Frame drum

Frame drum

Different frame drums
Hornbostel–Sachs classification	211.3 (Membranophone)
Musicians
G. Harishankar Layne Redmond Glen Velez

Tambourine

Bodhrán with cipín (tipper)

A frame drum is a drum that has a drumhead width greater than its depth. It is one of the most ancient musical instruments, and perhaps the first drum to be invented. It has a single drumhead that is usually made of rawhide, but man-made materials may also be used. Some frame drums have mechanical tuning, while on many others the drumhead is tacked in place. The drumhead is stretched over a round, wooden frame called a shell. The shell is traditionally constructed of rosewood, oak, ash etc. that has been bent and then scarf jointed together; though some are also made of plywood or man-made materials. Metal rings or jingles may also be attached to the frame. In many cultures larger frame drums are played mainly by men in spiritual ceremonies, while medium-size drums are played mainly by women.

Types of frame drums

• Adufe (Portugal)
• Bendir (North Africa, Turkey)
• Bodhrán (Ireland)
• Buben (Ukraine)
• Crowdy-crawn (Cornwall)
• Cultrun (Chile, Argentina)
• Daf (Iran, Kurdistan, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Middle East)
• Daires (Greece)
• Duff, daff, daffli (India)
• Epirotiko Defi (Greece)
• Dayereh (Iran, Central Asia, Balkans)
• Dob (Hungary)
• Doyra (Uzbekistan)
• Dhyāngro (Nepal)
• Ghaval (Azerbaijan)
• Gumbe (Sierra Leone, Caribbean)
• Kanjira (India)
• Lag-na (Tibet)
• Mazhar (Egypt)
• Pandeiro (Brazil)
• Pandereta plenera (Puerto Rico)
• Pandereta (tuna, rondalla, estudiantina - Spain, Philippines and Latin America)
• Pandero (España)
• Pandero cuequero (Chile)
• Pandero jarocho (Mexico)
• Parai (India, Sri Lanka)
• Patayani thappu (India)
• Ramana (Thailand)
• Rapa'i (Aceh, Indonesia)
• Ravann (Mauritius)
• Rebana (Southeast Asia)
• Riddle drum (England)
• Riq (Arabic world)
• Sámi drum (Nordic and Russia)
• Sakara drum (Nigeria)
• Shamanic music#Shaman's drum
• Tamborim (Brazil)
• Tambourine (Europe, USA)
• Tamboutsia (Cyprus)
• Tamburello (Italy) see tambourine
• Tammorra (Italy)
• Tar (Middle East, North Africa)
• Thappu (India)
• Tof (Israel)
• Uchiwa daiko (Japan)
• Yike (Cambodia)

References

• Liene Žeimunde (June 17, 2020) Step by step: leather drum. Public Broadcasting of Latvia