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{{Short description|Program for beyond-Earth flight in the Southeast Asian state}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox space agency
{{Infobox space agency
| name = Philippine Space Agency
| name = Philippine Space Agency
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| seal_size =
| seal_size =
| seal_cap =
| seal_cap =
| logo = PhilSA Logo with text (vertical).png
| logo = Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA).svg
| logo_caption = PhilSA Logo
| logo_caption =
| image =
| image =
| size =
| size =
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| owner = [[Office of the President of the Philippines|Office of the President]]
| owner = [[Office of the President of the Philippines|Office of the President]]
| established = {{start date and age|2019|08|08}}
| established = {{start date and age|2019|08|08}}
| headquarters = 29th Floor, Cyber One Building, 11 Eastwood Ave. Bagumbayan [[Quezon City]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Contact Us |url=https://philsa.gov.ph/contact/ |access-date=April 22, 2024 |work=PhilSA |date=April 22, 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
| headquarters = [[Quezon City]], [[Philippines]] {{small|(''de facto'')}}<br />[[New Clark City]], [[Capas, Tarlac|Capas]], [[Tarlac]], [[Philippines]] {{small|(''de jure'')}}
| employees = 50 (July 2021)<ref>{{cite news |title=Philippine Space Agency aims to foster local space era opportunities |url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/07/14/21/philippine-space-agency-foster-local-space-era-opportunities |access-date=23 July 2021 |work=ABS-CBN News |date=14 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
| employees = 50 (July 2021)<ref>{{cite news |title=Philippine Space Agency aims to foster local space era opportunities |url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/07/14/21/philippine-space-agency-foster-local-space-era-opportunities |access-date=July 23, 2021 |work=ABS-CBN News |date=July 14, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
| spaceport = None
| spaceport = None
| motto =
| motto =
| administrator = [[Joel Marciano Jr.]], Director-General
| administrator = [[Joel Marciano Jr.]], Director-General
| budget = ₱313.72 million (2021)<ref name="GAAFY2021">https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/GAA/GAA2021/TechGAA2021/OEO/W.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>
| budget = ₱847.66 million (2023)<ref name="GAAFY2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/GAA/GAA2023/VolumeI/OEO/X.pdf |title=General Appropriations Act FY 2023-Volume I-B Philippine Space Agency |access-date=July 29, 2023 }}</ref>
| language =
| language =
| URL = {{URL|https://philsa.gov.ph}}
| URL = {{URL|https://philsa.gov.ph}}
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The '''Philippine Space Agency''' ('''PhilSA''') is the national [[space agency]] of the Philippines.
The '''Philippine Space Agency''' ('''PhilSA''') is the national [[space agency]] of the Philippines.


The unified space agency is defined by the Philippine Space Act (Republic Act No. 11363) which was signed into law on August 8, 2019, by President [[Rodrigo Duterte]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Parrocha |first1=Azer |title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077724 |access-date=13 August 2019 |work=[[Philippine News Agency]] |date=13 August 2019}}</ref> intended to manage and operate the decentralized [[Philippine space program|space program of the Philippine government]], which was handled by various agencies of the [[Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)|Department of Science and Technology]] (DOST).
The unified space agency is defined by the Philippine Space Act (Republic Act No. 11363) which was signed into law on August 8, 2019, by President [[Rodrigo Duterte]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Parrocha |first1=Azer |title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077724 |access-date=August 13, 2019 |work=[[Philippine News Agency]] |date=August 13, 2019}}</ref> intended to manage and operate the decentralized [[Philippine space program|space program of the Philippine government]], which was handled by various agencies of the [[Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)|Department of Science and Technology]] (DOST).


==History==
==History==
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# insufficient funding; and
# insufficient funding; and
# lack of a centralized agency to manage the space program.<ref name="smallsteps">{{cite news|last1=de Guzman|first1=Chad|title=PH takes small steps, as it aims for giant leaps in space technology|url=http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/03/23/ph-space-program-development-DIWATA1-DIWATA2-philippine-space-act.html|access-date=21 April 2018|work=CNN Philippines|date=23 March 2018}}</ref>
# lack of a centralized agency to manage the space program.<ref name="smallsteps">{{cite news|last1=de Guzman|first1=Chad|title=PH takes small steps, as it aims for giant leaps in space technology|url=http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/03/23/ph-space-program-development-DIWATA1-DIWATA2-philippine-space-act.html|access-date=April 21, 2018|work=CNN Philippines|date=March 23, 2018|archive-date=April 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422101608/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/03/23/ph-space-program-development-DIWATA1-DIWATA2-philippine-space-act.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>


