Jump to content

Pedicularis: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Moved to more specific category
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
5,356,459 edits
Added bibcode. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | #UCB_webform 2578/3443
 
(47 intermediate revisions by 39 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants belonging to the broomrape family}}
{{taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Pedicularis foliosa1.JPG
|image_caption = ''Pedicularis foliosa''
| image = Pedicularis bracteosa 7613.JPG
| image_caption = ''Pedicularis bracteosa''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
| taxon = Pedicularis
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]\
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| subdivision = 650+, see text
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| synonyms = {{hidden begin|title = List}}
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
* ''Elephantella'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|familia = [[Orobanchaceae]]
* ''Enslenia'' <small>Raf.</small>
|genus = '''''Pedicularis'''''
* ''Nelensia'' <small>Poir.</small>
|subdivision_ranks = Species
* ''Pediculariopsis'' <small>Á.Löve & D.Löve</small>
|subdivision = 500+, see text
* ''Prosopia'' <small>Rchb.</small>
|}}
* ''Scepanium'' <small>Ehrh.</small>
'''''Pedicularis''''' is a genus of perennial green [[Parasitic plant|root parasite]] plants belonging to the broomrape family [[Orobanchaceae]]. Between 350 and 600 species are accepted by different authorities, mostly from the wetter northern temperate zones, as well as from South America. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with 352 species accepted in [[China]] alone by the [[Flora of China (journal)|''Flora of China'']] (not detailed here; see external links for details).
* ''Sceptrum'' <small>J.O.Rudbeck ex Hartm.</small>
{{hidden end}}
}}


'''''Pedicularis''''' is a genus of [[Perennial plant|perennial]] green [[Parasitic plant|root parasite]] plants currently placed in the family [[Orobanchaceae]] (the genus previously having been placed in [[Scrophulariaceae]] ''[[sensu lato]]''<ref>[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=scrophulariaceae&find_genus=pedicularis&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch IPNI (''Pedicularis'' assigned to ''Scrophulariaceae'')]</ref>).
The common name '''lousewort''', applied to several species, derives from an old belief that these plants, when ingested, were responsible for [[lice]] infestations in stock.
[[File:Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum - Inflorescence - Niitvälja bog.jpg|thumb|230px|''[[Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum]]'' (Moor-king Lousewort)]]
[[File:Pedicularis semibarbata ssp charlestonensis 7.jpg|thumb|230px|''[[Pedicularis semibarbata]]'' ssp ''charlestonensis'' (pinewoods lousewort)]]
[[File:Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum - Bombus schrencki - Niitvälja bog.jpg|thumbnail|Pollination]]
[[File:Pedicularis zeylanica-Silent Valley-2016-08-13-001.jpg|thumb|230px|''[[Pedicularis zeylanica]]'']]


==Taxonomy==
;Selected species
The common name '''lousewort''', applied to several species, derives from an old belief that these plants, when ingested, were responsible for [[lice]] infestations in livestock.{{r|jepson}}{{r|wisflora}} The genus name ''Pedicularis'' is from the [[Latin language|Latin]] ''pediculus'' meaning louse.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Horn|first1=compiled and edited by Dennis Horn and Tavia Cathcart ; technical editor, Thomas E. Hemmerly ; photo editors, David Duhl and Dennis|title=Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians: the official field guide of the Tennessee Native Plant Society|date=2005|publisher=Lone Pine Pub.|location=[Edmonton]|isbn=978-1-55105-428-5|page=288}}</ref> Over 600 species are accepted, mostly from the wetter northern temperate zones, as well as from South America. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with 352 species accepted in China alone.<ref>Species accepted by the [[Flora of China (journal)|''Flora of China'']] (not detailed here; see external links for details).</ref><ref name="oneill_rana_2016">{{cite journal |last1=O'Neill |first1=A. R.| last2=Rana | first2= S. K. | date=2019 |title=An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |volume=12 |issue=14 |page=14|doi=10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y |pmid=26912113|pmc=4765049|doi-access=free }}</ref>
*''[[Pedicularis acaulis]]''

