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| name = Rockstar Dundee Limited
| name = Rockstar Dundee Limited
| logo = Rockstar Dundee Logo.svg
| logo = Rockstar Dundee Logo.svg
| logo_alt = A capital "R" in white has a five-pointed, black star with a white outline appended to its lower-right end. They lay on a black square with a think white border, thin black outline, and rounded corners.
| logo_alt = A capital "R" in white with a five-pointed, black star with a white outline appended to its lower-right end. They lay on a black square with a thick white border, a thin black outline, and rounded corners.
| image = Rockstar Dundee (52816004257).png
| logo_caption = All Rockstar Games studios use the same logo in different colours.<ref name="GamesRadar+: logos" />
| image_caption = Headquarters at The Vision Building
| former_name = Ruffian Games Limited {{nowrap|(2008–2020)}}
| former_name = Ruffian Games Limited {{nowrap|(2008–2020)}}
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
| type = [[Subsidiary]]
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| hq_location_city = [[Dundee]]
| hq_location_city = [[Dundee]]
| hq_location_country = Scotland
| hq_location_country = Scotland
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|class=nowrap|Gary Liddon ([[studio director]])|Billy Thomson (studio director)}}
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|Gary Liddon {{nowrap|([[studio director]])}}|Billy Thomson {{nowrap|(studio director)}}}}
| products = ''[[Crackdown 2]]'' (2010)
| products = ''[[Crackdown 2]]'' (2010)
| num_employees = ≈40
| num_employees = ≈40
| num_employees_year = 2020
| num_employees_year = 2020
| parent = [[Rockstar Games]] {{nowrap|(2020–present)}}
| parent = [[Rockstar Games]] {{nowrap|(2020–present)}}
| website =
}}
}}


'''Rockstar Dundee Limited''' (formerly '''Ruffian Games Limited''') is a British [[video game developer]] and a studio of [[Rockstar Games]] based in [[Dundee]]. Founded in April 2008 by Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce, the studio is best known for developing ''[[Crackdown 2]]''.
'''Rockstar Dundee Limited''' (formerly '''Ruffian Games Limited''') is a British [[video game developer]] and a studio of [[Rockstar Games]] based in [[Dundee]]. The studio is best known for developing ''[[Crackdown 2]]''.


The founders had previously worked on ''[[Crackdown (video game)|Crackdown]]'', with Thompson as its lead [[Video game designer|designer]] while at [[Realtime Worlds]]. Ruffian Games immediately began work on ''Crackdown 2'', being chosen over Realtime Worlds. Released in 2010, the game did not sell well enough to allow for a third ''Crackdown'' game and the studio joined co-development projects, including several [[Kinect]] games, to stay afloat. ''Game of Glens'' and ''Hollowpoint'' were cancelled, while a ''[[Streets of Rage (video game)|Streets of Rage]]'' remake was unsuccessfully pitched. After independently releasing ''Fragmental'' and ''RADtv'', the studio was working with Rockstar Games by October 2019. Ruffian Games was acquired by the publisher's [[parent company]], [[Take-Two Interactive]], in October 2020 and became part of Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.
Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce founded the company as Ruffian Games in April 2008. They had previously worked on ''[[Crackdown (video game)|Crackdown]]'', with Thompson as its lead [[Video game designer|designer]] while at [[Realtime Worlds]]. Ruffian Games immediately partnered with [[Microsoft]] for ''Crackdown 2'', being chosen over Realtime Worlds. Released in 2010, the game did not sell well enough to allow for a third ''Crackdown'' game and Ruffian Games joined co-development projects, including several [[Kinect]] games, to stay afloat. ''Game of Glens'' and ''Hollowpoint'' were cancelled, while a ''[[Streets of Rage (video game)|Streets of Rage]]'' remake was unsuccessfully pitched. After independently releasing ''Fragmental'' and ''RADtv'', the studio was working with Rockstar Games by October 2019. The publisher's [[parent company]], [[Take-Two Interactive]], acquired Ruffian Games in October 2020 and integrated it with Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.


