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{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
'''Lawrence Heights''' is a neighbourhood in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]. It is located in the former city of [[North York, Ontario|North York]], which was merged with five other municipalities and a regional government to form the new "City of Toronto" in 1998.
{{Infobox settlement|
|official_name = Lawrence Heights
|settlement_type = Neighbourhood
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{CAN}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Canada|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{ON}}
|subdivision_type2 = City
|subdivision_name2 = [[Toronto]]
| established_title = Municipality established
| established_date = 1850 [[York Township, Ontario|York Township]]
| established_title1 = Changed municipality
| established_date1 = 1922 [[North York]] from York Township
| established_title2 = Changed municipality
| established_date2 = 1998 [[Toronto]] from North York
|image_map = Lawrence Heights map.PNG
|mapsize=250px
|map_caption=
|image_skyline=Englemount-Lawrence_off_Ranee.jpg
|image_caption=View of Leila Lane in Lawrence Heights
}}
'''Lawrence Heights''' is a neighbourhood in [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada. It is located north-west of central Toronto, in the district of [[North York]]. The neighbourhood is roughly bounded by [[Lawrence Avenue]] to the south, Yorkdale Road to the north, Varna Drive to the east and [[Dufferin Street]] to the west. It is part of the greater [[Glen Park, Toronto|Yorkdale-Glen Park]] official Toronto neighbourhood.


The area is divided into two distinct subsections. One half of the neighbourhood is a post [[World War II]] development of bungalows and storey-and-a-half dwellings. As the frontage of these homes average 45 feet, the area has had significant changes as older houses are torn down and replaced by "Monster Homes" as the area's proximity to major city arteries and the downtown core make it lucrative to builders. The other housing area, which is east of Flemington Road, is short-term [[public housing]]. Because of the area's proximity to [[Downsview Airport]], [[high-rise building]]s were not originally permitted to be constructed in this area, and the majority of the housing is in low to mid-rise buildings.
Lawrence Heights is part of the area known as [[Downsview, Ontario|Downsview]]. It is bounded by Allen Road, Lawrence Avenue, and Highway 401. The area is also referred to as the 'Jungle' due to crime within the maze of affordable housing projects. [[demographics|Demographically]], the area consists largely of immigrants from the [[Caribbean]] and [[East Africa]], but there are also small pockets of [[European]]s.


==History==
⚫
==Notable locations==
Lawrence Heights was the first large public housing project built by [[Metropolitan Toronto]] outside of the then-City of Toronto and is now managed under [[Toronto Community Housing]]. By 1955, {{Convert|100|acres|ha}} had been assembled by Metro. The project would have approximately 6,000 residents in 1,081 family units at a density of 12 families per acre, the largest public housing project to that date in Canada. When the project was announced, it sparked a strong opposition from the then North York Township. Citizens and elected officials threatened legal action to block the development. A compromise was worked out between Metro and North York whereby some of the units would be rented at market rates so that the project would not be exclusively very poor families.<ref>Rose, pp. 69-72</ref>
Construction was completed by 1962. It consisted mainly of row houses and maisonettes with some small apartment buildings of less than 30 units each. A buffer of single-family dwellings was built between the project and the private sub-division to the east. An elementary school was part of the project. The elementary school filled up immediately and senior elementary students were sent to a neighbouring junior high. A controversy erupted over the use of the swimming pool at a neighbouring secondary school, whereby project students could only use the pool on one or two evenings per week. A community center was built in the mid-1960s, its $100,000 cost shared by North York and Metro without any support from the Ontario or the federal housing agency [[Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation]].<ref>Rose, pp. 72-73</ref>


Lawrence Heights has been referred to as the "Jungle" by residents and police alike soon after its completion in 1962. ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'' article "Toronto's new murder capital" gives insight into the crime in the area: "It's like you're in the jungle. It is like a war," says Linkx, a 20-year-old hip hop producer from nearby [[Rexdale]] who wears [[Crips|Crip]] colours and spoke on condition of anonymity.
* Lawrence Heights Community Centre
* Bathurst Heights CI &mdash; once home to a famous basketball team, the school was closed by the Toronto District School Board, and is the temporary home of Brebeuf College
* Lawrence Square &mdash; shopping mall
* [[Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce]] Head Office Operations &mdash; 750 Lawrence Avenue West
Lawrence and allen!


