Gaddi language: Difference between revisions

Gaddi
Gaddi
𑚌𑚛𑚯, गदी Gaddi; 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, गदकी Gaddki; 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, गदियाली Gaddiyali; 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯, भरमौड़ी Bharmauri
	The word "Gaddi" written in Takri script
Native to	Himachal Pradesh
Region	Bharmaur
Ethnicity	Gaddis
Native speakers	181,000 (2011)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northern Western Pahari Gaddi; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	Takri, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3	gbk
Glottolog	gadd1242
ELP	Gaddi

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Gaddi (also called Gaddki, Gaddiyali or Bharmauri; Takri: 𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯) is an Indo-Aryan language of India. It is spoken by the Gaddi people primarily residing in the Bharmour region of Chamba district and the upper reaches of Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh. It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of Jammu, with Gaddi villages found in Udhampur, Kathua and Doda districts.^[2]

This article contains Indic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.

The language has traditionally been written using the Takri script.^[3]

Interview of Tarsem Jaryal about Gaddi culture in Gaddi language. Part -1

Dialects

There are four dialects of the language:^[4]

The first one is spoken in the entire Bharmaur, Chhatrari and Bhatyat Tehsils of Chamba and Gaddi speaking regions of Kangra district.
The second one is spoken in consists of Piyuhar, Belaj, Guun, Bakani, the upper part of Mehla and Kaded, etc.
The third one is spoken in the region of Basu and other adjoining area.
The fourth one is spoken in Lilh and Paho.

Status

The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali. Some speakers may even call it a dialect of Dogri. The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is definitely endangered category, i.e. many Gaddi chilanother adjoining areag Gaddi as their mother tongue any longer.^[5]

The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.^[6] There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.^[7]

References

^ Gaddi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^ Kaul, Pritam Krishen (2006). Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu. Vol. 1. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. p. 137. ISBN 8178541017.
^ "Takri for Gaddi" (PDF).
^ PLSI The languages of Himachal Pradesh. Orient Blackswan. p. 104.
^ "Endangered languages".
^ "Pahari Inclusion". Zee News.
^ "Pahari Inclusion". The Statesman.

External links

Gaddi grammar sketches Archived 2023-01-29 at the Wayback Machine

[e25-1] Gaddi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

[2] Kaul, Pritam Krishen (2006). Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu. Vol. 1. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. p. 137. ISBN 8178541017.

[3] "Takri for Gaddi" (PDF).

[4] PLSI The languages of Himachal Pradesh. Orient Blackswan. p. 104.

[5] "Endangered languages".

[6] "Pahari Inclusion". Zee News.