== History ==
== History ==


=== Early years and ''Crackdown 2'' (2008–2013) ===
=== Early years and ''Crackdown 2'' (2008–2013) ===
[[File:Ruffian Games.png|thumb|left|Ruffian Games' logo until October 2020]]
[[File:Ruffian Games.png|thumb|left|Ruffian Games's logo until October 2020]]
Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce founded Rockstar Dundee as Ruffian Games in April 2008.<ref name="Ruffian Games: About" /> Thomson had led the [[Video game design|design]] for ''[[Crackdown (video game)|Crackdown]]'' at [[Realtime Worlds]], while Liddon and Noyce had worked at Xen Group, a technology provider for the game.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /> Thomson associated with Xen Group following ''Crackdown''{{'}}s 2007 release.<ref name="Gamasutra: Formed" /> Ruffian Games' name was derived from an event in Thomson's childhood where he was referred to as "a ruffian" by a school classmate's father, who believed that Thomson had a bad influence on his son. Thomson had relayed the story to Liddon, who suggested that they use the name "Ruffian Games" for their venture.<ref name="Engadget: Name" /> Liddon, Thomson, and Noyce assumed the roles of [[studio head]], [[creative director]], and [[development director]], respectively.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="IGN: Flying High" /> The company moved into [[Dundee]]-based offices in October 2008 and its formation was announced in January 2009.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="Gamasutra: Formed" /> By this time, the fifteen-person team comprised former developers of ''Crackdown'', ''[[Fable II]]'', ''[[MotoGP '07|MotoGP]]'', and the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series, among them "five or six" who joined from Realtime Worlds.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /><ref name="Engadget: GTA" /> In February, the company hired Steve Iannetta and Ed Campbell, designers for ''Crackdown'', as lead designer and senior designer, respectively.<ref name="Engadget: designers" /><ref name="Gamasutra: veterans" /> It recruited fifteen further people in May.<ref name="Engadget: 15" /> The headcount grew to 49 by November 2009, partially helped by closures and layoffs affecting other local studios, such as [[Midway Studios – Newcastle]].<ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /><ref name="MCV: layoffs" />
Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce founded Rockstar Dundee as Ruffian Games in April 2008.<ref name="Ruffian Games: About" /> Thomson had led the [[Video game design|design]] for ''[[Crackdown (video game)|Crackdown]]'' at [[Realtime Worlds]], while Liddon and Noyce had worked at Xen Group, a technology provider for the game.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /> Thomson associated with Xen Group following ''Crackdown''{{'}}s 2007 release.<ref name="Gamasutra: Formed" /> Ruffian Games's name was derived from an event in Thomson's childhood where he was referred to as "a ruffian" by a school classmate's father, who believed that Thomson had a bad influence on his son. Thomson had relayed the story to Liddon, who suggested that they use the name "Ruffian Games" for their venture.<ref name="Engadget: Name" /> Liddon, Thomson, and Noyce assumed the roles of [[studio head]], [[creative director]], and [[development director]], respectively.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="IGN: Flying High" /> The company moved into [[Dundee]]-based offices in October 2008 and its formation was announced in January 2009.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="Gamasutra: Formed" /> By this time, the 15-person team comprised former developers of ''Crackdown'', ''[[Fable II]]'', ''[[MotoGP '07|MotoGP]]'', and the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series, among them "five or six" who joined from Realtime Worlds.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /><ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /><ref name="Engadget: GTA" /> In February, the company hired Steve Iannetta and Ed Campbell, designers for ''Crackdown'', as lead designer and senior designer, respectively.<ref name="Engadget: designers" /><ref name="Gamasutra: veterans" /> It recruited 15 further people in May.<ref name="Engadget: 15" /> The headcount grew to 49 by November 2009, partially helped by closures and layoffs affecting other local studios, such as [[Midway Studios – Newcastle]].<ref name="GIbiz: persistence of life" /><ref name="MCV: layoffs" />


By the time of its formation announcement, Ruffian Games had entered into a contract with a "major publisher".<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /> [[Microsoft]] partnered with the studio for ''[[Crackdown 2]]'', forgoing Realtime Worlds as it was preoccupied with ''[[APB: All Points Bulletin]]''.<ref name="IGN: Defends" /> When this deal was rumoured, Realtime Worlds' studio head, Colin MacDonald, stated that his studio was still in talks with Microsoft to develop another ''Crackdown'' game. He doubted that the publisher "would harm an otherwise fruitful existing development relationship" by partnering with a different developer also based in Dundee.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /> After Ruffian Games was announced as developing ''Crackdown 2'' in June 2009, [[David Jones (video game developer)|David Jones]], the [[chief executive officer]] for Realtime Worlds, stated that he was "a bit miffed" at Microsoft for handing Ruffian Games the development of the game, as he considered the studio's proximity to Realtime Worlds a threat.<ref name="GIbiz: miffed" /> In response, Thomson opined that Ruffian Games was capable of creating a proper sequel to ''Crackdown'' because it had hired talent from every department that worked on the original game.<ref name="IGN: Defends" />
By the time of its formation announcement, Ruffian Games had entered into a contract with a "major publisher".<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /> [[Microsoft]] partnered with the studio for ''[[Crackdown 2]]'', forgoing Realtime Worlds as it was preoccupied with ''[[APB: All Points Bulletin]]''.<ref name="IGN: Defends" /> When this deal was rumoured, Realtime Worlds's studio head, Colin MacDonald, stated that his studio was still in talks with Microsoft to develop another ''Crackdown'' game. He doubted that the publisher "would harm an otherwise fruitful existing development relationship" by partnering with a different developer also based in Dundee.<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch" /> After Ruffian Games was announced as developing ''Crackdown 2'' in June 2009, [[David Jones (video game developer)|David Jones]], the [[chief executive officer]] of Realtime Worlds, stated that he was "a bit miffed" at Microsoft for handing Ruffian Games the development of the game, as he considered the studio's proximity to Realtime Worlds a threat.<ref name="GIbiz: miffed" /> In response, Thomson opined that Ruffian Games was capable of creating a proper sequel to ''Crackdown'' because it had hired talent from every department that worked on the original game.<ref name="IGN: Defends" />


