Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|State park in Kentucky, United States}} |
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{{Geobox Protected Area |
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{{Infobox protected area |
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| name = Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |
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| name = Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park |
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| photo = McHargue’s Mill.jpg |
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| category = [[List of Kentucky state parks|Kentucky State Park]] |
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| photo_caption = McHargue's Mill |
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| map_caption = Location in Kentucky |
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| etymology_type = named for |
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| etymology = [[Levi Jackson (Kentucky)|Levi Jackson]] and the [[Wilderness Road]] |
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| location = [[Laurel County, Kentucky|Laurel]], Kentucky, United States |
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| state = Kentucky |
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| coordinates = {{coord|37|04|59|N|84|02|30|W|display=inline,title}} |
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| region = [[Laurel County, Kentucky|Laurel County]] |
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| coords_ref = <ref name="gnis">{{cite web |url={{Gnis3|513350}} |title=Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |date=September 20, 1979 |work=[[Geographic Names Information System]] |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |access-date=2010-06-03}}</ref> |
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| area_acre = 896 |
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| elevation = {{convert|1152|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="gnis"/> |
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| title=Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |
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| date = September 20, 1979 |
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| designated = |
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| work=[[Geographic Names Information System]] |
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| established = 1931 |
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| publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |
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| named_for = [[Levi Jackson (Kentucky)|Levi Jackson]] and the [[Wilderness Road]] |
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| accessdate=2010-06-03}}</ref> |
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| elevation_imperial = 1152 |
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| elevation_note = <ref name="gnis"/> |
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| governing_body = Kentucky State Parks |
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| area_imperial = 896 |
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| website = [http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/default.aspx Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park] |
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| established = 1931 |
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| management_body = Kentucky State Parks |
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| map = Kentucky Locator Map.PNG |
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| map_caption = Location of Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park in Kentucky |
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| map_locator = Kentucky |
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| website = [http://parks.ky.gov/findparks/recparks/lj/ Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park] |
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'''Levi Jackson Wilderness Road |
'''Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park''' is a former [[state park]] located just south of [[London, Kentucky]] in [[Laurel County, Kentucky|Laurel County]]. It is now a city park under the auspices of the city of London, KY. The park encompasses {{convert|896|acre}} and includes a section of the [[Wilderness Road]] that early settlers used to reach [[Kentucky]]. The park is named for Levi Jackson, an early Kentucky pioneer.<ref name=kye>{{cite book |editor=Kleber, John E. |others=Associate editors: [[Thomas D. Clark]], Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter |title=The Kentucky Encyclopedia |year=1992 |publisher=The University Press of Kentucky |location=[[Lexington, Kentucky]] |isbn=0-8131-1772-0 |chapter=Parks, State}}</ref> It serves as both a recreational and historic park.<ref name="history"/> |
