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{{Short description|Norwegian philologist}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name =
| name =
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| nationality = Norwegian
| nationality = Norwegian
| other_names =
| other_names =
| occupation = Author, philologist
| occupation = Author, [[philologist]]
| years_active =
| years_active =
| known_for = Tolkien studies
| known_for = [[Tolkien studies]]
| notable_works =
| notable_works =
| website = {{URL|http://www.helgefauskanger.com/}}
}}
}}
'''Helge Kåre Fauskanger''' (born 17 August 1971) is a Norwegian author and [[philologist]]. In Norway he is known as a [[Crime fiction|crime novelist]]; elsewhere, he is best known as a [[Tolkien research|Tolkien scholar]] with an interest in [[Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien|Tolkien's constructed languages]].
'''Helge Kåre Fauskanger''' (born 17 August 1971) is a Norwegian author and [[philologist]]. In Norway he is known as a [[Crime fiction|crime novelist]]; elsewhere, he is best known as a [[Tolkien research|Tolkien scholar]] with an interest in [[Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien|Tolkien's constructed languages]].
Line 20: Line 22:
== Education ==
== Education ==


Fauskanger has studied both [[philology]] and [[religious studies]], and has taken courses in classical Hebrew, Greek and Coptic. His main thesis ''The Bible in Norwegian'' (1998) compares selected texts from three widespread Norwegian Bible translations.<ref>Helge Kåre Fauskanger ''[http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/hovedoppg.pdf Bibelen på norsk: en sammenlignende studie av tre nyere norske bibeloversettelser]'' ("The Bible in Norwegian: a comparative study of three recent Norwegian Bible translations") Main thesis in Nordic - University of Bergen, 1998</ref>
Fauskanger has studied both [[philology]] and [[religious studies]], and has taken courses in classical Hebrew, Greek and Coptic.<ref name="Website">{{cite web |last=Fauskanger |first=Helge |title=Helge Kåre Fauskanger, Cand. philol. |url=http://www.helgefauskanger.com/ |publisher=Helge Fauskanger |access-date=23 November 2022 |language=Norwegian}}</ref> His main thesis ''The Bible in Norwegian'' (1998) compares selected texts from three widespread Norwegian Bible translations.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fauskanger |first=Helge Kåre |title=Bibelen på norsk: en sammenlignende studie av tre nyere norske bibeloversettelser |trans-title=The Bible in Norwegian: a comparative study of three recent Norwegian Bible translations |publisher=Nordic Institute, [[University of Bergen]] (master's thesis) |year=1998 |url=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/hovedoppg.pdf}}</ref> He describes himself as an agnostic and skeptic.<ref name="Website"/>


== Career ==
== Career ==
Line 26: Line 28:
Fauskanger's satirical debut novel ''Fullmåne over Uroba'' ("Full Moon over Uroba" 2009) describes an alternative reality where a nation resembling the USA is located in Europe instead.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/>
Fauskanger's satirical debut novel ''Fullmåne over Uroba'' ("Full Moon over Uroba" 2009) describes an alternative reality where a nation resembling the USA is located in Europe instead.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/>


Fauskanger's debut as a crime writer was the [[crime novel]] ''Skrinet'' in 2012, published by Baskerville. This is a [[Sherlock Holmes]] pastiche where Holmes comes to Norway in 1895, and tracks down the lost reliquary of [[St. Sunniva]]. The novel ''Skarlagenssalen'' (Gyldendal 2013) is a sequel to ''Skrinet'' with the same first-person narrator, who in this story meets the ten-year-old [[Vidkun Quisling]] in 1897. Vidkun is with his father {{ill|Jon Lauritz Qvisling|no}} on a paranormal investigation at a dark manor in [[Østfold]]. The story is a crime thriller with inspiration from [[John Dickson Carr]]. Both ''Skrinet'' and ''Skarlagenssalen'' were awarded 5 stars in Norway's ''[[VG-lista|VG]]'' chart list.
Fauskanger's debut as a crime writer was the [[crime novel]] ''Skrinet'' in 2012, published by Baskerville. This is a [[Sherlock Holmes]] pastiche where Holmes comes to Norway in 1895, and tracks down the lost reliquary of [[St. Sunniva]]. The novel ''Skarlagenssalen'' (Gyldendal 2013) is a sequel to ''Skrinet'' with the same first-person narrator, who in this story meets the ten-year-old [[Vidkun Quisling]] in 1897. Vidkun is with his father {{ill|Jon Lauritz Qvisling|no}} on a paranormal investigation at a dark manor in [[Østfold]]. The story is a crime thriller with inspiration from [[John Dickson Carr]]. Both ''Skrinet'' and ''Skarlagenssalen'' were awarded a "[[die throw (review)|die throw]]" of 5 by Norway's ''[[Verdens Gang]]'' newspaper.<!-- ''Skamtegnet'' was awarded a "die throw" of 3. https://www.vg.no/rampelys/bok/i/PMgE5/bokanmeldelse-hk-fauskanger-skamtegnet-->


