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{{Short description|Violet-colored crystal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox mineral
[[File:Royalazel sugilite smithsonianmuseum.jpg|thumb|Original Manganoan Sugilite "GEL" Smithsonian Exhibit History]]
| name = Sugilite
⚫
'''Sugilite''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|uː|ɡ|ᵻ|l|aɪ|t}} {{respell|SOO|gi-lyt}}) is a pink to purple [[Silicate minerals|cyclosilicate]] mineral with the complex chemical formula [[potassium|K]][[sodium|Na]]<sub>2</sub>([[iron|Fe]], [[manganese|Mn]], [[aluminium|Al]])<sub>2</sub>[[lithium|Li]]<sub>3</sub>[[silicon|Si]]<sub>12</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>30</sub>. Sugilite crystallizes in the [[Hexagonal (crystal system)|hexagonal]] system with prismatic crystals. The crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive. It has a [[Mohs hardness]] of 5.5 to 6.5 and a [[specific gravity]] of 2.75 to 2.80. It is mostly translucent.
| category = Cyclosilicate
| image = Smithsonian Exhibit Stone.jpg
| imagesize = 260px
| caption = 16kg Manganoan Sugilite, GIA Laboratory Certified, Smithsonian Exhibition Stone, I.Kurgan Royal Azel, Hall of Gems Smithsonian Museum 1981, Wessels Mine in [[Northern Cape|Northern Cape Province]], [[South Africa]]
| formula = KNa<sub>2</sub>(Fe,Mn,Al)<sub>2</sub>Li<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>12</sub>O<sub>30</sub>
| IMAsymbol = Sug<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3 |pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W |s2cid=235729616 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
| strunz = 9.CM.05
| dana = 63.02.01a.09
| system = [[Hexagonal crystal system|Hexagonal]]
| class = Dihexagonal dipyramidal (6/mmm) <br/>[[H-M symbol]]: (6/m 2/m 2/m)
| symmetry = ''P''6/mcc
| unit cell = a = 10, c = 14&nbsp;[Å]; Z&nbsp;=&nbsp;2
| color = Light brownish-yellow, purple, violet, reddish violet, pale pink, colorless
| habit = Prismatic crystals, typically granular to massive
| twinning =
| cleavage = Poor on {0001}
| fracture =
| tenacity =
| mohs = 6–{{frac|6|1|2}}
| luster = [[Lustre (mineralogy)#Vitreous lustre|Vitreous]]
| refractive = n<sub>ω</sub> = 1.610 n<sub>ε</sub> = 1.607
| opticalprop = Uniaxial (−)
| birefringence = δ = 0.003
| pleochroism = Weak
| streak = White
| gravity = 2.74
| density =
| melt =
| fusibility =
| diagnostic =
| solubility =
| diaphaneity = Transparent to translucent
| other =
| references = <ref name=Webmin>{{Cite web|last1=Barthelmy|first1=David|year=2014|url=http://www.webmineral.com/data/Sugilite.shtml|access-date=22 July 2022|title = Sugilite Mineral Data|website=Webmineral.com}}</ref><ref name=Mindat>{{mindat|id=3822|title=Sugilite}}</ref><ref name=HBM>{{cite web |last1=Anthony |first1=John W. |last2=Bideaux |first2=Richard A. |last3=Bladh |first3=Kenneth W. |last4=Nichols |first4=Monte C. |title=Sugilite |url=http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/sugilite.pdf |website=Handbook of Mineralogy |publisher=Mineral Data Publishing |access-date=14 March 2022 |date=2005}}</ref>
}}