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Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park features two historic recreations of pioneer life. The Mountain Life Museum is a restored pioneer village that includes seven buildings with tools and household items. The museum is open seasonally.<ref name="levi">{{cite web | url = http://parks.ky.gov/findparks/recparks/lj/ | title = Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park | publisher = Kentucky State Parks | accessdate = 2010-06-03}}</ref> McHargue’s Mill is a reproduction working [[watermill]] with authentic interior works, built on the banks of the Little Laurel River. Outside the mill is a large display of [[millstones]]. The mill is open seasonally and admission is free.<ref name="levi"/> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The historic Wilderness Road was the main route used by settlers for more than 50 years to reach Kentucky from [[Virginia]].<ref name="kincaid">{{cite book |last=Kincaid |first=Robert |title=The Wilderness Road |publisher=Arcata Graphics |year=1992 |location=Kingsport, Tennessee |pages=100–103 |id=ASIN B0006BNK0U}}</ref> In 1775, [[Daniel Boone]] blazed a trail for the [[Transylvania Company]] from [[Fort Chiswell]] in Virginia through the [[Cumberland Gap]] into Kentucky. It was later lengthened, following [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] trails, to the [[Falls of the Ohio]] at [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]].<ref name="kincaid"/> The Wilderness Road was rough and steep. In the early days of the trail, it could only be traveled on foot or horseback. As more travelers passed, the road improved and horse-drawn wagons were able to follow the trail.<ref name="reigler"/> In spite of the conditions, thousands of people used it.<ref name="kincaid"/> Many of their descendants still live in Kentucky<ref name="reigler">{{cite news |url=http://www.courier-journal/fdcp/?1275582657112 |title=Kentucky: Pioneer adventure at Levi Jackson Park |author=Reigler, Susan |date=2008-06-06 |access-date=2010-06-04 |newspaper=Louisville Courier-Journal}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> including members of the McNitt Company, a group of pioneers who were attacked by Native Americans on October 3, 1786.<ref name="history">{{cite web |url=http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/history.aspx |title=History |work=Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |publisher=Kentucky State Parks |access-date=September 8, 2013}}</ref><ref name="mcnitt">{{cite web |url=http://www.signsofhistory.com/kentucky/Laurel/102.htm |title=Defeated Camp Burial Ground |publisher=Signs of History |access-date=2010-06-03}}</ref> |
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Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park is on the historic [[Wilderness Road]]. The road was the main route used by settlers fifty-plus years to reach [[Kentucky]] from [[Virginia]].<ref name="kincaid">{{cite book |
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| last = Kincaid |
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| first = Robert |
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| title = The Wilderness Road |
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| publisher = Arcata Graphics |
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| year = 1992 |
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| location = [[Kingsport, Tennessee]] |
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| pages= 100–103 |
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| id= ASIN B0006BNK0U |
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}}</ref> |
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In 1775, [[Daniel Boone]] blazed a trail for the [[Transylvania Company]] from [[Fort Chiswell]] in [[Virginia]] through the [[Cumberland Gap]] into Kentucky. It was later lengthened, following [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] trails, to the [[Falls of the Ohio]] at [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]].<ref name="kincaid"/> The Wilderness Road was rough and steep. In the early days of the trail, it could only be traveled on foot or horseback. As more travelers passed the road improved and horse-drawn wagons were able to follow the trail.<ref name="reigler"/> In spite of the conditions, thousands of people used it.<ref name="kincaid"/> Many of their descendants still live in in Kentucky.<ref name="reigler">{{cite web | url = http://www.courier-journal/fdcp/?1275582657112 | title = Kentucky: Pioneer Adventure at Levi Jackson Park | author = Reigler, Susan | date = 2008-06-06 | accessdate = 2010-06-04 | publisher = Louisville Courier-Journal}}</ref> Including the members of the McNitt Company a group of pioneers who were attacked by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] on October 3, 1786.<ref name="history">{{cite web | url = http://parks.ky.gov/findparks/recparks/lj/history | title = History of Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park | publisher = Kentucky State Parks | accessdate = 2010-06-03}}</ref><ref name="mcnitt">{{cite web | url = http://www.signsofhistory.com/kentucky/Laurel/102.htm | title = Defeated Camp Burial Ground | publisher = Signs of History | accessdate = 2010-06-03}}</ref> The park is also at the intersection of Boone's Trace and the Wilderness Road. Boone's Trace was also blazed by Daniel Boone. It is still open today to hiking and the Wilderness Road has since been paved as part of [[Kentucky Route 229]].<ref name="reigler"/> |
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The park is crossed by portions of the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace, another pioneer trail blazed by Daniel Boone. It is still open today to hiking and while the Wilderness Road has since been paved as part of [[Kentucky Route 229]].<ref name="reigler"/> |
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Levi Jackson was one of the first settlers in [[Laurel County, Kentucky|Laurel County]]. He arrived in 1802 and claimed a large tract of land along the Wilderness Road as payment for his services in the [[American Revolutionary War]].<ref name="history"/> Jackson built a large two-story house which he licensed as a [[tavern]] in 1803. He partnered with John Freeman, another early settler, and ran the Wilderness Road Tavern and Laurel River Post Office.<ref name="history"/> The surrounding area became known as "Jackson's Farm" and remained in the Jackson family until 1931 when the land was donated to the state to honor the pioneers of Kentucky.<ref name="history"/> |