In the absence of a formal space agency, the DOST funded the National Space Development Program to set up the foundations of a future space agency.<ref name="flyhigh">{{cite news |last1=Tumampos |first1=Stephanie |last2=Resurreccion |first2=Lyn |title=PHL flying high–into space |url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/phl-flying-high-into-space/ |access-date=29 October 2018 |work=BusinessMirror |date=29 October 2018}}</ref> Several government agencies under the DOST had previously maintained the country's space program; namely the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA), the [[National Mapping and Resource Information Authority]] (NAMRIA), and the [[National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council]] (NDRRMC).<ref name="why">{{cite news|last1=Luces|first1=Kim|title=Reaching for the stars: Why the Philippines needs a space program|url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/330981/scitech/science/reaching-for-the-stars-why-the-philippines-needs-a-space-program|access-date=June 30, 2014|work=GMA News|date=October 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="govt space agency">{{cite news|last1=Cinco|first1=Maricar|title=Gov't space agency pushed|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/303644/govt-space-agency-pushed|access-date=June 30, 2014|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=November 7, 2012}}</ref><ref name="upgrade weather">{{cite news|last1=Pineda|first1=Oscar|title=Country needs to upgrade weather detection gear|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2013/03/10/country-needs-upgrade-weather-detection-gear-272156|access-date=June 30, 2014|work=Sun Star Cebu|date=March 10, 2013}}</ref> The DOST and the [[Manila Observatory]] crafted a 10-year masterplan in 2012 to make the Philippines a "space-capable country" by 2022.<ref name="space plan">{{cite news|last1=Usman|first1=Edd|title=PH to become 'space-capable' in 10 yrs, according to DOST|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/ph-to-become-space-capable-in-10-yrs-according-to-dost/#rw7LkUMIusl2I6he.99|access-date=30 March 2015|publisher=Manila Bulletin|date=29 March 2015}}</ref> The scientists involved in the program's planning gave the media a copy of a draft bill written by Deocaris which they submitted to [[AGHAM Partylist]] Rep. Angelo Palmones of the [[15th Congress of the Philippines|15th Congress]] (26 July 2010 – 6 June 2013) for the enactment of what is to be known the "Philippine Space Act of 2012" (''House Bill No. 6725'').<ref name="HB06725">{{Citation|url=http://bsp.dost.gov.ph/bsp-news/8-news/26-planetary-scientists-launch-space-movement|title=Planetary Scientists Launch Space Movement|last=Usman|first=Edd K|date=December 14, 2012|publisher=Philippine Department of Science and Technology}}{{Dead link|date=May 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
In the absence of a formal space agency, the DOST funded the National Space Development Program to set up the foundations of a future space agency.<ref name="flyhigh">{{cite news |last1=Tumampos |first1=Stephanie |last2=Resurreccion |first2=Lyn |title=PHL flying high–into space |url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/phl-flying-high-into-space/ |access-date=October 29, 2018 |work=BusinessMirror |date=October 29, 2018}}</ref> Several government agencies under the DOST had previously maintained the country's space program; namely the [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA), the [[National Mapping and Resource Information Authority]] (NAMRIA), and the [[National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council]] (NDRRMC).<ref name="why">{{cite news|last1=Luces|first1=Kim|title=Reaching for the stars: Why the Philippines needs a space program|url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/330981/scitech/science/reaching-for-the-stars-why-the-philippines-needs-a-space-program|access-date=June 30, 2014|work=GMA News|date=October 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="govt space agency">{{cite news|last1=Cinco|first1=Maricar|title=Gov't space agency pushed|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/303644/govt-space-agency-pushed|access-date=June 30, 2014|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=November 7, 2012}}</ref><ref name="upgrade weather">{{cite news|last1=Pineda|first1=Oscar|title=Country needs to upgrade weather detection gear|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2013/03/10/country-needs-upgrade-weather-detection-gear-272156|access-date=June 30, 2014|work=Sun Star Cebu|date=March 10, 2013|archive-date=September 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917103122/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/274066/Business/-Country-needs-to-upgrade-weather-detection-gear/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The DOST and the [[Manila Observatory]] crafted a 10-year masterplan in 2012 to make the Philippines a "space-capable country" by 2022.<ref name="space plan">{{cite news|last1=Usman|first1=Edd|title=PH to become 'space-capable' in 10 yrs, according to DOST|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/ph-to-become-space-capable-in-10-yrs-according-to-dost/#rw7LkUMIusl2I6he.99|access-date=March 30, 2015|publisher=Manila Bulletin|date=March 29, 2015}}</ref> The scientists involved in the program's planning gave the media a copy of a draft bill written by Deocaris which they submitted to [[AGHAM Partylist]] Rep. Angelo Palmones of the [[15th Congress of the Philippines|15th Congress]] (July 26, 2010 – June 6, 2013) for the enactment of what is to be known the "Philippine Space Act of 2012" (''House Bill No. 6725'').<ref name="HB06725">{{Citation|url=http://bsp.dost.gov.ph/bsp-news/8-news/26-planetary-scientists-launch-space-movement|title=Planetary Scientists Launch Space Movement|last=Usman|first=Edd K|date=December 14, 2012|publisher=Philippine Department of Science and Technology}}{{Dead link|date=May 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


In 2014, the country started a micro-satellite program where local engineers developed and produced the [[Diwata-1]], [[Diwata-2]] and [[Maya-1]], which were all subsequently launched into space via foreign facilities. All three satellites were a success.
In 2014, the country started a [[micro-satellite]] program where local engineers developed and produced the [[Diwata-1]], [[Diwata-2]] and [[Maya-1]], which were all subsequently launched into space via foreign facilities. All three satellites were a success.