''Crackdown 2''{{'}}s development was quick but difficult: The studio was beset by deadlines it deemed unmanageable and the expectations of fans of the original ''Crackdown''. The production lasted just over one year and was described as "intense, exhausting". The resulting game, released in mid-2010, was met by a mixed reception and did not sell well enough that the studio could immediately start working on a third ''Crackdown'' game.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> To remain in business, Ruffian Games worked with Microsoft on several games for the [[Kinect]] peripheral, including ''[[Kinect Star Wars]]'' and ''[[Nike+ Kinect Training]]''.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> Around 2012, the studio created an experimental multiplayer mode for [[Crytek]]'s ''[[Ryse: Son of Rome]]'', although this work was not released with the final game.<ref name="Polygon: Ryse" /><ref name="Eurogamer: Ryse" /> Of several cancelled projects, ''Streets of Rage'' was a pitch to [[Sega]] for a remake of [[Streets of Rage (video game)|the 1991 game of the same name]]. The prototype was created by a small team within six to eight weeks but the project went unsigned.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /><ref name="Polygon: Streets of Rage" /> A third ''Crackdown'' game remained implausible as of 2013.<ref name="VG247: Tribal Towers" />
''Crackdown 2''{{'}}s development was quick but difficult: The studio was beset by deadlines it deemed unmanageable and the expectations of fans of the original ''Crackdown''. The production lasted just over one year and was described as "intense, exhausting". The resulting game, released in mid-2010, received mixed reviews and did not sell well enough for the studio to immediately start working on a third ''Crackdown'' game.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> To remain in business, Ruffian Games worked with Microsoft on several games for the [[Kinect]] peripheral, including ''[[Kinect Star Wars]]'' and ''[[Nike+ Kinect Training]]''.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> Around 2012, the studio created an experimental multiplayer mode for [[Crytek]]'s ''[[Ryse: Son of Rome]]'', although this work was not released with the final game.<ref name="Polygon: Ryse" /><ref name="Eurogamer: Ryse" /> Of several cancelled projects, ''Streets of Rage'' was a pitch to [[Sega]] for a remake of [[Streets of Rage (video game)|the 1991 game of the same name]]. The prototype was created by a small team within six to eight weeks but the project went unsigned.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /><ref name="Polygon: Streets of Rage" /> A third ''Crackdown'' game remained implausible as of 2013.<ref name="VG247: Tribal Towers" />


=== Independent and cancelled projects (2013–2019) ===
=== Independent and cancelled projects (2013–2019) ===
In February 2013, Ruffian Games announced ''Tribal Towers''.<ref name="VG247: Tribal Towers" /> The game was conceptualised as "a quirky, side-on, real-time projectile combat game" but an [[alpha test]] phase showed that the game and its controls were too complicated. After temporarily putting the game on hold, the studio reworked it as ''Game of Glens'', a game inspired by competitive [[Highland games]] that combined elements of ''[[Angry Birds]]'', ''[[Minecraft]]'', and ''[[World of Goo]]''.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> When [[Square Enix]] launched the pilot phase of its [[crowdfunding]] initiative [[Square Enix Collective|Collective]] in January 2014, ''Game of Glens'' was among the three games seeking funding.<ref name="Eurogamer: Collective" /> User polls conducted for the three projects showed that only 39% of respondents were ready to fund ''Game of Glens'', compared to the 90% for ''World War Machine'' and 83% for ''[[Moon Hunters]]''. Much of the backlash stemmed from users expecting another ''Crackdown'' game from Ruffian Games rather than a [[casual game]].<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> As a result, the development for ''Game of Glens'' was halted in April 2014.<ref name="Eurogamer: rest" />
In February 2013, Ruffian Games announced ''Tribal Towers''.<ref name="VG247: Tribal Towers" /> The game was conceptualised as "a quirky, side-on, real-time projectile combat game" but an [[alpha test]] phase showed that the game and its controls were too complicated. After temporarily putting the game on hold, the studio reworked it as ''Game of Glens'', a game inspired by competitive [[Highland games]] that combined elements of ''[[Angry Birds]]'', ''[[Minecraft]]'', and ''[[World of Goo]]''.<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> When [[Square Enix]] launched the pilot phase of its [[crowdfunding]] initiative, [[Square Enix Collective]], in January 2014, ''Game of Glens'' was among the three games seeking funding.<ref name="Eurogamer: Collective" /> User polls conducted for the three projects showed that only 39% of respondents were ready to fund ''Game of Glens'', compared to the 90% for ''World War Machine'' and 83% for ''[[Moon Hunters]]''. Much of the backlash stemmed from users expecting another ''Crackdown'' game from Ruffian Games rather than a [[casual game]].<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" /> As a result, the development for ''Game of Glens'' was halted in April 2014.<ref name="Eurogamer: rest" />


Noyce left Ruffian Games in late 2013, moved to Finland with his girlfriend, and became an [[indie game]] developer. He had attempted to create a Finnish satellite studio for the company to take advantage of investment opportunities in the country but "it was probably the wrong time to make the move and it didn't quite work out".<ref name="Eurogamer: Lumo" /><ref name="MCV: Lumo" /> In August 2014, Ruffian Games announced the cooperative [[action game]] ''Hollowpoint'' with [[Paradox Interactive]] as its publisher.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint" /> Paradox Interactive had penned a deal with [[Sony]] that would have made the game on console temporarily exclusive to the [[PlayStation 4]]. However, shortly after releasing a second trailer in mid-2015, Ruffian Games and Paradox Interactive ended their partnership due to creative differences. The game's development was put on hold and the publisher intended to re-evaluate the game's creative direction.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint on hold" /> The studio then worked on ''Fragmental'', a [[twin-stick shooter]] with [[local multiplayer]] inspired by ''[[Hotline Miami]]'' that the studio self-published in [[Steam Early Access]] in February 2016.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint on hold" /><ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental" /> The studio's ''RADtv'', a [[virtual reality game]] involving [[Hotseat (multiplayer mode)|hotseat multiplayer]], was released in August 2019.<ref name="PCGamesN: RADtv" /><ref name="Road to VR: RADtv" />
Noyce left Ruffian Games in late 2013, moved to Finland with his girlfriend, and became an [[indie game]] developer. He had attempted to create a Finnish satellite studio for the company to take advantage of investment opportunities in the country but "it was probably the wrong time to make the move and it didn't quite work out".<ref name="Eurogamer: Lumo" /><ref name="MCV: Lumo" /> In August 2014, Ruffian Games announced the cooperative [[action game]] ''Hollowpoint'' with [[Paradox Interactive]] as its publisher.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint" /> Paradox Interactive had penned a deal with [[Sony]] that would have made the game on console temporarily exclusive to the [[PlayStation 4]]. However, shortly after releasing a second trailer in mid-2015, Ruffian Games and Paradox Interactive ended their partnership due to creative differences. The game's development was put on hold and the publisher intended to re-evaluate the game's creative direction.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint on hold" /> The studio then worked on ''Fragmental'', a [[twin-stick shooter]] with [[local multiplayer]] inspired by ''[[Hotline Miami]]'' that the studio self-published in [[Steam Early Access]] in February 2016.<ref name="Eurogamer: Hollowpoint on hold" /><ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental" /> The studio's ''RADtv'', a [[virtual reality game]] involving [[hotseat multiplayer]], was released in August 2019.<ref name="PCGamesN: RADtv" /><ref name="Road to VR: RADtv" />