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Levi Jackson was one of the first settlers in [[Laurel County, Kentucky|Laurel County]]. He arrived in 1802 with his partner, John Freeman, who claimed a large tract of land along the Wilderness Road as payment for Freeman's services in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. Jackson built a large two-story house which he licensed as a [[tavern]] in 1803. He and John Freeman ran the Wilderness Road Tavern and Laurel River Post Office. The surrounding area became known as "Jackson's Farm" and remained in the Jackson family until 1931 when the land was donated to the state to honor the pioneers of Kentucky.<ref name="history"/> |
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The McNitt Company was one of may large groups of early settlers to use the Wilderness Road as the moved across the [[Appalachian Mountains]] and into the [[Ohio Valley]]. The group of fourteen families came under attack on the evening of October 3, 1786.<ref name="mcnitt"/> On this night they failed to post a guard against attacks by Native Americans on whose land the settlers were encroaching.<ref name="history"/><ref name="mcnitt"/> The settlers "danced and drank until late the evening."<ref name="history"/> They were attacked after they had fallen asleep. Twenty-four known victims died that night with just three survivors. The dead were buried near the site of the massacre at what is known as the Defeated Camp Burial Ground, within the boundaries of Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park.<ref name="mcnitt"/> |
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The land on which Levi Jackson Wilderness Road |
The land on which Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park sits was donated to the state by his descendants in 1931. The park facilities were constructed during the [[Great Depression]] in 1935. The [[National Park Service]] spent $55,000, building cabins, foot-bridges, parking areas, an auditorium, and observation tower. Additionally, the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] restored an old [[log cabin]] and built McHargue's Mill in 1939.<ref name="history"/> |
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==Features== |
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Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park is open for year-round recreation.<ref name="levi"/> It has a wooded campground with 146 sites. Campers have access to utility hook-ups and a grocery store. The are three central services buildings featuring laundry and shower facilities as well as modern latrines. There is a [[miniature golf]] course near the campground entrance.<ref name="levi"/> There is a large group camping area. The large group area includes an "activity center." There are {{convert|8.5|mi}} of hiking trails in the park. The trails follow the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace.<ref name="llbean"/><ref name="levi"/> A community pool is located within the park, as are basketball courts, [[horseshoes]] pits and volleyball facilities.<ref name="levi"/> Picnic tables are scattered throughout the park and there are four picnic shetlers available for large groups.<ref name="levi"/> |
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===Mill=== |
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McHargue's Mill, rebuilt by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1939, is a working [[grist mill]].<ref name="virtual"/> The largest collection of [[millstone]]s is on the grounds of the mill.<ref name="reigler"/> The working stones in the mill were brought over the Wilderness Road in 1805. Fresh ground [[corn meal]] can be purchased by visitors. The corn meal sells in one pound bags at $2.50 a pound.<ref name="virtual"/> |
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'''McHargue's Mill''' is a reproduction working [[watermill]] with authentic interior works. It was built on the banks of the Little Laurel River by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1939. Outside the mill is a large display of [[millstones]]. The working stones in the mill were brought over the Wilderness Road in 1805. Fresh ground [[corn meal]] can be purchased by visitors. The mill is open seasonally.<ref name="levi"/> |
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===Museum=== |
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The Mountain Home Museum consists of several cabins and other pioneer era structures. Some of the cabins are arranged to demonstrate what a pioneer settlement looked like during the Wilderness Road era.<ref name="reigler"/> Relics of the early settlers and displace Native Americans are also on display in the museum. Other buildings on the grounds are, a barn, stable, [[loom]] house, church and blacksmith shop.<ref name="reigler"/> The blacksmith has barred windows and was used as a [[jail]] in location filming of "[[The Kentuckian]]" a 1955 movie starring [[Burt Lancaster]].<ref name="reigler"/> |
