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{{short description|58th government of the Italian Republic}}
{{POV|talk=NPOV tone throughout the article|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
{{Infobox government cabinet
|cabinet_name = Berlusconi III Cabinet
|cabinet_name = Berlusconi III Cabinet
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|flag = Flag_of_Italy.svg
|flag = Flag_of_Italy.svg
|flag_border = true
|flag_border = true
|image = File:Silvio_Berlusconi_2001.jpg
|image = Silvio_Berlusconi_1996.jpg
|date_formed = {{start date|2005|4|23|df=y}}
|date_formed = {{start date|2005|4|23|df=y}}
|date_dissolved = {{end date|2006|5|2|df=y}} (390 days)
|date_dissolved = {{end date|2006|5|2|df=y}} ({{duration in days|2005|4|23|2006|5|2}} days)
|government_head = [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
|government_head = [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
|government_head_history =
|government_head_history =
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|political_parties = [[Forza Italia|FI]], [[National Alliance (Italy)|AN]], [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats|UDC]], [[Lega Nord|LN]], [[New Italian Socialist Party|NPSI]], [[Italian Republican Party|PRI]]
|political_parties = [[Forza Italia|FI]], [[National Alliance (Italy)|AN]], [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats|UDC]], [[Lega Nord|LN]], [[New Italian Socialist Party|NPSI]], [[Italian Republican Party|PRI]]
|election =
|election =
|last_election = [[Italian general election, 2006|2006 election]]
|last_election = [[2006 Italian general election|2006 election]]
|legislature_term = XIV Legislature<br>(31 May 2001 – 28 April 2006)
|legislature_term = [[Legislature XIV of Italy|XIV Legislature]] (2001 – 2006)
|legislature_status = [[Centre-right coalition]]
|legislature_status = [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|Centre-right coalition]]
|budget =
|budget =
|opposition_cabinet =
|opposition_cabinet =
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|incoming_formation = [[Political career of Silvio Berlusconi#The Berlusconi III cabinet|Berlusconi III Cabinet formation, 2005]]
|incoming_formation = [[Political career of Silvio Berlusconi#The Berlusconi III cabinet|Berlusconi III Cabinet formation, 2005]]
|outgoing_formation =
|outgoing_formation =
|previous = [[Berlusconi II Cabinet]]
|previous = [[Second Berlusconi government]]
|successor = [[Prodi II Cabinet]]
|successor = [[Second Prodi government]]
}}
}}


The '''Berlusconi III Cabinet''' was the [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] of the [[Politics of Italy|government of Italy]] from 23 April 2005 to 17 May 2006. It was the 58th cabinet of the Italian Republic, and the second cabinet of the XIV Legislature.
The '''third Berlusconi government''' was the [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] of the [[Politics of Italy|government of Italy]] from 23 April 2005 to 17 May 2006. It was the 58th cabinet of the Italian Republic, and the second cabinet of the XIV Legislature.


==Formation==
==Formation==
[[File:Giuramento Governo Berlusconi III.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Official photo of the Berlusconi's government after the oath at the [[Quirinal Palace]]]]
[[House of Freedoms]] did not do as well in the 2003 local elections as it did in the [[2001 Italian general election|2001 national elections]]. In common with many other European governing groups, in the [[2004 European Parliament election in Italy|2004 elections of the European Parliament]], gaining 43.37% support. Forza Italia's support was also reduced from 29.5% to 21.0% (in the [[1999 European Parliament election in Italy|1999 European elections]] Forza Italia had 25.2%). As an outcome of these results the other coalition parties, whose electoral results were more satisfactory, asked Berlusconi and Forza Italia for greater influence in the government's political line.
[[House of Freedoms]] did not do as well in the 2003 local elections as it did in the [[2001 Italian general election|2001 national elections]]. In common with many other European governing groups, in the [[2004 European Parliament election in Italy|2004 elections of the European Parliament]], gaining 43.37% support. Forza Italia's support was also reduced from 29.5% to 21.0% (in the [[1999 European Parliament election in Italy|1999 European elections]] Forza Italia had 25.2%). As an outcome of these results the other coalition parties, whose electoral results were more satisfactory, asked Berlusconi and Forza Italia for greater influence in the government's political line.


In the [[2005 Italian regional elections|2005 regional elections]] (3-4 April 2005), the centre-left gubernatorial candidates won in 12 out of 14 regions where control of local governments and governorships was at stake. Berlusconi's coalition kept only two of the regional bodies ([[Lombardy]] and [[Veneto]]) up for re-election. Three parties, [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]], [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] and [[New Italian Socialist Party|New PSI]], threatened to withdraw from the Berlusconi government. The Italian Premier, after some hesitation, then presented to the [[List of Presidents of the Italian Republic|President of the Republic]] a request for the dissolution of his government on 20 April 2005. On 23 April he formed a new government with the same allies, reshuffling ministers and amending the government programme. A key point required by the [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (and to a lesser extent by [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]) for their continued support was that the strong focus on tax reduction central to the government's ambitions be changed.
In the [[2005 Italian regional elections|2005 regional elections]] (3-4 April 2005), the centre-left gubernatorial candidates won in 12 out of 14 regions where control of local governments and governorships was at stake. Berlusconi's coalition kept only two of the regional bodies ([[Lombardy]] and [[Veneto]]) up for re-election. Three parties, [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]], [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] and [[New Italian Socialist Party]], threatened to withdraw from the Berlusconi government. The Italian Premier, after some hesitation, then presented to the [[List of Presidents of the Italian Republic|President of the Republic]] a request for the dissolution of his government on 20 April 2005. On 23 April he formed a new government with the same allies, reshuffling ministers and amending the government programme. A key point required by the [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (and to a lesser extent by [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]) for their continued support was that the strong focus on tax reduction central to the government's ambitions be changed.


