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{{spanish name|Goicochea|Lara}}
{{family name hatnote|Goicochea|Lara|lang=Spanish}}
{{short description|Venezuelan politician}}
[[Image:Yon goicoechea bilbon.JPG|thumb|222px|Yon Goicoechea.]]
{{Infobox person
⚫
'''Yon Alexander Goicoechea Lara''' (born 8 November 1984)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.dateas.com/es/persona_venezuela/goicoechea-lara-yon-alexander-10065485?expid=8348316-18&exp=oxIhetILNJvus0CGLhmRtd%2BWZHrc0v3XTaTq%2Fli%2BF4Y%3D |title=Goicoechea Lara Yon Alexander - Edo. Miranda - Venezuela &#124; Dateas.com |publisher=M.dateas.com |date= |accessdate=2018-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ponteiro.com.br/mostrad2.php?formdia=8&formmes=11&formano=1984|title=Eventos de 8/11/1984|website=www.ponteiro.com.br|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref> is a [[Venezuela]]n lawyer, graduated from the [[Universidad Católica Andrés Bello]] and [[Columbia University]] ([[LLM]]). He has been active in politics, in opposition to the governments of Venezuelan presidents [[Hugo Chávez]] and [[Nicolás Maduro|Nicolas Maduro]]. Goicoechea was one of the main organizers of the ''[[Movimiento Estudiantil (Venezuela)|Movimiento estudiantil venezolano]]'' (Venezuelan Student Movement) cited as a key factor in the rejection of Chavez's proposed constitutional changes in the December 2007 [[Venezuelan constitutional referendum, 2007|Venezuelan constitutional referendum]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/10/world/americas/10venez.html|title=Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez|last=Romero|first=Simon|date=2007-11-10|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> Goicoechea cites his Cuban-born grandmother, a [[Fidel Castro|Castro]] opponent, as the inspiration for his political activism.<ref name=WT />
| name = Yon Goicoechea
| image = Yon goicoechea bilbon.JPG
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1984|11|8}}
| birth_place = Caracas, [[Venezuela]]
| alma_mater = Columbia Law School<br>Andrés Bello Catholic University
| other_names =
| occupation = Lawyer<br>Activist<br>Organizer
| awards = [[Sakharov Prize]] (2017)
}}
⚫
'''Yon Alexander Goicoechea Lara''' (born 8 November 1984)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.dateas.com/es/persona_venezuela/goicoechea-lara-yon-alexander-10065485?expid=8348316-18&exp=oxIhetILNJvus0CGLhmRtd%2BWZHrc0v3XTaTq%2Fli%2BF4Y%3D |title=Goicoechea Lara Yon Alexander - Edo. Miranda - Venezuela &#124; Dateas.com |publisher=M.dateas.com |access-date=2018-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ponteiro.com.br/mostrad2.php?formdia=8&formmes=11&formano=1984|title=Eventos de 8/11/1984|website=www.ponteiro.com.br|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> is a [[Venezuela]]n lawyer, activist and organizer. He emerged as one of the leaders behind the [[Movimiento Estudiantil (Venezuela)|Venezuelan Student Movement]], which formed as a result of actions by Hugo Chávez to amass further power as the country's president.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/10/world/americas/10venez.html|title=Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez|last=Romero|first=Simon|date=2007-11-10|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> He holds degrees from the [[Andrés Bello Catholic University]] and [[Columbia University]].