⚫
'''Sugilite''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|uː|ɡ|ə|l|aɪ|t|,_|-|dʒ|i|-}} {{respell|SOO|gə|lyte|,_|-|jee|-}})<ref name=Webmin/><ref name=Mindat/> is a relatively rare pink to purple [[Silicate minerals|cyclosilicate]] mineral with the complex chemical formula [[potassium|K]][[sodium|Na]]<sub>2</sub>([[iron|Fe]], [[manganese|Mn]], [[aluminium|Al]])<sub>2</sub>[[lithium|Li]]<sub>3</sub>[[silicon|Si]]<sub>12</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>30</sub>. Sugilite crystallizes in the [[Hexagonal (crystal system)|hexagonal]] system with prismatic crystals. The crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive. It has a [[Mohs hardness]] of 5.5–6.5 and a [[specific gravity]] of 2.75–2.80. It is mostly translucent.
Sugilite was first described in 1944 by the [[Japanese people|Japanese]] [[petrologist]] [[Ken-ichi Sugi]] (1901&ndash;1948) for an occurrence on Iwagi Islet, [[Japan]], where it is found in an [[aegirine]] [[syenite]] [[Intrusive rock|intrusive]] [[stock (geology)|stock]]. It is found in a similar environment at [[Mont Saint-Hilaire]], [[Quebec]], [[Canada]]. In the Wessels mine in [[Northern Cape Province]] of [[South Africa]], sugilite is mined from a [[stratum|strata-bound]] [[manganese]] deposit. It is also reported from [[Liguria]] and [[Tuscany]], [[Italy]]; [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]].
Sugilite was first described in 1944 by the [[Japanese people|Japanese]] [[petrologist]] Ken-ichi Sugi (1901&ndash;1948) for an occurrence on Iwagi Islet, [[Japan]], where it is found in an [[aegirine]] [[syenite]] [[Intrusive rock|intrusive]] [[stock (geology)|stock]]. It is found in a similar environment at [[Mont Saint-Hilaire]], [[Quebec]], [[Canada]]. In the Wessels mine in [[Northern Cape Province]] of [[South Africa]], sugilite is mined from a [[stratum|strata-bound]] [[manganese]] deposit. It is also reported from [[Liguria]] and [[Tuscany]], [[Italy]]; [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref name=HBM/>


Note: The mineral is commonly pronounced with a soft "g", as in "ginger". However, as with most minerals, its pronunciation is intended to be the same as the person it is named after; in this case, the Japanese name Sugi has a hard "g", as in "geese".<ref>{{cite web|title=OpenLearn Live: 8th September 2015 - Meet The Minerals|url=http://www.open.edu/openlearn/whats-on/events/openlearn-live-8th-september-2015#sugilite|website=OpenLearn|publisher=The Open University|accessdate=20 January 2016}}</ref>
Sugilite is commonly pronounced with a soft "g", as in "ginger". However, as with most minerals, its pronunciation is intended to be the same as the person it is named after; in this case, the Japanese name Sugi has a hard "g", as in "geese".<ref>{{cite web|title=OpenLearn Live: 8th September 2015 - Meet The Minerals|url=http://www.open.edu/openlearn/whats-on/events/openlearn-live-8th-september-2015#sugilite|website=OpenLearn|publisher=The Open University|access-date=20 January 2016}}</ref>


The mineral is also referred to as lavulite, luvulite, and royal azel by gem and mineral collectors.<ref name=Mindat/>
⚫
[[File:Sugilite-40452.jpg|thumb|left|Purple sugilite on a matrix of [[baryte]] crystals, Wessels Mine in Northern Cape Province, South Africa, size: 2.4 x 2.1 x 1.2 cm]]

In Japan, sugilite is found as yellowish-white to colourless, and is not good for jewellery.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gem-a.com/understanding-sugilite-gemstones-minerals | title=Understanding Sugilite &#124; Gem-A | date=15 May 2019 }}</ref>

⚫
[[File:Sugilite-162617.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.25| Sugilite on Matrix, Wessels Mine in Northern Cape Province, South Africa, size: 2.4 × 2.1 × 1.2 cm]]
[[File:Owl in sugilite 9 cm high arp.jpg|thumb|left|Sugilite owl and mouse, height 9 cm (3.5 in)]]
{{clear}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 17: Line 60:
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
{{commons category|Sugilite}}
{{commons category|Sugilite}}
*[http://www.cst.cmich.edu/users/dietr1rv/sugilite.htm R. V. Dietrich]