==New electoral law==
==New electoral law==
{{further|Italian electoral law of 2005}}
{{further2|[[Parliament of Italy#Electoral system|The new electoral system]]}}
During this second cabinet was also approved a new electoral law. A white paper for a proportional-only electoral system was presented to the Chamber of Deputies on September 13, 2005, only seven months before the 2006 general election. This reform, strongly backed by the [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]], proposed a 4% [[election threshold]] before a party gained any seats, and a majority bonus of (at least) 340 seats for the winning coalition, the total votes for each coalition being the sum of the votes of those coalition parties which had won at least 4% of the national votes. The new proposal was approved by parliament.<ref>[http://www.corriere.it/english/articoli/2005/09_Settembre/14/pole.shtml Pole Agrees to Go Back to Proportional Vote], Corriere della Sera</ref>
During this second cabinet was also approved a new electoral law. A white paper for a proportional-only electoral system was presented to the Chamber of Deputies on September 13, 2005, only seven months before the 2006 general election. This reform, strongly backed by the [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]], proposed a 4% [[election threshold]] before a party gained any seats, and a majority bonus of (at least) 340 seats for the winning coalition, the total votes for each coalition being the sum of the votes of those coalition parties which had won at least 4% of the national votes. The new proposal was approved by parliament.<ref>[http://www.corriere.it/english/articoli/2005/09_Settembre/14/pole.shtml Pole Agrees to Go Back to Proportional Vote], Corriere della Sera</ref>


An electoral survey published on September 15, 2005 by the national left newspaper ''La Repubblica''<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.repubblica.it/2005/i/sezioni/politica/leggeletto/sondaggio/sondaggio.html {{lang|it|Dalla vittoria alla sconfitta la riforma "scippa" l'Unione}}], La Repubblica</ref> claimed that, with the initial proposal of electoral reform become law, the House of Freedoms would win the next elections 340-290, even if they won only 45% of votes and the opposition coalition The Union won 50%, because the Union also includes several small parties with less than 4% of national votes. This could have been avoided if the small opposition parties ran on a common ticket. Aim of this bill of reform was to reduce the number of parties, and particularly the moderate Left would have taken advantage in respect to the smaller radical left parties.
An electoral survey published on September 15, 2005 by the national left newspaper ''La Repubblica''<ref>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.repubblica.it/2005/i/sezioni/politica/leggeletto/sondaggio/sondaggio.html {{lang|it|Dalla vittoria alla sconfitta la riforma "scippa" l'Unione}}], La Repubblica</ref> claimed that, with the initial proposal of electoral reform become law, the House of Freedoms would win the next elections 340-290, even if they won only 45% of votes and the opposition coalition The Union won 50%, because the Union also includes several small parties with less than 4% of national votes. This could have been avoided if the small opposition parties ran on a common ticket. Aim of this bill of reform was to reduce the number of parties, and particularly the moderate Left would have taken advantage in respect to the smaller radical left parties.


The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, commenting on the proposal, asked for the abolition of the 4% cut-off clause, whereas the [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] did not show any favour to this attempt of reform, with its leader [[Gianfranco Fini]] claiming to want first to vote for the constitutional reform, and then for the new voting system, on condition that the 4% cut-off were not repealed.<ref>[http://today.reuters.it/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2005-09-14T175917Z_01_CON463255_RTRIDST_0_OITTP-FINI-LEGGE-ELETTORALE-DEVOLUTION.XML]{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Reuters]]</ref>
The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, commenting on the proposal, asked for the abolition of the 4% cut-off clause, whereas the [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] did not show any favour to this attempt of reform, with its leader [[Gianfranco Fini]] claiming to want first to vote for the constitutional reform, and then for the new voting system, on condition that the 4% cut-off were not repealed.<ref>[http://today.reuters.it/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2005-09-14T175917Z_01_CON463255_RTRIDST_0_OITTP-FINI-LEGGE-ELETTORALE-DEVOLUTION.XML]{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Reuters]]</ref>


This proposal of law was strongly questioned by the opposition coalition, who defined it an "attempted coup". Opposition leader [[Romano Prodi]] said it was "totally unacceptable".<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.repubblica.it/2005/i/sezioni/politica/leggeletto/leggeletto/leggeletto.html {{lang|it|Legge elettorale, accordo nella Cdl Unione insorge: "Blocchiamo le Camere"}}], La Repubblica</ref> Several newspapers politically oriented to the left nicknamed the electoral system proposal by the House of Freedoms as "{{lang|it|Truffarellum}}", after "{{lang|it|truffa}}" ([[Italian language|Italian]] for "[[fraud]]") and the "{{lang|la|Mattarellum}}", (from [[Sergio Mattarella]]), the most common name for the previous Italian electoral law (there is a recent custom to nickname new electoral systems by a somewhat Latinised version of the name of the lawmaker; another one is the system used in regional elections, the so-called "{{lang|la|Tatarellum}}" from [[Giuseppe Tatarella|Pinuccio Tatarella]]).
This proposal of law was strongly questioned by the opposition coalition, who defined it an "attempted coup". Opposition leader [[Romano Prodi]] said it was "totally unacceptable".<ref>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.repubblica.it/2005/i/sezioni/politica/leggeletto/leggeletto/leggeletto.html {{lang|it|Legge elettorale, accordo nella Cdl Unione insorge: "Blocchiamo le Camere"}}], La Repubblica</ref> Several newspapers politically oriented to the left nicknamed the electoral system proposal by the House of Freedoms as "{{lang|it|Truffarellum}}", after "{{lang|it|truffa}}" ([[Italian language|Italian]] for "[[fraud]]") and the "{{lang|la|Mattarellum}}", (from [[Sergio Mattarella]]), the most common name for the previous Italian electoral law (there is a recent custom to nickname new electoral systems by a somewhat Latinised version of the name of the lawmaker; another one is the system used in regional elections, the so-called "{{lang|la|Tatarellum}}" from [[Giuseppe Tatarella|Pinuccio Tatarella]]).


Notably, some smaller opposition parties, such as [[Communist Refoundation Party]] and [[Union of Democrats for Europe|UDEUR]], support a proportional electoral law; nevertheless, they declared they were against an electoral reform by this parliament, because the current law would be changed too close to the 2006 general election.
Notably, some smaller opposition parties, such as [[Communist Refoundation Party]] and [[Union of Democrats for Europe|UDEUR]], support a proportional electoral law; nevertheless, they declared they were against an electoral reform by this parliament, because the current law would be changed too close to the 2006 general election.


