Adirondack (Mars): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Boulder on Mars}} |
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{{update|date=November 2010}} |
{{update|date=November 2010}} |
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{{Infobox feature on celestial object |
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{{MarsGeo |
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|name=Adirondack |
|name = Adirondack Rock |
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|image=[[File:Adirondacksquare.jpg|{{#expr: (200 * (316 / 196)) round 0}}px]][[File:Rat post grind.jpg|right|{{#expr: (200 * (505 / 494)) round 0}}px]] |
|image = [[File:Adirondacksquare.jpg|{{#expr: (200 * (316 / 196)) round 0}}px]][[File:Rat post grind.jpg|right|{{#expr: (200 * (505 / 494)) round 0}}px]] |
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|caption= |
|caption = (Above) An approximate [[24-bit color|true-color]] view of "Adirondack" [[Rock (geology)|rock]], taken by ''Spirit''{{'}}s pancam.<br />(Right) Digital camera image (from ''Spirit''{{'}}s [[Pancam]]) of "Adirondack" rock after a [[Rock Abrasion Tool|RAT]] grind (''Spirit''{{'}}s rock-grinding tool) |
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|type=Rock |
|type = [[Rock (geology)|Rock]] |
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|coordinates = {{coord|14.6|S|175.5|E|globe:mars_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} |
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|latitude=14.6 |
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|N_or_S=S |
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|longitude=175.5 |
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|E_or_W=E |
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}} |
}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Adirondack''' is the nickname for [[Mars Exploration Rover Mission|Mars Exploration Rover]] [[MER-A|''Spirit'']]'s first target [[rock (geology)|rock]].{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} Scientists chose Adirondack to be ''Spirit''{{'}}s first target rock after considering another, called Sashimi, that would have been a shorter, straight-ahead drive.{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} ''Spirit'' traversed the sandy martian terrain at [[Gusev Crater]] to arrive in front of this [[football (ball)|football]]-sized rock on January 18, 2004, just three days after it successfully rolled off the [[Lander (spacecraft)|lander]].{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Adirondack''' is the nickname for [[Mars Exploration Rover Mission|Mars Exploration Rover]] [[MER-A|Spirit]]'s first target [[rock (geology)|rock]]. Scientists chose Adirondack to be Spirit's first target rock after considering another, called |
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| ⚫ | The rock was selected as ''Spirit''{{'}}s first target because its dust-free, flat surface was ideally suited for grinding. Clean surfaces also are better for examining a rock's top coating.{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} ''Spirit'' also returned [[Microscope|microscopic]] images and Mössbauer spectrometer readings of Adirondack taken the day before the rover developed computer and communication problems on January 22, 2004. Both are unprecedented investigations of any rock on another [[planet]]. The microscopic images indicate Adirondack is a hard, [[crystalline]] rock. The peaks large and small in Adirondack's [[electromagnetic spectrum]] reveal that the [[minerals]] in the rock include [[olivine]], [[pyroxene]] and [[magnetite]] - a common composition in volcanic [[basalt]] rocks on Earth.{{citation needed|date=April 2024}} |
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| ⚫ | Adirondack turned out to be typical of the other rocks on the plains. [[Spirit Rover|''Spirit'' rover]]'s instruments determined that Adironack and other rocks of the plains contain the minerals [[pyroxene]], [[olivine]], [[plagioclase]], and [[magnetite]]. These rocks can be classified in different ways. The amounts and types of minerals make the rocks primitive basalts—also called picritic basalts. The rocks are similar to ancient terrestrial rocks called basaltic [[komatiites]]. Rocks of the plains also resemble the basaltic [[shergottite]]s, meteorites which came from Mars. One classification system compares the amount of alkali elements to the amount of silica on a graph; in this system, Gusev plains rocks lie near the junction of basalt, [[picrobasalt]], and tephrite. The Irvine-Barager classification calls them basalts.<ref>McSween, etal. 2004. Basaltic Rocks Analyzed by the Spirit Rover in Gusev Crater. Science : 305. 842-845</ref> |
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The name "Adirondacks" is an Anglicized version of the [[Mohawk nation|Mohawk]] ''ratirontaks'', meaning "they eat trees", a derogatory name which the Mohawk historically applied to the Algonquian-speaking tribes of the [[Adirondack Mountains]]; when food was scarce, the Algonquians would eat the buds and bark of trees.<ref>Donaldson, Alfred L., ''A History of the Adirondacks'', New York: Century, 1921. ISBN 0935796762 (reprint), pp. 34-35</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Adirondack has been very slightly altered, probably by thin films of water because they are softer and contain veins of light colored material that may be bromine compounds, as well as coatings or rinds. Small amounts of water may have gotten into cracks inducing mineralization processes.<ref>McSween, etal. 2004. Basaltic Rocks Analyzed by the Spirit Rover in Gusev Crater. ''Science'' : 305. 842-845</ref><ref>Arvidson, R. E., et al. (2004) ''Science'', 305, 821-824</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The rock was selected as Spirit's first target because its dust-free, flat surface |