In 2007, then city councillor [[Howard Moscoe]] unveiled a plan to revitalize Lawrence Heights. The plan proposes a demolition of all 1,208 units in the neighbourhood, as well as Lawrence Square, and they would be replaced by modern affordable units, market housing and retail/commercial streets, including a northward extension of Marlee Avenue. The plan was objected by nearly all surrounding neighbourhood residents due to overcrowding and the added traffic congestion it would bring.<ref>{{cite news |work=Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/05/11/massive_lawrence_heights_overhaul_planned.html |title=Massive Lawrence Heights overhaul planned |date=May 11, 2007 | first=Donovan | last=Vincent | access-date=May 7, 2010}}</ref><ref>[https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/771175---massive-plan-to-revamp-troubled-lawrence-heights 'Massive' plan to revamp troubled Lawrence Heights]</ref><ref>[https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/771584--plan-to-re-create-lawrence-heights-unveiled Plan to re-create Lawrence Heights unveiled]</ref> As of late 2015, the low rise housing units at Ranee Avenue and Flemington Road (along with a vacant lot) are being demolished for a new condo project (Yorkdale Condos).
==See also==
*[[List of neighbourhoods in Toronto]]


In 2015, the city kicked off a large redevelopment project in the area. The aim is to transform one of the city’s largest public housing communities into a mixed-income neighbourhood.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://urbantoronto.ca/news/2015/10/lawrence-heights-demolition-kicks-largest-redevelopment-project-tchc-history|title = Lawrence Heights Demolition Kicks off Largest Redevelopment Project in TCHC History &#124; UrbanToronto}}</ref>
⚫
==Related links==
* [http://www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&c=Article&cid=1093645212385&call_pageid=968350130169&col=969483202845 Toronto Star]


==Education==
[[Category:Toronto neighbourhoods]]
[[File:John Polanyi Collegiate Insititute.jpg|thumb|[[John Polanyi Collegiate Institute]] is a public secondary school in Lawrence Heights.]]
⚫
{{Toronto-geo-stub}}
The [[Toronto District School Board]] (TDSB) is a [[secular education|secular]] English [[first language]] [[state school|public]] [[school board]] that operates schools in the neighbourhood. TDSB operates two institutions that offer [[primary education]], Flemington Public School, and Lawrence Heights Middle School; as well as one [[secondary school]], [[John Polanyi Collegiate Institute]]. The secondary school is situated in the former building of Bathurst Heights Secondary School, before it was shut down by TDSB. The building was also the temporary site for the public secondary [[separate school]], [[Brebeuf College School]], when Brebeuf underwent restorations. The present secondary school was reopened in 2011.

In addition to TDSB, [[Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir]] (CSCM), [[Conseil scolaire Viamonde]] (CSV), and the [[Toronto Catholic District School Board]] (TCDSB) also offer schooling to applicable residents of Lawrence Heights, although they do not operate a school in the neighbourhood. Applicable students residing in Lawrence Heights attend schools situated in other neighbourhoods in Toronto. CSCM and TCDSB are separate school boards, the former being a French first language school board, the latter being an English first language school board; whereas CSV is a secular French first language school board.

==Recreation==
[[File:Lawrence Allen Centre 2021.jpg|thumb|left|[[Lawrence Allen Centre]] is a shopping mall located in Lawrence Heights.]]
Several municipal parks are located in Lawrence Heights, including Flemington Park, Ranee Park, Varna Park, and Yorkdale Park. Parks in the neighbourhood are managed by the [[Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation Division]]. In addition to municipal parks, the division also manages a [[community centre]] in the neighbourhood, Lawrence Heights Community Centre.

Two [[List of shopping malls in Toronto|large shopping centres in Toronto]] are also situated in Lawrence Heights, [[Lawrence Allen Centre]], and [[Yorkdale Shopping Centre]], to the north of the neighbourhood.

==Transportation==
[[File:Yorkdale Bus Terminal entrance from Yorkdale Rd.JPG|thumb|[[Yorkdale Bus Terminal]] is a regional commuter bus terminal operated by [[GO Transit]].]]
Several major roadways serve as the neighbourhood's boundaries, with [[Lawrence Avenue]] to the south, and [[Ontario Highway 401|Highway 401]] to the north. Highway 401 is a major east-west [[controlled access highway]]. A portion of another controlled access highway, [[Allen Road]], bisects the neighbourhood.

