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{{Short description|Clan in Maharashtra and Goa, India}} |
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{{Orphan|date=December 2009}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}} |
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The '''Shirke''' is a [[Clan|clan]] ([[Gotra]]) found in several castes such as [[Koli people|Koli]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hassan |first=Syed Siraj ul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd-3yL9h0C&dq=Kadam+Koli+nizam&pg=PA335 |title=The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions |publisher=[[Asian Educational Services]] |year=1989 |isbn=978-81-206-0488-9 |location=[[New Delhi]], [[India]] |pages=335: Koli [[clan]]s of [[Maharashtra]]: Bhagiwant, Budiwant, [[Bhonsle]], Kadam, Aghasee, [[Chavan]], Dagai, [[Dalvi]], [[Gaekwad]], Gowli, [[Jagtap]], Kedar, Kharad, Khirsagar, [[Namdev]], [[Pawar]], Polevas, [[Shiva|Shiv]], Sirkhi (Shirke), [[Suryavansha|Suryavanshi]], Utercha, [[Sagar (caste)|Sagar]], Shaikhacha, Shesh, Vanalpal |language=en}}</ref> [[Maratha (caste)|Maratha]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Karve |first=Irawati Karmarkar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jp6AAAAAMAAJ |title=Kinship Organisation in India |date=1953 |publisher=Deccana College Post-graduate and Research Institute |pages=157 |language=en}}</ref> [[Agri (caste)|Agri]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shrivastavya |first=Vidayanand Swami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l7w9AAAAIAAJ |title=Are Rajput-Maratha Marriages Morganatic? |date=1952 |publisher=D.K. Shrivastavya |location=New Delhi, India, Asia |pages=127 |language=en}}</ref> found largely in [[Maharashtra]] and bordering states of India. |
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'''Shirke'''( शिर्के ) is the surname of a prominent [[Maratha]] ([[India]]) family, mostly hailing from [[Maharashtra]] and bordering states. Shirke family members have inherited a number of titles, including ''Raje'', [[Patil]], [[Deshmukh]], [[Sardar]], ''Sarkar''. |
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==History== |
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The Shirke clan held [[Deshmukh]]i rights in the areas of coastal [[Konkan]] in present day state of [[Maharashtra]] and some inland areas of Western Maharashtra during 15th century under the [[Bahamani Sultanate]] and in 16th and 17th century under the successor [[Deccan sultanates]] of [[Adilshahi]] and [[Nizamshahi]].<ref name="jstor.org">{{cite journal|last1=Kulkarni|first1=G.T.|title=Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Profesor S.M. Katre Felicitation|journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|date=1992|volume=51/52|pages=501–510|jstor=42930434}}</ref> During the Bahamani era, the seat of Shirke fief was at Khelna ([[Vishalgad]]).<ref name="Ali1996">{{cite book|author=Shanti Sadiq Ali|title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-3CPc22nMqIC&pg=PR9|year=1996|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-0485-1|pages=45–46}}</ref> The Shirkes intermarried with the [[Surve]]s and kept command over their regions. In the mid 17th century, [[Shivaji]], the founder of [[Maratha empire]] got the Surve and Shirke to join him by force or by forming marital alliances.{{sfn|Gordon|1993|p=69,85}} |
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Some origin theories of the Maratha '''Shirke'''-- now considered myths—relate to the Aryan Kshatriya origin of India. |
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The Shirkes were relatives of Bhosale rulers such as [[Shahaji]], [[Shivaji]], [[Sambhaji]], [[Rajaram Chhatrapati|Rajaram]] and [[Shahu I|Shahu]]. Although Sambhaji's wife, [[Yesubai]] came from the Shirke family, his positions were spied upon. Sambhaji and 25 of his advisors were captured by the Mughal forces of [[Muqarrab Khan]] in a skirmish at [[Sangameshwar]] in February 1689.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC|title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813|last=Mehta|first=Jaswant Lal|date=2005-01-01|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=9781932705546|language=en}}</ref> Shahu married Sakwarbai from the Shirke family. Just like Tarabai, she was an ambitious lady and acted as an advisor to her husband. In the 1740s she had to fight both the Peshwa, and Tarabai for influence at the court.After Shahu's death in 1749, she was forced to commit sati under pressure from the peshwa, Tarabai and her own brother, Kuwarjee Shirke.<ref>Vaidya, S. “ROLE OF SAKWARBAI & SAGUNABAI-QUEENS OF SHAHU IN MARATHA HISTORY 1730-49.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 28, 1966, pp. 311–18. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44140447. Accessed 31 May 2024.</ref> |
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King Shivaji's Brides were from the Shirke Maratha clan and moreover several prominent Maratha Royalties of 96 Clans used to marry with Shirke. Some Knights such as Bhosale of Nagpur in their Princely Era selected 7 clans for intermarrying among themselves. |
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The Shirke were relations and confidantes of the Raja Pratapsinha of the short lived [[Satara state]]. He also sent a member of the Shirke family to London to plead his case of restoring him to power in 1839.<ref name="Kulkarni1995">{{cite book|author=Sumitra Kulkarni|title=The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYOSHaZnBy8C&pg=PP15|year=1995|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-581-4|pages=25, 33}}</ref> |