== Milton Friedman Prize ==
== Career ==
In 2008, the [[Cato Institute]] awarded Goicoechea the [[Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty]] which comes with [[United States dollar|$]]500,000.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24282927/ |publisher=[[MSNBC]] |title=Student wins $500,000 for challenging Chavez |date=April 23, 2008}}</ref> At the time, Peruvian novelist [[Mario Vargas Llosa]] called Yon Goicoechea, "a symbol of… democratic reaction when freedom is threatened."<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Venezuelan Student Movement Leader Awarded $500,000 Milton Friedman Liberty Prize |publisher=Cato Institute |url=http://www.cato.org/special/friedman/goicoechea/index.html |postscript=.}}</ref>
In 2008, the [[Cato Institute]] awarded Goicoechea the [[Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty]] which comes with an award of $500,000.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna24282927 |publisher=[[NBC News]] |title=Student wins $500,000 for challenging Chavez |date=April 23, 2008}}</ref> At the time, Peruvian novelist [[Mario Vargas Llosa]] called Goicoechea, "a symbol of… democratic reaction when freedom is threatened."<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Venezuelan Student Movement Leader Awarded $500,000 Milton Friedman Liberty Prize |publisher=Cato Institute |url=http://www.cato.org/special/friedman/goicoechea/index.html }}</ref> After receiving the Prize, Goicoechea experienced harassment in Venezuela, and state-run television depicted him as a cartoon clutching wards of cash stamped with the words "Made in USA."<ref name="WT">{{cite news |first=Ian |last=James |date=May 27, 2008 |work=[[The Washington Times]] |title=Venezuela targets student |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/may/27/venezuela-targets-student/}}</ref> As a result of his activism, he experienced death threats, which led him to move between various friends' homes to stay safe. President Chávez called the Goicoechea-led student movement, a "fascist attack."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez |first=Simon |last=Romero |newspaper=New York Times |date=November 10, 2007 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/10/world/americas/10venez.html }}</ref> In 2013, Goicochea decided to leave Venezuela with his family.
After receiving the Milton Friedman Prize, Goicoechea experienced harassment in Venezuela including suffering a broken nose in a scuffle. State-run television has depicted him in a cartoon stamped with the words "Made in USA" clutching wads of cash.<ref name="WT">{{cite news |first=Ian |last=James |date=May 27, 2008 |work=[[The Washington Times]] |title=Venezuela targets student |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/may/27/venezuela-targets-student/}}</ref> Death threats forced him to move between various friends' homes to find a safe place to sleep. President Chávez called the Goicoechea-led student movement, a "fascist attack".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez |first=Simon |last=Romero |newspaper=New York Times |date=November 10, 2007 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/10/world/americas/10venez.html |postscript=.}}</ref> In 2013, Goicochea decided to leave Venezuela with his family to further his studies in Law at [[Columbia University]]..


⚫
After a period abroad, working and studying in the USA and Spain, Goicoechea returned to Venezuela in 2016 to rejoin the political arena. In an interview on June 26, Goicoechea explained that his return was marked by a renewed enthusiasm for the future of Venezuela.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lapatilla.com/site/2016/06/26/yon-goicoechea-en-entrevista-yo-regrese-y-regresaran-millones-porque-venezuela-tiene-futuro/|title=Yon Goicoechea en entrevista: Yo regresé y regresarán millones, porque Venezuela tiene futuro – LaPatilla.com|website=www.lapatilla.com|date=26 June 2016 |access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> After leaving the [[Primero Justicia]] political party, Goicoechea joined another opposition organization, [[Popular Will]], and campaigned for the [[Recall election|recall referendum]] against president [[Nicolás Maduro]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Delgado|first=Melanie|title=Yon Goicoechea: Regresé para reivindicarme como político|url=http://caraotadigital.net/site/2016/08/15/a-su-regreso-a-venezuela-yon-goicoechea-cuenta-sus-proyectos/|language=en-US|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref>
== Return to Venezuela ==
⚫
After a period abroad, working and studying in the USA and Spain, Goicoechea returned to Venezuela in 2016 to rejoin the political arena; in an interview on June 26, Goicoechea explained that his return was marked by a renewed enthusiasm as the time for the future had come to Venezuela.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lapatilla.com/site/2016/06/26/yon-goicoechea-en-entrevista-yo-regrese-y-regresaran-millones-porque-venezuela-tiene-futuro/|title=Yon Goicoechea en entrevista: Yo regresé y regresarán millones, porque Venezuela tiene futuro – LaPatilla.com|website=www.lapatilla.com|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> After leaving the [[Primero Justicia]] political party, Goicoechea joined another opposition organization, [[Popular Will]], and campaigned for the [[Recall election|recall referendum]] against president [[Nicolás Maduro]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Delgado|first=Melanie|title=Yon Goicoechea: Regresé para reivindicarme como político|url=http://caraotadigital.net/site/2016/08/15/a-su-regreso-a-venezuela-yon-goicoechea-cuenta-sus-proyectos/|language=en-US|accessdate=2016-08-29}}</ref>