===Legislative history===
===Legislative history===
The Philippine Space Agency was proposed to be established through legislation particularly through the [[17th Congress of the Philippines|17th Congress]] (25 July 2016 – 4 June 2019)'s "Philippine Space Act of 2016" (''House Bill No. 3637'')<ref name="HB03637">{{cite web|url=http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB03637.pdf|title=Philippine Space Act of 2016|date=15 September 2016|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#House of Representatives|17th Philippine House of Representatives]]|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref> and "Philippine Space Act" (''Senate Bill No. 1211'').<ref name="SB01211">{{cite web|url=https://senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-1211|title=SBN-1211: Philippine Space Act|date=15 September 2016|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate]]|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref> On 27 November 2018, The House of Representatives passed the alternative bill, the "Philippine Space Development Act" (''HB No. 8541''),<ref name="HB08541">{{cite web|url=http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/first_17/CR00922.pdf|title=Philippine Space Development Act|date=5 November 2018|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#House of Representatives|17th Philippine House of Representatives]]|access-date=24 September 2018}}</ref> on the 2nd reading. "The bill also provides for a Philippine Space Development and Utilization Policy (PSDUP) that shall serve as the country’s primary strategic roadmap for space development and embody the country’s central goal of becoming a space-capable and space-faring nation in the next decade."<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA">{{cite news|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1055098|title=House okays PH Space Dev't bill on 2nd reading|date=27 November 2018|access-date=29 November 2018|website=[[Philippine News Agency]]}}</ref> DOST Secretary Fortunato dela Peña was in favor ''HB 8541''.<ref name="importance">{{cite news|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1060680|title=DOST execs note importance of Space Agency creation|last1=Arayata|first1=Ma. Cristina|date=1 February 2019|access-date=3 February 2019|website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref>
The Philippine Space Agency was proposed to be established through legislation particularly through the [[17th Congress of the Philippines|17th Congress]] (July 25, 2016 – June 4, 2019)'s "Philippine Space Act of 2016" (''House Bill No. 3637'')<ref name="HB03637">{{cite web|url=http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB03637.pdf|title=Philippine Space Act of 2016|date=September 15, 2016|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#House of Representatives|17th Philippine House of Representatives]]|access-date=September 24, 2018|archive-date=September 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917103129/http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB03637.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> and "Philippine Space Act" (''Senate Bill No. 1211'').<ref name="SB01211">{{cite web|url=https://senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-1211|title=SBN-1211: Philippine Space Act|date=September 15, 2016|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate]]|access-date=September 24, 2018}}</ref> On November 27, 2018, The House of Representatives passed the alternative bill, the "Philippine Space Development Act" (''HB No. 8541''),<ref name="HB08541">{{cite web|url=http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/first_17/CR00922.pdf|title=Philippine Space Development Act|date=November 5, 2018|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#House of Representatives|17th Philippine House of Representatives]]|access-date=September 24, 2018|archive-date=September 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917103232/http://congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/first_17/CR00922.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> on the 2nd reading. "The bill also provides for a Philippine Space Development and Utilization Policy (PSDUP) that shall serve as the country’s primary strategic roadmap for space development and embody the country’s central goal of becoming a space-capable and space-faring nation in the next decade."<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA">{{cite news|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1055098|title=House okays PH Space Dev't bill on 2nd reading|date=November 27, 2018|access-date=November 29, 2018|website=[[Philippine News Agency]]}}</ref> DOST Secretary Fortunato dela Peña was in favor ''HB 8541''.<ref name="importance">{{cite news|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1060680|title=DOST execs note importance of Space Agency creation|last1=Arayata|first1=Ma. Cristina|date=February 1, 2019|access-date=February 3, 2019|website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref>


In December 2018, ''HB 8541'' was approved on the third and final reading with 207 affirmative votes with no votes against or abstentions. Under the bill, the agency was to be attached to the DOST. The bill also creates the Philippine Space Development Fund to be used exclusively for its operation. The astronomical space-related functions of the [[Department of Transportation (Philippines)|Department of Transportation]] (DOTr) and DOST will also be transferred to the Philippine Space Agency, under the bill.<ref name="House Okays HB08541 Inquirer">{{Cite web|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1059969/philippine-space-development-bill-gets-house-nod|title=Philippine space development bill gets House nod|last=Roxas|first=Pathricia Ann V.|date=December 4, 2018|website=Philippine Daily Inquirer|access-date=December 26, 2018}}</ref>
In December 2018, ''HB 8541'' was approved on the third and final reading with 207 affirmative votes with no votes against or abstentions. Under the bill, the agency was to be attached to the DOST. The bill also creates the Philippine Space Development Fund to be used exclusively for its operation. The astronomical space-related functions of the [[Department of Transportation (Philippines)|Department of Transportation]] (DOTr) and DOST will also be transferred to the Philippine Space Agency, under the bill.<ref name="House Okays HB08541 Inquirer">{{Cite news|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1059969/philippine-space-development-bill-gets-house-nod|title=Philippine space development bill gets House nod|last=Roxas|first=Pathricia Ann V.|date=December 4, 2018|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|access-date=December 26, 2018}}</ref>


