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{{Short description|American mycologist and science writer (1925–2019)}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Cardy Raper
| name = Cardy Raper
| birth_date = 1925
| birth_date = January 9, 1925
| death_date = September 5, 2019 (aged 94)
| nationality = American
| nationality = American
| workplaces = [[Harvard University]] <br>
| workplaces = [[Harvard University]] <br>
Line 12: Line 14:
}}
}}


'''Carlene Allen "Cardy" Raper''' (born 1925) is an American [[mycologist]] and science writer. She identified that certain species of mushroom bearing fungi have over 23,000 mating types. She is regarded as one of the first women taxonomists in mycology.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2018-03-01|title=Naming names: the first women taxonomists in mycology|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166061617300519|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=89|pages=63–84|doi=10.1016/j.simyco.2017.12.001|issn=0166-0616}}</ref> She is a Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].
'''Carlene Allen "Cardy" Raper''' (January 9, 1925 – September 5, 2019) was an American [[mycologist]] and science writer.<ref>{{cite web |title=In Memory of Carlene Allen "Cardy" Raper, 1925 – 2019 |url=https://burlingtonwritersworkshop.com/2019/09/24/in-memory-of-cardy-raper-1925-2019/ |publisher=Burlington Writers Workshop |accessdate=17 February 2020}}</ref> She identified that the fungus ''[[Schizophyllum commune]]'' has over 23,000 [[mating type]]s. She is regarded as one of the first women [[taxonomist]]s in mycology.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2018-03-01|title=Naming names: the first women taxonomists in mycology|journal=Studies in Mycology|language=en|volume=89|pages=63–84|doi=10.1016/j.simyco.2017.12.001|pmid=29910514|pmc=6002341|issn=0166-0616|last1=Maroske|first1=Sara|last2=May|first2=Tom W.}}</ref> She was a Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==
Raper wanted to be a scientist from the age of eight.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vermontpress.org/2016/04/27/cardy-raper/|title=Cardy Raper|date=2016-04-27|work=Vermont Press|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en-US}}</ref> She earned a Masters in science at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1946.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://alumniandfriends.uchicago.edu/philanthropic-societies/leaders-philanthropy-honor-rolls/maroon-loyalty-society-honor-roll?name=&tid=All&division=All&year=All&page=381|title=The Maroon Loyalty Society Honor Roll|date=2016-05-31|work=Alumni Association: Alumni, Parents, Families & Friends|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/841037522|title=A woman of science : an extraordinary journey of love, discovery, and the sex life of mushrooms|last=Cardy.|first=Raper,|isbn=9781578264421|location=[Hobart, New York]|oclc=841037522}}</ref> She worked on ''[[Achlya]]'' and ''[[Schizophyllum commune]]''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.mushroomthejournal.com/woman-of-science-an-interview-with-cardy-raper/|title=Woman of Science – an interview with Cardy Raper|date=2017-06-23|work=Mushroom|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en-US}}</ref> She married her college supervisor, [[Red Raper|John (Red) Raper]] in 1949.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Cardy-Raper/e/B006LN73LE|title=Amazon.com: Cardy Raper: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle|website=www.amazon.com|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She earned her PhD in 1977.
Raper wanted to be a scientist from the age of eight.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vermontpress.org/2016/04/27/cardy-raper/|title=Cardy Raper|date=2016-04-27|work=Vermont Press|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en-US}}</ref> She earned a master's degree in science at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1946.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://alumniandfriends.uchicago.edu/philanthropic-societies/leaders-philanthropy-honor-rolls/maroon-loyalty-society-honor-roll?name=&tid=All&division=All&year=All&page=381|title=The Maroon Loyalty Society Honor Roll|date=2016-05-31|work=Alumni Association: Alumni, Parents, Families & Friends|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=A woman of science : an extraordinary journey of love, discovery, and the sex life of mushrooms|last=Cardy.|first=Raper|date=2013 |isbn=9781578264421|location=[Hobart, New York]|oclc=841037522}}</ref> She worked on ''[[Achlya]]'' and ''[[Schizophyllum commune]]''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.mushroomthejournal.com/woman-of-science-an-interview-with-cardy-raper/|title=Woman of Science – an interview with Cardy Raper|date=2017-06-23|work=Mushroom|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en-US}}</ref> She married her college supervisor, [[Red Raper|John (Red) Raper]], in 1949.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Cardy-Raper/e/B006LN73LE|title=Amazon.com: Cardy Raper: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle|website=www.amazon.com|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She earned her PhD in 1977.