The Italian prime minister [[Silvio Berlusconi]] had previously been a strong supporter of the plurality-based electoral law; in 1995, talking about his coalition, he even defined the plurality principle as "our religion".<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.dsmilano.it/html/Pressroom/2005/04/rep5_0429_unione-nessun-blitz.htm {{lang|it|Nessun blitz prima delle elezioni}}] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723022653/http://www.dsmilano.it/html/Pressroom/2005/04/rep5_0429_unione-nessun-blitz.htm |date=2011-07-23 }}, [[DS Milano]]</ref>
The Italian prime minister [[Silvio Berlusconi]] had previously been a strong supporter of the plurality-based electoral law; in 1995, talking about his coalition, he even defined the plurality principle as "our religion".<ref>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.dsmilano.it/html/Pressroom/2005/04/rep5_0429_unione-nessun-blitz.htm {{lang|it|Nessun blitz prima delle elezioni}}] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723022653/http://www.dsmilano.it/html/Pressroom/2005/04/rep5_0429_unione-nessun-blitz.htm |date=2011-07-23 }}, [[DS Milano]]</ref>


A modified version of the first proposal, this time with a 2% threshold for entering Parliament and without vote of preference for candidates, but still without the support of the opposition, was presented to the Chamber of Deputies. The voting count started on October 11; the lower house of Italian parliament then approved the electoral reform on October 14.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4340434.stm Italy deputies back voting reform], BBC News</ref>
A modified version of the first proposal, this time with a 2% threshold for entering Parliament and without vote of preference for candidates, but still without the support of the opposition, was presented to the Chamber of Deputies. The voting count started on October 11; the lower house of Italian parliament then approved the electoral reform on October 14.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4340434.stm Italy deputies back voting reform], BBC News</ref>
The new electoral was then eventually approved on December 16, 2005, and countersigned by President Ciampi on December 23, 2005.<ref>{{it icon}} [http://www.corriere.it/Primo_Piano/Politica/2005/12_Dicembre/22/leggeelettorale.shtml {{lang|it|Ciampi ha firmato la legge elettorale}}], Corriere della Sera</ref>
The new electoral was then eventually approved on December 16, 2005, and countersigned by President Ciampi on December 23, 2005.<ref>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.corriere.it/Primo_Piano/Politica/2005/12_Dicembre/22/leggeelettorale.shtml {{lang|it|Ciampi ha firmato la legge elettorale}}], Corriere della Sera</ref>


[[Roberto Calderoli]], the main author of this electoral reform, defined this law "a rascality" (using the mildly vulgar term "{{lang|it|porcata}}").
[[Roberto Calderoli]], the main author of this electoral reform, defined this law "a rascality" (using the mildly vulgar term "{{lang|it|porcata}}").
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* [[Forza Italia]]
* [[Forza Italia]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Forza Italia/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 155px;">10</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Forza Italia}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 170px;">11</div>
|-
|-
|
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* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 90px;">6</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 80px;">5</div>
|-
|-
|
|
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Lega Nord/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 45px;">3</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Lega Nord}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 50px;">3</div>
|-
|-
|
|
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Union of Christian and Centre Democrats/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 45px;">3</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Union of Christian and Centre Democrats}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 50px;">3</div>
|-
|-
|
|
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]]
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{New Italian Socialist Party/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
|-
|-
|
|
* [[Italian Republican Party]]
* [[Italian Republican Party]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Italian Republican Party/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Italian Republican Party}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
⚫
|-
⚫
|
⚫
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]
⚫
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
|}
|}


====Ministers and other members====
====Ministers and other members====
* [[Forza Italia]] (FI): Prime minister, 9 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 32 undersecretaries
* [[Forza Italia]] (FI): Prime minister, 1 Deputy Prime minister, 10 ministers, 35 undersecretaries
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN): 5 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 12 undersecretaries
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN): 6 ministers (incl. 1 Deputy Prime minister), 16 undersecretaries
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (UDC): 3 ministers, 1 deputy minister, 8 undersecretaries
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (UDC): 3 ministers, 9 undersecretaries
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]] (LN): 3 ministers, 9 undersecretaries
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]] (LN): 3 ministers, 9 undersecretaries
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]] (NPSI): 1 minister, 1 deputy minister, 1 undersecretary
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]] (NPSI): 1 minister, 2 undersecretaries
* [[Italian Republican Party]] (PRI): 1 minister, 1 deputy minister
* [[Italian Republican Party]] (PRI): 1 minister, 1 undersecretary
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]: 1 undersecretary
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]: 1 minister, 1 undersecretary


===End of term===
===End of term===
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* [[Forza Italia]]
* [[Forza Italia]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Forza Italia/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 170px;">11</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Forza Italia}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 155px;">10</div>
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|-
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* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 80px;">5</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 90px;">6</div>
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|-
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* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Lega Nord/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 50px;">3</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Lega Nord}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 45px;">3</div>
|-
|-
|
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* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Union of Christian and Centre Democrats/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 50px;">3</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Union of Christian and Centre Democrats}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 45px;">3</div>
|-
|-
|
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* [[New Italian Socialist Party]]
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{New Italian Socialist Party/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
|-
|-
|
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* [[Italian Republican Party]]
* [[Italian Republican Party]]
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{Italian Republican Party/meta/color}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Italian Republican Party}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
⚫
|-
⚫
|
⚫
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]
⚫
| <div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 15px;">1</div>
|}
|}


====Ministers and other members====
====Ministers and other members====
* [[Forza Italia]] (FI): Prime minister, 10 ministers, 17 undersecretaries
* [[Forza Italia]] (FI): Prime minister, 9 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 32 undersecretaries
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN): 6 ministers, 8 undersecretaries
* [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN): 5 ministers (incl. 1 Deputy Prime minister), 3 deputy ministers, 12 undersecretaries
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (UDC): 3 ministers, 5 undersecretaries
* [[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]] (UDC): 3 ministers, 1 deputy minister, 8 undersecretaries
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]] (LN): 3 ministers, 5 undersecretaries
* [[Lega Nord|Northern League]] (LN): 3 ministers, 9 undersecretaries
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]] (NPSI): 1 minister, 2 undersecretaries
* [[New Italian Socialist Party]] (NPSI): 1 minister, 1 deputy minister, 1 undersecretary
* [[Italian Republican Party]] (PRI): 1 minister, 1 undersecretary
* [[Italian Republican Party]] (PRI): 1 minister, 1 deputy minister
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]: 1 minister, 1 undersecretary
* [[Independent politician|Independents]]: 1 undersecretary