[7] "Pahari Inclusion". The Statesman.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Indo-Aryan language spoken in India}}
 {{Infobox language
 | name             = Gaddi
@@ Line 7: / Line 8: @@
 | speakers         = {{sigfig|181069|3}}
 | date             = 2011
+| ref              = e25
 | familycolor      = Indo-European
 | fam3             = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
 | fam2             = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
-| fam4             = [[North-Western Indo-Aryan languages|North-Western]]
+| fam4             = [[Northern Indo-Aryan languages|Northern]]
 | fam5             = [[Western Pahari]]
-| iso3              = gbk
+| iso3             = gbk
 | glotto           = gadd1242
-| glottorefname       = Gaddi
+| glottorefname    = Gaddi
-| image            = gaddki.png
+| image            = Gaddi.png
-| imagecaption     = Gaddi, Gaddki, Gaddiyali and Bharmauri written in Takri Script
+| imagecaption     = The word "Gaddi" written in Takri script
 | script           = [[Takri]], [[Devanagari]]
 }}
-'''Gaddi''' (also called '''Gaddki''', '''Gaddiyali''' or '''Bharmauri'''; [[Takri script|Takri]]: {{Lang|gbk|𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯}}) is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] of India. Is is spoken by the [[Gaddi people]] primarily in [[Bharmour]] Tehsil of [[Chamba district]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]].<!--note: extent mentioned in Kaul 2006 is bigger than that--> It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of [[Jammu region|Jammu]], with Gaddi villages found in [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]], [[Kathua district|Kathua]] and [[Doda district|Doda]] districts.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume =  1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 | p = 137}}</ref>
+'''Gaddi''' (also called '''Gaddki''', '''Gaddiyali''' or '''Bharmauri'''; [[Takri script|Takri]]: {{Lang|gbk|𑚌𑚛𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚊𑚯, 𑚌𑚛𑚮𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚯, 𑚡𑚤𑚢𑚵𑚪𑚯}}) is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] of India. It is spoken by the [[Gaddi people]] primarily residing in [[Bharmour|the Bharmour]] region of [[Chamba district]] and the upper reaches of [[Kangra district]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]].<!--note: extent mentioned in Kaul 2006 is bigger than that--> It is also spoken in neighbouring parts of [[Jammu region|Jammu]], with Gaddi villages found in [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]], [[Kathua district|Kathua]] and [[Doda district|Doda]] districts.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume =  1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 | p = 137}}</ref>{{Contains special characters|Indic}}The language has traditionally been written using the [[Takri script]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Takri for Gaddi|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09111-takri.pdf}}</ref>
+[[File:Gaddi_culture.Tarsem_Jaryal._Part_-1.webm|thumb|Interview of Tarsem Jaryal about Gaddi culture in Gaddi language. Part -1]]
-The language has traditionally been written using the [[Takri script]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}
 == Dialects ==
-There are four dialects of the language:<ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=PLSI The languages of Himachal Pradesh|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=104}}</ref>
+There are four dialects of the language:<ref>{{Cite book|title=PLSI The languages of Himachal Pradesh|publisher=Orient Blackswan|pages=104}}</ref>
 *The first one is spoken in the entire [[Bharmour|Bharmaur]], Chhatrari and Bhatyat Tehsils of [[Chamba district|Chamba]] and Gaddi speaking regions of [[Kangra district|Kangra]] district.
 *The second one is spoken in consists of Piyuhar, Belaj, Guun, Bakani, the upper part of Mehla and Kaded, etc.
 *The third one is spoken in the region of Basu and other adjoining area.
-*The fourth on is spoken in Lilh and Paho.
+*The fourth one is spoken in Lilh and Paho.
-{{wtc|Gaddi language}}
+{{wiktionary category 2|Gaddi language}}
 == Status ==
-The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]] or [[Western Pahari|Himachali]]. Some speaker may even call it a dialect of [[Dogri language|Dogri]]. The language has no official status. According to the [[UNESCO|United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)]], the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Gaddi children are not learning Gaddi as their mother tongue any longer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Endangered languages|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>
+The language is commonly called [[Pahari language|Pahari]] or [[Western Pahari|Himachali]]. Some speakers may even call it a dialect of [[Dogri language|Dogri]]. The language has no official status. According to the [[UNESCO|United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)]], the language is definitely endangered category, i.e. many Gaddi chilanother adjoining areag Gaddi as their mother tongue any longer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Endangered languages|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/apr/15/language-extinct-endangered}}</ref>
-The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=Zee News|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/himachal-pradesh/hp-for-inclusion-of-pahari-language-in-eighth-schedule_615857.html|url-status=live|access-date=}}</ref> There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are taking upto themselves to save the language and demanding it.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/demand-for-pahari-as-language-in-8th-schedule-of-constitution-1479046804.html|url-status=live|access-date=}}</ref>
+The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eight Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=Zee News|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/himachal-pradesh/hp-for-inclusion-of-pahari-language-in-eighth-schedule_615857.html}}</ref> There has been no positive progress on this matter since then even when small organisations are striving to save the language.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Pahari Inclusion|work=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/demand-for-pahari-as-language-in-8th-schedule-of-constitution-1479046804.html}}</ref>
 == References ==
@@ Line 41: / Line 42: @@
 == External links ==
-* [https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar Gaddi grammar sketches]
+* [https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar Gaddi grammar sketches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129025329/https://www.flingjnu.com/gaddigrammar |date=2023-01-29 }}
+{{Indo-Aryan languages}}
-[[Category:Pahari languages]]
+[[Category:Northern Indo-Aryan languages]]
 [[Category:Languages of Himachal Pradesh]]
 [[Category:Languages of Jammu and Kashmir]]
+[[Category:Languages written in Devanagari]]
+[[Category:Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census]]