Ujiji: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|National Historic Site of Tanzania}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox ancient site |
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| name = Ujiji |
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| image = Swahili House in Kasingirima Ward, Ujiji.jpg |
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| caption = Swahili house in Ujiji |
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| map_type = Tanzania |
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| location = [[Kigoma-Ujiji District]],<br/> [[Kigoma Region]],<br/>{{flag|Tanzania}} |
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| coordinates ={{coord|4|54|40|S|29|40|30|E|region:TZ|display=inline,title}} |
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|image_caption = Livingstone Memorial, {{coord |4|55|11.09|S|29|40|28.69|E|region:TZ-08_type:landmark|display=inline}} |
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| type = Settlement |
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| material = |
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| built = 18th Century |
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| abandoned = |
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| cultures =[[Manyema]], [[Jiji people|Jiji]], [[Ha people|Ha]], [[Swahili culture|Swahili]] and [[Arabs|Arab]] |
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| architectural_styles = [[Swahili architecture|Swahili]] |
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| excavations = |
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| archaeologists = |
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|pushpin_map = Tanzania<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |
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| condition = Endangered |
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|pushpin_label_position = bottom |
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| ownership = Tanzanian Government |
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|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tanzania |
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| management = Antiquities Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism <ref>{{Cite web|title=Antiquities Division|url=https://www.maliasili.go.tz/sectors/category/antiquities|access-date=21 Jul 2022}}</ref> |
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|coordinates_region = TZ |
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| designation1 = NHST |
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| designation1_offname = Ujiji Historic Town |
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|subdivision_name ={{flag|Tanzania}} |
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| designation1_type = Cultural |
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|subdivision_type1 =[[Regions of Tanzania|Region]] |
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| notes = |
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|subdivision_type2 =[[Districts of Tanzania|District]] |
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|area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |
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|timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] |
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|latd=4|latm=54|lats= |latNS=S |
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|longd=29|longm=41|longs=|longEW=E |
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|elevation_footnotes = <ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/TZ/05/Ujiji.html Ujiji, Tanzania, United Rep. of]</ref> |
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|elevation_ft = 2565 |
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|blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] |
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|blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]] |
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'''Ujiji''' is the oldest town in western [[Tanzania]] and is located in [[Kigoma-Ujiji District]] of [[Kigoma Region]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Takwa |first=Esther |date=2023-04-13 |title=Ujiji, a port with historical significance - Daily News |url=https://dailynews.co.tz/ujiji-a-port-with-historical-significance/,%20https://dailynews.co.tz/ujiji-a-port-with-historical-significance/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> Originally a [[Swahili people|Swahili]] settlement and then an [[Indian Ocean slave trade|Arab slave trading]] post by the mid-nineteenth century nominally under the [[Sultanate of Zanzibar]],<ref name="Bennett 1961">{{cite web | last=Bennett | first=Norman Robert | title=The Arab power of Tanganyika in the nineteenth century. | publisher=Boston University | date=1961 | hdl=2144/10700 | url=https://hdl.handle.net/2144/10700 | access-date=2023-05-16}}</ref> the town is the oldest in western [[Tanzania]]. In 1900, the population was estimated at 10,000 and in 1967 about 41,000.<ref>Brown, Beverly Bolser. UJIJI: THE HISTORY OF A LAKESIDE TOWN, C. 1800--1914. Boston University Graduate School, 1973.</ref> The site is a registered [[National Historic Sites of Tanzania|National Historic Site]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Antiquities Sites|url=https://www.maliasili.go.tz/uploads/ANTIQUITIES_SITES_LOCATION_AND_ACCESSBILITY.pdf|access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref> |