== Detention ==
== Detention ==
On 29 August 2016 he was detained while driving in the La Trinidad neighborhood of Caracas, as was confirmed by [[El Hatillo Municipality, Venezuela|El Hatillo]] Mayor [[David Smolansky]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/dsmolansky/status/770333822445559808|title=David Smolansky on Twitter|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> Witnesses indicated that the [[Bolivarian Intelligence Service]] (SEBIN) was responsible for his detention.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in-venezuela.com/2016/08/29/08-29-16-yon-goicoechea/|title=08.29.16: Yon Goicoechea|date=29 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref> Oddly, it was [[PSUV]] vice president and National Assembly deputy [[Diosdado Cabello]] who officially acknowledged his detention during a government rally. Cabello stated that Goicoechea had been arrested with "explosives and detonators".<ref>[http://caraotadigital.net/site/2016/08/29/cabello-confirma-detencion-de-goicoechea-y-lo-acusa-de-tener-cordones-detonantes/ ]{{dead link|date=September 2018}}</ref> For over two days no news were heard of his whereabouts raising concerns of his spouse,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voluntadpopular.com/index.php/ver-noticia/noticias/8-noticias/5291-rosaura-goicoechea-tengo-mas-de-35-horas-sin-saber-nada-de-mi-esposo-temo-por-su-vida|title=Rosaura Goicoechea: Tengo más de 35 horas sin saber nada de mi esposo, temo por su vida|last=VPA|first=Prensa|website=voluntadpopular.com|access-date=2016-09-02}}</ref> fellow party members and [[Human Rights Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://humanrightsfoundation.org/news/news/venezuela-hrf-condemns-arbitrary-arrest-and-fabrication-of-evidence-against-opposition-leader-00578|title=Venezuela: HRF Condemns Arbitrary Arrest and Fabrication of Evidence Against Opposition Leader {{!}} News {{!}} Human Rights Foundation|last=Foundation|first=Human Rights|website=Human Rights Foundation|access-date=2016-09-02}}</ref> On 31 August 2016 and after his lawyer, Nizar El Fakih, filed an [[Habeas Corpus]] recourse for unlawful detention and imprisonment,<ref>[http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Solicitaron-amparo-constitucional-Yon-Goicoechea_0_913108917.html ]{{dead link|date=September 2018}}</ref> Goicoechea was finally produced and taken to the arraignment court in Caracas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unionradio.net/yon-goicoechea-fue-presentado-en-tribunales/|title=Yon Goicoechea fue presentado en tribunales - Unión Radio|date=31 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref> On the arraigment, his lawyer stated his detention was not only irregularly executed but charges being raised against Goicoechea had no backing on genunine evidence. During the preliminary hearing on Friday September 2, 2016 admissibility was decided. Arraignment judge ordered that Goicoechea should remain under police custody without bail.<ref>[http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Goicoechea-imputado-permanecera-detenido_0_914308905.html ]{{dead link|date=September 2018}}</ref> After hearing the charges and pleading not guilty, Goicoechea expressed his commitment to both democracy and a non-violent struggle for a better future in Venezuela.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/nizarUCAB|title=Nizar El Fakih (@nizarUCAB) - Twitter|website=twitter.com|accessdate=5 September 2018}}</ref>
On August 29, 2016 Goicoechea was detained while driving in La Trinidad, a neighborhood of Caracas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/dsmolansky/status/770333822445559808|title=David Smolansky on Twitter|access-date=2016-08-29}}</ref> Witnesses indicated that the [[Bolivarian Intelligence Service]] (SEBIN) was responsible for his detention,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in-venezuela.com/2016/08/29/08-29-16-yon-goicoechea/|title=08.29.16: Yon Goicoechea|date=29 August 2016|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> but [[PSUV]] vice president and National Assembly deputy [[Diosdado Cabello]] later acknowledged his detention during a government rally. Cabello stated that Goicoechea had been arrested with "explosives and detonators".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://caraotadigital.net/site/2016/08/29/cabello-confirma-detencion-de-goicoechea-y-lo-acusa-de-tener-cordones-detonantes/ |title=Cabello confirma detención de Goicoechea y lo acusa de tener "cordones detonantes" &#124; CaraotaDigital |access-date=2016-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160831125431/http://caraotadigital.net/site/2016/08/29/cabello-confirma-detencion-de-goicoechea-y-lo-acusa-de-tener-cordones-detonantes/ |archive-date=2016-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> For two days no news were heard of his whereabouts raising concerns of his spouse,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voluntadpopular.com/index.php/ver-noticia/noticias/8-noticias/5291-rosaura-goicoechea-tengo-mas-de-35-horas-sin-saber-nada-de-mi-esposo-temo-por-su-vida|title=Rosaura Goicoechea: Tengo más de 35 horas sin saber nada de mi esposo, temo por su vida|last=VPA|first=Prensa|website=voluntadpopular.com|access-date=2016-09-02}}</ref> fellow party members and [[Human Rights Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://humanrightsfoundation.org/news/news/venezuela-hrf-condemns-arbitrary-arrest-and-fabrication-of-evidence-against-opposition-leader-00578|title=Venezuela: HRF Condemns Arbitrary Arrest and Fabrication of Evidence Against Opposition Leader {{!}} News {{!}} Human Rights Foundation|last=Foundation|first=Human Rights|website=Human Rights Foundation|access-date=2016-09-02}}</ref> On August 31, 2016 and after his lawyer, Nizar El Fakih, filed a lawsuit for unlawful detention and imprisonment,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Solicitaron-amparo-constitucional-Yon-Goicoechea_0_913108917.html |title=Abogado de Goicoechea solicitó un amparo constitucional |access-date=2016-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901203820/http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Solicitaron-amparo-constitucional-Yon-Goicoechea_0_913108917.html |archive-date=2016-09-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Goicoechea was taken to an arraignment court in Caracas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unionradio.net/yon-goicoechea-fue-presentado-en-tribunales/|title=Yon Goicoechea fue presentado en tribunales - Unión Radio|date=31 August 2016|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> On arraignment, his lawyer stated his detention was not only irregularly executed, but that the charges being raised against Goicoechea had no basis of evidence. During the preliminary hearing on Friday September 2, 2016, an arraignment judge ordered that Goicoechea should remain under police custody without bail.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Goicoechea-imputado-permanecera-detenido_0_914308905.html |title=Goicoechea fue imputado y permanecerá detenido |access-date=2016-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903121212/http://www.el-nacional.com/politica/Goicoechea-imputado-permanecera-detenido_0_914308905.html |archive-date=2016-09-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> After hearing the charges and pleading not guilty, Goicoechea expressed his commitment to both democracy and a non-violent struggle for a better future in Venezuela.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/nizarUCAB|title=Nizar El Fakih (@nizarUCAB) - Twitter|website=twitter.com|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref> He was paroled in October, and later wrote about his experiences in an editorial for ''The New York Times.''<ref>{{Cite news|last=Goicoechea|first=Yon|date=2017-09-04|title=Opinion {{!}} I Am in Prison Because I Want Freedom for My Country|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/04/opinion/venezuela-prison-democracy.html|access-date=2020-06-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Political prisoners in Venezuela]]