=== Acquisition by Rockstar Games (2019–present) ===
=== Acquisition by Rockstar Games (2019–present) ===
In October 2019, Ruffian Games was announced as working with [[Rockstar Games]] on games that were not further specified.<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" /> [[Take-Two Interactive]], Rockstar Games' [[parent company]], acquired Ruffian Games in October 2020, which became part of Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.<ref name="VGC: Rockstar acquisition" /><ref name="GIbiz: Rockstar acquisition" /><ref name="GamesRadar+: Rockstar acquisition" /> At the time, the studio had approximately 40 employees.<ref name="VGC: excited" /> Liddon and Thomson remained with Rockstar Dundee as co-[[studio director]]s.<ref name="The Courier: Dundee" />
In October 2019, Ruffian Games was announced as working with [[Rockstar Games]] on games that were not further specified.<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" /> [[Take-Two Interactive]], Rockstar Games's [[parent company]], acquired Ruffian Games in October 2020 and integrated it with Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.<ref name="VGC: Rockstar acquisition" /><ref name="GIbiz: Rockstar acquisition" /><ref name="GamesRadar+: Rockstar acquisition" /> At the time, the studio had approximately 40 employees.<ref name="VGC: excited" /> Liddon and Thomson remained with Rockstar Dundee as the co-[[studio director]]s.<ref name="The Courier: Dundee" />


== Games developed ==
== Games developed ==
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! scope="col" | Platform(s)
! scope="col" | Platform(s)
! scope="col" | Publisher(s)
! scope="col" | Publisher(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref(s).|Reference(s)}}
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Refh}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2010
! scope="row" | 2010
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| rowspan="2" | [[Xbox 360]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Xbox 360]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Microsoft Studios]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Microsoft Studios]]
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />
| {{centered|<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2012
! scope="row" | 2012
| ''Kinect PlayFit''
| ''Kinect PlayFit''
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles" />
| {{centered|<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2017
! scope="row" | 2017
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| rowspan="2" | [[Windows]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Windows]]
| rowspan="2" | Ruffian Games
| rowspan="2" | Ruffian Games
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental" />
| {{centered|<ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2019
! scope="row" | 2019
| ''RADtv''
| ''RADtv''
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="PCGamesN: RADtv" />
| {{centered|<ref name="PCGamesN: RADtv" />}}
|}
|}


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! scope="col" | Publisher(s)
! scope="col" | Publisher(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Abbr|Ref(s).|Reference(s)}}
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Refh}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | 2012
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | 2012
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| rowspan="6" | [[Microsoft Studios]]
| rowspan="6" | [[Microsoft Studios]]
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />
| {{centered|<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />}}
|-
|-
| ''[[Nike+ Kinect Training]]''
| ''[[Nike+ Kinect Training]]''
| [[Sumo Digital]]
| [[Sumo Digital]]
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />
| {{centered|<ref name="Eurogamer: I really do" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2013
! scope="row" | 2013
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| Soho Productions
| Soho Productions
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles" />
| {{centered|<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | 2014
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | 2014
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| [[Xbox One]]
| [[Xbox One]]
|
|
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="MCV: 30 under 30" />
| {{centered|<ref name="MCV: 30 under 30" />}}
|-
|-
| ''[[Halo: The Master Chief Collection]]''
| ''[[Halo: The Master Chief Collection]]''
Line 118: Line 118:
| [[Windows]], Xbox One, [[Xbox Series X/S]]
| [[Windows]], Xbox One, [[Xbox Series X/S]]
| Ported ''[[Halo 3]]'', ''[[Halo 3: ODST]]'', ''[[Halo 4]]'', and ''[[Halo: Reach]]''
| Ported ''[[Halo 3]]'', ''[[Halo 3: ODST]]'', ''[[Halo 4]]'', and ''[[Halo: Reach]]''
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" /><ref name="Eurogamer: ODST" /><ref name="GameSpot: Monumental Undertaking" />
| {{centered|<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" /><ref name="Eurogamer: ODST" /><ref name="GameSpot: Monumental Undertaking" />}}
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2019
! scope="row" | 2019
Line 124: Line 124:
| Sumo Digital
| Sumo Digital
| Windows, Xbox One
| Windows, Xbox One
| Developed the ''Wrecking Zone'' multiplayer mode
| Developed the ''Wrecking Zone'' multiplayer mode; credited as Elbow Rocket
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" />
| {{centered|<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership" /><ref name="Variety: Elbow Rocket" />}}
|}
|}