The "Philippine Space Act" (''Senate Bill No. 1983'') was passed with 18 senators approving for the proposed legislation's passage with no negative votes in May 2019,<ref name="Senate Okays SB01983">{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1070254|title=Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency|last1=Cervantes|first1=Filane Mikee|date=20 May 2019|access-date=20 May 2019|website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref> hence dedicating ₱1bil from the current fiscal year's appropriation with subsequent funding from the General Appropriations Act, plus an additional ₱1bil from the [[Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation]] (PAGCOR) and [[Bases Conversion and Development Authority]] (BCDA) with ₱2bil released annually.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1070254|title=Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency|date=20 May 2019|access-date=20 May 2019|website=[[Philippine News Agency]]}}</ref> The Bicameral Committee ratified ''HB 8541'' on 4 June 2019 placing the space agency under the Office of the President. The proposed legislation (a harmonization of ''HB 8541'' & ''SBN 1983'') was due for signing into law by [[President of the Philippines|President]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]].<ref name="Ready for Signing">{{cite news|url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2019/06/04/philippine-space-agency-ready-for-president-dutertes-signature/|title=Philippine Space Agency, ready for President Duterte's signature|last=Tumampos|first=Stephanie|date=4 June 2019|newspaper=BusinessMirror|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref> The Senate info-page for ''Senate Bill 1983'' reports presentation of the harmonized bill to the Presidential [[Malacañang Palace]] on 9 July 2019.<ref name="SB01983">{{cite web|url=https://senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-1983|title=SBN-1983: Philippine Space Act Leg. History|date=30 June 2019|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate]]|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref>
The "Philippine Space Act" (''Senate Bill No. 1983'') was passed with 18 senators approving for the proposed legislation's passage with no negative votes in May 2019,<ref name="Senate Okays SB01983">{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1070254|title=Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency|last1=Cervantes|first1=Filane Mikee|date=May 20, 2019|access-date=May 20, 2019|website=Philippine News Agency}}</ref> hence dedicating ₱1bil from the current fiscal year's appropriation with subsequent funding from the General Appropriations Act, plus an additional ₱1bil from the [[Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation]] (PAGCOR) and [[Bases Conversion and Development Authority]] (BCDA) with ₱2bil released annually.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1070254|title=Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency|date=May 20, 2019|access-date=May 20, 2019|website=[[Philippine News Agency]]}}</ref> The Bicameral Committee ratified ''HB 8541'' on June 4, 2019, placing the space agency under the Office of the President. The proposed legislation (a harmonization of ''HB 8541'' & ''SBN 1983'') was due for signing into law by [[President of the Philippines|President]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]].<ref name="Ready for Signing">{{cite news|url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/2019/06/04/philippine-space-agency-ready-for-president-dutertes-signature/|title=Philippine Space Agency, ready for President Duterte's signature|last=Tumampos|first=Stephanie|date=June 4, 2019|newspaper=BusinessMirror|access-date=July 23, 2019}}</ref> The Senate info-page for ''Senate Bill 1983'' reports presentation of the harmonized bill to the Presidential [[Malacañang Palace]] on July 9, 2019.<ref name="SB01983">{{cite web|url=https://senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-1983|title=SBN-1983: Philippine Space Act Leg. History|date=June 30, 2019|publisher=[[17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate]]|access-date=July 23, 2019}}</ref>


===Formation===
===Formation===
Duterte signed the "Philippine Space Act" (RA 11363) on 8 August 2019 and a copy was released to reporters on August 13.
Duterte signed the "Philippine Space Act" (RA 11363) on August 8, 2019, and a copy was released to reporters on August 13.


In signing the new law, Duterte recognized the “urgent need to create a coherent and unified strategy for space development and utilization to keep up with other nations in terms of space science and technology.” thus established the agency<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077724|title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency|last1=Parrocha|first1=Azer|date=13 August 2019|work=[[Philippine News Agency]]|access-date=13 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1153405/duterte-signs-law-creating-philippine-space-agency|title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency|last1=Esguerra|first1=Darryl John|date=13 August 2019|work=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|access-date=13 August 2019}}</ref>[[File:Philippine Space Agency establishment PC.jpg|thumb|Press conference on the establishment of the Philippine Space Agency, August 14, 2019.]]
In signing the new law, Duterte recognized the “urgent need to create a coherent and unified strategy for space development and utilization to keep up with other nations in terms of space science and technology.” thus established the agency<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077724|title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency|last1=Parrocha|first1=Azer|date=August 13, 2019|work=[[Philippine News Agency]]|access-date=August 13, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1153405/duterte-signs-law-creating-philippine-space-agency|title=Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency|last1=Esguerra|first1=Darryl John|date=August 13, 2019|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|access-date=August 13, 2019}}</ref>[[File:Philippine Space Agency establishment PC.jpg|thumb|Press conference on the establishment of the Philippine Space Agency, August 14, 2019.]]
[[File:Duterte establishing the Philippine space agency.png|left|thumb|President [[Rodrigo Duterte]] signs the Philippine Space Act (RA 11363), August 2019]]
[[File:Duterte establishing the Philippine space agency.png|left|thumb|President [[Rodrigo Duterte]] signs the Philippine Space Act (RA 11363), August 2019]]


Following the Space Act's signing into law, DOST Secretary Dela Peña has written to the Office of the President to initiate the drafting of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the space agency.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Arayata |first1=Maria Cristina |title=DOST chief wants OP to initiate drafting of Space Agency's IRR |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077943 |access-date=19 August 2019 |agency=Philippine News Agency |date=16 August 2019}}</ref>
Following the Space Act's signing into law, DOST Secretary Dela Peña has written to the Office of the President to initiate the drafting of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the space agency.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Arayata |first1=Maria Cristina |title=DOST chief wants OP to initiate drafting of Space Agency's IRR |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1077943 |access-date=August 19, 2019 |work=Philippine News Agency |date=August 16, 2019}}</ref>