==Composition of the Government==
==Composition==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="7"|Third Berlusconi Government <br>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|-
!Portrait
!Portrait
!width=20%|Office
!width=20%|Office
Line 150: Line 150:
!width=20%|Deputy Ministers <br>Undersecretaries
!width=20%|Deputy Ministers <br>Undersecretaries
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Silvio_Berlusconi_2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Silvio Berlusconi 1996.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]</center>
|[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
|<center>[[Silvio Berlusconi]]</center>
|[[Silvio Berlusconi]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Gianni Letta]] (Ind.)<br> [[Paolo Bonaiuti]] (FI)</small>
|rowspan="4"|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Gianni Letta]] (Ind.)<br> [[Paolo Bonaiuti]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
! colspan="7"|
! colspan="6"|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Gianfranco_Fini_(2001).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Giulio Tremonti 2.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Deputy Prime Minister of Italy|Deputy Prime Minister]]</center>
|[[Deputy Prime Minister of Italy|Deputy Prime Minister]]
⚫
|[[Giulio Tremonti]]
⚫
|<center>[[Gianfranco Fini]]</center>
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 8 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
⚫
|[[Forza Italia]]
⚫
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Giulio Tremonti 2.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Gianfranco_Fini_(2001).jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Deputy Prime Minister of Italy|Deputy Prime Minister]]</center>
|[[Deputy Prime Minister of Italy|Deputy Prime Minister]]
⚫
|[[Gianfranco Fini]]
⚫
|<center>[[Giulio Tremonti]]</center>
|<center>23 April 2005 – 8 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
⚫
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
⚫
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|
|-
|-
! colspan="7"|
! colspan="7"|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Gianni Letta 2009.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Gianfranco_Fini_(2001).jpg|80px]]
⚫
|[[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
|<center>[[Secretary of the Council of Ministers of Italy|Secretary of the Council of Ministers]]</center>
⚫
|[[Gianfranco Fini]]
|<center>[[Gianni Letta]]</center>
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Independent politician/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
⚫
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|<center>[[Independent politician|Independent]]</center>
|
|-
! colspan="7"|Ministers
|-
|<center>[[File:Gianfranco_Fini_(2001).jpg|80px]]</center>
⚫
|<center>[[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]</center>
⚫
|<center>[[Gianfranco Fini]]</center>
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
⚫
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Roberto Antonione]] (FI)<br> [[Giampaolo Bettamio]] (FI)<br> [[Margherita Boniver]] (FI)<br> [[Giuseppe Drago]] (UDC)<br> [[Alfredo Mantica]] (AN)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Roberto Antonione]] (FI)<br> [[Giampaolo Bettamio]] (FI)<br> [[Margherita Boniver]] (FI)<br> [[Giuseppe Drago]] (UDC)<br> [[Alfredo Mantica]] (AN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Beppe Pisanu.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Beppe Pisanu.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of the Interior|Minister of the Interior]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of the Interior|Minister of the Interior]]
|<center>[[Giuseppe Pisanu]]</center>
|[[Giuseppe Pisanu]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Maurizio Balocchi]] (LN)<br> [[Antonio D'Alì]] (FI)<br> [[Gianpiero D'Alia]] (UDC)<br> [[Alfredo Mantovano]] (AN)<br> [[Michele Saponara]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Maurizio Balocchi]] (LN)<br> [[Antonio D'Alì]] (FI)<br> [[Gianpiero D'Alia]] (UDC)<br> [[Alfredo Mantovano]] (AN)<br> [[Michele Saponara]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Roberto Castelli (2001).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Roberto Castelli (2001).jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Justice|Minister of Justice]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Justice|Minister of Justice]]
|<center>[[Roberto Castelli]]</center>
|[[Roberto Castelli]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Lega Nord/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]</center>
|[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Pasquale Giuliano]] (FI)<br> [[Jole Santelli]] (FI)<br> [[Giuseppe Valentino (politician)|Giuseppe Valentino]] (AN)<br> [[Luigi Vitali]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Pasquale Giuliano]] (FI)<br> [[Jole Santelli]] (FI)<br> [[Giuseppe Valentino (politician)|Giuseppe Valentino]] (AN)<br> [[Luigi Vitali]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Domenico Siniscalco.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Domenico Siniscalco.jpg|80px]]
|rowspan=3|<center>[[Italian Minister of Economy and Finance|Minister of Economy and Finance]]</center>
|rowspan=3|[[Italian Minister of Economy and Finance|Minister of Economy and Finance]]
|<center>[[Domenico Siniscalco]]</center>
|[[Domenico Siniscalco]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 22 September 2005</center>
|23 April 2005 – 22 September 2005
|bgcolor="{{Independent politician/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Independent politician|Independent]]</center>
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|rowspan=3|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Mario Baldassarri]] (AN){{efn|name=fn1|Undersecretary until 1 July 2005}}<br><small>(since 1 July 2005)</small><br> [[Giuseppe Vegas]] (FI){{efn|name=fn1}}<br><small>(since 1 July 2005)</small><br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Maria Teresa Armosino]] (FI)<br> [[Manlio Contento]] (AN)<br> [[Daniele Molgora]] (LN)<br> [[Michele Vietti]] (UDC)</small>
|rowspan=3|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Mario Baldassarri]] (AN){{efn|name=fn1|Undersecretary until 1 July 2005}}<br>(since 1 July 2005)<br> [[Giuseppe Vegas]] (FI){{efn|name=fn1}}<br>(since 1 July 2005)<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Maria Teresa Armosino]] (FI)<br> [[Manlio Contento]] (AN)<br> [[Daniele Molgora]] (LN)<br> [[Michele Vietti]] (UDC)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Giulio Tremonti 2.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Giulio Tremonti 2.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Giulio Tremonti]]</center>
|[[Giulio Tremonti]]
|<center>22 September 2005 – 8 May 2006</center>
|22 September 2005 – 8 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Silvio_Berlusconi_2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Silvio Berlusconi 1996.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Silvio Berlusconi]] <br>''(ad interim)''</center>
|[[Silvio Berlusconi]] <br>''(ad interim)''
|<center>8 May 2006 – 17 May 2006</center>
|8 May 2006 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Claudio_Scajola_2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Claudio_Scajola_2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Economic Development|Minister of Productive Activities]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Economic Development|Minister of Productive Activities]]
|<center>[[Claudio Scajola]]</center>
|[[Claudio Scajola]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Adolfo Urso]] (AN){{efn|name=fn2|Undersecretary until 23 May 2005}}<br><small>(since 23 May 2005)</small><br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Giovambattista Caligiuri]] (FI)<br> [[Roberto Cota]] (LN)<br> [[Giuseppe Galati]] (UDC)<br> [[Mario Valducci]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Adolfo Urso]] (AN){{efn|name=fn2|Undersecretary until 23 May 2005}}<br>(since 23 May 2005)<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Giovambattista Caligiuri]] (FI)<br> [[Roberto Cota]] (LN)<br> [[Giuseppe Galati]] (UDC)<br> [[Mario Valducci]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Moratti 2006 cropped (2).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Moratti 2006 cropped (2).jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Education|Minister of Education, University and Research]]