In 2015 he published a commentary edition of [[The New Testament]] newly translated from Greek into Norwegian, observing to the annoyance of the [[Norwegian Bible Society]] that their 2011 version was more polished than the original.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The translation tried to preserve illogicalities and bad language in the original Bible text.<ref name="Askøyværingen 2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.av-avis.no/kultur/Gav-seg-i-kast-med-kristendommen-fikk-kristne-pa-nakken-294133.html |title=Gav seg i kast med kristendommen – fikk kristne på nakken |trans-title=Gave up Christianity – got Christians on his neck |date=11 April 2015 |work=[[Askøyværingen]]}}</ref> The Society commented that it was almost impossible to give the "real" text as it had mainly been presented orally and then written by people for whom Greek was not their first language; in their view Fauskanger's "polemic oozes with contempt". Fauskanger denied that he held the Bible in contempt.<ref name="NRK 2015">{{cite news |last=Ese |first=Britt Kristin |url=http://www.nrk.no/hordaland/_-den-norske-bibelen-er-frisert-og-sminka-1.12253957 |title=Den norske Bibelen er frisert og sminka |trans-title=The Norwegian Bible is all hair-do and make-up |date=15 March 2015 |work=[[NRK]]}}</ref>
In 2015 he published a commentary edition of [[The New Testament]] newly translated from [[Koine Greek|Greek]] into Norwegian, observing to the annoyance of the [[Norwegian Bible Society]] that their 2011 version was more polished than the original.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The translation tried to preserve illogicalities and bad language in the original Bible text.<ref name="Askøyværingen 2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.av-avis.no/kultur/Gav-seg-i-kast-med-kristendommen-fikk-kristne-pa-nakken-294133.html |title=Gav seg i kast med kristendommen – fikk kristne på nakken |trans-title=Gave up Christianity – got Christians on his neck |date=11 April 2015 |work=[[Askøyværingen]] |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-date=18 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418182150/http://www.av-avis.no/kultur/Gav-seg-i-kast-med-kristendommen-fikk-kristne-pa-nakken-294133.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Society commented that it was almost impossible to give the "real" text as it had mainly been presented orally and then written by people for whom Greek was not their first language; in their view Fauskanger's "polemic oozes with contempt". Fauskanger denied that he held the Bible in contempt.<ref name="NRK 2015">{{cite news |last=Ese |first=Britt Kristin |url=http://www.nrk.no/hordaland/_-den-norske-bibelen-er-frisert-og-sminka-1.12253957 |title=Den norske Bibelen er frisert og sminka |trans-title=The Norwegian Bible is all hair-do and make-up |date=15 March 2015 |work=[[NRK]]}}</ref>


=== Tolkien linguistics ===
=== Tolkien linguistics ===
{{further|Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien}}