The first head of Philippine Space Agency, [[Joel Marciano Jr.]] was appointed on December 5, 2019, by President Duterte.<ref name="firsthead">{{cite news|url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/1/7/duterte-presidential-adviser-space-matters-philippine-space-agency.html|title=Duterte appoints first head of Philippine Space Agency|date=7 January 2020|work=CNN Philippines|access-date=9 January 2020}}</ref>
The first head of Philippine Space Agency, [[Joel Marciano Jr.]] was appointed on December 5, 2019, by President Duterte.<ref name="firsthead">{{cite news|url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/1/7/duterte-presidential-adviser-space-matters-philippine-space-agency.html|title=Duterte appoints first head of Philippine Space Agency|date=January 7, 2020|work=CNN Philippines|access-date=January 9, 2020|archive-date=January 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109071900/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/1/7/duterte-presidential-adviser-space-matters-philippine-space-agency.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Although by law, PhilSA should hold its main office in Clark,<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA"/> the space agency decided to temporarily hold office in [[Quezon City]] at least until 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Where is PhilSA Located? |url=https://www.facebook.com/PhilSpaceAgency/photos/a.113078297218739/146286020564633/?type=3 |website=Facebook |publisher=Philippine Space Agency |access-date=7 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204000000/https://www.facebook.com/PhilSpaceAgency/photos/a.113078297218739/146286020564633/?type=3 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |quote=The PhilSA is currently setting up shop and will be based in Quezon City, at least until 2021.}} [https://scontent.fmnl3-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/130169245_146286047231297_1002314792438100722_n.png?_nc_cat=108&ccb=2&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=ke9Fi1pg3GIAX9x6lbm&_nc_ht=scontent.fmnl3-1.fna&oh=018f0f98ba4ed5e68f95f81c3bc5fe47&oe=5FF4F553 Alt URL]</ref> The space program started by the DOST in 2014 will also be transitioned to PhilSA.<ref>{{cite web |title=PH's Maya-2 launched into space: DOST |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1131386 |website=Philippine News Agency |access-date=23 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
Although by law, PhilSA should hold its main office in Clark,<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA"/> the space agency decided to temporarily hold office in [[Quezon City]] at least until 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Where is PhilSA Located? |url=https://www.facebook.com/PhilSpaceAgency/photos/a.113078297218739/146286020564633/?type=3 |website=Facebook |publisher=Philippine Space Agency |access-date=December 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204000000/https://www.facebook.com/PhilSpaceAgency/photos/a.113078297218739/146286020564633/?type=3 |archive-date=December 4, 2020 |quote=The PhilSA is currently setting up shop and will be based in Quezon City, at least until 2021.}} [https://scontent.fmnl3-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/130169245_146286047231297_1002314792438100722_n.png?_nc_cat=108&ccb=2&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=ke9Fi1pg3GIAX9x6lbm&_nc_ht=scontent.fmnl3-1.fna&oh=018f0f98ba4ed5e68f95f81c3bc5fe47&oe=5FF4F553 Alt URL]</ref> The space program started by the DOST in 2014 will also be transitioned to PhilSA.<ref>{{cite web |title=PH's Maya-2 launched into space: DOST |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1131386 |website=Philippine News Agency |access-date=February 23, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>


==Organization==
==Organization==
A Philippine Space Council, to be chaired by the President and composed of other key members of the Cabinet shall be created to act as the principal advisory body to the Director General. It is proposed that at least {{convert|30|ha}} will be allocated as PhilSA's headquarters and main research facility in an official site within the [[Clark Special Economic Zone]] in [[Pampanga]] and [[Tarlac]] with a target completion date of 2022. Additional facilities (launch sites, research and development) are also to be established in the future.<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA"/> The PhilSA announced in October 2021 that its headquarters, the National Space Center, would be built at [[New Clark City]] in [[Capas, Tarlac]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Space agency site to rise in New Clark City |url=https://www.bworldonline.com/space-agency-site-to-rise-in-new-clark-city/ |access-date=19 October 2021 |work=BusinessWorld |date=14 October 2021}}</ref>
The Philippine Space Council is the agency's principal advisory body. It is proposed that at least {{convert|30|ha}} will be allocated as PhilSA's headquarters and main research facility in an official site within the [[Clark Special Economic Zone]] in [[Pampanga]] and [[Tarlac]] with a target completion date of 2022. Additional facilities (launch sites, research and development) are also to be established in the future.<ref name="House Okays HB08541 PNA"/> The PhilSA announced in October 2021 that its headquarters, the National Space Center, would be built at [[New Clark City]] in [[Capas, Tarlac]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Space agency site to rise in New Clark City |url=https://www.bworldonline.com/space-agency-site-to-rise-in-new-clark-city/ |access-date=October 19, 2021 |work=BusinessWorld |date=October 14, 2021}}</ref>


The agency is mandated to focus on six areas — national security and development, hazard management and climate studies, space research and development, space industry capacity building, space education and awareness, and international cooperation.
The agency is mandated to focus on six areas — national security and development, hazard management and climate studies, space research and development, space industry capacity building, space education and awareness, and international cooperation.
[[File:Philippine Space Council meeting, December 2022.jpg|thumb|President [[Bongbong Marcos]] presides over the 6th Philippine Space Council meeting, December 19, 2022.]]