== Career ==
== Career ==
Raper worked alongside her husband, [[Red Raper]], on the mating-type mutants of ''[[Schizophyllum]]''.<ref name=":1" /> Her husband was Chair of the Biology Department at [[Harvard University]] when he died in 1974.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/05/24/archives/dr-john-raper-of-harvard-dies-expert-on-fungi-reproduction.html|title=Dr. John Raper of Harvard Dies; Expert on Fungi Reproduction|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1974/5/24/john-raper-dies-at-62-was/|title=John Raper Dies at 62; Was Bio Dept. Chairman {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson|website=www.thecrimson.com|language=en|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> After this, Cardy Raper began her formal career in science, working at [[Harvard University]] as a researcher and lecturer from 1974.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://cardyraper.com/about-the-author/|title=About the Author {{!}} Cardy Raper|website=cardyraper.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She worked in the [[Netherlands]] at the [[University of Hagen]] with Jos Wessels.<ref name=":1" /> In 1978 she joined [[Wellesley College]] as an Assistant Professor.<ref name=":2" /> After spending the summer of 1982 working with Bob Ullrich at the [[University of Vermont]], she decided to move there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://msafungi.org/wp-content/uploads/Inoculum/33(1).pdf|title=Mycological Society of America 1982 Newsletter|last=|first=|date=1982|website=Mycological Society of America|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> In 1983 she set up her own independent research laboratory the [[University of Vermont]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/academics/catalogue2011-12/?Page=read.php&p=/Departments_and_Programs/Microbiology_and_Molecular_Genetics_Department/Faculty|title=Catalogue 2011-12 : University of Vermont|last=Vermont|first=University of|website=www.uvm.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She remained there as an [[Emeritus Professor]] after her retirement in 1994. Raper identified that the [[Schizophyllum commune]] had more than 23,000 mating types.<ref name=":1" /> In 2008 there was a celebration of her contributions to science.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/microbiology/blog/wp-content/uploads/news2008.pdf|title=University of Vermont: Summer Newsletter 2008|last=|first=|date=|website=University of Vermont|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> In 2012 she was elected as a Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/microbiology/blog/wp-content/uploads/MMG-Newsletter-summer-2013.pdf|title=University of Vermont Summer Newsletter|last=|first=|date=2013|website=University of Vermont|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-members-elected-fellows-2|title=AAAS Members Elected as Fellows|date=2012-11-30|work=AAAS - The World's Largest General Scientific Society|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref>
Raper worked alongside her husband, Red Raper, on the mating-type mutants of ''[[Schizophyllum]]''.<ref name=":1" /> Her husband was chair of the biology department at Harvard University when he died in 1974.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/05/24/archives/dr-john-raper-of-harvard-dies-expert-on-fungi-reproduction.html|title=Dr. John Raper of Harvard Dies; Expert on Fungi Reproduction|work=The New York Times |date=24 May 1974 |access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1974/5/24/john-raper-dies-at-62-was/|title=John Raper Dies at 62; Was Bio Dept. Chairman {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson|website=www.thecrimson.com|language=en|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> After this, Cardy Raper began her formal career in science, working at Harvard University as a researcher and lecturer from 1974.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://cardyraper.com/about-the-author/|title=About the Author {{!}} Cardy Raper|website=cardyraper.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She worked in the Netherlands at the [[University of Hagen]] with Jos Wessels.<ref name=":1" /> In 1978 she joined [[Wellesley College]] as an assistant professor.<ref name=":2" /> After spending the summer of 1982 working with Bob Ullrich at the [[University of Vermont]], she decided to move there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://msafungi.org/wp-content/uploads/Inoculum/33(1).pdf|title=Mycological Society of America 1982 Newsletter|date=1982|website=Mycological Society of America|access-date=2018-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912030237/http://msafungi.org/wp-content/uploads/Inoculum/33(1).pdf|archive-date=2015-09-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1983 she set up her own independent research laboratory the University of Vermont.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/academics/catalogue2011-12/?Page=read.php&p=/Departments_and_Programs/Microbiology_and_Molecular_Genetics_Department/Faculty|title=Catalogue 2011-12 : University of Vermont|last=Vermont|first=University of|website=www.uvm.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She remained there as an [[emeritus professor]] after her retirement in 1994. Raper identified that ''Schizophyllum commune'' had more than 23,000 mating types.<ref name=":1" /> In 2008 there was a celebration of her contributions to science.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/microbiology/blog/wp-content/uploads/news2008.pdf|title=University of Vermont: Summer Newsletter 2008|website=University of Vermont|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> In 2012 she was elected as a Fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uvm.edu/microbiology/blog/wp-content/uploads/MMG-Newsletter-summer-2013.pdf|title=University of Vermont Summer Newsletter|date=2013|website=University of Vermont|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-members-elected-fellows-2|title=AAAS Members Elected as Fellows|date=2012-11-30|work=AAAS - The World's Largest General Scientific Society|access-date=2018-07-22|language=en}}</ref>