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'''Shirke''' were rulers of Shrungarpur and they were active Marathas in Maratha Empire Expansion and also Pre Shivaji Era. They showed their bravery in Maratha martial operations. |
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== See also == |
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* [[Maratha clan system]] |
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* [[List of Maratha dynasties and states]] |
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* [[Bhonsle (clan)]] |
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* [[Gaekwad]] |
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* [[House of Scindia]] |
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* [[Parmar (clan)]] |
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* [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] |
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* [[Peshwa]] |
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== References == |
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[[Image:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|thumb|180px|right|Flag of the Maratha]] |
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'''Shirke''' |
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* Original surname: Kutur (Badshah) |
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* Arrived in [[Konkan]] state in early seventh century (705 AD). |
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*Original kingdom: [[Ahmedabad]] (in [[Gujarat]] state), [[Dabhol]] province in [[Konkan]] state. |
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*[[Guru]]: Saunalya *Clan goddess (''Kuladaivat''): [[Mahakali]], Shirkaidevi in Mose Maval area [[Raigad fort|Raigad]] fort, Shirkoli [near Panshet Dam]Pune |
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*Colour of throne and sign: [[White]] |
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*Other clan things are the same as for the Dhampal clan |
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*'''Surnames''': Abhang, Andhak, Abhud, Asawale, Kasale, Kalyankar, Kathavde, Kirandate, Kolare, Kans, Kautuke, Khilate, Gabde, Dhobe, Tanvde, Tade, Taptraye, Dumge, Dungre, Bagwan, Valunjkar, Bhorawkar, Bhokle, Bhojke, Lamale, Veense, Veerdatta, Sinwar, Sankadam, Honmane, Hause, Saikar. '''Dudhane''',khatav. |
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*'''Shirke'''s were prominent Marathas having good relationships with other Maratha Clans. |
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*'''Shirke''' have their presence in Tamil Nadu when Vyankoji Bhosale ruled there, and at Satara, Nagpur, Baroda etc., places dominated by Maratha Clans. |
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*'''Shirke''' have their presence in [[Shrigonda]] taluka since last 300 hundred years. |
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* Gujrat : They were part of Maratha Community present in Baroda and regions nearby.They established themeselves here along with Maratha 96k clans due to formation of Maratha Kingdom Under Gaikwad Sardars. |
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* Tamil Nadu : They were relatives of King '''Venkoji Bhosale''' and Their Faithful Sardars. Many of them were returned to Maharashtra along with 96k clans. |
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* Karnataka : There were some Maratha clans for the sake of Maratha Empire expansion dwelled in Karnataka along with Shieke and Majority of them now resides in MKB Area.( Maharashtra Karnataka Boarder disputed Area ). |
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* Madhya Pradesh : As there is [[Gwalior]] and [[Dewas]] states of Maratha,there is population of Maratha 96k clans and shirke is prominent part of it. |
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===References=== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Bibliography== |
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{{refbegin|30em}} |
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* {{citation |last=Gordon |first=Stewart |author-link=Stewart N. Gordon |title=The Marathas 1600–1818 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C |date=1993 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-26883-7 }} |
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** {{cite book|last=Gordon|first=Stewart|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHK-BhVXOU4C|title=The Marathas 1600–1818|date= 2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-03316-9|language=en}} |
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{{refend}} |
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=== Further reading === |
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*Kshytriya Marathyanchi Vanshavali and Shannavkuli aani Surya, Som, Bhramh and Sheshvant. |
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{{refbegin}} |
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Author: Balagi Nathugi Gavand and Govind Moroba Karlekar. |
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* {{cite book|author=S.R. Bakshi|title=Advanced history of medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gDjzm-hdzq0C&pg=PA391|accessdate=20 May 2011|date=1 January 2003|publisher=Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.|isbn=978-81-7488-028-4|pages=391–}} |