{| style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" class="wikitable"
{| style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" class="wikitable"
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! ''Silmesse'' !! "In starlight"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fauskanger |first1=Helge Kåre |title=Silmesse |url=https://www.elvish.org/elm/silmesse.html |website=Elvish.org |access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref>
! ''Silmesse'' !! "In starlight"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fauskanger |first1=Helge Kåre |title=Silmesse |url=https://www.elvish.org/elm/silmesse.html |website=Elvish.org |access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref>
|-
|-
| <poem>Sinome háran i marya silmesse;
| <poem>''Sinome háran i marya silmesse;''
Ilmello sílar tinwi lómesse;
''Ilmello sílar tinwi lómesse;''
Cénanten, i telpeva hendi,
''Cénanten, i telpeva hendi,''
ve cennente i cuivie Quendi.</poem>
''ve cennente i cuivie Quendi.''</poem>
| <poem>Here I am sitting in the pale moonlight;
| <poem>Here I am sitting in the pale moonlight;
from Ilmen sparks are shining in [the] night;
from Ilmen sparks are shining in [the] night;
They see me, the silvery eyes,
They see me, the silvery eyes,
as they saw the wakening Elves. </poem>
as they saw the [[Sundering of the Elves#Awakening|wakening Elves]]. </poem>
|}
|}


Fauskanger is known for his linguistic work on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s fictional world of [[Middle-earth]]. Since the early nineties, he has been a regular contributor to ''Angerthas'', the member magazine of Norway's [[Tolkien fandom|Tolkien Society]]. He started and runs the website ''Ardalambion'', devoted to the study of Tolkien's [[constructed language]]s.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The site has been called "one of the principal websites for the study of Tolkien's languages".<ref>''Arda Philology'', 2009, p. iv</ref> The website has been translated from English into a number of other languages. In connection with his work with Tolkien's languages, Fauskanger has appeared in the programs ''Typisk Norsk'' and ''{{ill|Norges herligste|no}}''. A poem he wrote in Tolkien's invented language [[Quenya]] (''Silmessë'', "In starlight") was set to music by Carvin Knowles and had a music video made for it.<ref>[https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=r0-K_EcCdEs ''Silmesse'' by The Fellowship (music video)]</ref>
Fauskanger is known for his linguistic work on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s fictional world of [[Middle-earth]].<ref name="Ashford 2018">{{cite journal |last=Ashford |first=David |title='Orc Talk': Soviet Linguistics in Middle-Earth |journal=[[Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts]] |volume=29 |issue=1 (101) |date=2018 |pages=26–40 |jstor=26627600 }}</ref> Since the early nineties, he has been a regular contributor to ''Angerthas'', the member magazine of Norway's [[Tolkien fandom|Tolkien Society]]. He started and runs the website ''Ardalambion'',<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fauskanger |first1=Helge |title=Ardalambion: Of the Tongues of Arda, the invented world of J.R.R. Tolkien |url=http://www.helgefauskanger.com/ |website=Ardalambion |access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref> devoted to the study of [[Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien|Tolkien's constructed languages]].<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The site has been called "one of the principal websites for the study of Tolkien's languages".<ref>''Arda Philology'', 2009, p. iv</ref> The website has been translated from English into a number of other languages. In connection with his work with Tolkien's languages, Fauskanger has appeared in the programs ''Typisk Norsk'' ("Typically Norwegian") and ''{{ill|Norges herligste|no}}'' ("Norway's Finest"). A poem he wrote in Tolkien's invented language [[Quenya]] (''Silmessë'', "In starlight") was set to music by Carvin Knowles and had a music video made for it.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0-K_EcCdEs ''Silmesse'' by The Fellowship (music video)]</ref> Among the topics he has published papers on are [[Sindarin]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/sindarin.htm |title=Sindarin – the Noble Tongue |first=Helge |last=Fauskanger |website=Ardalambion }}</ref> and [[Black Speech]].<ref>{{cite web |first=Helge K. |last=Fauskanger |author-link=Helge Fauskanger |url=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/orkish.htm |title=Orkish and the Black Speech |work=Ardalambion |publisher=[[University of Bergen]] |ref={{harvid|FauskangerBlackSpeech}} }}</ref> He has created a 20-lesson course on Quenya, which he states "presuppose[s] a deep and serious interest on the part of the student".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/qcourse.htm |title=Quenya Course |first=Helge |last=Fauskanger |website=Ardalambion }}</ref>


