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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}} |
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}} |
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The '''Shirke''' is a [[ |
The '''Shirke''' is a [[Clan|clan]] ([[Gotra]]) found in several castes such as [[Koli people|Koli]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hassan |first=Syed Siraj ul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd-3yL9h0C&dq=Kadam+Koli+nizam&pg=PA335 |title=The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions |publisher=[[Asian Educational Services]] |year=1989 |isbn=978-81-206-0488-9 |location=[[New Delhi]], [[India]] |pages=335: Koli [[clan]]s of [[Maharashtra]]: Bhagiwant, Budiwant, [[Bhonsle]], Kadam, Aghasee, [[Chavan]], Dagai, [[Dalvi]], [[Gaekwad]], Gowli, [[Jagtap]], Kedar, Kharad, Khirsagar, [[Namdev]], [[Pawar]], Polevas, [[Shiva|Shiv]], Sirkhi (Shirke), [[Suryavansha|Suryavanshi]], Utercha, [[Sagar (caste)|Sagar]], Shaikhacha, Shesh, Vanalpal |language=en}}</ref> [[Maratha (caste)|Maratha]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Karve |first=Irawati Karmarkar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jp6AAAAAMAAJ |title=Kinship Organisation in India |date=1953 |publisher=Deccana College Post-graduate and Research Institute |pages=157 |language=en}}</ref> [[Agri (caste)|Agri]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shrivastavya |first=Vidayanand Swami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l7w9AAAAIAAJ |title=Are Rajput-Maratha Marriages Morganatic? |date=1952 |publisher=D.K. Shrivastavya |location=New Delhi, India, Asia |pages=127 |language=en}}</ref> found largely in [[Maharashtra]] and bordering states of India. |
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{{Infobox tribe|name=Shirke|local name=शिरके|type=Clan (Gotra) of Koli, Maratha, Agri castes|ethnicity=*[[Koli people|Koli]] |
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*[[Maratha (caste)|Maratha]] |
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*[[Agri (caste)|Agri]]|location=*[[Maharashtra]] |
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*[[Goa]] |
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*[[Karnataka]]|varna=|parent_tribe=[[Marathi people]]|language=*[[Marathi language|Marathi]] |
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*[[Koli language|Koli]]{{dn|date=April 2024}} |
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*[[Hindi]] |
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*[[English language|English]]|religion=[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|surnames=*[[Deshmukh]] |
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*[[Patil (title)|Patil]] |
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*[[Nayak (title)|Nayak]]}} |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The Shirke clan held [[Deshmukh]]i rights in the areas of coastal [[Konkan]] in present day state of [[Maharashtra]] and some inland areas of Western Maharashtra during 15th century under the [[Bahamani Sultanate]] and in 16th and 17th century under the successor [[Deccan sultanates]] of [[Adilshahi]] and [[Nizamshahi]]<ref name="jstor.org">{{cite journal|last1=Kulkarni|first1=G.T.|title=Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Profesor S.M. Katre Felicitation|journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|date=1992|volume=51/52|pages=501–510|jstor=42930434}}</ref> During the Bahamani era, the seat of Shirke fief was at Khelna (Vishalgad).<ref name="Ali1996">{{cite book|author=Shanti Sadiq Ali|title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-3CPc22nMqIC&pg=PR9|year=1996|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-0485-1|pages=45–46}}</ref> The Shirkes intermarried with the [[Surve]]s and kept command over their regions. In the mid 17th century, [[Shivaji]], the founder of [[Maratha empire]] got the Surve and Shirke to join him by force or by forming marital alliances.{{ |
The Shirke clan held [[Deshmukh]]i rights in the areas of coastal [[Konkan]] in present day state of [[Maharashtra]] and some inland areas of Western Maharashtra during 15th century under the [[Bahamani Sultanate]] and in 16th and 17th century under the successor [[Deccan sultanates]] of [[Adilshahi]] and [[Nizamshahi]].<ref name="jstor.org">{{cite journal|last1=Kulkarni|first1=G.T.|title=Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Profesor S.M. Katre Felicitation|journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|date=1992|volume=51/52|pages=501–510|jstor=42930434}}</ref> During the Bahamani era, the seat of Shirke fief was at Khelna ([[Vishalgad]]).<ref name="Ali1996">{{cite book|author=Shanti Sadiq Ali|title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-3CPc22nMqIC&pg=PR9|year=1996|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-0485-1|pages=45–46}}</ref> The Shirkes intermarried with the [[Surve]]s and kept command over their regions. In the mid 17th century, [[Shivaji]], the founder of [[Maratha empire]] got the Surve and Shirke to join him by force or by forming marital alliances.{{sfn|Gordon|1993|p=69,85}} |
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| ⚫ | The Shirkes were relatives of |
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Mahratta [[Satavahana dynasty]], Satavahana were proto Mahrattas i.e. ancestors of modern day Marathas, |
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~Inscription Of The Maratha Satvahanas |
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<nowiki>#</nowiki>Marhatta #Marhatta #Maratha |
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The Satavahanas were the Kshatriya Marathas. Out of the [[Maratha (caste)|96]] clans of today's Kshatriya Marathas, Shirke, Satav, Bhoite, Vikhare are the descendants of the [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahanas]]. |
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[[Nayanika|Rani Nayanika]] , the Marhatha Satavahana empress, carved a magnificent inscription twenty-two hundred years ago in a cave in [[Naneghat]], Junnar. In the inscription of [[Nayanika]] related to Satavahana there is the word ""महारठिनोअंगियकुलवधनस". |