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'''Ujiji''' is the oldest town in western [[Tanzania]], located about 6 miles (10 km) south of [[Kigoma]]. In 1900, the population was estimated at 10,000 and in 1967 about 41,000. Part of the Kigoma/Ujiji urban area, the regional population was about 50,000 in 1978.<ref>[http://www.populstat.info/Africa/tanzanit.htm Populstat Tanzania], populstat.info; accessed 8 May 2014.</ref> |
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==History== |
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Ujiji is the place where [[Richard Francis Burton|Richard Burton]] and [[John Hanning Speke|John Speke]] first reached the shore of [[Lake Tanganyika]] in 1858. It is the site of the famous meeting on 10 November 1871 when [[Henry Morton Stanley|Henry Stanley]] found Dr. [[David Livingstone]], and reputedly uttered the famous words “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” Livingstone, whom many thought dead as no news had been heard of him for several years and who had only arrived back in Ujiji the day before, wrote “When my spirits were at their lowest ebb, the good Samaritan was close at hand, for one morning [my servant] Susi came running at the top of his speed and gasped out, ‘An Englishman! I see him!’ and off he darted to meet him. The American flag at the head of the caravan told of the nationality of the stranger. Bales of goods, baths of tin, huge kettles, cooking pots, tents, etc., made me think, ‘This must be a luxurious traveller, and not one at his wits’ end like me.’”<ref>{{Cite book|first=David|last=Livingstone|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death|publisher=R.W. Bliss & Company|location=Hartford, CT|year=1875|page=317|asin=B003YJF3QK}} republished by Qontro Classic Books (12 July 2010)</ref> |
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[[File:Omani Empire 2.png|thumb|The "Ujiji Sultanate" in the mid-nineteenth century]] |
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Historically the town that is now Ujiji was the home of the [[Jiji people|Jiji]] people. The settlement has close connections with the [[Swahili people|Swahili]] community of [[Commune of Buyenzi|Buyenzi]] north of Lake Tanganyika in Burundi. <ref>Croucher, Sarah, and Stephanie Wynne-Jones. "Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A preliminary report on survey in Tabora and Ujiji." African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter 9.4 (2006): 18.</ref> |
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Ujiji is the place where [[Richard Francis Burton|Richard Burton]] and [[John Hanning Speke|John Speke]] first reached the shore of [[Lake Tanganyika]] in 1858. It is the site of the famous meeting on 10 November 1871<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/stanley-meets-livingstone-91118102/|title=Stanley Meets Livingstone|website=Smithsonian|language=en|access-date=2019-02-12}}</ref> when [[Henry Morton Stanley|Henry Stanley]] found Dr. [[David Livingstone]], and reputedly uttered the famous words “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” Livingstone, whom many thought dead as no news had been heard of him for several years and who had only arrived back in Ujiji the day before, wrote “When my spirits were at their lowest ebb, the good Samaritan was close at hand, for one morning [my servant] Susi came running at the top of his speed and gasped out, ‘An Englishman! I see him!’ and off he darted to meet him. The American flag at the head of the caravan told of the nationality of the stranger. Bales of goods, baths of tin, huge kettles, cooking pots, tents, etc., made me think, ‘This must be a luxurious traveller, and not one at his wits’ end like me.’”<ref>{{Cite book|first=David|last=Livingstone|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death|publisher=R.W. Bliss & Company|location=Hartford, CT|year=1875|page=317|asin=B003YJF3QK}} republished by Qontro Classic Books (12 July 2010)</ref> |
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A monument known as the "Dr. Livingstone Memorial" was erected in Ujiji to commemorate the meeting. There is also a modest museum. There is a former slave route near the market. In 1878, the [[London Missionary Society]] established their first missionary post on the shore of Lake Tanganyika at Ujiji. Some in [[Burundi]] claim the location of the famous meeting is a few miles south of the capital [[Bujumbura]]. However the [[Livingstone-Stanley Monument, Burundi|Livingstone-Stanley Monument]] in Mugere actually marks a visit the two men made 15 days later on their joint exploration of northern Lake Tanganyika. |
A monument known as the "Dr. Livingstone Memorial" was erected in Ujiji to commemorate the meeting. There is also a modest museum. There is a former slave route near the market. In 1878, the [[London Missionary Society]] established their first missionary post on the shore of Lake Tanganyika at Ujiji. Some in [[Burundi]] claim the location of the famous meeting is a few miles south of the former capital [[Bujumbura]]. However, the [[Livingstone-Stanley Monument, Burundi|Livingstone-Stanley Monument]] in Mugere actually marks a visit the two men made 15 days later on their joint exploration of northern Lake Tanganyika.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} |
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[[Liwaliate of Ujiji]] or sometimes known as the Sultanate of Ujiji was a vassal state of Omani Empire and then Zanzibar Sultanate in Ujiji town established in 1830s under the auspices of Arab oligarchs of Ujiji town during slave trade. |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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Cine Atlas in Ujiji.jpg|Cine Atlas |
Cine Atlas in Ujiji.jpg|Cine Atlas |