|[[Italian Minister of Education|Minister of Education, University and Research]]
|<center>[[Letizia Moratti]]</center>
|[[Letizia Moratti]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Guido Possa]] (FI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br><small>(since 23 May 2005)</small><br> [[Giovanni Ricevuto]] (NPSI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Valentina Aprea]] (FI)<br> [[Maria Grazia Siliquini]] (AN)</small>
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Guido Possa]] (FI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>(since 23 May 2005)<br> [[Giovanni Ricevuto]] (NPSI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Valentina Aprea]] (FI)<br> [[Maria Grazia Siliquini]] (AN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Roberto Maroni 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Roberto Maroni 1996.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Labour and Social Policies|Minister of Labour and Social Security]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Labour and Social Policies|Minister of Labour and Social Security]]
|<center>[[Roberto Maroni]]</center>
|[[Roberto Maroni]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Lega Nord/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]</center>
|[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Alberto Brambilla]] (LN)<br> {{nowrap|[[Francesco Saverio Romano|Saverio Romano]] (UDC)}}<br> [[Roberto Rosso]] (FI)<br> [[Maurizio Sacconi]] (FI)<br>[[Grazia Sestini]] (FI)<br> [[Pasquale Viespoli]] (AN)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Alberto Brambilla]] (LN)<br> {{nowrap|[[Francesco Saverio Romano|Saverio Romano]] (UDC)}}<br> [[Roberto Rosso]] (FI)<br> [[Maurizio Sacconi]] (FI)<br>[[Grazia Sestini]] (FI)<br> [[Pasquale Viespoli]] (AN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Antonio Martino daticamera 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Antonio Martino daticamera 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Defence|Minister of Defense]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Defence|Minister of Defense]]
|<center>[[Antonio Martino]]</center>
|[[Antonio Martino]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Filippo Berselli]] (AN)<br> [[Francesco Bosi]] (UDC)<br> [[Salvatore Cicu]] (FI)<br> [[Rosario Giorgio Costa]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Filippo Berselli]] (AN)<br> [[Francesco Bosi]] (UDC)<br> [[Salvatore Cicu]] (FI)<br> [[Rosario Giorgio Costa]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Gianni Alemanno 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Gianni Alemanno 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Agriculture|Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policies]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Agriculture|Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policies]]
|<center>[[Gianni Alemanno]]</center>
|[[Gianni Alemanno]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Teresio Delfino]] (UDC)<br> [[Gianpaolo Dozzo]] (LN)<br> [[Paolo Scarpa Bonazza Buora|Paolo Scarpa]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Teresio Delfino]] (UDC)<br> [[Gianpaolo Dozzo]] (LN)<br> [[Paolo Scarpa Bonazza Buora|Paolo Scarpa]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Altero Matteoli datisenato 2006.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Altero Matteoli datisenato 2006.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of the Environment|Minister of the Environment]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of the Environment|Minister of the Environment]]
|<center>[[Altero Matteoli]]</center>
|[[Altero Matteoli]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Francesco Nucara]] (PRI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br><small>(since 23 May 2005)</small><br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Stefano Stefani]] (LN)<br> [[Roberto Tortoli]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Francesco Nucara]] (PRI){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>(since 23 May 2005)<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Stefano Stefani]] (LN)<br> [[Roberto Tortoli]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Pietro Lunardi (2001).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Pietro Lunardi 2006.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Infrastructure and Transport|Minister of Infrastructure and Transport]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Infrastructure and Transport|Minister of Infrastructure and Transport]]
|<center>[[Pietro Lunardi]]</center>
|[[Pietro Lunardi]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Ugo Martinat]] (AN){{efn|name=fn2}}<br><small>(since 23 May 2005)</small><br> [[Mario Tassone]] (UDC){{efn|name=fn2}}<br><small>(since 23 May 2005)</small><br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Federico Bricolo]] (LN)<br> [[Mauro Del Bue]] (NPSI)<br> [[Silvano Moffa]] (AN)<br> [[Paolo Uggè]] (FI)<br> [[Guido Viceconte]] (FI)<br> [[Nino Sospiri]] (AN)<br><small>(until 2 January 2006)</small></small>
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Ugo Martinat]] (AN){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>(since 23 May 2005)<br> [[Mario Tassone]] (UDC){{efn|name=fn2}}<br>(since 23 May 2005)<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Federico Bricolo]] (LN)<br> [[Mauro Del Bue]] (NPSI)<br> [[Silvano Moffa]] (AN)<br> [[Paolo Uggè]] (FI)<br> [[Guido Viceconte]] (FI)<br> [[Nino Sospiri]] (AN)<br>(until 2 January 2006)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Francesco Storace (2006).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Francesco Storace (2006).jpg|80px]]
|rowspan=2|<center>[[Italian Minister of Health|Minister of Health]]</center>
|rowspan=2|[[Italian Minister of Health|Minister of Health]]
|<center>[[Francesco Storace]]</center>
|[[Francesco Storace]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 11 March 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 11 March 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|rowspan=2|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Elisabetta Casellati]] (FI)<br> [[Cesare Cursi]] (AN)<br> [[Domenico Di Virgilio]] (FI)<br> [[Domenico Zinzi]] (UDC)</small>
|rowspan=2|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Elisabetta Casellati]] (FI)<br> [[Cesare Cursi]] (AN)<br> [[Domenico Di Virgilio]] (FI)<br> [[Domenico Zinzi]] (UDC)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Silvio_Berlusconi_2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Silvio Berlusconi 1996.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Silvio Berlusconi]] <br>''(ad interim)''</center>
|[[Silvio Berlusconi]] <br>''(ad interim)''
|<center>11 March 2006 – 17 May 2006</center>
|11 March 2006 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Rocco Buttiglione 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Rocco Buttiglione 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism|Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism|Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities]]
|<center>[[Rocco Buttiglione]]</center>
|[[Rocco Buttiglione]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Union of Christian and Centre Democrats/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Union of Christian and Centre Democrats}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]</center>
|[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Antonio Martusciello]] (FI){{efn|name=fn3|Undersecretary until 18 July 2005}}<br><small>(since 18 July 2005)</small><br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Nicola Bono]] (AN)<br> [[Mario Pescante]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Deputy Ministers:'''<br>[[Antonio Martusciello]] (FI){{efn|name=fn3|Undersecretary until 18 July 2005}}<br>(since 18 July 2005)<br>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Nicola Bono]] (AN)<br> [[Mario Pescante]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Mario Landolfi 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Mario Landolfi 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Ministry of Communications (Italy)|Minister of Communications]]</center>