== Reception ==
== Reception ==


The Norwegian national newspaper ''[[Aftenposten]]'' describes Fauskanger as having "an aura of 1905 about him", the year in which his book ''Skamtegnet'' is set. It calls the book at once a historical crime novel, a murder mystery, and a streak of supernatural horror. The paper's reviewer [[Pål Gerhard Olsen]] calls the book "an excellent read" with an "exquisitely elegant" plot and a masterfully constructed ending.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The paper writes that with his knowledge of multiple ancient languages "one can safely say that [Fauskanger] is almost unbearably scholarly".<ref name="Aftenposten 2015">{{cite news |last=Keilhau |first=Lars |title=H.K. Fauskanger: «Aldri så ille at det ikke kan bli forferdelig mye verre» |trans-title=H.K. Fauskanger: 'Never so bad that it can't get an awful lot worse' |url=https://www.aftenposten.no/kultur/i/2xkq/hk-fauskanger-aldri-saa-ille-at-det-ikke-kan-bli-forferdelig-mye-verre |access-date=23 November 2022 |work=[[Aftenposten]] |date=4 April 2015}}</ref>
The Norwegian national newspaper ''[[Aftenposten]]'' describes Fauskanger as having "an aura of 1905 about him", the year in which his book ''Skamtegnet'' is set. It calls the book at once a historical crime novel, a murder mystery, and a streak of supernatural horror. The paper's reviewer [[Pål Gerhard Olsen]] calls the book "an excellent read" with an "exquisitely elegant" plot and a masterfully constructed ending.<ref name="Aftenposten 2015"/> The paper states that with his knowledge of multiple ancient languages "one can safely say that [Fauskanger] is almost unbearably scholarly".<ref name="Aftenposten 2015">{{cite news |last=Keilhau |first=Lars |title=H.K. Fauskanger: "Aldri så ille at det ikke kan bli forferdelig mye verre" |trans-title=H.K. Fauskanger: 'Never so bad that it can't get an awful lot worse' |url=https://www.aftenposten.no/kultur/i/2xkq/hk-fauskanger-aldri-saa-ille-at-det-ikke-kan-bli-forferdelig-mye-verre |access-date=23 November 2022 |work=[[Aftenposten]] |date=4 April 2015}}</ref>


Reviewing Fauskanger's book ''Skrinet'', the Norwegian daily newspaper ''[[Dagsavisen]]'' writes that the novel begins from a sentence by [[Arthur Conan Doyle]], which mentions that [[Sherlock Holmes]] visited Norway in 1895, and the last line of ''The Adventure of Black Peter'' where Holmes says that his address will be "somewhere in Norway". Asked if this was just "literary grave robbing", Fauskanger replied that the book has fun with Holmes, St Sunniva, and Jewish [[Kabbalah]] mysticism, three things that might not seem to be connected until one reads the book.<ref name="Dagsavisen 2012">{{cite news |last=Johansen |first=Kjetil |title=Sherlock Holmes til Norge |url=https://www.dagsavisen.no/nyheter/innenriks/2012/05/22/sherlock-holmes-til-norge/ |access-date=23 November 2022 |work=[[Dagsavisen]] |date=22 May 2012}}</ref>
⚫
== Works ==


In ''Arda Philology'', Karolina Kazimierczak writes that Fauskanger's description of Quenya in his ''Quenya Course'' could easily be read as historical [[musicology]]. She comments that his interpretation seems "[close] to Tolkien's own vision of language, music, and their interrelations."<ref name="Kazimierczak 2009">{{cite journal |last1=Kazimierczak |first1=Karolina Agata |title=Unfolding Tolkien's Linguistic Symphony |journal=Arda Philology |date=August 2009 |issue=2 |pages=56–79 |isbn=9789197350020 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vSCKWYbL63oC&pg=PA58}}</ref>
=== Books ===

⚫
== Works ==


* 2009 ''Fullmåne over Uroba'' (Full Moon over Uroba) – novel
* 2009 ''Fullmåne over Uroba'' (Full Moon over Uroba) – novel
Line 61: Line 66:
* 2013 ''Skarlagenssalen'' (The Scarlet Hall) – crime novel
* 2013 ''Skarlagenssalen'' (The Scarlet Hall) – crime novel
* 2015 ''Det nye testamente'' (The New Testament) – bible translation and commentary
* 2015 ''Det nye testamente'' (The New Testament) – bible translation and commentary
* 2015 ''Skamtegnet'' (Sign of Shame) – crime novel
* 2015 ''Skamtegnet'' (The Sign of Shame) – crime novel
* 2021 ''Skorpionbrosjen'' (The Scorpion Brooch) – crime novel
* 2021 ''Skorpionbrosjen'' (The Scorpion Brooch) – crime novel