[[Public transportation]] in the neighbourhood is provided by the [[Toronto Transit Commission]] (TTC), including several [[Toronto Transit Commission bus system|bus routes]], and the [[Toronto subway]]. Two stops for [[Line 1 Yonge–University]] of the Toronto subway are located in the neighbourhood: [[Lawrence West station]] and [[Yorkdale station]], located near Yorkdale Shopping Centre. In addition to local TTC bus routes, [[GO Transit bus services|regional commuter buses]] operated by [[GO Transit]] may be accessed from [[Yorkdale Bus Terminal]]. Several other private bus operators can also use the terminal, including [[Ontario Northland Motor Coach Services]].

⚫
==Notable residents==
*[[Donovan Bailey]], track and field sprinter, Olympic gold medalist
*Dolo, rapper and member of the group [[Ghetto Concept]]
*[[Kevin Maguire (ice hockey)|Kevin Maguire]], played in the [[National Hockey League]] with the [[Toronto Maple Leafs]], [[Buffalo Sabres]], and [[Philadelphia Flyers]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

* {{cite book |author=Rose, Albert |title=Governing Metropolitan Toronto: A Social and Political Analysis 1953-1971 |publisher=University of California Press |year=1972 |isbn=0-520-02041-3 |location=Berkeley and Los Angeles, California |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/governingmetropo00rose }}

⚫
==External links==
*[http://www.toronto.ca/demographics/cns_profiles/cns31.htm City of Toronto - Yorkdale-Glen Park Neighbourhood Profile]

{{Geographic Location
| title =
| North = [[Downsview, Toronto|Downsview]]
| Northeast = [[Clanton Park, Toronto|Clanton Park]]
| East = [[Lawrence Manor]]
| South = [[Glen Park, Toronto|Glen Park]]
| West = [[Maple Leaf, Toronto|Maple Leaf]]
| Center = Lawrence Heights
}}
⚫
{{Toronto Neighbourhoods}}

{{coord|43.719|N|79.450|W|region:CA-ON_type:city_scale:12500|display=title}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Black Canadian culture in Toronto]]
[[Category:Black Canadian settlements]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Toronto]]
[[Category:North York]]
[[Category:Public housing in Canada]]

Latest revision as of 05:13, 3 August 2024

Lawrence Heights
Neighbourhood
View of Leila Lane in Lawrence Heights
View of Leila Lane in Lawrence Heights
Country Canada
Province Ontario
CityToronto
Municipality established1850 York Township
Changed municipality1922 North York from York Township
Changed municipality1998 Toronto from North York

Lawrence Heights is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located north-west of central Toronto, in the district of North York. The neighbourhood is roughly bounded by Lawrence Avenue to the south, Yorkdale Road to the north, Varna Drive to the east and Dufferin Street to the west. It is part of the greater Yorkdale-Glen Park official Toronto neighbourhood.

The area is divided into two distinct subsections. One half of the neighbourhood is a post World War II development of bungalows and storey-and-a-half dwellings. As the frontage of these homes average 45 feet, the area has had significant changes as older houses are torn down and replaced by "Monster Homes" as the area's proximity to major city arteries and the downtown core make it lucrative to builders. The other housing area, which is east of Flemington Road, is short-term public housing. Because of the area's proximity to Downsview Airport, high-rise buildings were not originally permitted to be constructed in this area, and the majority of the housing is in low to mid-rise buildings.

History

[edit]

Lawrence Heights was the first large public housing project built by Metropolitan Toronto outside of the then-City of Toronto and is now managed under Toronto Community Housing. By 1955, 100 acres (40 ha) had been assembled by Metro. The project would have approximately 6,000 residents in 1,081 family units at a density of 12 families per acre, the largest public housing project to that date in Canada. When the project was announced, it sparked a strong opposition from the then North York Township. Citizens and elected officials threatened legal action to block the development. A compromise was worked out between Metro and North York whereby some of the units would be rented at market rates so that the project would not be exclusively very poor families.[1] Construction was completed by 1962. It consisted mainly of row houses and maisonettes with some small apartment buildings of less than 30 units each. A buffer of single-family dwellings was built between the project and the private sub-division to the east. An elementary school was part of the project. The elementary school filled up immediately and senior elementary students were sent to a neighbouring junior high. A controversy erupted over the use of the swimming pool at a neighbouring secondary school, whereby project students could only use the pool on one or two evenings per week. A community center was built in the mid-1960s, its $100,000 cost shared by North York and Metro without any support from the Ontario or the federal housing agency Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.[2]

Lawrence Heights has been referred to as the "Jungle" by residents and police alike soon after its completion in 1962. The Globe and Mail article "Toronto's new murder capital" gives insight into the crime in the area: "It's like you're in the jungle. It is like a war," says Linkx, a 20-year-old hip hop producer from nearby Rexdale who wears Crip colours and spoke on condition of anonymity.