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<ref name="Eurogamer: Ryse">{{cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-06-27-crackdown-2-studio-working-on-ryse-with-crytek-report |title=Crackdown 2 studio working on Ryse with Crytek – report |first=Fred |last=Dutton |date=27 June 2012 |website=[[Eurogamer]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=16 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016032943/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-06-27-crackdown-2-studio-working-on-ryse-with-crytek-report |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Eurogamer: Ryse">{{cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-06-27-crackdown-2-studio-working-on-ryse-with-crytek-report |title=Crackdown 2 studio working on Ryse with Crytek – report |first=Fred |last=Dutton |date=27 June 2012 |website=[[Eurogamer]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=16 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016032943/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-06-27-crackdown-2-studio-working-on-ryse-with-crytek-report |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="Gamasutra: Formed">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112544/Report_Scottish_Developer_Ruffian_Formed__Crackdown_2_A_Possibility.php |title=Report: Scottish Developer Ruffian Formed – ''Crackdown 2'' A Possibility? |first=Alex |last=Litel |date=19 December 2008 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=12 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012230603/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112544/Report_Scottish_Developer_Ruffian_Formed__Crackdown_2_A_Possibility.php |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gamasutra: Formed">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112544/Report_Scottish_Developer_Ruffian_Formed__Crackdown_2_A_Possibility.php |title=Report: Scottish Developer Ruffian Formed – ''Crackdown 2'' A Possibility? |first=Alex |last=Litel |date=19 December 2008 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=12 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012230603/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112544/Report_Scottish_Developer_Ruffian_Formed__Crackdown_2_A_Possibility.php |url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112882/Ruffian_Formally_Announces_Launch_Publisher_Contract.php |title=Ruffian Formally Announces Launch, Publisher Contract |first=Eric |last=Caoili |date=20 January 2009 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=7 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107024952/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112882/Ruffian_Formally_Announces_Launch_Publisher_Contract.php |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gamasutra: Launch">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112882/Ruffian_Formally_Announces_Launch_Publisher_Contract.php |title=Ruffian Formally Announces Launch, Publisher Contract |first=Eric |last=Caoili |date=20 January 2009 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=7 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107024952/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/112882/Ruffian_Formally_Announces_Launch_Publisher_Contract.php |url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="Gamasutra: veterans">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113388/Ruffian_Games_Hires_More_Crackdown_Veterans.php |title=Ruffian Games Hires More ''Crackdown'' Veterans |first=David |last=Jenkins |date=24 February 2009 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=11 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511202722/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113388/Ruffian_Games_Hires_More_Crackdown_Veterans.php |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Gamasutra: veterans">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113388/Ruffian_Games_Hires_More_Crackdown_Veterans.php |title=Ruffian Games Hires More ''Crackdown'' Veterans |first=David |last=Jenkins |date=24 February 2009 |website=[[Gamasutra]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=11 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511202722/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113388/Ruffian_Games_Hires_More_Crackdown_Veterans.php |url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="GameSpot: Monumental Undertaking">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/bringing-halo-mcc-to-pc-is-a-monumental-undertakin/1100-6465542/ |title=Bringing Halo: MCC To PC Is A "Monumental Undertaking," So Microsoft Is Getting Help |first=Eddie |last=Makuch |date=13 March 2019 |website=[[GameSpot]] |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021102713/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/bringing-halo-mcc-to-pc-is-a-monumental-undertakin/1100-6465542/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GameSpot: Monumental Undertaking">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/bringing-halo-mcc-to-pc-is-a-monumental-undertakin/1100-6465542/ |title=Bringing Halo: MCC To PC Is A "Monumental Undertaking," So Microsoft Is Getting Help |first=Eddie |last=Makuch |date=13 March 2019 |website=[[GameSpot]] |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021102713/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/bringing-halo-mcc-to-pc-is-a-monumental-undertakin/1100-6465542/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="GamesRadar+: logos">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/5-iconic-game-company-logos-that-must-not-be-messed-with/ |title=5 iconic game company logos that must not be messed with |first=Matt |last=Cundy |date=3 June 2010 |website=[[GamesRadar+]] |access-date=15 February 2019 |archive-date=24 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124141548/http://www.gamesradar.com/5-iconic-game-company-logos-that-must-not-be-messed-with/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="GamesRadar+: Rockstar acquisition">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/rockstar-has-officially-bought-crackdown-2-developer-ruffian-games/ |title=Rockstar has officially bought Crackdown 2 developer Ruffian Games |first=Alex |last=Avard |date=14 October 2020 |website=[[GamesRadar+]] |access-date=14 October 2020 |archive-date=21 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121045106/https://www.gamesradar.com/rockstar-has-officially-bought-crackdown-2-developer-ruffian-games/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamesRadar+: Rockstar acquisition">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/rockstar-has-officially-bought-crackdown-2-developer-ruffian-games/ |title=Rockstar has officially bought Crackdown 2 developer Ruffian Games |first=Alex |last=Avard |date=14 October 2020 |website=[[GamesRadar+]] |access-date=14 October 2020 |archive-date=21 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121045106/https://www.gamesradar.com/rockstar-has-officially-bought-crackdown-2-developer-ruffian-games/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