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Publisher: Tukaram book Depo, Madhavbag, Mumbai 4 |
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{{refend}} |
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Edition 9th, 1997 |
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Printer: Sumangal artec, G-8 MIDC, Marol bus depo, Andheri, (East) Mumbai - 400093 |
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*Shree Shatradharma, Prachalit and pramikh kshtravansh and tyanche gotra, pravar, kuldaivat, kuldevata a Devak. |
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Author: Bhramibhoot sadguru param pujya Moredada |
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Publisher: Shree Swami Samarth Seva aAnd Adhyatmik vikas pradhan kendra District Nasik, Taluka Dindori, Maharashtra state. |
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Printer: Shree Swami Samarth Gurukul Shree Shetra Trambkeshwar. |
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Edition: 11 July 2002 |
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*Maratha Kulancha Etihas - Part 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
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Author: Gopal Dajiba Dalwi. |
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Publisher: Induprakash Press, Mumbai |
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Dated : 1912 |
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[www.dnyan.in]Dnyaneshwar vidyapeeth |
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maratha_clan_system" |
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*A History of the Mahrattas |
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by James Grant Duff, Stephen Meredyth Edwardes |
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Edition: revised |
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Published by H. Milford, Oxford University Press, 1921 |
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Item notes: v. 2 |
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Original from Harvard University |
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Digitized 7 Jul 2005 |
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573 pages |
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*The Gazetteer of Bombay Presidency : Satara District |
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Published by Printed at the Govt. Photozinco Press, 1985 |
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Item notes: v. 19 |
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Original from the University of Michigan |
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Digitized 29 Aug 2008 |
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*Chhatrapati Sambhaji |
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By Kamal Shrikrishna Gokhale |
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Published by Navakamal Publications, 1978 |
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Original from the University of California |
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Digitized 30 Jul 2008 |
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438 pages |
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*A history of the Maratha people |
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By Charles Augustus Kincaid, Dattātraya Baḷavanta Pārasanīsa |
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Published by S. Chand, 1968 |
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Item notes: v. 1 |
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Original from the University of Michigan |
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Digitized 1 Aug 2007 |
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*The rise and fall of the Maratha Empire |
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By Rajaram Vyankatesh Nadkarnia |
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Published by Popular Prakashan, 1966 |
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Original from the University of Michigan |
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Digitized 1 Aug 2007 |
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410 pages |
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*http://books.google.co.in/books?id=gDjzm-hdzq0C&pg=PA391&dq=Shirke++maratha&lr= |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Shirke, Shirkhe}} |
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*Konkan, from the Earliest to 1818 A.D.: A Study in Political and Socio-economic Aspects |
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By Viṭhṭhala Gopāḷa Khobarekara |
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Published by Snehavardhan Pub. House, 2002 |
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Original from the University of Michigan |
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Digitized 4 Sep 2008 |
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436 pages |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Maratha clans]] |
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[[Category:Surnames]] |
[[Category:Surnames]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:59, 5 August 2024
The Shirke is a clan (Gotra) found in several castes such as Koli,[1] Maratha,[2] Agri,[3] found largely in Maharashtra and bordering states of India.