*''[[Pedicularis amoena]]''
===Selected species===
*''[[Pedicularis arguteserrata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis ascendens]]''
{{Main|List of Pedicularis species}}
{{Div col}}
*''[[Pedicularis asparagoides]]''
*''[[Pedicularis asplenifolia]]''
*''[[Pedicularis attollens]]'' (little elephant's head)
*''[[Pedicularis attollens]]''
*''[[Pedicularis bhutanomuscoides]]''
*''[[Pedicularis baumgartenii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis bracteosa]]'' (fern-leaf, towering, or bracted lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis brachyodonta]]''
Pedicularis caeruleoalbescens Wendelbo
*''[[Pedicularis bracteosa]]'' (Fern-leaf, Towering, or Bracted Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis cacuminidenta]]''
*''[[Pedicularis canadensis]]'' (Canadian Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis canadensis]]'' (Canadian lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis centranthera]]''
*''[[Pedicularis centranthera]]''
*''[[Pedicularis comosa]]''
*''[[Pedicularis contorta]]'' (coiled lousewort or white-coiled beak lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis compacta]]''
*''[[Pedicularis dasyantha]]'' (woolly lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis contorta]]'' (Coiled Lousewort or White-coiled Beak Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis densiflora]]'' (Indian warrior)
*''[[Pedicularis dasyantha]]'' (Woolly Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis dhurensis]]''
*''[[Pedicularis dasystachys]]''
*''[[Pedicularis dudleyi]]'' (Dudley's lousewort)<ref>{{citation
*''[[Pedicularis densiflora]]'' (Indian Warrior)
*''[[Pedicularis dudleyi]]'' (Dudley's Lousewort)<ref>{{citation
| title = The Status of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Animals and Plants of California
| title = The Status of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Animals and Plants of California
| publisher = [[California Department of Fish and Game]], Rare Plant Program
| publisher = [[California Department of Fish and Game]], Rare Plant Program
Line 41: Line 46:
| page = 181
| page = 181
| url = http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/species/t_e_spp/docs/2000/t_e11plants.pdf
| url = http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/species/t_e_spp/docs/2000/t_e11plants.pdf
| access-date = 2007-11-16}}</ref>
| format = [[PDF]]
*''[[Pedicularis elephantiflora]]''
| accessdate = 2007-11-16}}</ref>
*''[[Pedicularis elegans]]''
*''[[Pedicularis flammea]]'' (redrattle)
*''[[Pedicularis elongata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis foliosa]]'' (leafy lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis exaltata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis furbishiae]]'' (Furbish's lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis ferdinandi]]''
*''[[Pedicularis groenlandica]]'' (elephant's head)
*''[[Pedicularis flammea]]'' (Redrattle)
*''[[Pedicularis hirsuta]]'' (hairy lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis foliosa]]'' (Leafy Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis howellii]]'' (Howell's lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis furbishiae]]'' (Furbish's Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis friderici-augusti]]''
*''[[Pedicularis graeca]]''
*''[[Pedicularis groenlandica]]'' (Elephant's Head)
*''[[Pedicularis gyroflexa]]''
*''[[Pedicularis hacquetii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis heterodonta]]''
*''[[Pedicularis hirsuta]]'' (Hairy Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis howellii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis julica]]''
*''[[Pedicularis kaufmannii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis kaufmannii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis kerneri]]''
*''[[Pedicularis lanata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis labradorica]]''
*''[[Pedicularis lanceolata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis lapponica]]'' (Lapland Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis lapponica]]'' (Lapland lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis leucodon]]''
*''[[Pedicularis oederi]]'' (crimson-tipped lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis limnogena]]''
*''[[Pedicularis ornithorhyncha]]'' (duck's-bill/bird's-beak lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis mixta]]''
*''[[Pedicularis oxycarpa]]''
*''[[Pedicularis oederi]]'' (Crimson-tipped Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis palustris]]'' (marsh lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis ornithorhyncha]]'' (Ducksbill Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis parryi]]'' (Parry's lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis orthantha]]''
*''[[Pedicularis procera]]'' (giant lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis palustris]]'' (Marsh Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis racemosa]]'' (sickle-top lousewort, parrot's beak)
*''[[Pedicularis pectinata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis rainierensis]]'' ([[Mount Rainier]] lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis petiolaris]]''
*''[[Pedicularis physocalyx]]''
*''[[Pedicularis portenschlagii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis procera]]'' (Giant Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis pyrenaica]]''
*''[[Pedicularis racemosa]]'' (Parrot's Beak)
*''[[Pedicularis rainierensis]]''
*''[[Pedicularis recutita]]''
*''[[Pedicularis resupinata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis rosea]]''
*''[[Pedicularis rostratocapitata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis rostratocapitata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis rostratospicata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum]]'' (Moor-king lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum]]'' (Moor-king Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis semibarbata]]'' (pinewoods lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis schizocalyx]]''
*''[[Pedicularis sudetica]]'' (fernweed, Sudeten lousewort or Sedetic lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis semibarbata]]''
*''[[Pedicularis sylvatica]]'' (common lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis sibthorpii]]''
*''[[Pedicularis verticillata]]'' (verticillate lousewort)
{{Div col end}}
*''[[Pedicularis sudetica]]''
*''[[Pedicularis sylvatica]]'' (Common Lousewort)
*''[[Pedicularis tuberosa]]''
*''[[Pedicularis uralensis]]''
*''[[Pedicularis verticillata]]'' (Verticillate Lousewort)