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The Mountain Life Museum is a restored pioneer village that consists of several cabins and other pioneer era structures. Some of the cabins are arranged with tools and household items to demonstrate what a pioneer settlement looked like during the Wilderness Road era. Relics of the early settlers and the displaced Native Americans are also on display. Buildings on the grounds include a barn, stable, [[loom]] house, church and blacksmith shop. The blacksmith has barred windows and was used as a [[jail]] in location filming of ''[[The Kentuckian (1955 film)|The Kentuckian]]'', a 1955 movie starring [[Burt Lancaster]].<ref name="reigler"/> As of 2014, the museum is closed to the public.<ref name="levi">{{cite web |url=http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/default.aspx |title=Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |publisher=Kentucky State Parks |access-date=March 12, 2014 |archive-date=May 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504160039/http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/default.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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===Burial ground=== |
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The McNitt Company was one of many large groups of early settlers who used the Wilderness Road to cross the [[Appalachian Mountains]] and move into the [[Ohio Valley]]. The group of fourteen families came under attack on the evening of October 3, 1786. On that night they failed to post a guard against attacks by Native Americans on whose land the settlers were encroaching. The settlers "danced and drank until late the evening" and were attacked after they had fallen asleep. Twenty-four known victims died that night with just three survivors. The dead were buried near the site of the massacre at what is known as the Defeated Camp Burial Ground, within the boundaries of Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park.<ref name="history"/><ref name="mcnitt"/> |
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==Activities and amenities== |
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The park is open for year-round recreation including picnicking, camping, hiking and bird-watching.<ref name=todo>{{cite web |url=http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/things_to_do.aspx |title=Things to Do |work=Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |publisher=Kentucky State Parks |access-date=September 8, 2013}}</ref> |
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*Camping: The park's wooded campground has 136 sites. Campers have access to utility hook-ups and a grocery store. There are three central services buildings featuring laundry and shower facilities as well as modern latrines. There is a [[miniature golf]] course near the campground entrance.<ref name="levi"/> There is a large group camping area. The large group area includes an activity center. |
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*Trails: There are {{convert|8.5|mi}} of hiking trails in the park. The trails follow the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace.<ref name="levi"/> |
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*A community pool is located within the park, as are basketball courts, [[Horseshoes (game)|horseshoes]] pits and volleyball facilities. Picnic tables are scattered throughout the park and there are four picnic shetlers available for large groups.<ref name="levi"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{commons category|Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park}} |
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*[http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/default.aspx Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905082219/http://parks.ky.gov/parks/recreationparks/levi-jackson/default.aspx |date=September 5, 2013 }} Kentucky State Parks |
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{{Kentucky Parks}} |
{{Kentucky Parks}} |
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[[Category:Protected areas established in 1931]] |
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1931]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:State parks of Kentucky]] |
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[[Category:Laurel County, Kentucky]] |
[[Category:Protected areas of Laurel County, Kentucky]] |
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[[Category:1931 establishments in Kentucky]] |
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[[Category:Grinding mills in Kentucky]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:11, 5 August 2024
| Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park | |
|---|---|
 McHargue's Mill | |
  Location in Kentucky  Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park (the United States) | |
| Location | Laurel, Kentucky, United States |
| Coordinates | 37°04′59″N 84°02′30″W / 37.08306°N 84.04167°W[1] |
| Area | 896 acres (363 ha) |
| Elevation | 1,152 ft (351 m)[1] |
| Established | 1931 |
| Named for | Levi Jackson and the Wilderness Road |
| Governing body | Kentucky State Parks |
| Website | Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park |
Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park is a former state park located just south of London, Kentucky in Laurel County. It is now a city park under the auspices of the city of London, KY. The park encompasses 896 acres (363 ha) and includes a section of the Wilderness Road that early settlers used to reach Kentucky. The park is named for Levi Jackson, an early Kentucky pioneer.[2] It serves as both a recreational and historic park.[3]
History