In 2017 she spoke at the [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]] Writers Workshop.<ref>{{Citation|last=RETN|title=Cardy Raper: Stories by the Fire 2017|date=2018-01-17|url=https://vimeo.com/251501973|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> Her son, Jonathan Raper, is a Professor of Cell Biology at the [[University of Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cdb.med.upenn.edu/people/jonathan-a-raper-ph-d/|title=Jonathan A. Raper, Ph.D. – Cell and Developmental Biology @ U Penn|website=cdb.med.upenn.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She and [[Red Raper]] also had a daughter, Linda.<ref name=":0" />
In 2017 she spoke at the [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]] Writers Workshop.<ref>{{Citation|last=RETN|title=Cardy Raper: Stories by the Fire 2017|date=2018-01-17|url=https://vimeo.com/251501973|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> Her son, Jonathan Raper, is a professor of cell biology at the [[University of Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cdb.med.upenn.edu/people/jonathan-a-raper-ph-d/|title=Jonathan A. Raper, Ph.D. – Cell and Developmental Biology @ U Penn|website=cdb.med.upenn.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-22}}</ref> She and Red Raper also had a daughter, Linda.<ref name=":0" /> Raper died after a brief illness at her summer home in [[Ferrisburgh, Vermont]], on September 5, 2019, at the age of 94.<ref>{{cite news |title=Carlene Allen Raper |url=https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/obituaries/bfp028523 |access-date=30 July 2024 |work=burlingtonfreepress.com |publisher=The Burlington Free Press |date=22 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref>


=== Books ===
=== Books ===


* {{Cite book |year=2013 |title=A Woman of Science: An Extraordinary Journey of Love, Discovery, and the Sex Life of Mushrooms |first1=Cardy |last1=Raper |authormask=0 |publisher= |isbn=}}<ref name=":0" />
* {{Cite book |year=2013 |title=A Woman of Science: An Extraordinary Journey of Love, Discovery, and the Sex Life of Mushrooms |first1=Cardy |last1=Raper |author-mask=0 |publisher= |isbn=}}<ref name=":0" />
* {{Cite book| year=2016 |title=An American Harvest: How One Family Moved From Dirt-Poor Farming To A Better Life In The Early 1900s |first1=Cardy |last1=Raper |authormask=0 |publisher= |isbn=}}<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/928488854|title=American harvest : how one family moved from dirt -poor farming to a better life in the early 1900s.|last=Cardy.|first=Raper,|isbn=099626762X|location=Brattleboro, Vermont|oclc=928488854}}</ref>
* {{Cite book| year=2016 |title=An American Harvest: How One Family Moved From Dirt-Poor Farming To A Better Life In The Early 1900s |first1=Cardy |last1=Raper |author-mask=0 |publisher= |isbn=}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=American harvest : how one family moved from dirt -poor farming to a better life in the early 1900s.|last=Cardy.|first=Raper|isbn=978-0996267625|location=Brattleboro, Vermont|oclc=928488854|date = 2016-04-22}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
<references />


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Latest revision as of 16:40, 30 July 2024

Cardy Raper
BornJanuary 9, 1925
DiedSeptember 5, 2019 (aged 94)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Chicago
University of Vermont
SpouseRed Raper
Scientific career
InstitutionsHarvard University

Wellesley College

University of Vermont
Academic advisorsRed Raper

Carlene Allen "Cardy" Raper (January 9, 1925 – September 5, 2019) was an American mycologist and science writer.[1] She identified that the fungus Schizophyllum commune has over 23,000 mating types. She is regarded as one of the first women taxonomists in mycology.[2] She was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Early life and education

[edit]

Raper wanted to be a scientist from the age of eight.[3] She earned a master's degree in science at the University of Chicago in 1946.[4][5] She worked on Achlya and Schizophyllum commune.[6] She married her college supervisor, John (Red) Raper, in 1949.[7] She earned her PhD in 1977.