|[[Ministry of Communications (Italy)|Minister of Communications]]
|<center>[[Mario Landolfi]]</center>
|[[Mario Landolfi]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Massimo Baldini]] (FI)<br> [[Paolo Romani]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br>[[Massimo Baldini]] (FI)<br> [[Paolo Romani]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
! colspan="7"|Ministers without portfolio
! colspan="7"|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Enrico La Loggia.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Enrico La Loggia.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies|Minister of Regional Affairs]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies|Minister of Regional Affairs]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Enrico La Loggia]]</center>
|[[Enrico La Loggia]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Alberto Gagliardi]] (FI)<br> [[Luciano Gasperini]] (LN)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Alberto Gagliardi]] (FI)<br> [[Luciano Gasperini]] (LN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Stefano Caldoro 2008.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Stefano Caldoro 2008.jpg|80px]]
|<center>Minister for the Implementation of the Government Program</center>
|Minister for the Implementation of the Government Program <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Stefano Caldoro]]</center>
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{New Italian Socialist Party/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[New Italian Socialist Party]]</center>
|[[New Italian Socialist Party]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Giovanni Dell'Elce]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Giovanni Dell'Elce]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Mario Baccini deputato.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Mario Baccini deputato.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of Public Administration|Minister of Public Function]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of Public Administration|Minister of Public Function]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Mario Baccini]]</center>
|[[Mario Baccini]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 5 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 5 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Union of Christian and Centre Democrats/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Union of Christian and Centre Democrats}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]</center>
|[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Learco Saporito]] (AN)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Learco Saporito]] (AN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Italy_politic_personality_icon.svg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Lucio Stanca senato.jpg|80px]]
|<center>Minister for Innovation and Technologies</center>
|Minister for Innovation and Technologies <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Lucio Stanca]]</center>
|[[Lucio Stanca]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|
|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Mirko Tremaglia (2001).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Mirko Tremaglia (2001).jpg|80px]]
|<center>Minister of Italians in the World</center>
|Minister of Italians in the World <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Mirko Tremaglia]]</center>
|[[Mirko Tremaglia]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]</center>
|[[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]
|
|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Stefania_Prestigiacomo_(p38350).jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Stefania_Prestigiacomo_(p38350).jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister for Equal Opportunities|Minister for Equal Opportunities]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister for Equal Opportunities|Minister for Equal Opportunities]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Stefania Prestigiacomo]]</center>
|[[Stefania Prestigiacomo]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|
|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Giorgio La Malfa 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Giorgio La Malfa 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister of European Affairs|Minister of Community Affairs]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister of European Affairs|Minister of Community Affairs]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Giorgio La Malfa]]</center>
|[[Giorgio La Malfa]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Italian Republican Party/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Italian Republican Party}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Italian Republican Party]]</center>
|[[Italian Republican Party]]
|
|
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Roberto Calderoli datisenato 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Roberto Calderoli datisenato 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>Minister for Institutional Reforms and Devolution</center>
|Minister for Institutional Reforms and Devolution <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Roberto Calderoli]]</center>
|[[Roberto Calderoli]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 20 February 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 20 February 2006
|bgcolor="{{Lega Nord/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]</center>
|[[Lega Nord|Northern League]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Aldo Brancher]] (FI)<br> [[Nuccio Carrara]] (AN)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Aldo Brancher]] (FI)<br> [[Nuccio Carrara]] (AN)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Carlo Giovanardi 2001.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Carlo Giovanardi 2001.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister for Parliamentary Relations|Minister for Parliamentary Relations]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister for Parliamentary Relations|Minister for Parliamentary Relations]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Carlo Giovanardi]]</center>
|[[Carlo Giovanardi]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Union of Christian and Centre Democrats/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Union of Christian and Centre Democrats}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]</center>
|[[Union of Christian and Centre Democrats]]
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Cosimo Ventucci]] (FI)<br> [[Gianfranco Conte]] (FI)</small>
|<small>'''Undersecretaries:'''<br> [[Cosimo Ventucci]] (FI)<br> [[Gianfranco Conte]] (FI)</small>
|-
|-
|<center>[[File:Gianfranco_Micciché.jpg|80px]]</center>
|[[File:Gianfranco_Micciché.jpg|80px]]
|<center>[[Italian Minister for the South|Minister for Development and Territorial Cohesion]]</center>
|[[Italian Minister for the South|Minister for Development and Territorial Cohesion]] <br> ''(without portfolio)''
|<center>[[Gianfranco Micciché]]</center>
|[[Gianfranco Micciché]]
|<center>23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006</center>
|23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006
|bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" width=1%|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" width=1%|
|<center>[[Forza Italia]]</center>
|[[Forza Italia]]
|
|
|}
|}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Berlusconi Iii Cabinet}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Berlusconi Iii Cabinet}}
[[Category:Italian governments]]
[[Category:Italian governments]]
[[Category:Silvio Berlusconi]]
[[Category:Political career of Silvio Berlusconi|Government 3]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:2006 disestablishments in Italy]]
[[Category:2006 disestablishments in Italy]]