[edit]The historic Wilderness Road was the main route used by settlers for more than 50 years to reach Kentucky from Virginia.[4] In 1775, Daniel Boone blazed a trail for the Transylvania Company from Fort Chiswell in Virginia through the Cumberland Gap into Kentucky. It was later lengthened, following Native American trails, to the Falls of the Ohio at Louisville.[4] The Wilderness Road was rough and steep. In the early days of the trail, it could only be traveled on foot or horseback. As more travelers passed, the road improved and horse-drawn wagons were able to follow the trail.[5] In spite of the conditions, thousands of people used it.[4] Many of their descendants still live in Kentucky[5] including members of the McNitt Company, a group of pioneers who were attacked by Native Americans on October 3, 1786.[3][6]
The park is crossed by portions of the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace, another pioneer trail blazed by Daniel Boone. It is still open today to hiking and while the Wilderness Road has since been paved as part of Kentucky Route 229.[5]
Levi Jackson was one of the first settlers in Laurel County. He arrived in 1802 with his partner, John Freeman, who claimed a large tract of land along the Wilderness Road as payment for Freeman's services in the American Revolutionary War. Jackson built a large two-story house which he licensed as a tavern in 1803. He and John Freeman ran the Wilderness Road Tavern and Laurel River Post Office. The surrounding area became known as "Jackson's Farm" and remained in the Jackson family until 1931 when the land was donated to the state to honor the pioneers of Kentucky.[3]
The land on which Levi Jackson Wilderness Road Park sits was donated to the state by his descendants in 1931. The park facilities were constructed during the Great Depression in 1935. The National Park Service spent $55,000, building cabins, foot-bridges, parking areas, an auditorium, and observation tower. Additionally, the Civilian Conservation Corps restored an old log cabin and built McHargue's Mill in 1939.[3]
Features
[edit]Mill
[edit]McHargue's Mill is a reproduction working watermill with authentic interior works. It was built on the banks of the Little Laurel River by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1939. Outside the mill is a large display of millstones. The working stones in the mill were brought over the Wilderness Road in 1805. Fresh ground corn meal can be purchased by visitors. The mill is open seasonally.[7]
Museum
[edit]The Mountain Life Museum is a restored pioneer village that consists of several cabins and other pioneer era structures. Some of the cabins are arranged with tools and household items to demonstrate what a pioneer settlement looked like during the Wilderness Road era. Relics of the early settlers and the displaced Native Americans are also on display. Buildings on the grounds include a barn, stable, loom house, church and blacksmith shop. The blacksmith has barred windows and was used as a jail in location filming of The Kentuckian, a 1955 movie starring Burt Lancaster.[5] As of 2014, the museum is closed to the public.[7]
Burial ground
[edit]The McNitt Company was one of many large groups of early settlers who used the Wilderness Road to cross the Appalachian Mountains and move into the Ohio Valley. The group of fourteen families came under attack on the evening of October 3, 1786. On that night they failed to post a guard against attacks by Native Americans on whose land the settlers were encroaching. The settlers "danced and drank until late the evening" and were attacked after they had fallen asleep. Twenty-four known victims died that night with just three survivors. The dead were buried near the site of the massacre at what is known as the Defeated Camp Burial Ground, within the boundaries of Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park.[3][6]
Activities and amenities
[edit]The park is open for year-round recreation including picnicking, camping, hiking and bird-watching.[8]
- Camping: The park's wooded campground has 136 sites. Campers have access to utility hook-ups and a grocery store. There are three central services buildings featuring laundry and shower facilities as well as modern latrines. There is a miniature golf course near the campground entrance.[7] There is a large group camping area. The large group area includes an activity center.
- Trails: There are 8.5 miles (13.7 km) of hiking trails in the park. The trails follow the Wilderness Road and Boone's Trace.[7]
- A community pool is located within the park, as are basketball courts, horseshoes pits and volleyball facilities. Picnic tables are scattered throughout the park and there are four picnic shetlers available for large groups.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. September 20, 1979. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
- ^ Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). "Parks, State". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: Thomas D. Clark, Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
- ^ a b c d e "History". Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park. Kentucky State Parks. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
- ^ a b c Kincaid, Robert (1992). The Wilderness Road. Kingsport, Tennessee: Arcata Graphics. pp. 100–103. ASIN B0006BNK0U.
- ^ a b c d Reigler, Susan (June 6, 2008). "Kentucky: Pioneer adventure at Levi Jackson Park". Louisville Courier-Journal. Retrieved June 4, 2010.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b "Defeated Camp Burial Ground". Signs of History. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park". Kentucky State Parks. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- ^ "Things to Do". Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park. Kentucky State Parks. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park.
- Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park Archived September 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Kentucky State Parks
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