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In the inscription o[[Nayanika]]NayanikaNayanika[[Nayanika|a]] related to Satavahana there is the word ""महारठिनोअंगियकुलवधनस". |
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''Mahajanapada system existed in Hindustan during Mahabharata period and till some time later Maharashtra had Ashmak Mahajanapada when Maharashtra was ruled by Satavans. The history of Maharashtra says that the first name that comes before our eyes is that of the [[Maratha (caste)|Kshatriya Maratha]] [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahana]] kings, the creators of the state of Maharashtra.'' |
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''The chief capital of the Satavahana kings was Jirnanagar (Junnar)'' |
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The vice- capital was [[Paithan|Pratishthan]] (Paithan). The Satavahanas founded Maharashtra and protected Hinduism. |
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The great emperor [[Gautamiputra Satakarni|Gautamiputra Satavahana]] of Shirkesatavahana dynasty defeated the [[Saka|Sakas]] and protected Maharashtra from foreigners. |
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The current descendant of the Satavahana family is Suyash Shirke Satavahana |
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| ⚫ | The Shirkes were relatives of Bhosale rulers such as [[Shahaji]], [[Shivaji]], [[Sambhaji]], [[Rajaram Chhatrapati|Rajaram]] and [[Shahu I|Shahu]]. Although Sambhaji's wife, [[Yesubai]] came from the Shirke family, his positions were spied upon. Sambhaji and 25 of his advisors were captured by the Mughal forces of [[Muqarrab Khan]] in a skirmish at [[Sangameshwar]] in February 1689.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC|title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813|last=Mehta|first=Jaswant Lal|date=2005-01-01|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=9781932705546|language=en}}</ref> Shahu married Sakwarbai from the Shirke family. Just like Tarabai, she was an ambitious lady and acted as an advisor to her husband. In the 1740s she had to fight both the Peshwa, and Tarabai for influence at the court.After Shahu's death in 1749, she was forced to commit sati under pressure from the peshwa, Tarabai and her own brother, Kuwarjee Shirke.<ref>Vaidya, S. “ROLE OF SAKWARBAI & SAGUNABAI-QUEENS OF SHAHU IN MARATHA HISTORY 1730-49.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 28, 1966, pp. 311–18. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44140447. Accessed 31 May 2024.</ref> |
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Meaning in #Prakrit dictionary based on #Jain texts... |
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The Shirke were relations and confidantes of the Raja Pratapsinha of the short lived [[Satara state]]. He also sent a member of the Shirke family to London to plead his case of restoring him to power in 1839.<ref name="Kulkarni1995">{{cite book|author=Sumitra Kulkarni|title=The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYOSHaZnBy8C&pg=PP15|year=1995|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-581-4|pages=25, 33}}</ref> |
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Reference:- Prakrit proper names part 2 |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[Satavahana dynasty]] |
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* [[Maratha]] |
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* [[Maratha Empire]] |
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* [[Maratha clan system]] |
* [[Maratha clan system]] |
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* [[List of Maratha dynasties and states]] |
* [[List of Maratha dynasties and states]] |
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* [[Bhonsle]] |
* [[Bhonsle (clan)]] |
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* [[Gaekwad]] |
* [[Gaekwad]] |
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* [[Scindia]] |
* [[House of Scindia]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Parmar (clan)]] |
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* [[Holkar]] |
* [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] |
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* [[Peshwa]] |
* [[Peshwa]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Bibliography== |
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{{refbegin|30em}} |
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* {{citation |last=Gordon |first=Stewart |author-link=Stewart N. Gordon |title=The Marathas 1600–1818 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C |date=1993 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-26883-7 }} |
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** {{cite book|last=Gordon|first=Stewart|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C|title=The Marathas 1600–1818|date= 2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-03316-9|language=en}} |
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{{refend}} |
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=== Further reading === |
=== Further reading === |
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{{refbegin}} |
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* {{cite book|author=S.R. Bakshi|title=Advanced history of medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDjzm-hdzq0C&pg=PA391|accessdate=20 May 2011|date=1 January 2003|publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.|isbn=978-81-7488-028-4|pages=391–}} |
* {{cite book|author=S.R. Bakshi|title=Advanced history of medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDjzm-hdzq0C&pg=PA391|accessdate=20 May 2011|date=1 January 2003|publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.|isbn=978-81-7488-028-4|pages=391–}} |
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{{refend}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Shirke, Shirkhe}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shirke, Shirkhe}} |
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Latest revision as of 08:59, 5 August 2024
The Shirke is a clan (Gotra) found in several castes such as Koli,[1] Maratha,[2] Agri,[3] found largely in Maharashtra and bordering states of India.