===Philippine Space Council===
===Philippine Space Council===
The Philippine Space Council is the primary advisory body. The council is headed by the [[President of the Philippines]], who leads the council as its chairperson.<ref>{{cite news |title=Philippines breaks new ground with own space agency |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/08/17/asia-pacific/science-health-asia-pacific/philippines-space-agency/#.XXKRhSgzaUk |access-date=6 September 2019 |work=Japan Times |agency=Kyodo |date=17 August 2019}}</ref> The following is the composition of the space council:<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ronnicque |first1=Neyzielle |title=Philippine Space Agency signed into law |url=https://asti.dost.gov.ph/communications/news-articles/philippine-space-agency-signed-into-law/ |access-date=6 September 2019 |work=DOST-Advanced Science and Technology Institute |date=15 August 2019}}</ref>
The Philippine Space Council is the primary advisory body to the Director General. The council is headed by the [[President of the Philippines]], who leads the council as its chairperson.<ref>{{cite news |title=Philippines breaks new ground with own space agency |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/08/17/asia-pacific/science-health-asia-pacific/philippines-space-agency/#.XXKRhSgzaUk |access-date=September 6, 2019 |work=Japan Times |agency=Kyodo |date=August 17, 2019}}</ref> The following is the composition of the space council:<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ronnicque |first1=Neyzielle |title=Philippine Space Agency signed into law |url=https://asti.dost.gov.ph/communications/news-articles/philippine-space-agency-signed-into-law/ |access-date=September 6, 2019 |work=DOST-Advanced Science and Technology Institute |date=August 15, 2019}}</ref>


*Chairperson – President of the Philippines
*Chairperson – President of the Philippines
Line 75: Line 79:


==Activities and program==
==Activities and program==
According to the Department of Science and Technology, the Philippines already possesses enough infrastructure to run a dedicated space agency. Since 2010, it has spent ₱7.48 billion (or $144 million) for space research and development, aided 5,500 scholars, trained more than 1,000 space science experts, and established 25 facilities in various parts of the Philippines. It has also developed six small-scale satellites ([[Diwata-1]], [[Diwata-2]], [[Maya-1]], [[Maya-2]], Maya-3, and Maya-4<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-31|title=Maya-3 and Maya-4 CubeSats launched to International Space Station|url=https://asti.dost.gov.ph/communications/news-articles/maya-3-and-maya-4-cubesats-launched-to-international-space-station/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=DOST-ASTI|language=en-US}}</ref>) and had them launched and deployed to space.<ref name="Budget">{{cite news |last1=Silver |first1=Andrew |title=The Philippines creates its first space agency |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02485-9#:~:text=In%20April%202016%2C%20the%20Japan,the%20Office%20of%20the%20President. |access-date=14 October 2020 |work=Nature |date=19 August 2019 |language=en |doi=10.1038/d41586-019-02485-9}}</ref><ref name=ready>{{cite news |title=Philippines ready and able to create its own space agency, minister says |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/02/01/asia-pacific/science-health-asia-pacific/philippines-ready-able-create-space-agency-minister-says/#.XFaSiFwzaUk |access-date=3 February 2019 |work=The Japan Times |agency=Kyodo |date=1 February 2019}}</ref>
According to the Department of Science and Technology, the Philippines already possesses enough infrastructure to run a dedicated space agency. Since 2010, it has spent ₱7.48 billion (or $144 million) for space research and development, aided 5,500 scholars, trained more than 1,000 space science experts, and established 25 facilities in various parts of the Philippines. It has also developed six small-scale satellites ([[Diwata-1]], [[Diwata-2]], [[Maya-1]], [[Maya-2]], Maya-3, Maya-4, Maya-5, and Maya-6<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 31, 2021|title=Maya-3 and Maya-4 CubeSats launched to International Space Station|url=https://asti.dost.gov.ph/communications/news-articles/maya-3-and-maya-4-cubesats-launched-to-international-space-station/|access-date=October 18, 2021|website=DOST-ASTI|language=en-US}}</ref>) and had them launched and deployed to space they planned to launch a much larger satellite named MULA to advance the space program in 2023 but have since postponed the launch till 2025 .<ref name="Budget">{{cite news |last1=Silver |first1=Andrew |title=The Philippines creates its first space agency |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02485-9#:~:text=In%20April%202016%2C%20the%20Japan,the%20Office%20of%20the%20President. |access-date=October 14, 2020 |journal=Nature |date=August 19, 2019 |language=en |doi=10.1038/d41586-019-02485-9}}</ref><ref name=ready>{{cite news |title=Philippines ready and able to create its own space agency, minister says |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/02/01/asia-pacific/science-health-asia-pacific/philippines-ready-able-create-space-agency-minister-says/#.XFaSiFwzaUk |access-date=February 3, 2019 |work=The Japan Times |agency=Kyodo |date=February 1, 2019}}</ref>
While the immediate goals of the agency will not involve launching its own rockets like [[NASA]] of the United States and [[JAXA]] of Japan, it is planned that the agency would pursue such goals in the long term.<ref name=ready/>
While the immediate goals of the agency will not involve launching rockets like with its [[United States]] and [[Japan]] counterparts [[NASA|National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA) and [[JAXA|Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency]] (JAXA), it is planned that the agency would pursue such goals in the long term.<ref name=ready/>