Career

[edit]

Raper worked alongside her husband, Red Raper, on the mating-type mutants of Schizophyllum.[6] Her husband was chair of the biology department at Harvard University when he died in 1974.[8][9] After this, Cardy Raper began her formal career in science, working at Harvard University as a researcher and lecturer from 1974.[10] She worked in the Netherlands at the University of Hagen with Jos Wessels.[6] In 1978 she joined Wellesley College as an assistant professor.[10] After spending the summer of 1982 working with Bob Ullrich at the University of Vermont, she decided to move there.[11] In 1983 she set up her own independent research laboratory the University of Vermont.[10][12] She remained there as an emeritus professor after her retirement in 1994. Raper identified that Schizophyllum commune had more than 23,000 mating types.[6] In 2008 there was a celebration of her contributions to science.[13] In 2012 she was elected as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.[14][15]

In 2017 she spoke at the Burlington Writers Workshop.[16] Her son, Jonathan Raper, is a professor of cell biology at the University of Pennsylvania.[17] She and Red Raper also had a daughter, Linda.[5] Raper died after a brief illness at her summer home in Ferrisburgh, Vermont, on September 5, 2019, at the age of 94.[18]

Books

[edit]
  • A Woman of Science: An Extraordinary Journey of Love, Discovery, and the Sex Life of Mushrooms. 2013.[5]
  • An American Harvest: How One Family Moved From Dirt-Poor Farming To A Better Life In The Early 1900s. 2016.[19]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "In Memory of Carlene Allen "Cardy" Raper, 1925 – 2019". Burlington Writers Workshop. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
  2. ^ Maroske, Sara; May, Tom W. (2018-03-01). "Naming names: the first women taxonomists in mycology". Studies in Mycology. 89: 63–84. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2017.12.001. ISSN 0166-0616. PMC 6002341. PMID 29910514.
  3. ^ "Cardy Raper". Vermont Press. 2016-04-27. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  4. ^ "The Maroon Loyalty Society Honor Roll". Alumni Association: Alumni, Parents, Families & Friends. 2016-05-31. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  5. ^ a b c Cardy., Raper (2013). A woman of science : an extraordinary journey of love, discovery, and the sex life of mushrooms. [Hobart, New York]. ISBN 9781578264421. OCLC 841037522.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. ^ a b c d "Woman of Science – an interview with Cardy Raper". Mushroom. 2017-06-23. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  7. ^ "Amazon.com: Cardy Raper: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle". www.amazon.com. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  8. ^ "Dr. John Raper of Harvard Dies; Expert on Fungi Reproduction". The New York Times. 24 May 1974. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  9. ^ "John Raper Dies at 62; Was Bio Dept. Chairman | News | The Harvard Crimson". www.thecrimson.com. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  10. ^ a b c "About the Author | Cardy Raper". cardyraper.com. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  11. ^ "Mycological Society of America 1982 Newsletter" (PDF). Mycological Society of America. 1982. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-12. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  12. ^ Vermont, University of. "Catalogue 2011-12 : University of Vermont". www.uvm.edu. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  13. ^ "University of Vermont: Summer Newsletter 2008" (PDF). University of Vermont. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  14. ^ "University of Vermont Summer Newsletter" (PDF). University of Vermont. 2013. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  15. ^ "AAAS Members Elected as Fellows". AAAS - The World's Largest General Scientific Society. 2012-11-30. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  16. ^ RETN (2018-01-17), Cardy Raper: Stories by the Fire 2017, retrieved 2018-07-22
  17. ^ "Jonathan A. Raper, Ph.D. – Cell and Developmental Biology @ U Penn". cdb.med.upenn.edu. Retrieved 2018-07-22.
  18. ^ "Carlene Allen Raper". burlingtonfreepress.com. The Burlington Free Press. 22 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  19. ^ Cardy., Raper (2016-04-22). American harvest : how one family moved from dirt -poor farming to a better life in the early 1900s. Brattleboro, Vermont. ISBN 978-0996267625. OCLC 928488854.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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