History
[edit]The Shirke clan held Deshmukhi rights in the areas of coastal Konkan in present day state of Maharashtra and some inland areas of Western Maharashtra during 15th century under the Bahamani Sultanate and in 16th and 17th century under the successor Deccan sultanates of Adilshahi and Nizamshahi.[4] During the Bahamani era, the seat of Shirke fief was at Khelna (Vishalgad).[5] The Shirkes intermarried with the Surves and kept command over their regions. In the mid 17th century, Shivaji, the founder of Maratha empire got the Surve and Shirke to join him by force or by forming marital alliances.[6]
The Shirkes were relatives of Bhosale rulers such as Shahaji, Shivaji, Sambhaji, Rajaram and Shahu. Although Sambhaji's wife, Yesubai came from the Shirke family, his positions were spied upon. Sambhaji and 25 of his advisors were captured by the Mughal forces of Muqarrab Khan in a skirmish at Sangameshwar in February 1689.[7] Shahu married Sakwarbai from the Shirke family. Just like Tarabai, she was an ambitious lady and acted as an advisor to her husband. In the 1740s she had to fight both the Peshwa, and Tarabai for influence at the court.After Shahu's death in 1749, she was forced to commit sati under pressure from the peshwa, Tarabai and her own brother, Kuwarjee Shirke.[8]
The Shirke were relations and confidantes of the Raja Pratapsinha of the short lived Satara state. He also sent a member of the Shirke family to London to plead his case of restoring him to power in 1839.[9]
See also
[edit]- Maratha clan system
- List of Maratha dynasties and states
- Bhonsle (clan)
- Gaekwad
- House of Scindia
- Parmar (clan)
- Holkar
- Peshwa
References
[edit]- ^ Hassan, Syed Siraj ul (1989). The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions. New Delhi, India: Asian Educational Services. pp. 335: Koli clans of Maharashtra: Bhagiwant, Budiwant, Bhonsle, Kadam, Aghasee, Chavan, Dagai, Dalvi, Gaekwad, Gowli, Jagtap, Kedar, Kharad, Khirsagar, Namdev, Pawar, Polevas, Shiv, Sirkhi (Shirke), Suryavanshi, Utercha, Sagar, Shaikhacha, Shesh, Vanalpal. ISBN 978-81-206-0488-9.
- ^ Karve, Irawati Karmarkar (1953). Kinship Organisation in India. Deccana College Post-graduate and Research Institute. p. 157.
- ^ Shrivastavya, Vidayanand Swami (1952). Are Rajput-Maratha Marriages Morganatic?. New Delhi, India, Asia: D.K. Shrivastavya. p. 127.
- ^ Kulkarni, G.T. (1992). "Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Profesor S.M. Katre Felicitation". Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute. 51/52: 501–510. JSTOR 42930434.
- ^ Shanti Sadiq Ali (1996). The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan. pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-81-250-0485-1.
- ^ Gordon 1993, p. 69,85.
- ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1 January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 9781932705546.
- ^ Vaidya, S. “ROLE OF SAKWARBAI & SAGUNABAI-QUEENS OF SHAHU IN MARATHA HISTORY 1730-49.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 28, 1966, pp. 311–18. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44140447. Accessed 31 May 2024.
- ^ Sumitra Kulkarni (1995). The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture. Mittal Publications. pp. 25, 33. ISBN 978-81-7099-581-4.
Bibliography
[edit]- Gordon, Stewart (1993), The Marathas 1600–1818, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26883-7
- Gordon, Stewart (2007). The Marathas 1600–1818. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-03316-9.
Further reading
[edit]- S.R. Bakshi (1 January 2003). Advanced history of medieval India. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. pp. 391–. ISBN 978-81-7488-028-4. Retrieved 20 May 2011.