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Pan Africanism mural in Tanzania.jpg|Pan Africanism mural |
Pan Africanism mural in Tanzania.jpg|Pan Africanism mural |
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Livingstone Memorial, Tanzania.jpg|Livingstone Memorial |
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</gallery> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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<references/> |
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{{Kigoma-Ujiji District}} |
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{{Kigoma}} |
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{{National Historic Sites of Tanzania}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://www.galenfrysinger.com/ujiji.htm Photos] |
* [http://www.galenfrysinger.com/ujiji.htm Photos] |
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* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Ujiji}} |
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Ujiji}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{Coord|4|54|S|29|41|E|region:TZ-08_type:city|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Populated places in |
[[Category:Populated places in Kigoma Region]] |
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[[Category:Lake Tanganyika]] |
[[Category:Lake Tanganyika]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:50, 4 August 2024
 Swahili house in Ujiji | |
  Shown within Tanzania | |
| Location | Kigoma-Ujiji District, Kigoma Region,  Tanzania |
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| Coordinates | 4°54′40″S 29°40′30″E / 4.91111°S 29.67500°E |
| Type | Settlement |
| History | |
| Founded | 18th Century |
| Cultures | Manyema, Jiji, Ha, Swahili and Arab |
| Site notes | |
| Condition | Endangered |
| Ownership | Tanzanian Government |
| Management | Antiquities Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism [1] |
| Architecture | |
| Architectural styles | Swahili |
| Official name | Ujiji Historic Town |
| Type | Cultural |
Ujiji is the oldest town in western Tanzania and is located in Kigoma-Ujiji District of Kigoma Region.[2] Originally a Swahili settlement and then an Arab slave trading post by the mid-nineteenth century nominally under the Sultanate of Zanzibar,[3] the town is the oldest in western Tanzania. In 1900, the population was estimated at 10,000 and in 1967 about 41,000.[4] The site is a registered National Historic Site.[5]
History
[edit]
Historically the town that is now Ujiji was the home of the Jiji people. The settlement has close connections with the Swahili community of Buyenzi north of Lake Tanganyika in Burundi. [6] Ujiji is the place where Richard Burton and John Speke first reached the shore of Lake Tanganyika in 1858. It is the site of the famous meeting on 10 November 1871[7] when Henry Stanley found Dr. David Livingstone, and reputedly uttered the famous words “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” Livingstone, whom many thought dead as no news had been heard of him for several years and who had only arrived back in Ujiji the day before, wrote “When my spirits were at their lowest ebb, the good Samaritan was close at hand, for one morning [my servant] Susi came running at the top of his speed and gasped out, ‘An Englishman! I see him!’ and off he darted to meet him. The American flag at the head of the caravan told of the nationality of the stranger. Bales of goods, baths of tin, huge kettles, cooking pots, tents, etc., made me think, ‘This must be a luxurious traveller, and not one at his wits’ end like me.’”[8]
A monument known as the "Dr. Livingstone Memorial" was erected in Ujiji to commemorate the meeting. There is also a modest museum. There is a former slave route near the market. In 1878, the London Missionary Society established their first missionary post on the shore of Lake Tanganyika at Ujiji. Some in Burundi claim the location of the famous meeting is a few miles south of the former capital Bujumbura. However, the Livingstone-Stanley Monument in Mugere actually marks a visit the two men made 15 days later on their joint exploration of northern Lake Tanganyika.[citation needed]
Liwaliate of Ujiji or sometimes known as the Sultanate of Ujiji was a vassal state of Omani Empire and then Zanzibar Sultanate in Ujiji town established in 1830s under the auspices of Arab oligarchs of Ujiji town during slave trade.
Gallery
[edit]-
Burton and Speke Monument -
Cine Atlas -
Pan Africanism mural -
Livingstone Memorial
References
[edit]- ^ "Antiquities Division". Retrieved 21 Jul 2022.
- ^ Takwa, Esther (2023-04-13). "Ujiji, a port with historical significance - Daily News". Retrieved 2023-09-23.
- ^ Bennett, Norman Robert (1961). "The Arab power of Tanganyika in the nineteenth century". Boston University. hdl:2144/10700. Retrieved 2023-05-16.
- ^ Brown, Beverly Bolser. UJIJI: THE HISTORY OF A LAKESIDE TOWN, C. 1800--1914. Boston University Graduate School, 1973.
- ^ "Antiquities Sites" (PDF). Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- ^ Croucher, Sarah, and Stephanie Wynne-Jones. "Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A preliminary report on survey in Tabora and Ujiji." African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter 9.4 (2006): 18.
- ^ "Stanley Meets Livingstone". Smithsonian. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
- ^ Livingstone, David (1875). The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death. Hartford, CT: R.W. Bliss & Company. p. 317. ASIN B003YJF3QK. republished by Qontro Classic Books (12 July 2010)
External links
[edit]- Photos
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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