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<ref name="IGN: Flying High">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/12/15/crackdown-2-flying-high |title=Crackdown 2: Flying High |first=Erik |last=Brudvig |date=15 December 2009 |website=[[IGN]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194327/https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/12/15/crackdown-2-flying-high |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="IGN: Flying High">{{cite web |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/12/15/crackdown-2-flying-high |title=Crackdown 2: Flying High |first=Erik |last=Brudvig |date=15 December 2009 |website=[[IGN]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194327/https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/12/15/crackdown-2-flying-high |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="MCV: 30 under 30">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/the-sixth-annual-30-under-30/ |title=The sixth annual 30 Under 30 |date=5 December 2013 |website=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194947/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/the-sixth-annual-30-under-30/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCV: 30 under 30">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/the-sixth-annual-30-under-30/ |title=The sixth annual 30 Under 30 |date=5 December 2013 |magazine=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194947/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/the-sixth-annual-30-under-30/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="MCV: layoffs">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/uk-industry-layoffs-bittersweet-for-ruffian/ |title=UK industry layoffs bittersweet for Ruffian |date=16 November 2009 |website=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194310/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/uk-industry-layoffs-bittersweet-for-ruffian/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCV: layoffs">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/uk-industry-layoffs-bittersweet-for-ruffian/ |title=UK industry layoffs bittersweet for Ruffian |date=16 November 2009 |magazine=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194310/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/uk-industry-layoffs-bittersweet-for-ruffian/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="MCV: Lumo">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/gareth-noyce-on-making-lumo-triple-a-isnt-my-calling/ |title=Gareth Noyce on making Lumo: 'Triple-A isn't my calling' |date=9 May 2016 |website=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194330/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/gareth-noyce-on-making-lumo-triple-a-isnt-my-calling/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCV: Lumo">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/gareth-noyce-on-making-lumo-triple-a-isnt-my-calling/ |title=Gareth Noyce on making Lumo: 'Triple-A isn't my calling' |first=James |last=Batchelor |date=9 May 2016 |magazine=[[MCV/Develop]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=13 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813194330/https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/gareth-noyce-on-making-lumo-triple-a-isnt-my-calling/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental">{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/fragmental/making-it-in-unreal-fragmental-the-arena-battler-crackdown-2s-devs-have-fought-to-make |title=Making it in Unreal: Fragmental, the arena battler Crackdown 2's devs have fought to make |first=Jeremy |last=Peel |date=16 December 2015 |website=[[PCGamesN]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012182944/https://www.pcgamesn.com/fragmental/making-it-in-unreal-fragmental-the-arena-battler-crackdown-2s-devs-have-fought-to-make |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="PCGamesN: Fragmental">{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/fragmental/making-it-in-unreal-fragmental-the-arena-battler-crackdown-2s-devs-have-fought-to-make |title=Making it in Unreal: Fragmental, the arena battler Crackdown 2's devs have fought to make |first=Jeremy |last=Peel |date=16 December 2015 |website=[[PCGamesN]] |access-date=13 August 2021 |archive-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012182944/https://www.pcgamesn.com/fragmental/making-it-in-unreal-fragmental-the-arena-battler-crackdown-2s-devs-have-fought-to-make |url-status=live}}</ref>
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<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles">{{cite web |url=http://www.ruffiangames.com/games/ |title=Past Titles |year=2019 |publisher=Ruffian Games |archive-date=16 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116085219/http://www.ruffiangames.com/games/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="Ruffian Games: Past Titles">{{cite web |url=http://www.ruffiangames.com/games/ |title=Past Titles |year=2019 |publisher=Ruffian Games |archive-date=16 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116085219/http://www.ruffiangames.com/games/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="The Courier: Dundee">{{cite web |url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/dundee/2541074/rockstar-thrilled-to-be-returning-to-dundee/ |title=Grand Theft Auto creators Rockstar Games ‘thrilled’ to be returning to Dundee |first=Rachel |last=Amery |date=17 October 2020 |website=[[The Courier (Dundee)|The Courier]] |access-date=28 August 2022 |archive-date=28 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828110929/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/dundee/2541074/rockstar-thrilled-to-be-returning-to-dundee/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="The Courier: Dundee">{{cite web |url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/dundee/2541074/rockstar-thrilled-to-be-returning-to-dundee/ |title=Grand Theft Auto creators Rockstar Games 'thrilled' to be returning to Dundee |first=Rachel |last=Amery |date=17 October 2020 |website=[[The Courier (Dundee)|The Courier]] |access-date=28 August 2022 |archive-date=28 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828110929/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/dundee/2541074/rockstar-thrilled-to-be-returning-to-dundee/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="Variety: Elbow Rocket">{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2019/gaming/features/crackdown-3-less-than-it-was-meant-to-be-but-still-stupid-fun-1203125536/ |title='Crackdown 3': Less Than It Was Meant to Be, but Still Stupid Fun |first=Michael |last=Futter |date=1 February 2019 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=4 November 2023 |archive-date=4 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104120942/https://variety.com/2019/gaming/features/crackdown-3-less-than-it-was-meant-to-be-but-still-stupid-fun-1203125536/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership">{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2019/10/12/ruffian-games-working-with-rockstar-games/ |title=Ruffian Games working with Rockstar Games on "upcoming titles" |first=Stephany |last=Nunneley |date=12 October 2019 |website=[[VG247]] |access-date=13 October 2020 |archive-date=18 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018102334/https://www.vg247.com/2019/10/12/ruffian-games-working-with-rockstar-games/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="VG247: Rockstar partnership">{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2019/10/12/ruffian-games-working-with-rockstar-games/ |title=Ruffian Games working with Rockstar Games on "upcoming titles" |first=Stephany |last=Nunneley |date=12 October 2019 |website=[[VG247]] |access-date=13 October 2020 |archive-date=18 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018102334/https://www.vg247.com/2019/10/12/ruffian-games-working-with-rockstar-games/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
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[[Category:Companies based in Dundee]]
[[Category:Companies based in Dundee]]
[[Category:Rockstar Games subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Rockstar Games subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Software companies of Scotland]]
[[Category:Take-Two Interactive divisions and subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Take-Two Interactive divisions and subsidiaries]]
[[Category:Video game companies established in 2008]]
[[Category:Video game companies established in 2008]]