{{Manganese minerals}}
{{Manganese minerals}}

{{Lithium compounds}}
[[Category:Potassium minerals]]
[[Category:Potassium minerals]]
[[Category:Sodium minerals]]
[[Category:Sodium minerals]]
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[[Category:Gemstones]]
[[Category:Gemstones]]
[[Category:Hexagonal minerals]]
[[Category:Hexagonal minerals]]
[[Category:Minerals in space group 192]]
[[Category:Minerals described in 1944]]

Latest revision as of 21:45, 27 July 2024

Sugilite
16kg Manganoan Sugilite, GIA Laboratory Certified, Smithsonian Exhibition Stone, I.Kurgan Royal Azel, Hall of Gems Smithsonian Museum 1981, Wessels Mine in Northern Cape Province, South Africa
General
CategoryCyclosilicate
Formula
(repeating unit)		KNa2(Fe,Mn,Al)2Li3Si12O30
IMA symbolSug[1]
Strunz classification9.CM.05
Dana classification63.02.01a.09
Crystal systemHexagonal
Crystal classDihexagonal dipyramidal (6/mmm)
H-M symbol: (6/m 2/m 2/m)
Space groupP6/mcc
Unit cella = 10, c = 14 [Å]; Z = 2
Identification
ColorLight brownish-yellow, purple, violet, reddish violet, pale pink, colorless
Crystal habitPrismatic crystals, typically granular to massive
CleavagePoor on {0001}
Mohs scale hardness6–6+1⁄2
LusterVitreous
StreakWhite
DiaphaneityTransparent to translucent
Specific gravity2.74
Optical propertiesUniaxial (−)
Refractive indexnω = 1.610 nε = 1.607
Birefringenceδ = 0.003
PleochroismWeak
References[2][3][4]

Sugilite (/ˈsuːɡəlaɪt, -dʒi-/ SOO-gə-lyte, -⁠jee-)[2][3] is a relatively rare pink to purple cyclosilicate mineral with the complex chemical formula KNa2(Fe, Mn, Al)2Li3Si12O30. Sugilite crystallizes in the hexagonal system with prismatic crystals. The crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5–6.5 and a specific gravity of 2.75–2.80. It is mostly translucent. Sugilite was first described in 1944 by the Japanese petrologist Ken-ichi Sugi (1901–1948) for an occurrence on Iwagi Islet, Japan, where it is found in an aegirine syenite intrusive stock. It is found in a similar environment at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada. In the Wessels mine in Northern Cape Province of South Africa, sugilite is mined from a strata-bound manganese deposit. It is also reported from Liguria and Tuscany, Italy; New South Wales, Australia and Madhya Pradesh, India.[4]

Sugilite is commonly pronounced with a soft "g", as in "ginger". However, as with most minerals, its pronunciation is intended to be the same as the person it is named after; in this case, the Japanese name Sugi has a hard "g", as in "geese".[5]

The mineral is also referred to as lavulite, luvulite, and royal azel by gem and mineral collectors.[3]

In Japan, sugilite is found as yellowish-white to colourless, and is not good for jewellery.[6]

Sugilite on Matrix, Wessels Mine in Northern Cape Province, South Africa, size: 2.4 × 2.1 × 1.2 cm
Sugilite owl and mouse, height 9 cm (3.5 in)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
  2. ^ a b Barthelmy, David (2014). "Sugilite Mineral Data". Webmineral.com. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  3. ^ a b c Sugilite, Mindat.org
  4. ^ a b Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C. (2005). "Sugilite" (PDF). Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineral Data Publishing. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  5. ^ "OpenLearn Live: 8th September 2015 - Meet The Minerals". OpenLearn. The Open University. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  6. ^ "Understanding Sugilite | Gem-A". 15 May 2019.
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