== References ==
{{reflist}}
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Pedicularis&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=species Flora Europaea: ''Pedicularis'']
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124237 Flora of China: ''Pedicularis'']
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Pedicularis Jepson Manual: ''Pedicularis'']


==Pollination==
{{commons}}
''[[Bombus polaris]]'' has an essential role in the pollination of the large [[zygomorphic]] flowers of ''Pedicularis''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title = Insect Pollination of High Arctic Flowers|jstor = 2258569|journal = Journal of Ecology|date = 1972-11-01|pages = 831–847|volume = 60|issue = 3|doi = 10.2307/2258569|first = Peter G.|last = Kevan| bibcode=1972JEcol..60..831K }}</ref> ''B. polaris'' has a special adaption that allows it to work the spikes of ''Pedicularis'' from the bottom towards the top.<ref name=":0" />


==References==
[[Category:Pedicularis| ]]
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=jepson>[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Pedicularis Jepson Manual Treatment: ''Pedicularis'']</ref>
<ref name=wisflora>{{cite web |title=Online Virtual Flora of Wisconsin - Pedicularis canadensis |url=http://wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu/taxa/index.php?taxon=4443 |website=wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu |access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref>
}}
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Pedicularis&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=species Flora Europaea: ''Pedicularis'']


{{Taxonbar|from=Q129016}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Pedicularis| ]]
{{Lamiales-stub}}
[[Category:Orobanchaceae genera]]

[[Category:Parasitic plants]]
[[bg:Въшливче]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[de:Läusekräuter]]
[[et:Kuuskjalg]]
[[es:Pedicularis]]
[[fr:Pedicularis]]
[[hsb:Wšowica]]
[[ka:სატილია]]
[[kk:Қандыгүл]]
[[lt:Glindė]]
[[ja:シオガマギク属]]
[[pl:Gnidosz]]
[[pt:Pedicularis]]
[[ru:Мытник]]
[[fi:Kuusiot]]
[[zh:马先蒿属]]

Latest revision as of 04:28, 29 July 2024

Pedicularis
Pedicularis bracteosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Tribe: Pedicularideae
Genus: Pedicularis
L.\
Species

650+, see text

Synonyms
List
  • Elephantella Rydb.
  • Enslenia Raf.
  • Nelensia Poir.
  • Pediculariopsis Á.Löve & D.Löve
  • Prosopia Rchb.
  • Scepanium Ehrh.
  • Sceptrum J.O.Rudbeck ex Hartm.

Pedicularis is a genus of perennial green root parasite plants currently placed in the family Orobanchaceae (the genus previously having been placed in Scrophulariaceae sensu lato[1]).

Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum (Moor-king Lousewort)
Pedicularis semibarbata ssp charlestonensis (pinewoods lousewort)
Pollination
Pedicularis zeylanica

Taxonomy

[edit]

The common name lousewort, applied to several species, derives from an old belief that these plants, when ingested, were responsible for lice infestations in livestock.[2][3] The genus name Pedicularis is from the Latin pediculus meaning louse.[4] Over 600 species are accepted, mostly from the wetter northern temperate zones, as well as from South America. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with 352 species accepted in China alone.[5][6]

Selected species

[edit]
Main article: List of Pedicularis species

Pedicularis caeruleoalbescens Wendelbo


Pollination

[edit]

Bombus polaris has an essential role in the pollination of the large zygomorphic flowers of Pedicularis.[8] B. polaris has a special adaption that allows it to work the spikes of Pedicularis from the bottom towards the top.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ IPNI (Pedicularis assigned to Scrophulariaceae)
  2. ^ Jepson Manual Treatment: Pedicularis
  3. ^ "Online Virtual Flora of Wisconsin - Pedicularis canadensis". wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
  4. ^ Horn, compiled and edited by Dennis Horn and Tavia Cathcart ; technical editor, Thomas E. Hemmerly ; photo editors, David Duhl and Dennis (2005). Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians: the official field guide of the Tennessee Native Plant Society. [Edmonton]: Lone Pine Pub. p. 288. ISBN 978-1-55105-428-5. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Species accepted by the Flora of China (not detailed here; see external links for details).
  6. ^ O'Neill, A. R.; Rana, S. K. (2019). "An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 12 (14): 14. doi:10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y. PMC 4765049. PMID 26912113.
  7. ^ The Status of Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Animals and Plants of California (PDF), California Department of Fish and Game, Rare Plant Program, 2000, p. 181, retrieved 2007-11-16
  8. ^ a b Kevan, Peter G. (1972-11-01). "Insect Pollination of High Arctic Flowers". Journal of Ecology. 60 (3): 831–847. Bibcode:1972JEcol..60..831K. doi:10.2307/2258569. JSTOR 2258569.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Pedicularis&oldid=1237312093"