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Goicoechea, Yon}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goicoechea, Yon}}
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Venezuelan democracy activists]]
[[Category:Venezuelan democracy activists]]
⚫
[[Category:Venezuelan politicians]]
[[Category:People from Caracas]]
[[Category:People from Caracas]]
[[Category:Andrés Bello Catholic University alumni]]
[[Category:Andrés Bello Catholic University alumni]]
[[Category:Venezuelan people of Basque descent]]
[[Category:Venezuelan people of Basque descent]]
[[Category:Venezuelan people of Cuban descent]]
[[Category:Venezuelan people of Cuban descent]]
[[Category:Venezuelan anti-communists]]
[[Category:21st-century Venezuelan lawyers]]
⚫
[[Category:Venezuelan lawyers]]
[[Category:Columbia Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Justice First politicians]]
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[[Category:Popular Will politicians]]
[[Category:Movimiento Estudiantil (Venezuela)]]
[[Category:Political prisoners during the Bolivarian Revolution]]
⚫
[[Category:Venezuelan prisoners and detainees]]
[[Category:Sakharov Prize laureates]]

Latest revision as of 21:32, 3 August 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Goicochea and the second or maternal family name is Lara.
Yon Goicoechea
Born (1984-11-08) November 8, 1984 (age 40)
Caracas, Venezuela
Alma materColumbia Law School
Andrés Bello Catholic University
Occupation(s)Lawyer
Activist
Organizer
AwardsSakharov Prize (2017)

Yon Alexander Goicoechea Lara (born 8 November 1984)[1][2] is a Venezuelan lawyer, activist and organizer. He emerged as one of the leaders behind the Venezuelan Student Movement, which formed as a result of actions by Hugo Chávez to amass further power as the country's president.[3] He holds degrees from the Andrés Bello Catholic University and Columbia University.