=== Papers ===

* {{Cite web|url=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/sindarin.htm|title=Sindarin – the Noble Tongue|last=Helge|first=Fauskanger |website=Ardalambion |ref=none}}
* {{Cite web|url=https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/qcourse.htm|title=Quenya Course|last=Helge|first=Fauskanger |website=Ardalambion |ref=none}}


== References ==
== References ==
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{{J. R. R. Tolkien}}
{{J. R. R. Tolkien}}
{{Languages of Middle-earth}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Fauskanger, Helge}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fauskanger, Helge}}
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[[Category:People from Bergen]]
[[Category:People from Bergen]]
[[Category:1971 births]]
[[Category:1971 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Latest revision as of 01:00, 27 July 2024

Helge Fauskanger
Born (1971-08-17) August 17, 1971 (age 53)
NationalityNorwegian
Occupation(s)Author, philologist
Known forTolkien studies
Websitewww.helgefauskanger.com

Helge Kåre Fauskanger (born 17 August 1971) is a Norwegian author and philologist. In Norway he is known as a crime novelist; elsewhere, he is best known as a Tolkien scholar with an interest in Tolkien's constructed languages.

Education

[edit]

Fauskanger has studied both philology and religious studies, and has taken courses in classical Hebrew, Greek and Coptic.[1] His main thesis The Bible in Norwegian (1998) compares selected texts from three widespread Norwegian Bible translations.[2] He describes himself as an agnostic and skeptic.[1]

Career

[edit]

Fauskanger's satirical debut novel Fullmåne over Uroba ("Full Moon over Uroba" 2009) describes an alternative reality where a nation resembling the USA is located in Europe instead.[3]

Fauskanger's debut as a crime writer was the crime novel Skrinet in 2012, published by Baskerville. This is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche where Holmes comes to Norway in 1895, and tracks down the lost reliquary of St. Sunniva. The novel Skarlagenssalen (Gyldendal 2013) is a sequel to Skrinet with the same first-person narrator, who in this story meets the ten-year-old Vidkun Quisling in 1897. Vidkun is with his father Jon Lauritz Qvisling [no] on a paranormal investigation at a dark manor in Østfold. The story is a crime thriller with inspiration from John Dickson Carr. Both Skrinet and Skarlagenssalen were awarded a "die throw" of 5 by Norway's Verdens Gang newspaper.

In 2015 he published a commentary edition of The New Testament newly translated from Greek into Norwegian, observing to the annoyance of the Norwegian Bible Society that their 2011 version was more polished than the original.[3] The translation tried to preserve illogicalities and bad language in the original Bible text.[4] The Society commented that it was almost impossible to give the "real" text as it had mainly been presented orally and then written by people for whom Greek was not their first language; in their view Fauskanger's "polemic oozes with contempt". Fauskanger denied that he held the Bible in contempt.[5]

Tolkien linguistics

[edit]
Further information: Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
The first few lines of a poem in Tolkien's Elvish language, Quenya
Silmesse "In starlight"[6]

Sinome háran i marya silmesse;
Ilmello sílar tinwi lómesse;
Cénanten, i telpeva hendi,
ve cennente i cuivie Quendi.

Here I am sitting in the pale moonlight;
from Ilmen sparks are shining in [the] night;
They see me, the silvery eyes,
as they saw the wakening Elves.

Fauskanger is known for his linguistic work on J.R.R. Tolkien's fictional world of Middle-earth.[7] Since the early nineties, he has been a regular contributor to Angerthas, the member magazine of Norway's Tolkien Society. He started and runs the website Ardalambion,[8] devoted to the study of Tolkien's constructed languages.[3] The site has been called "one of the principal websites for the study of Tolkien's languages".[9] The website has been translated from English into a number of other languages. In connection with his work with Tolkien's languages, Fauskanger has appeared in the programs Typisk Norsk ("Typically Norwegian") and Norges herligste [no] ("Norway's Finest"). A poem he wrote in Tolkien's invented language Quenya (Silmessë, "In starlight") was set to music by Carvin Knowles and had a music video made for it.[10] Among the topics he has published papers on are Sindarin[11] and Black Speech.[12] He has created a 20-lesson course on Quenya, which he states "presuppose[s] a deep and serious interest on the part of the student".[13]