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{{Clear}} |
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| ⚫ | Adirondack turned out to be typical of the other rocks on the plains. [[Spirit Rover]]'s instruments determined that Adironack and other rocks of the plains contain the minerals pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, and magnetite. These rocks can be classified in different ways. The amounts and types of minerals make the rocks primitive basalts—also called picritic basalts. The rocks are similar to ancient terrestrial rocks called basaltic [[komatiites]]. Rocks of the plains also resemble the basaltic [[shergottite]]s, meteorites which came from Mars. One classification system compares the amount of alkali elements to the amount of silica on a graph; in this system, Gusev plains rocks |
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| ⚫ | Adirondack has been very slightly altered, probably by thin films of water because they are softer and contain veins of light colored material that may be bromine compounds, as well as coatings or rinds. |
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<gallery> |
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</gallery> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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{{div col|colwidth=20em}} |
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* [[Aeolis quadrangle]] |
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*[[List of rocks on Mars]] |
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* [[Composition of Mars]] |
* [[Composition of Mars]] |
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* [[ |
* [[List of rocks on Mars]] |
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* [[Scientific information from the Mars Exploration Rover mission]] |
* [[Scientific information from the Mars Exploration Rover mission]] |
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{{div col end}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{Features visited by Spirit rover}} |
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{{Mars}} |
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{{Portal bar|Solar System}} |
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[[Category:Rocks on Mars]] |
[[Category:Rocks on Mars]] |
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[[no:Adirondack (Mars)]] |
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[[sco:Adirondack]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:35, 4 August 2024
 | This article needs to be updated. (November 2010) |
  (Above) An approximate true-color view of "Adirondack" rock, taken by Spirit's pancam. (Right) Digital camera image (from Spirit's Pancam) of "Adirondack" rock after a RAT grind (Spirit's rock-grinding tool) | |
| Feature type | Rock |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 14°36′S 175°30′E / 14.6°S 175.5°E |
Adirondack is the nickname for Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's first target rock.[citation needed] Scientists chose Adirondack to be Spirit's first target rock after considering another, called Sashimi, that would have been a shorter, straight-ahead drive.[citation needed] Spirit traversed the sandy martian terrain at Gusev Crater to arrive in front of this football-sized rock on January 18, 2004, just three days after it successfully rolled off the lander.[citation needed]
Scientists named the angular rock after the Adirondack mountain range in New York.
The rock was selected as Spirit's first target because its dust-free, flat surface was ideally suited for grinding. Clean surfaces also are better for examining a rock's top coating.[citation needed] Spirit also returned microscopic images and Mössbauer spectrometer readings of Adirondack taken the day before the rover developed computer and communication problems on January 22, 2004. Both are unprecedented investigations of any rock on another planet. The microscopic images indicate Adirondack is a hard, crystalline rock. The peaks large and small in Adirondack's electromagnetic spectrum reveal that the minerals in the rock include olivine, pyroxene and magnetite - a common composition in volcanic basalt rocks on Earth.[citation needed]
Adirondack turned out to be typical of the other rocks on the plains. Spirit rover's instruments determined that Adironack and other rocks of the plains contain the minerals pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, and magnetite. These rocks can be classified in different ways. The amounts and types of minerals make the rocks primitive basalts—also called picritic basalts. The rocks are similar to ancient terrestrial rocks called basaltic komatiites. Rocks of the plains also resemble the basaltic shergottites, meteorites which came from Mars. One classification system compares the amount of alkali elements to the amount of silica on a graph; in this system, Gusev plains rocks lie near the junction of basalt, picrobasalt, and tephrite. The Irvine-Barager classification calls them basalts.[1] Adirondack has been very slightly altered, probably by thin films of water because they are softer and contain veins of light colored material that may be bromine compounds, as well as coatings or rinds. Small amounts of water may have gotten into cracks inducing mineralization processes.[2][3] Coatings on the rocks in the plains may have occurred when rocks were buried and interacted with thin films of water and dust.[citation needed] One sign that they were altered was that it was easier to grind these rocks compared to the same types of rocks found on Earth.[citation needed]