Latest revision as of 20:08, 4 August 2024

Rockstar Dundee Limited
FormerlyRuffian Games Limited (2008–2020)
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryVideo games
FoundedApril 2008; 16 years ago (2008-04)
Founders
  • Gary Liddon
  • Billy Thomson
  • Gareth Noyce
Headquarters
Dundee
,
Scotland
Key people
ProductsCrackdown 2 (2010)
Number of employees
≈40 (2020)
ParentRockstar Games (2020–present)

Rockstar Dundee Limited (formerly Ruffian Games Limited) is a British video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Dundee. The studio is best known for developing Crackdown 2.

Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce founded the company as Ruffian Games in April 2008. They had previously worked on Crackdown, with Thompson as its lead designer while at Realtime Worlds. Ruffian Games immediately partnered with Microsoft for Crackdown 2, being chosen over Realtime Worlds. Released in 2010, the game did not sell well enough to allow for a third Crackdown game and Ruffian Games joined co-development projects, including several Kinect games, to stay afloat. Game of Glens and Hollowpoint were cancelled, while a Streets of Rage remake was unsuccessfully pitched. After independently releasing Fragmental and RADtv, the studio was working with Rockstar Games by October 2019. The publisher's parent company, Take-Two Interactive, acquired Ruffian Games in October 2020 and integrated it with Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.

History

[edit]

Early years and Crackdown 2 (2008–2013)

[edit]
Ruffian Games's logo until October 2020

Gary Liddon, Billy Thomson, and Gareth Noyce founded Rockstar Dundee as Ruffian Games in April 2008.[1] Thomson had led the design for Crackdown at Realtime Worlds, while Liddon and Noyce had worked at Xen Group, a technology provider for the game.[2][3] Thomson associated with Xen Group following Crackdown's 2007 release.[4] Ruffian Games's name was derived from an event in Thomson's childhood where he was referred to as "a ruffian" by a school classmate's father, who believed that Thomson had a bad influence on his son. Thomson had relayed the story to Liddon, who suggested that they use the name "Ruffian Games" for their venture.[5] Liddon, Thomson, and Noyce assumed the roles of studio head, creative director, and development director, respectively.[2][6] The company moved into Dundee-based offices in October 2008 and its formation was announced in January 2009.[2][4] By this time, the 15-person team comprised former developers of Crackdown, Fable II, MotoGP, and the Grand Theft Auto series, among them "five or six" who joined from Realtime Worlds.[2][3][7] In February, the company hired Steve Iannetta and Ed Campbell, designers for Crackdown, as lead designer and senior designer, respectively.[8][9] It recruited 15 further people in May.[10] The headcount grew to 49 by November 2009, partially helped by closures and layoffs affecting other local studios, such as Midway Studios – Newcastle.[3][11]

By the time of its formation announcement, Ruffian Games had entered into a contract with a "major publisher".[2] Microsoft partnered with the studio for Crackdown 2, forgoing Realtime Worlds as it was preoccupied with APB: All Points Bulletin.[12] When this deal was rumoured, Realtime Worlds's studio head, Colin MacDonald, stated that his studio was still in talks with Microsoft to develop another Crackdown game. He doubted that the publisher "would harm an otherwise fruitful existing development relationship" by partnering with a different developer also based in Dundee.[2] After Ruffian Games was announced as developing Crackdown 2 in June 2009, David Jones, the chief executive officer of Realtime Worlds, stated that he was "a bit miffed" at Microsoft for handing Ruffian Games the development of the game, as he considered the studio's proximity to Realtime Worlds a threat.[13] In response, Thomson opined that Ruffian Games was capable of creating a proper sequel to Crackdown because it had hired talent from every department that worked on the original game.[12]

Crackdown 2's development was quick but difficult: The studio was beset by deadlines it deemed unmanageable and the expectations of fans of the original Crackdown. The production lasted just over one year and was described as "intense, exhausting". The resulting game, released in mid-2010, received mixed reviews and did not sell well enough for the studio to immediately start working on a third Crackdown game.[14] To remain in business, Ruffian Games worked with Microsoft on several games for the Kinect peripheral, including Kinect Star Wars and Nike+ Kinect Training.[14] Around 2012, the studio created an experimental multiplayer mode for Crytek's Ryse: Son of Rome, although this work was not released with the final game.[15][16] Of several cancelled projects, Streets of Rage was a pitch to Sega for a remake of the 1991 game of the same name. The prototype was created by a small team within six to eight weeks but the project went unsigned.[14][17] A third Crackdown game remained implausible as of 2013.[18]

Independent and cancelled projects (2013–2019)

[edit]

In February 2013, Ruffian Games announced Tribal Towers.[18] The game was conceptualised as "a quirky, side-on, real-time projectile combat game" but an alpha test phase showed that the game and its controls were too complicated. After temporarily putting the game on hold, the studio reworked it as Game of Glens, a game inspired by competitive Highland games that combined elements of Angry Birds, Minecraft, and World of Goo.[14] When Square Enix launched the pilot phase of its crowdfunding initiative, Square Enix Collective, in January 2014, Game of Glens was among the three games seeking funding.[19] User polls conducted for the three projects showed that only 39% of respondents were ready to fund Game of Glens, compared to the 90% for World War Machine and 83% for Moon Hunters. Much of the backlash stemmed from users expecting another Crackdown game from Ruffian Games rather than a casual game.[14] As a result, the development for Game of Glens was halted in April 2014.[20]