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 14:03, 29 July 2024

Philippine Space Agency
Agency overview
AbbreviationPhilSA
FormedAugust 8, 2019; 5 years ago (2019-08-08)
TypeSpace agency
Headquarters29th Floor, Cyber One Building, 11 Eastwood Ave. Bagumbayan Quezon City[1]
AdministratorJoel Marciano Jr., Director-General
Primary spaceportNone
OwnerOffice of the President
Employees50 (July 2021)[2]
Annual budget₱847.66 million (2023)[3]
Websitephilsa.gov.ph

The Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) is the national space agency of the Philippines.

The unified space agency is defined by the Philippine Space Act (Republic Act No. 11363) which was signed into law on August 8, 2019, by President Rodrigo Duterte,[4] intended to manage and operate the decentralized space program of the Philippine government, which was handled by various agencies of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST).

History

[edit]

Background

[edit]
Further information: Philippine space program

Prior to the creation of the agency, the Philippine space program had two primary challenges:

  1. insufficient funding; and
  2. lack of a centralized agency to manage the space program.[5]

In the absence of a formal space agency, the DOST funded the National Space Development Program to set up the foundations of a future space agency.[6] Several government agencies under the DOST had previously maintained the country's space program; namely the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA), and the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC).[7][8][9] The DOST and the Manila Observatory crafted a 10-year masterplan in 2012 to make the Philippines a "space-capable country" by 2022.[10] The scientists involved in the program's planning gave the media a copy of a draft bill written by Deocaris which they submitted to AGHAM Partylist Rep. Angelo Palmones of the 15th Congress (July 26, 2010 – June 6, 2013) for the enactment of what is to be known the "Philippine Space Act of 2012" (House Bill No. 6725).[11]

In 2014, the country started a micro-satellite program where local engineers developed and produced the Diwata-1, Diwata-2 and Maya-1, which were all subsequently launched into space via foreign facilities. All three satellites were a success.

Legislative history

[edit]

The Philippine Space Agency was proposed to be established through legislation particularly through the 17th Congress (July 25, 2016 – June 4, 2019)'s "Philippine Space Act of 2016" (House Bill No. 3637)[12] and "Philippine Space Act" (Senate Bill No. 1211).[13] On November 27, 2018, The House of Representatives passed the alternative bill, the "Philippine Space Development Act" (HB No. 8541),[14] on the 2nd reading. "The bill also provides for a Philippine Space Development and Utilization Policy (PSDUP) that shall serve as the country’s primary strategic roadmap for space development and embody the country’s central goal of becoming a space-capable and space-faring nation in the next decade."[15] DOST Secretary Fortunato dela Peña was in favor HB 8541.[16]

In December 2018, HB 8541 was approved on the third and final reading with 207 affirmative votes with no votes against or abstentions. Under the bill, the agency was to be attached to the DOST. The bill also creates the Philippine Space Development Fund to be used exclusively for its operation. The astronomical space-related functions of the Department of Transportation (DOTr) and DOST will also be transferred to the Philippine Space Agency, under the bill.[17]

The "Philippine Space Act" (Senate Bill No. 1983) was passed with 18 senators approving for the proposed legislation's passage with no negative votes in May 2019,[18] hence dedicating ₱1bil from the current fiscal year's appropriation with subsequent funding from the General Appropriations Act, plus an additional ₱1bil from the Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) and Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA) with ₱2bil released annually.[19] The Bicameral Committee ratified HB 8541 on June 4, 2019, placing the space agency under the Office of the President. The proposed legislation (a harmonization of HB 8541 & SBN 1983) was due for signing into law by President Rodrigo Duterte.[20] The Senate info-page for Senate Bill 1983 reports presentation of the harmonized bill to the Presidential Malacañang Palace on July 9, 2019.[21]

Formation

[edit]

Duterte signed the "Philippine Space Act" (RA 11363) on August 8, 2019, and a copy was released to reporters on August 13.

In signing the new law, Duterte recognized the “urgent need to create a coherent and unified strategy for space development and utilization to keep up with other nations in terms of space science and technology.” thus established the agency[22][23]

Press conference on the establishment of the Philippine Space Agency, August 14, 2019.
President Rodrigo Duterte signs the Philippine Space Act (RA 11363), August 2019

Following the Space Act's signing into law, DOST Secretary Dela Peña has written to the Office of the President to initiate the drafting of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the space agency.[24]

The first head of Philippine Space Agency, Joel Marciano Jr. was appointed on December 5, 2019, by President Duterte.[25]

Although by law, PhilSA should hold its main office in Clark,[15] the space agency decided to temporarily hold office in Quezon City at least until 2021.[26] The space program started by the DOST in 2014 will also be transitioned to PhilSA.[27]

Organization

[edit]

The Philippine Space Council is the agency's principal advisory body. It is proposed that at least 30 hectares (74 acres) will be allocated as PhilSA's headquarters and main research facility in an official site within the Clark Special Economic Zone in Pampanga and Tarlac with a target completion date of 2022. Additional facilities (launch sites, research and development) are also to be established in the future.[15] The PhilSA announced in October 2021 that its headquarters, the National Space Center, would be built at New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac.[28]

The agency is mandated to focus on six areas — national security and development, hazard management and climate studies, space research and development, space industry capacity building, space education and awareness, and international cooperation.