Reception

[edit]

The Norwegian national newspaper Aftenposten describes Fauskanger as having "an aura of 1905 about him", the year in which his book Skamtegnet is set. It calls the book at once a historical crime novel, a murder mystery, and a streak of supernatural horror. The paper's reviewer Pål Gerhard Olsen calls the book "an excellent read" with an "exquisitely elegant" plot and a masterfully constructed ending.[3] The paper states that with his knowledge of multiple ancient languages "one can safely say that [Fauskanger] is almost unbearably scholarly".[3]

Reviewing Fauskanger's book Skrinet, the Norwegian daily newspaper Dagsavisen writes that the novel begins from a sentence by Arthur Conan Doyle, which mentions that Sherlock Holmes visited Norway in 1895, and the last line of The Adventure of Black Peter where Holmes says that his address will be "somewhere in Norway". Asked if this was just "literary grave robbing", Fauskanger replied that the book has fun with Holmes, St Sunniva, and Jewish Kabbalah mysticism, three things that might not seem to be connected until one reads the book.[14]

In Arda Philology, Karolina Kazimierczak writes that Fauskanger's description of Quenya in his Quenya Course could easily be read as historical musicology. She comments that his interpretation seems "[close] to Tolkien's own vision of language, music, and their interrelations."[15]

Works

[edit]
  • 2009 Fullmåne over Uroba (Full Moon over Uroba) – novel
  • 2012 Skrinet (The Casket) – crime novel
  • 2013 Skarlagenssalen (The Scarlet Hall) – crime novel
  • 2015 Det nye testamente (The New Testament) – bible translation and commentary
  • 2015 Skamtegnet (The Sign of Shame) – crime novel
  • 2021 Skorpionbrosjen (The Scorpion Brooch) – crime novel

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Fauskanger, Helge. "Helge Kåre Fauskanger, Cand. philol" (in Norwegian). Helge Fauskanger. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  2. ^ Fauskanger, Helge Kåre (1998). Bibelen på norsk: en sammenlignende studie av tre nyere norske bibeloversettelser [The Bible in Norwegian: a comparative study of three recent Norwegian Bible translations] (PDF). Nordic Institute, University of Bergen (master's thesis).
  3. ^ a b c d e Keilhau, Lars (4 April 2015). "H.K. Fauskanger: "Aldri så ille at det ikke kan bli forferdelig mye verre"" [H.K. Fauskanger: 'Never so bad that it can't get an awful lot worse']. Aftenposten. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  4. ^ "Gav seg i kast med kristendommen – fikk kristne på nakken" [Gave up Christianity – got Christians on his neck]. Askøyværingen. 11 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  5. ^ Ese, Britt Kristin (15 March 2015). "Den norske Bibelen er frisert og sminka" [The Norwegian Bible is all hair-do and make-up]. NRK.
  6. ^ Fauskanger, Helge Kåre. "Silmesse". Elvish.org. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  7. ^ Ashford, David (2018). "'Orc Talk': Soviet Linguistics in Middle-Earth". Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts. 29 (1 (101)): 26–40. JSTOR 26627600.
  8. ^ Fauskanger, Helge. "Ardalambion: Of the Tongues of Arda, the invented world of J.R.R. Tolkien". Ardalambion. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  9. ^ Arda Philology, 2009, p. iv
  10. ^ Silmesse by The Fellowship (music video)
  11. ^ Fauskanger, Helge. "Sindarin – the Noble Tongue". Ardalambion.
  12. ^ Fauskanger, Helge K. "Orkish and the Black Speech". Ardalambion. University of Bergen.
  13. ^ Fauskanger, Helge. "Quenya Course". Ardalambion.
  14. ^ Johansen, Kjetil (22 May 2012). "Sherlock Holmes til Norge". Dagsavisen. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  15. ^ Kazimierczak, Karolina Agata (August 2009). "Unfolding Tolkien's Linguistic Symphony". Arda Philology (2): 56–79. ISBN 9789197350020.
[edit]
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