Latest revision as of 20:03, 3 August 2024

Berlusconi III Cabinet

58th Cabinet of Italy
Date formed23 April 2005 (2005-04-23)
Date dissolved2 May 2006 (2006-05-02) (375 days)
People and organisations
Head of stateCarlo Azeglio Ciampi
Head of governmentSilvio Berlusconi
No. of ministers25 (incl. Prime Minister)
Ministers removed1
Total no. of members26 (incl. Prime Minister)
Member partiesFI, AN, UDC, LN, NPSI, PRI
Status in legislatureCentre-right coalition
Opposition partiesDS, DL, PRC, UDEUR, SDI, FdV, PdCI
History
Outgoing election2006 election
Legislature termXIV Legislature (2001 – 2006)
Incoming formationBerlusconi III Cabinet formation, 2005
PredecessorSecond Berlusconi government
SuccessorSecond Prodi government

The third Berlusconi government was the cabinet of the government of Italy from 23 April 2005 to 17 May 2006. It was the 58th cabinet of the Italian Republic, and the second cabinet of the XIV Legislature.

Formation

[edit]
Official photo of the Berlusconi's government after the oath at the Quirinal Palace

House of Freedoms did not do as well in the 2003 local elections as it did in the 2001 national elections. In common with many other European governing groups, in the 2004 elections of the European Parliament, gaining 43.37% support. Forza Italia's support was also reduced from 29.5% to 21.0% (in the 1999 European elections Forza Italia had 25.2%). As an outcome of these results the other coalition parties, whose electoral results were more satisfactory, asked Berlusconi and Forza Italia for greater influence in the government's political line.

In the 2005 regional elections (3-4 April 2005), the centre-left gubernatorial candidates won in 12 out of 14 regions where control of local governments and governorships was at stake. Berlusconi's coalition kept only two of the regional bodies (Lombardy and Veneto) up for re-election. Three parties, Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, National Alliance and New Italian Socialist Party, threatened to withdraw from the Berlusconi government. The Italian Premier, after some hesitation, then presented to the President of the Republic a request for the dissolution of his government on 20 April 2005. On 23 April he formed a new government with the same allies, reshuffling ministers and amending the government programme. A key point required by the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (and to a lesser extent by National Alliance) for their continued support was that the strong focus on tax reduction central to the government's ambitions be changed.

New electoral law

[edit]
Further information: Italian electoral law of 2005

During this second cabinet was also approved a new electoral law. A white paper for a proportional-only electoral system was presented to the Chamber of Deputies on September 13, 2005, only seven months before the 2006 general election. This reform, strongly backed by the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, proposed a 4% election threshold before a party gained any seats, and a majority bonus of (at least) 340 seats for the winning coalition, the total votes for each coalition being the sum of the votes of those coalition parties which had won at least 4% of the national votes. The new proposal was approved by parliament.[1]

An electoral survey published on September 15, 2005 by the national left newspaper La Repubblica[2] claimed that, with the initial proposal of electoral reform become law, the House of Freedoms would win the next elections 340-290, even if they won only 45% of votes and the opposition coalition The Union won 50%, because the Union also includes several small parties with less than 4% of national votes. This could have been avoided if the small opposition parties ran on a common ticket. Aim of this bill of reform was to reduce the number of parties, and particularly the moderate Left would have taken advantage in respect to the smaller radical left parties.

The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, commenting on the proposal, asked for the abolition of the 4% cut-off clause, whereas the National Alliance did not show any favour to this attempt of reform, with its leader Gianfranco Fini claiming to want first to vote for the constitutional reform, and then for the new voting system, on condition that the 4% cut-off were not repealed.[3]

This proposal of law was strongly questioned by the opposition coalition, who defined it an "attempted coup". Opposition leader Romano Prodi said it was "totally unacceptable".[4] Several newspapers politically oriented to the left nicknamed the electoral system proposal by the House of Freedoms as "Truffarellum", after "truffa" (Italian for "fraud") and the "Mattarellum", (from Sergio Mattarella), the most common name for the previous Italian electoral law (there is a recent custom to nickname new electoral systems by a somewhat Latinised version of the name of the lawmaker; another one is the system used in regional elections, the so-called "Tatarellum" from Pinuccio Tatarella).

Notably, some smaller opposition parties, such as Communist Refoundation Party and UDEUR, support a proportional electoral law; nevertheless, they declared they were against an electoral reform by this parliament, because the current law would be changed too close to the 2006 general election.

The Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi had previously been a strong supporter of the plurality-based electoral law; in 1995, talking about his coalition, he even defined the plurality principle as "our religion".[5]

A modified version of the first proposal, this time with a 2% threshold for entering Parliament and without vote of preference for candidates, but still without the support of the opposition, was presented to the Chamber of Deputies. The voting count started on October 11; the lower house of Italian parliament then approved the electoral reform on October 14.[6] The new electoral was then eventually approved on December 16, 2005, and countersigned by President Ciampi on December 23, 2005.[7]

Roberto Calderoli, the main author of this electoral reform, defined this law "a rascality" (using the mildly vulgar term "porcata").

Ironically, the new electoral law allowed Romano Prodi to count on a large majority in the Chamber and to obtain majority also in the Senate, where The House of Freedoms actually had more votes (49.88% vs. 49.18% of the Union).