In 2007, then city councillor Howard Moscoe unveiled a plan to revitalize Lawrence Heights. The plan proposes a demolition of all 1,208 units in the neighbourhood, as well as Lawrence Square, and they would be replaced by modern affordable units, market housing and retail/commercial streets, including a northward extension of Marlee Avenue. The plan was objected by nearly all surrounding neighbourhood residents due to overcrowding and the added traffic congestion it would bring.[3][4][5] As of late 2015, the low rise housing units at Ranee Avenue and Flemington Road (along with a vacant lot) are being demolished for a new condo project (Yorkdale Condos).

In 2015, the city kicked off a large redevelopment project in the area. The aim is to transform one of the city’s largest public housing communities into a mixed-income neighbourhood.[6]

Education

[edit]
John Polanyi Collegiate Institute is a public secondary school in Lawrence Heights.

The Toronto District School Board (TDSB) is a secular English first language public school board that operates schools in the neighbourhood. TDSB operates two institutions that offer primary education, Flemington Public School, and Lawrence Heights Middle School; as well as one secondary school, John Polanyi Collegiate Institute. The secondary school is situated in the former building of Bathurst Heights Secondary School, before it was shut down by TDSB. The building was also the temporary site for the public secondary separate school, Brebeuf College School, when Brebeuf underwent restorations. The present secondary school was reopened in 2011.

In addition to TDSB, Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir (CSCM), Conseil scolaire Viamonde (CSV), and the Toronto Catholic District School Board (TCDSB) also offer schooling to applicable residents of Lawrence Heights, although they do not operate a school in the neighbourhood. Applicable students residing in Lawrence Heights attend schools situated in other neighbourhoods in Toronto. CSCM and TCDSB are separate school boards, the former being a French first language school board, the latter being an English first language school board; whereas CSV is a secular French first language school board.

Recreation

[edit]
Lawrence Allen Centre is a shopping mall located in Lawrence Heights.

Several municipal parks are located in Lawrence Heights, including Flemington Park, Ranee Park, Varna Park, and Yorkdale Park. Parks in the neighbourhood are managed by the Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation Division. In addition to municipal parks, the division also manages a community centre in the neighbourhood, Lawrence Heights Community Centre.

Two large shopping centres in Toronto are also situated in Lawrence Heights, Lawrence Allen Centre, and Yorkdale Shopping Centre, to the north of the neighbourhood.

Transportation

[edit]
Yorkdale Bus Terminal is a regional commuter bus terminal operated by GO Transit.

Several major roadways serve as the neighbourhood's boundaries, with Lawrence Avenue to the south, and Highway 401 to the north. Highway 401 is a major east-west controlled access highway. A portion of another controlled access highway, Allen Road, bisects the neighbourhood.

Public transportation in the neighbourhood is provided by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), including several bus routes, and the Toronto subway. Two stops for Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway are located in the neighbourhood: Lawrence West station and Yorkdale station, located near Yorkdale Shopping Centre. In addition to local TTC bus routes, regional commuter buses operated by GO Transit may be accessed from Yorkdale Bus Terminal. Several other private bus operators can also use the terminal, including Ontario Northland Motor Coach Services.

Notable residents

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rose, pp. 69-72
  2. ^ Rose, pp. 72-73
  3. ^ Vincent, Donovan (May 11, 2007). "Massive Lawrence Heights overhaul planned". Toronto Star. Retrieved May 7, 2010.
  4. ^ 'Massive' plan to revamp troubled Lawrence Heights
  5. ^ Plan to re-create Lawrence Heights unveiled
  6. ^ "Lawrence Heights Demolition Kicks off Largest Redevelopment Project in TCHC History | UrbanToronto".
[edit]

43°43′08″N 79°27′00″W / 43.719°N 79.450°W / 43.719; -79.450

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