Gaddi language: Difference between revisions
Gaddi written in Takri script |
m clean up |
||
(3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Gaddi''' (also called '''Gaddki''', '''Gaddiyali''' or '''Bharmauri'''; [[Takri script|Takri]]: {{Lang|gbk|𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯}}) is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] of India. It is spoken by the [[Gaddi people]] primarily residing in [[Bharmour]] region of [[Chamba district]] and upper reaches of [[Kangra district]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]].<!--note: extent mentioned in Kaul 2006 is bigger than that--> It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of [[Jammu region|Jammu]], with Gaddi villages found in [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]], [[Kathua district|Kathua]] and [[Doda district|Doda]] districts.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 | p = 137}}</ref>{{Contains special characters|Indic}}The language has traditionally been written using the [[Takri script]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Takri for Gaddi|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09111-takri.pdf}}</ref> |
'''Gaddi''' (also called '''Gaddki''', '''Gaddiyali''' or '''Bharmauri'''; [[Takri script|Takri]]: {{Lang|gbk|𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯}}) is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] of India. It is spoken by the [[Gaddi people]] primarily residing in [[Bharmour|the Bharmour]] region of [[Chamba district]] and the upper reaches of [[Kangra district]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]].<!--note: extent mentioned in Kaul 2006 is bigger than that--> It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of [[Jammu region|Jammu]], with Gaddi villages found in [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]], [[Kathua district|Kathua]] and [[Doda district|Doda]] districts.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 | p = 137}}</ref>{{Contains special characters|Indic}}The language has traditionally been written using the [[Takri script]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Takri for Gaddi|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09111-takri.pdf}}</ref> |
||
[[File:Gaddi_culture.Tarsem_Jaryal._Part_-1.webm|thumb|Interview of Tarsem Jaryal about Gaddi culture in Gaddi language. Part -1]] |
[[File:Gaddi_culture.Tarsem_Jaryal._Part_-1.webm|thumb|Interview of Tarsem Jaryal about Gaddi culture in Gaddi language. Part -1]] |
||
Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
*The second one is spoken in consists of Piyuhar, Belaj, Guun, Bakani, the upper part of Mehla and Kaded, etc. |
*The second one is spoken in consists of Piyuhar, Belaj, Guun, Bakani, the upper part of Mehla and Kaded, etc. |
||
*The third one is spoken in the region of Basu and other adjoining area. |
*The third one is spoken in the region of Basu and other adjoining area. |
||
*The fourth |
*The fourth one is spoken in Lilh and Paho. |
||
{{ |
{{wiktionary category 2|Gaddi language}} |
||
== Status == |
== Status == |
||
The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]] or [[Western Pahari|Himachali]]. Some |
The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]] or [[Western Pahari|Himachali]]. Some speakers may even call it a dialect of [[Dogri language|Dogri]]. The language has no official status. According to the [[UNESCO|United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)]], the language is definitely endangered category, i.e. many Gaddi chilanother adjoining areag Gaddi as their mother tongue any longer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Endangered languages|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered}}</ref> |
||
The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=Zee News|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/himachal-pradesh/hp-for-inclusion-of-pahari-language-in-eighth-schedule_615857.html}}</ref> There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/demand-for-pahari-as-language-in-8th-schedule-of-constitution-1479046804.html}}</ref> |
The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=Zee News|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/himachal-pradesh/hp-for-inclusion-of-pahari-language-in-eighth-schedule_615857.html}}</ref> There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/demand-for-pahari-as-language-in-8th-schedule-of-constitution-1479046804.html}}</ref> |
||
Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
== External links == |
== External links == |
||
* [https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar Gaddi grammar sketches] |
* [https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar Gaddi grammar sketches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129025329/https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar |date=2023-01-29 }} |
||
{{Indo-Aryan languages}} |
{{Indo-Aryan languages}} |
||
[[Category:Northern Indo-Aryan languages]] |
[[Category:Northern Indo-Aryan languages]] |
||
[[Category:Languages of Himachal Pradesh]] |
[[Category:Languages of Himachal Pradesh]] |
Latest revision as of 09:20, 5 August 2024
Gaddi | |
---|---|
𑚌𑚛𑚯, गदी Gaddi 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, गदकी Gaddki 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, गदियाली Gaddiyali 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯, भरमौड़ी Bharmauri | |
Native to | Himachal Pradesh |
Region | Bharmaur |
Ethnicity | Gaddis |
Native speakers | 181,000 (2011)[1] |
Takri, Devanagari | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | gbk |
Glottolog | gadd1242 |
ELP | Gaddi |
Gaddi (also called Gaddki, Gaddiyali or Bharmauri; Takri: 𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯) is an Indo-Aryan language of India. It is spoken by the Gaddi people primarily residing in the Bharmour region of Chamba district and the upper reaches of Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh. It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of Jammu, with Gaddi villages found in Udhampur, Kathua and Doda districts.[2]
The language has traditionally been written using the Takri script.[3]
Dialects
[edit]There are four dialects of the language:[4]
- The first one is spoken in the entire Bharmaur, Chhatrari and Bhatyat Tehsils of Chamba and Gaddi speaking regions of Kangra district.
- The second one is spoken in consists of Piyuhar, Belaj, Guun, Bakani, the upper part of Mehla and Kaded, etc.
- The third one is spoken in the region of Basu and other adjoining area.
- The fourth one is spoken in Lilh and Paho.
Status
[edit]The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali. Some speakers may even call it a dialect of Dogri. The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is definitely endangered category, i.e. many Gaddi chilanother adjoining areag Gaddi as their mother tongue any longer.[5]
The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.[6] There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Gaddi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ Kaul, Pritam Krishen (2006). Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu. Vol. 1. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. p. 137. ISBN 8178541017.
- ^ "Takri for Gaddi" (PDF).
- ^ PLSI The languages of Himachal Pradesh. Orient Blackswan. p. 104.
- ^ "Endangered languages".
- ^ "Pahari Inclusion". Zee News.
- ^ "Pahari Inclusion". The Statesman.
External links
[edit]- Gaddi grammar sketches Archived 2023-01-29 at the Wayback Machine