Party breakdown

[edit]

Beginning of term

[edit]

Ministers

[edit]
11
5
3
3
1
1

Ministers and other members

[edit]

End of term

[edit]

Ministers

[edit]
10
6
3
3
1
1
1

Ministers and other members

[edit]

Composition

[edit]
Portrait Office Name Term Party Deputy Ministers
Undersecretaries
Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Undersecretaries:
Gianni Letta (Ind.)
Paolo Bonaiuti (FI)
Deputy Prime Minister Giulio Tremonti 23 April 2005 – 8 May 2006 Forza Italia
Deputy Prime Minister Gianfranco Fini 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance
Minister of Foreign Affairs Gianfranco Fini 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance Undersecretaries:
Roberto Antonione (FI)
Giampaolo Bettamio (FI)
Margherita Boniver (FI)
Giuseppe Drago (UDC)
Alfredo Mantica (AN)
Minister of the Interior Giuseppe Pisanu 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Undersecretaries:
Maurizio Balocchi (LN)
Antonio D'Alì (FI)
Gianpiero D'Alia (UDC)
Alfredo Mantovano (AN)
Michele Saponara (FI)
Minister of Justice Roberto Castelli 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Northern League Undersecretaries:
Pasquale Giuliano (FI)
Jole Santelli (FI)
Giuseppe Valentino (AN)
Luigi Vitali (FI)
Minister of Economy and Finance Domenico Siniscalco 23 April 2005 – 22 September 2005 Independent Deputy Ministers:
Mario Baldassarri (AN)[a]
(since 1 July 2005)
Giuseppe Vegas (FI)[a]
(since 1 July 2005)
Undersecretaries:
Maria Teresa Armosino (FI)
Manlio Contento (AN)
Daniele Molgora (LN)
Michele Vietti (UDC)
Giulio Tremonti 22 September 2005 – 8 May 2006 Forza Italia
Silvio Berlusconi
(ad interim) 		8 May 2006 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia
Minister of Productive Activities Claudio Scajola 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Deputy Ministers:
Adolfo Urso (AN)[b]
(since 23 May 2005)
Undersecretaries:
Giovambattista Caligiuri (FI)
Roberto Cota (LN)
Giuseppe Galati (UDC)
Mario Valducci (FI)
Minister of Education, University and Research Letizia Moratti 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Deputy Ministers:
Guido Possa (FI)[b]
(since 23 May 2005)
Giovanni Ricevuto (NPSI)[b]
Undersecretaries:
Valentina Aprea (FI)
Maria Grazia Siliquini (AN)
Minister of Labour and Social Security Roberto Maroni 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Northern League Undersecretaries:
Alberto Brambilla (LN)
Saverio Romano (UDC)
Roberto Rosso (FI)
Maurizio Sacconi (FI)
Grazia Sestini (FI)
Pasquale Viespoli (AN)
Minister of Defense Antonio Martino 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Undersecretaries:
Filippo Berselli (AN)
Francesco Bosi (UDC)
Salvatore Cicu (FI)
Rosario Giorgio Costa (FI)
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policies Gianni Alemanno 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance Undersecretaries:
Teresio Delfino (UDC)
Gianpaolo Dozzo (LN)
Paolo Scarpa (FI)
Minister of the Environment Altero Matteoli 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance Deputy Ministers:
Francesco Nucara (PRI)[b]
(since 23 May 2005)
Undersecretaries:
Stefano Stefani (LN)
Roberto Tortoli (FI)
Minister of Infrastructure and Transport Pietro Lunardi 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Deputy Ministers:
Ugo Martinat (AN)[b]
(since 23 May 2005)
Mario Tassone (UDC)[b]
(since 23 May 2005)
Undersecretaries:
Federico Bricolo (LN)
Mauro Del Bue (NPSI)
Silvano Moffa (AN)
Paolo Uggè (FI)
Guido Viceconte (FI)
Nino Sospiri (AN)
(until 2 January 2006)
Minister of Health Francesco Storace 23 April 2005 – 11 March 2006 National Alliance Undersecretaries:
Elisabetta Casellati (FI)
Cesare Cursi (AN)
Domenico Di Virgilio (FI)
Domenico Zinzi (UDC)
Silvio Berlusconi
(ad interim) 		11 March 2006 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia
Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities Rocco Buttiglione 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Union of Christian and Centre Democrats Deputy Ministers:
Antonio Martusciello (FI)[c]
(since 18 July 2005)
Undersecretaries:
Nicola Bono (AN)
Mario Pescante (FI)
Minister of Communications Mario Landolfi 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance Undersecretaries:
Massimo Baldini (FI)
Paolo Romani (FI)
Minister of Regional Affairs
(without portfolio) 		Enrico La Loggia 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia Undersecretaries:
Alberto Gagliardi (FI)
Luciano Gasperini (LN)
Minister for the Implementation of the Government Program
(without portfolio) 		Stefano Caldoro 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 New Italian Socialist Party Undersecretaries:
Giovanni Dell'Elce (FI)
Minister of Public Function
(without portfolio) 		Mario Baccini 23 April 2005 – 5 May 2006 Union of Christian and Centre Democrats Undersecretaries:
Learco Saporito (AN)
Minister for Innovation and Technologies
(without portfolio) 		Lucio Stanca 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia
Minister of Italians in the World
(without portfolio) 		Mirko Tremaglia 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 National Alliance
Minister for Equal Opportunities
(without portfolio) 		Stefania Prestigiacomo 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia
Minister of Community Affairs
(without portfolio) 		Giorgio La Malfa 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Italian Republican Party
Minister for Institutional Reforms and Devolution
(without portfolio) 		Roberto Calderoli 23 April 2005 – 20 February 2006 Northern League Undersecretaries:
Aldo Brancher (FI)
Nuccio Carrara (AN)
Minister for Parliamentary Relations
(without portfolio) 		Carlo Giovanardi 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Union of Christian and Centre Democrats Undersecretaries:
Cosimo Ventucci (FI)
Gianfranco Conte (FI)
Minister for Development and Territorial Cohesion
(without portfolio) 		Gianfranco Micciché 23 April 2005 – 17 May 2006 Forza Italia
  1. ^ a b Undersecretary until 1 July 2005
  2. ^ a b c d e f Undersecretary until 23 May 2005
  3. ^ Undersecretary until 18 July 2005

Sources

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Pole Agrees to Go Back to Proportional Vote, Corriere della Sera
  2. ^ (in Italian) Dalla vittoria alla sconfitta la riforma "scippa" l'Unione, La Repubblica
  3. ^ [1][permanent dead link‍], Reuters
  4. ^ (in Italian) Legge elettorale, accordo nella Cdl Unione insorge: "Blocchiamo le Camere", La Repubblica
  5. ^ (in Italian) Nessun blitz prima delle elezioni Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine, DS Milano
  6. ^ Italy deputies back voting reform, BBC News
  7. ^ (in Italian) Ciampi ha firmato la legge elettorale, Corriere della Sera
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