Career

[edit]

In 2008, the Cato Institute awarded Goicoechea the Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty which comes with an award of $500,000.[4] At the time, Peruvian novelist Mario Vargas Llosa called Goicoechea, "a symbol of… democratic reaction when freedom is threatened."[5] After receiving the Prize, Goicoechea experienced harassment in Venezuela, and state-run television depicted him as a cartoon clutching wards of cash stamped with the words "Made in USA."[6] As a result of his activism, he experienced death threats, which led him to move between various friends' homes to stay safe. President Chávez called the Goicoechea-led student movement, a "fascist attack."[7] In 2013, Goicochea decided to leave Venezuela with his family.

After a period abroad, working and studying in the USA and Spain, Goicoechea returned to Venezuela in 2016 to rejoin the political arena. In an interview on June 26, Goicoechea explained that his return was marked by a renewed enthusiasm for the future of Venezuela.[8] After leaving the Primero Justicia political party, Goicoechea joined another opposition organization, Popular Will, and campaigned for the recall referendum against president Nicolás Maduro.[9]

Detention

[edit]

On August 29, 2016 Goicoechea was detained while driving in La Trinidad, a neighborhood of Caracas.[10] Witnesses indicated that the Bolivarian Intelligence Service (SEBIN) was responsible for his detention,[11] but PSUV vice president and National Assembly deputy Diosdado Cabello later acknowledged his detention during a government rally. Cabello stated that Goicoechea had been arrested with "explosives and detonators".[12] For two days no news were heard of his whereabouts raising concerns of his spouse,[13] fellow party members and Human Rights Foundation.[14] On August 31, 2016 and after his lawyer, Nizar El Fakih, filed a lawsuit for unlawful detention and imprisonment,[15] Goicoechea was taken to an arraignment court in Caracas.[16] On arraignment, his lawyer stated his detention was not only irregularly executed, but that the charges being raised against Goicoechea had no basis of evidence. During the preliminary hearing on Friday September 2, 2016, an arraignment judge ordered that Goicoechea should remain under police custody without bail.[17] After hearing the charges and pleading not guilty, Goicoechea expressed his commitment to both democracy and a non-violent struggle for a better future in Venezuela.[18] He was paroled in October, and later wrote about his experiences in an editorial for The New York Times.[19]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Goicoechea Lara Yon Alexander - Edo. Miranda - Venezuela | Dateas.com". M.dateas.com. Retrieved 2018-09-05.
  2. ^ "Eventos de 8/11/1984". www.ponteiro.com.br. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  3. ^ Romero, Simon (2007-11-10). "Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  4. ^ "Student wins $500,000 for challenging Chavez". NBC News. Associated Press. April 23, 2008.
  5. ^ "Venezuelan Student Movement Leader Awarded $500,000 Milton Friedman Liberty Prize". Cato Institute. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ James, Ian (May 27, 2008). "Venezuela targets student". The Washington Times.
  7. ^ Romero, Simon (November 10, 2007). "Students Emerge as a Leading Force Against Chávez". New York Times.
  8. ^ "Yon Goicoechea en entrevista: Yo regresé y regresarán millones, porque Venezuela tiene futuro – LaPatilla.com". www.lapatilla.com. 26 June 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  9. ^ Delgado, Melanie, Yon Goicoechea: Regresé para reivindicarme como político, retrieved 2016-08-29
  10. ^ "David Smolansky on Twitter". Retrieved 2016-08-29.
  11. ^ "08.29.16: Yon Goicoechea". 29 August 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  12. ^ "Cabello confirma detención de Goicoechea y lo acusa de tener "cordones detonantes" | CaraotaDigital". Archived from the original on 2016-08-31. Retrieved 2016-09-01.
  13. ^ VPA, Prensa. "Rosaura Goicoechea: Tengo más de 35 horas sin saber nada de mi esposo, temo por su vida". voluntadpopular.com. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
  14. ^ Foundation, Human Rights. "Venezuela: HRF Condemns Arbitrary Arrest and Fabrication of Evidence Against Opposition Leader | News | Human Rights Foundation". Human Rights Foundation. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
  15. ^ "Abogado de Goicoechea solicitó un amparo constitucional". Archived from the original on 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2016-09-01.
  16. ^ "Yon Goicoechea fue presentado en tribunales - Unión Radio". 31 August 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  17. ^ "Goicoechea fue imputado y permanecerá detenido". Archived from the original on 2016-09-03. Retrieved 2016-09-03.
  18. ^ "Nizar El Fakih (@nizarUCAB) - Twitter". twitter.com. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  19. ^ Goicoechea, Yon (2017-09-04). "Opinion | I Am in Prison Because I Want Freedom for My Country". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-06-17.
[edit]
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