Noyce left Ruffian Games in late 2013, moved to Finland with his girlfriend, and became an indie game developer. He had attempted to create a Finnish satellite studio for the company to take advantage of investment opportunities in the country but "it was probably the wrong time to make the move and it didn't quite work out".[21][22] In August 2014, Ruffian Games announced the cooperative action game Hollowpoint with Paradox Interactive as its publisher.[23] Paradox Interactive had penned a deal with Sony that would have made the game on console temporarily exclusive to the PlayStation 4. However, shortly after releasing a second trailer in mid-2015, Ruffian Games and Paradox Interactive ended their partnership due to creative differences. The game's development was put on hold and the publisher intended to re-evaluate the game's creative direction.[24] The studio then worked on Fragmental, a twin-stick shooter with local multiplayer inspired by Hotline Miami that the studio self-published in Steam Early Access in February 2016.[24][25] The studio's RADtv, a virtual reality game involving hotseat multiplayer, was released in August 2019.[26][27]

Acquisition by Rockstar Games (2019–present)

[edit]

In October 2019, Ruffian Games was announced as working with Rockstar Games on games that were not further specified.[28] Take-Two Interactive, Rockstar Games's parent company, acquired Ruffian Games in October 2020 and integrated it with Rockstar Games as Rockstar Dundee.[29][30][31] At the time, the studio had approximately 40 employees.[32] Liddon and Thomson remained with Rockstar Dundee as the co-studio directors.[33]

Games developed

[edit]
List of games developed by Rockstar Dundee
Year Title Platform(s) Publisher(s) Ref.
2010 Crackdown 2 Xbox 360 Microsoft Studios [14]
2012 Kinect PlayFit [34]
2017 Fragmental Windows Ruffian Games [25]
2019 RADtv [26]

Additional work

[edit]
List of games supportively developed by Rockstar Dundee
Year Title Lead developer(s) Platform(s) Publisher(s) Notes Ref.
2012 Kinect Star Wars Terminal Reality Xbox 360 Microsoft Studios [14]
Nike+ Kinect Training Sumo Digital [14]
2013 Kinect Sesame Street TV (season 2) Soho Productions [34]
2014 Kinect Sports Rivals Rare Xbox One [35]
Halo: The Master Chief Collection 343 Industries Windows, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S Ported Halo 3, Halo 3: ODST, Halo 4, and Halo: Reach [28][36][37]
2019 Crackdown 3 Sumo Digital Windows, Xbox One Developed the Wrecking Zone multiplayer mode; credited as Elbow Rocket [28][38]

Cancelled

[edit]
  • Streets of Rage[17]
  • Tribal Towers / Game of Glens[20]
  • Hollowpoint[24]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "About". Ruffian Games. 2019. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Caoili, Eric (20 January 2009). "Ruffian Formally Announces Launch, Publisher Contract". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 7 November 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  3. ^ a b c Brice, Kath (16 November 2009). "Ruffian: Most successful games today have "persistence of life"". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  4. ^ a b Litel, Alex (19 December 2008). "Report: Scottish Developer Ruffian Formed – Crackdown 2 A Possibility?". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  5. ^ de Matos, Xav (25 May 2010). "What's in a Name: Ruffian Games". Engadget. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  6. ^ Brudvig, Erik (15 December 2009). "Crackdown 2: Flying High". IGN. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  7. ^ Mitchell, Richard (20 January 2009). "Former GTA, Fable 2 and Crackdown devs for Ruffian Games". Engadget. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  8. ^ Dobson, Jason (24 February 2009). "Wheelman, Crackdown designers join Ruffian Games". Engadget. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  9. ^ Jenkins, David (24 February 2009). "Ruffian Games Hires More Crackdown Veterans". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  10. ^ McElroy, Griffin (22 May 2009). "Ruffian Games expands team by 15, 'itching' to reveal first project". Engadget. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  11. ^ "UK industry layoffs bittersweet for Ruffian". MCV/Develop. 16 November 2009. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  12. ^ a b Goldstein, Hilary (25 June 2009). "Ruffian Games Defends Crackdown 2". IGN. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  13. ^ Elliott, Phil (17 June 2009). "David Jones "miffed" at Microsoft's Ruffian decision". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h Yin-Poole, Wesley (24 February 2014). ""I want to see another Crackdown as well. I really do."". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 12 October 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  15. ^ Leone, Matt (10 June 2013). "Ryse: Son of Rome's seven-year road to E3". Polygon. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  16. ^ Dutton, Fred (27 June 2012). "Crackdown 2 studio working on Ryse with Crytek – report". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 16 October 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  17. ^ a b McWhertor, Michael (5 December 2012). "Streets of Rage remake from Ruffian Games revealed in prototype video". Polygon. Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  18. ^ a b Nunneley, Stephany (19 February 2013). "Tribal Towers announced by Ruffian Games, Crackdown 3 not on the "production table"". VG247. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  19. ^ Purchese, Robert (27 January 2014). "Square Enix does crowdfunding with Ruffian's new game". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  20. ^ a b Yin-Poole, Wesley (7 April 2014). "Ruffian gives Game of Glens a rest". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  21. ^ Robinson, Martin (6 May 2014). "Lumo, a new game from Ruffian's co-founder, is truly enchanting". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  22. ^ Batchelor, James (9 May 2016). "Gareth Noyce on making Lumo: 'Triple-A isn't my calling'". MCV/Develop. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
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