President Bongbong Marcos presides over the 6th Philippine Space Council meeting, December 19, 2022.

Philippine Space Council

[edit]

The Philippine Space Council is the primary advisory body to the Director General. The council is headed by the President of the Philippines, who leads the council as its chairperson.[29] The following is the composition of the space council:[30]

Activities and program

[edit]

According to the Department of Science and Technology, the Philippines already possesses enough infrastructure to run a dedicated space agency. Since 2010, it has spent ₱7.48 billion (or $144 million) for space research and development, aided 5,500 scholars, trained more than 1,000 space science experts, and established 25 facilities in various parts of the Philippines. It has also developed six small-scale satellites (Diwata-1, Diwata-2, Maya-1, Maya-2, Maya-3, Maya-4, Maya-5, and Maya-6[31]) and had them launched and deployed to space they planned to launch a much larger satellite named MULA to advance the space program in 2023 but have since postponed the launch till 2025 .[32][33] While the immediate goals of the agency will not involve launching rockets like with its United States and Japan counterparts National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), it is planned that the agency would pursue such goals in the long term.[33]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Contact Us". PhilSA. April 22, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  2. ^ "Philippine Space Agency aims to foster local space era opportunities". ABS-CBN News. July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  3. ^ "General Appropriations Act FY 2023-Volume I-B Philippine Space Agency" (PDF). Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  4. ^ Parrocha, Azer (August 13, 2019). "Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  5. ^ de Guzman, Chad (March 23, 2018). "PH takes small steps, as it aims for giant leaps in space technology". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on April 22, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
  6. ^ Tumampos, Stephanie; Resurreccion, Lyn (October 29, 2018). "PHL flying high–into space". BusinessMirror. Retrieved October 29, 2018.
  7. ^ Luces, Kim (October 15, 2013). "Reaching for the stars: Why the Philippines needs a space program". GMA News. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
  8. ^ Cinco, Maricar (November 7, 2012). "Gov't space agency pushed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
  9. ^ Pineda, Oscar (March 10, 2013). "Country needs to upgrade weather detection gear". Sun Star Cebu. Archived from the original on September 17, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
  10. ^ Usman, Edd (March 29, 2015). "PH to become 'space-capable' in 10 yrs, according to DOST". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
  11. ^ Usman, Edd K (December 14, 2012), Planetary Scientists Launch Space Movement, Philippine Department of Science and Technology[permanent dead link‍]
  12. ^ "Philippine Space Act of 2016" (PDF). 17th Philippine House of Representatives. September 15, 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 17, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  13. ^ "SBN-1211: Philippine Space Act". 17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate. September 15, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  14. ^ "Philippine Space Development Act" (PDF). 17th Philippine House of Representatives. November 5, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 17, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  15. ^ a b c "House okays PH Space Dev't bill on 2nd reading". Philippine News Agency. November 27, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2018.
  16. ^ Arayata, Ma. Cristina (February 1, 2019). "DOST execs note importance of Space Agency creation". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
  17. ^ Roxas, Pathricia Ann V. (December 4, 2018). "Philippine space development bill gets House nod". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  18. ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (May 20, 2019). "Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  19. ^ "Senate approves creation of PH Space Agency". Philippine News Agency. May 20, 2019. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  20. ^ Tumampos, Stephanie (June 4, 2019). "Philippine Space Agency, ready for President Duterte's signature". BusinessMirror. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
  21. ^ "SBN-1983: Philippine Space Act Leg. History". 17th Congress of the Philippines#Senate. June 30, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
  22. ^ Parrocha, Azer (August 13, 2019). "Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  23. ^ Esguerra, Darryl John (August 13, 2019). "Duterte signs law creating Philippine Space Agency". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
  24. ^ Arayata, Maria Cristina (August 16, 2019). "DOST chief wants OP to initiate drafting of Space Agency's IRR". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  25. ^ "Duterte appoints first head of Philippine Space Agency". CNN Philippines. January 7, 2020. Archived from the original on January 9, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2020.
  26. ^ "Where is PhilSA Located?". Facebook. Philippine Space Agency. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2020. The PhilSA is currently setting up shop and will be based in Quezon City, at least until 2021. Alt URL
  27. ^ "PH's Maya-2 launched into space: DOST". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  28. ^ "Space agency site to rise in New Clark City". BusinessWorld. October 14, 2021. Retrieved October 19, 2021.
  29. ^ "Philippines breaks new ground with own space agency". Japan Times. Kyodo. August 17, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  30. ^ Ronnicque, Neyzielle (August 15, 2019). "Philippine Space Agency signed into law". DOST-Advanced Science and Technology Institute. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  31. ^ "Maya-3 and Maya-4 CubeSats launched to International Space Station". DOST-ASTI. August 31, 2021. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
  32. ^ Silver, Andrew (August 19, 2019). "The Philippines creates its first space agency". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02485-9. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  33. ^ a b "Philippines ready and able to create its own space agency, minister says". The Japan Times. Kyodo. February 1, 2019. Retrieved February 3, 2019.
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