History
[edit]The Shirke clan held Deshmukhi rights in the areas of coastal Konkan in present day state of Maharashtra and some inland areas of Western Maharashtra during 15th century under the Bahamani Sultanate and in 16th and 17th century under the successor Deccan sultanates of Adilshahi and Nizamshahi.[4] During the Bahamani era, the seat of Shirke fief was at Khelna (Vishalgad).[5] The Shirkes intermarried with the Surves and kept command over their regions. In the mid 17th century, Shivaji, the founder of Maratha empire got the Surve and Shirke to join him by force or by forming marital alliances.[6]
The Shirkes were relatives of Bhosale rulers such as Shahaji, Shivaji, Sambhaji, Rajaram and Shahu. Although Sambhaji's wife, Yesubai came from the Shirke family, his positions were spied upon. Sambhaji and 25 of his advisors were captured by the Mughal forces of Muqarrab Khan in a skirmish at Sangameshwar in February 1689.[7] Shahu married Sakwarbai from the Shirke family. Just like Tarabai, she was an ambitious lady and acted as an advisor to her husband. In the 1740s she had to fight both the Peshwa, and Tarabai for influence at the court.After Shahu's death in 1749, she was forced to commit sati under pressure from the peshwa, Tarabai and her own brother, Kuwarjee Shirke.[8]
The Shirke were relations and confidantes of the Raja Pratapsinha of the short lived Satara state. He also sent a member of the Shirke family to London to plead his case of restoring him to power in 1839.[9]
See also
[edit]- Maratha clan system
- List of Maratha dynasties and states
- Bhonsle (clan)
- Gaekwad
- House of Scindia
- Parmar (clan)
- Holkar
- Peshwa
References
[edit]- ^ Hassan, Syed Siraj ul (1989). The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions. New Delhi, India: Asian Educational Services. pp. 335: Koli clans of Maharashtra: Bhagiwant, Budiwant, Bhonsle, Kadam, Aghasee, Chavan, Dagai, Dalvi, Gaekwad, Gowli, Jagtap, Kedar, Kharad, Khirsagar, Namdev, Pawar, Polevas, Shiv, Sirkhi (Shirke), Suryavanshi, Utercha, Sagar, Shaikhacha, Shesh, Vanalpal. ISBN 978-81-206-0488-9.
- ^ Karve, Irawati Karmarkar (1953). Kinship Organisation in India. Deccana College Post-graduate and Research Institute. p. 157.
- ^ Shrivastavya, Vidayanand Swami (1952). Are Rajput-Maratha Marriages Morganatic?. New Delhi, India, Asia: D.K. Shrivastavya. p. 127.
- ^ Kulkarni, G.T. (1992). "Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Profesor S.M. Katre Felicitation". Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute. 51/52: 501–510. JSTOR 42930434.
- ^ Shanti Sadiq Ali (1996). The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan. pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-81-250-0485-1.
- ^ Gordon 1993, p. 69,85.
- ^ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1 January 2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 9781932705546.
- ^ Vaidya, S. “ROLE OF SAKWARBAI & SAGUNABAI-QUEENS OF SHAHU IN MARATHA HISTORY 1730-49.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 28, 1966, pp. 311–18. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44140447. Accessed 31 May 2024.
- ^ Sumitra Kulkarni (1995). The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture. Mittal Publications. pp. 25, 33. ISBN 978-81-7099-581-4.
Bibliography
[edit]- Gordon, Stewart (1993), The Marathas 1600–1818, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-26883-7
- Gordon, Stewart (2007). The Marathas 1600–1818. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-03316-9.
Further reading
[edit]- S.R. Bakshi (1 January 2003). Advanced history of medieval India. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. pp. 391–. ISBN 978-81-7488-028-4. Retrieved 20 May 2011.