
[edit]
Academic offices
Preceded by Hollis Chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy
1921–1926 		Succeeded by
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